英語(yǔ)常用系動(dòng)詞

..頁(yè)腳.英語(yǔ)常用連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞也稱系動(dòng)詞（LinkVerb），它本身具有實(shí)在意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，后邊必須加上表語(yǔ)共同構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。連系動(dòng)詞與其后面的表語(yǔ)合起來(lái)叫作系表結(jié)構(gòu)。系表結(jié)構(gòu)主要是為了說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。一、表示狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，只有一個(gè)be，但be在不同的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)中有不同的形式，有am、are、is、was和were，后接名詞、形容詞、分詞、不定式、副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)等作表語(yǔ)。例如:Themanisascienceteacher.Mary'snewdresseswerecolorful.二、表示持續(xù)性的系動(dòng)詞用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep、remain、stay、lie、stand、continue和rest等，例如:Pleasekeepquiet.Severalproblemsremaintobesolved.Ihopetheweatherwillstayfine.Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake.Mr.Blackstandshighinthepublicestimation.Theweathercontinuescold.Mygrandfatherwillneverrestidle.三、表“像”系動(dòng)詞用來(lái)表示“看起來(lái)像”這一概念，主要有seem、appear和look，例如：Sheseemsveryhappywiththenewjob.Heappearedtobetalkingtohimself.Shelookshappy.四、感官系動(dòng)詞感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel、smell、sound、taste等，后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，其意思分別為“摸/聞/聽(tīng)/嘗起來(lái)……”。這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)往往是物，而不是人。例如：Thetomatoesfeelverysoft.Theseflowerssmellverysweet.Themusicsoundsverypleasingtotheear.Themeattastesdelicious.五、表示變化的系動(dòng)詞這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)變化成什么樣，主要有become、grow、turn、fall、get、go、come和run等，這些詞后面大多數(shù)接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，但become,turn,sound,remain,seem亦可接名詞作表語(yǔ)，只是turn若跟名詞則不加冠詞。例如：Shebecameafamouswriter.Hiscoldisgrowingworse.Inautumntheleavesturnyellow.Theyfirstmetatuniversityandlaterfellinlove.It'sgettingcold.Themilkwentsour.Myshoecameloose.Theriverwasbeginningtorundry.Heturnsdoctor.=Hebecomesadoctor.六、表終止的系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)終止，主要有prove和turnout，表達(dá)“證實(shí)”和“變成”之意。例如：Myadviceproved(tobe)wrong.Heprovedacompetentmanager.Thepartyturnedout(tobe)verysuccessful.Therookieturnedout(tobe)thebesthitterontheteam.七、學(xué)習(xí)系動(dòng)詞的注意事項(xiàng)1.特別要注意“be+過(guò)去分詞”所構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與其所構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)側(cè)重于表示主語(yǔ)的特征或所處的狀態(tài)，通常沒(méi)有由by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)，如：Thedoorwasclosed.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)側(cè)重于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所示動(dòng)作的承受者，表示動(dòng)作；句中可以用由by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)。如：Thedoorwasclosedbyme.還要注意由“be+V-ing”所構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與其所構(gòu)成的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)側(cè)重于說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)具有的特征或存在的狀態(tài)，也可說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么。如：MyjobisteachingEnglish.進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)側(cè)重于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)正在做某事。如：Mr.Wangisreadinganeveningpapernow.2.要特別注意某些動(dòng)詞既可以做系動(dòng)詞，又可以做實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的用法。有些系動(dòng)詞也是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，該動(dòng)詞表達(dá)實(shí)義時(shí)，有具體詞義，可單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，例如：Hefellillyesterday.Hefellofftheladder.Thenewly-inventedsoftdrinkingtastesquiteunique.Thechefistastingthefishcarefully.3.系動(dòng)詞除了接名詞、形容詞、分詞、不定式、副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)等以外，還可接以下幾種表語(yǔ)形式：①能接asif/asthough表語(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有：look（看起來(lái)），smell（聞起來(lái)），sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)），feel（覺(jué)得）；appear（顯得），seem（似乎）等。例如：Helookedasifhehadjuststeppedoutofmybookoffairytales.Sheseemedasif(though)shecouldn’tunderstandwhyLaurawasthere.Itsoundstomeasthoughthere’sataprunningsomewhere.Shefeltasifherheadweresplitting.Theriverappearedasifenvelopedinsmog.②可用于“It+系動(dòng)詞+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)的有：seem和appear不可用be、look。如：Itseemedthathehadmadesomeseriousmistakesinhiswork.Itappearedthathewastalkingtohimself.③能用不定式作表語(yǔ)的系動(dòng)詞有be、seem、get、look、appear、prove、grow等。Herjobistolookafterthechildren.Heseemsnottogowithus.Shelookstobeayounggirloftwenty.Hedidn’tappeartodislikeit.Myadviceprovedtobewrong.Hewillgrowtolikethisworkgradually.④能與there連用的系動(dòng)詞有：be、appear和seem.如:Thereappearedtobeonlyoneroom.Thereseems(tobe)noneedtogo.⑤能接介詞短語(yǔ)的有：feel,look,sound,taste,remainItsoundslikeatraingoingundermyroom.Theconcertremainsinmymemory.4.系動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。5.系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

練習(xí)：1.Thedrug__________(tobe)highlyeffective.A.turnedB.becameC.provedD.smelled2.Howsweetthemusic__________!A.soundsB.looksC.remainsD.is3.Thebigsoldier__________thereexceptforhisslightlymovinglips.(B)A.keptcalmB.stoodstillC.wasquietD.laysilent4.Thisafternoonwillbecloudy,_____clear.A.feelingB.tastingC.fallingD.turning5.Theactressisthirty-fiveyearsold,butshe___alotyounger.(B)A.looksB.appearsC.seemsD.feelsHeappearsquiteyoung.他顯得年輕。6.He____paleandhisclotheswereinafrightfulstate.(A)A.lookedB.appearedC.seemedD.waslooked7.HisdreamtobeadmittedintoBeijingUniversityhas______trueatlast.(D)A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.come8.ThesilkmadeinSuzhou___smoothandsoft.(C)A.isfeltB.istouchedC.feelsD.isfeeling9.Things_____tobeexactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.(A)A.turnedoutB.turnedC.wereprovedD.showed10.Holdingthenoteinhishand，Adam_____theredumbfounded．(D)A.remainedB.stayedC.keptD.stood11.Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyoucan’thavetimeto______beforetheparty.(A)A.getchangedB.getchange C.getchangingD.gettochange12.--Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend.--_________good. A.Sound B.SoundedC.Sounding D.Sounds13.Itremains________whetherJimwillbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.(B)A.seen B.tobeseenC.seeing D.tosee14.ThemelontheSmithsservedatdinnerwouldhavetastedifithadbeenputinthefridgeforalittlewhile.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well15.Pleaseremain_________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.toseatB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated1-5CABDB6-10ADCAD11-15ADBBD1.Thestorysounds___________.A.tobetrueB.astrueC.beingtrueD.true

2.Thoseorangestaste__________.A.goodB.wellC.tobegoodD.tobewell

3.–Areyoufeeling____________.(B)--Yes.I'mfinenow.

A.anywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter

4.–Doyoulikethematerial?

--Yesit__________verywell.

A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt

5.–Youdon'tlookvery__________.Areyouill?

--NoI'mjustabittired.

A.goodB.wellC.strongD.healthy

6.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif_______whetherhewasgoingintherig