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關于被動語態(tài)講解講解很詳細練習很到位第1頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六被動語態(tài)基本用法當句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時,謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當句子的主語是動作的承受者時,謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構成,時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。第2頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主語+及物動詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時:S(主語)+am/is/are+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)第3頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六Hisbrotherwashesbowlsevery

day.主謂賓(受動者)Bowlsare

washedbyhis

brother

every

day.改為被動語態(tài)第4頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeilun.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.你知道這些被動句的否定句和一般疑問句嗎?第5頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm.Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.2一般過去時:S+was/were+過去分詞第6頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主謂賓(受動者)Thelittlebaby

waslookedafterbyhimyesterday.第7頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.第8頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六3.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.3一般將來時:S+will+be+過去分詞第9頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(受動者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.第10頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.第11頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六4.Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

.Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.4情態(tài)動詞:S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞第12頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.第13頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六Youmusthandinyourcompositionsafterclass.Yourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass.Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththecomputer.Agreatmanyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.第14頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow.Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.5現(xiàn)在進行時:

S+am/is/are+being+過去分詞第15頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六

現(xiàn)在進行時:

TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradio.Wearepaintingtherooms.Theroomsarebeingpainted.第16頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight.Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.6過去進行時:

S+was/were+being+過去分詞第17頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六過去進行時:

—Whydidn'ttheydrivethereontime?—Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad.Becausetheroadwasbeingmended.Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.第18頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六We

havemade

twentymorekeys.Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.7現(xiàn)在完成時:

S+have/has+been+過去分詞第19頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六.現(xiàn)在完成時:

Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.Wehavebroughtdowntheprice.Thepricehasbeenbroughtdown.第20頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六8過去將來時:

Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.第21頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六9.過去完成時:

WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.

Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.

第22頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六10:動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)betodo----betobedonebegoingtodo---begoingtobedoneBeabouttodo---beabouttobedoneEg:Heistoreadanovel

AnovelistobereadbyhimTheyaregoingtoholdameetingtomorrow.Ameetingisgoingtobeheldtomorrow.Theyareabouttoshootthemurderer.Themurderdrisabouttobeshotbythem.第23頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況1.不及物動詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時,在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,仍然要帶上介詞。e.g.Thestudentslisten

totheteachercarefullyinclass.被動句:Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被動句:Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.第24頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六

2.當動詞帶有復合賓語(有賓補),并且賓補是省去“to”的動詞不定式時,在被動語態(tài)中應加上“to”e.g.Theymakeusdoallthework.被動句:Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.e.g.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被動句:Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.e.g.Isawhimwalktoschool.被動句:Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme.這些動詞真奇怪,主動句中to離開,被動句中to回來。(let,have,make,feel,see,watch,hear,notice…)第25頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六3.當動詞帶雙賓語時(一個賓語是指人,一個是指物),將其中指人的賓語提前作被動句的主語時,另一個賓語按順序照抄下來;如是將指物的賓語提前作被動句的主語,在被動句中則指人賓語前應加“to”或“for”

。常見加to的動詞有give,send,teach,write,show,pass,ask,tell…常見加for的動詞有make,draw,buy…e.g.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.

被動1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.

被動2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.

被動1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.

被動2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.第26頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六(一)語態(tài)轉換時要注意的問題1.把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,其謂語動詞的時態(tài)要與原句時態(tài)保持一致,其謂語動詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。

Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正確)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(錯誤)

2.含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時,可分別將其中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一個不動,一般變間接賓語為主語時比較多。

Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.

如果把直接賓語(指物)改為主語,則在間接賓語(指人)前加適當?shù)慕樵~,如上句還可以說:

Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.保留賓語第27頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六注意:一般在下列動詞后,常在間接賓語前用介詞to,如:

bring,give,lend,offer,pass,promise,sell,show,teach,tell等。

Thecupwithmixturewasshowedtotheclass.

Mybikewaslenttoher.

一般在下列動詞后,間接賓語前用介詞for,如:

buy,cook,choose,fetch,get,,make,order,等。

Mothermademeanewskirt.(Anewskirtwasmadeforme.)

Themeatwascookedforus.

第28頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六練習:將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?/p>

1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.

LiLei’sfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.Thebabywaslookedafterbythemotherintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.Thethingsweretakencareofbyus.4.Theygaveussomework.

Weweregivensomeworkbythem.Someworkwasgiventousbythem.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.

Theyweremadetolaughallthetimebytheboy.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.

Abikeisboughtformebymymother.Iamboughtabikebymymother.

第29頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISES

areusedarecleaned(變被動語態(tài))第30頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.

wasmadetohave

canbe

used第31頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.The

ticket

was

found

was

told第32頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.

we

were

given

were

giventous第33頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMust

be

finished第34頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.

wasasked

isdone第35頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemended

mustbe

taken第36頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?

is

studiedIs

talked

bythem第37頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六1.Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They____welland____already.sell;havebeensoldoutB.sold;hadsoldoutC.sell,selloutaresold;havebeensoldout2.IsawDaveinliftthismorning.----Really?He___aroundhereforalongtime.A.won’tbeseenB.wasn’tseeC.hasn’tbeenseenD.hadn’tbeenseen第38頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六3.Thewindowisdirty.----Iknow.It___forweeks.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned4.Thehero’sstory___differentlyinthenewspapers.wasreportedB.wasreportingreportsD.reported5.Whydidyouleavethatposition?----I___abetterpositionatIBM.offerB.offeredC.amofferedD.wasoffered6.Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool___abroadtostudymedicinelastyear.A.sentB.weresentC.hadsentD.hadbeensent第39頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六7.Thepoliceman’sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich___placedundertheMinister’scar.hasbeenB.wasbeingC.hadbeenD.wouldbe8.Millionsofpounds’worthdamage____byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.A.hasbeencausedB.hadbeencausedC.willbecausedD.willhavebeencaused9.Whentheoldman___towalkbacktohishouse,thesun____itselfbehindthemountain.started;hadalreadyhiddenhadstarted;hadalreadyhiddenC.hadstarted;washidingD.wasstarting;hid第40頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六10:Thewater___coolwhenIjoinedintothepoolformorningexercise.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels11:Themomentthe28thOlympicGames___open,thewholeworldcheered.declaredB.havebeendeclaredC.havedeclaredD.weredeclared12.MrGreenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone____.blamedB.blamingC.toblameD.tobeblamed第41頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六13.Inaroomabovethestore,whereaparty____,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.A.wastobeheldB.hasbeenheldC.willbeheldD.isbeingheld14.Idon’tsupposethepoliceknowwhodidit.---Wellsurprisinglytheydo.Amanhasbeenarrestedand____now.A.hasbeenquestionedB.isbeingquestionedC.isquestioningD.hasquestioned15.Thenewtypeofcellphone___betterifitisadvertisedonTV.A.willsellB.sellsC.wouldsellD.sold第42頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20日,5點53分,星期六16.Thebridgewhich______lastyearlooksreallybeautiful.A.wasbuilt B.built C.wassetup D.hadbeenbuilt17."Thiscloth_____welland_____long.""Ok.I'lltakeit."A.washes/lasts B.iswashed/lasted C.washes/islasted D.iswashing/lasting18.Anexhibitionofpaintings____atthemuseumnextweek.A.aretobeheldB.istobeheldC.areholding D.willhold第43頁,共47頁,2022年,5月20

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