南非豎井施工建設(shè)講義

SinkingMethodologies&AnlaysisContentSinkingmethodologyPre-sinkto30mPre-sinkto90mSlowSinkto165mMainSinktofinaldepthSinkingAnalysisCycleTimesAdvanceperblastContinuousImprovementTypicalPhasesofShaftSinkingPhase1–BoxCutwithCollarConstruction–10to15mbelowcollarPhase2–Pre-sinkto-30mtoallowinstallationofpre-sinkequipmentPhase3–Pre-sinkto-90mtoallowforinstallationofmainsinkequipmentPhase4–SlowSinkto-165mPhase5–MainSinktoFinaldepthPhase6-Equipping4Technical-MethodStatementLocationPhaseHoistingLoadingMainShaftPre-SinkMobileCraneKibble6tonSlowSinkScottDerrickKibble6tonMainSinkD/DrumWinderKibble15tonVentilationShaftPre-SinkMobileCraneKibble6tonSlowSinkScottDerrickKibble6tonMainSinkD/DrumWindersKibble10tonScottDerrickWinderKibble10ton5Hoisting–MobileCraneCleaning–MobileExcavatorintosingle6ton KibbleAccess–RingbackandchainLaddersDrilling–Handheldpercussionrockdrills 2,4mdrillsteel,aver2,1madvance WedgecutTemporarySupport–1,8mSplitsetswith 100x100squaremeshingServicesAir–2x150mmsteelcolumns Water–1x100mmsteel Ventilation–1x1012mmgalvanised steelMethodology:Pre-sink-15mto-30mwithMobileCrane

Methodology:Pre-sink-15mto-30mwithMobileCraneDuringthepre-sinkphaseminingtakesplacewithamobilecraneandexcavatorAccesstotheshaftbottomisviaringbackladdersmountedtothesidewallNoshaftliningisinstalledduringthissinkingphaseConventionalhandhelddrillingisusedShaftcollarisopenMethodology:Pre-sink-15mto-30mwithMobileCraneLimitations:DMRRegulations–30munguidedMantransportinKibble–noguides,nocanopyTravellingup&downverticalladderAt-30mbelowCollarthefollowingchangesaremade:MobilecranereplacedbyScottDerrickwithsingledrumwinchRingbackladdersarestrippedTwo-deckworkingplatforminstalledConcretecolumns(x2)installedShutteringinstalledLiningcasttowithin20moftheshaftbottomShaftcollaropeningcoveredDymotwinchesinstalledforworkingplatformMethodology:Pre-sink-15mto-30mwithMobileCrane9Hoisting–ScottDerrickwithsingledrumHoistCleaning–MobileExcavatorintosingle6ton KibbleAccess–Bullet(Personnel)&Kibbles(material)Drilling–Handheldpercussionrockdrills 2,4mdrillsteel,aver2,1madvance WedgecutTemporarySupport–1,8mSplitsetswith 100x100squaremeshingPermanentSupport–300mm,35-40mPa Concreteliningcarriedwithin20mfromthe advancingbottomServices-Air–2x150mmsteelcolumns Water–1x100mmsteel Ventilation–1x1012mmgalvanised steelMethodology:Pre-sink-30mto-90mwithScottDerrick

Methodology:Pre-sinkto-90mwithScottDerrickandExcavatorOncethechangeoverfrommobilecraneiscompletedat-30mPre-SinkingcontinueswithaScottDerrickandanexcavatorto-90mAtwodeckworkingplatformissuspendedintheshaftfrom5Dymotwinchesmountedonthebanksteelforplatformmovement35–40MpaConcreteliningcarriedwithin20mofthebottomAllworksinthebarrel,liningandserviceswereperformedfromthepre-sinkingplatformScottDerrickhascapabilitytosinkbeyond150mMinimumof90mdepthatstartofchangeover–allowsforstagemovementatblastingMethodology:Pre-sink-30mto-90mwithScottDerrickAt-90m,thefollowingchangesaremade:ScottDerrickdecommissionedDymotwinchesdecommissioned5deckstageinstalledLashingunitinstalledandcommissionedHeadgearinstalledandcommissionedKibblewindercommissioned&licensedStagewindercommissioned&LicensedPre-sinkbanksteelreplacedwithmainsinksteelworkwithbankdoorsSafetydevicesandinterlocksbetweenwinders,conveyances,stage,bankdoors,shaftbottomandheadgeartipsareinstalledandcommissionedMethodology:Pre-sink-30mto-90mwithScottDerrick13Hoisting–DoubledrumWinderwith10–15ton kibbles,dependingonshaftsizeCleaning–Lashingunitsuspendedbelowthestage with 20or30cft“cactusgrab〞,dependingon shaftsizeAccess–Kibbles(Men,materialandequipment)Drilling–6or7boomjumborig,dependingonshaft size 3,4mdrillsteelwith3.1madvance(36hour cycle)TemporarySupport–1,8mSplitsetswithexpanded metalsheeting PermanentSupport–300mm,35-40mPa Concreteliningcarriedwithin24mfromthe advancingbottomServices-Air–2x150mmsteelcolumns Water–1x100mmsteel Ventilation–2x1200mmgalvanised steelcapableofforcingorexhaustingMethodology:SlowSink-90mto-165m

Methodology:MainSink–165mtofinaldepthConfigurationofequipmentremainsthesame75mof“SlowSinkata36hourcycleisalearningcurve.Utilizedtobringcycletimesdownto24hoursMethodology:DrillingshaftroundwithJumboDrillRigAroundcomprisedof137holes,45mmindiameterwillbedrilledtoadepthof3.2mforanadvanceof3mbymeansofapneumatic-hydraulicmechanizeddrillrig(theJumbo).TheproductionandcutholeswillbechargedwithExplogelV12,550x38mm?cartridgeswhichwillalsobeusedfortheboosters.ThecropperswillbechargedwithExplosmooth550x32mm?cartridgesandtheroundwillbeinitiatedwithDetacordand3.6mLPPrimadetsMachinewaterwillbepumpedintokibblesatshaftbottom,raisedtosurfaceanddisposedofviaasiphonsystem

Methodology:LashroundBeforethestartofmucking,thestagewillbebracedbytheextensionofthepneumaticstagejacks.Blastedrockwillbeloadedintokibblesbyacactusmuckingunit,hoistedandtippedintotheheadgearchutesandloadedfromthereintothefinaldisposalvehicle

Methodology:SupportinshaftbottomwithmachinecarouselTemporarysupportwillbecomprisedofsplit-setsandwiremesh.Installationwillbeexpeditedbymakinguseofa‘carousel’arrangementinwhichallofthedrillingequipmentisloweredatonetime.Holeswillbedrilledthroughthemeshbymeansofhand-held,pneumaticallypoweredrock-drills.ThesplitsetwillbedrivenintotheholeassoonasthedrillstemhasbeenretractedWiremeshandsplitsetsareinstalledona1.5mx1.5mpatternincompetentgroundanda1mx1mpatterninbadgroundconditions

Methodology:5DeckStage(workingplatform)The5deckstagecurrentlyinuseinbothshaftsdesignedtoperformworkrelatedtoliningoperations(barrelaccess),lashingoperations(Grab/Cactus).The5deckstageallowsforaccessofthekibbles.

Methodology:ShaftLiningA6mconcreteliningliftwillbeinstalledaftereverysecondround.Immediatelyaftertheshaftbar-downandmakingsafeprocedure(atthebeginningoftheshift)hasbeencompleted,plumblineswillbeloweredandthesinkingplatform(stage)willbeloweredtotheexistingcurbringposition.Thecurbringwillbeattachedtothestageshutterwinchesandreleasedfromtheremainingshutterringsadheringtothealreadysetportionofthelining.Thestage,supportingtheringwillthenbelowered(6m)tothenewelevationwheretheringwillbeelevated,surveyedandsecured.Thelowering,alignmentandsecuringoftheremainderoftheshutteringwillonlytakeplacewithallpersonsremovedfromtheshaftbottom.Castingofconcreteinthemainbarrelandfillerringswillbeexecutedconcurrentlywithshaftbottomactivities.

Methodology:ConcreteCastingTheringwillbecastedwhenalignment,verticalityandlevelhavebeencheckedandrecordedbythesurveyorConcreteflowsdownaspeciallydesign