八年級下冊現(xiàn)在完成時講解與練習課件

現(xiàn)在完成時PresentperfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時PresentperfectTense1現(xiàn)在完成時:

have/has+過去分詞

1)表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經完成或剛剛完成的動作。Nowwehaveplantedallthetrees.Hehasjustcomeback.現(xiàn)在完成時:22)表示過去發(fā)生的動作,但強調結果或對現(xiàn)在的影響。Haveyouhadyoursupper?Ihavereadthebooktwicealready.在以上兩種用法中常跟already,not…yet,never,just,before,ever,recently等時間繼續(xù)下去的狀語。八年級下冊現(xiàn)在完成時講解與練習課件33)表示過去已經開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會繼續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內的一段時間的狀語連用。HehasstudiedEnglishfor6years.MaryhasbeenbusysinceshecamebackfromHangzhou..3)表示過去已經開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會繼續(xù)下去的動4過去分詞的構成1.直接加-ed。如：play-played2.以字母e結尾的直接加d。如：name-named3.以輔音字母加y結尾的，變y為i加ed。如：carry-carried4.重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped過去分詞的構成1.直接加-ed。如：play-playe5現(xiàn)在完成時Presentperfect句型1.肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句式是“have（has）＋過去分詞”。注意：該句式中的have或has是助動詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。2.疑問句

現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。（回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．／“No，．．．haven’t（hasn’t）．”）3.否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋過去分詞”。

現(xiàn)在完成時Presentperfect句型1.肯定句6Ihaveeatenmylunch.Shehaseatenherlunch.Hehaseatenhislunch.肯定句Theyhaveeatentheirlunch.Ihaveeatenmylunch.Shehas7Ihavenot(haven’t)seenthefilm.Shehasnot(hasn’t)seenthefilm.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定形式：havenot(haven’t)+過去分詞hasnot(hasn’t)+過去分詞

Ihaven’teatensupper.eat-eatenHehasn’tchangedhisidea.change-changedMymotherhasn’e-come否定句Ihavenot(haven’t)seenthe8I’vealreadyhaddinner.I________________dinner________.2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.He________________hishomework_________.3.Mum’scookedthedinner.Mum_______________thedinner.4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.Susan________________Englishatschool.haven’thadyethasn’t

finishedyethasn’tcookedhasn’tlearned把下列句子改為否定句I’vealreadyhaddinner.haven’9Haveyoueatenyourbreakfast?現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句形式Have/has提前+過去分詞

HaveyouknownSandyforalongtime?Yes,Ihave/No,Ihaven’t.know-knownHassheeatenanythingsince9:00a.m.Yes,shehas/No,shehasn’t.eat-eaten疑問句Haveyoueatenyourbreakfast?10I’vealreadyhaddinner.

2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.

3.Mum’scookedthedinner.4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.Haveyoualreadyhaddinner?Hashejustfinishedhishomework?Hasmumcookedthedinner?HasSusanlearnedEnglishatschool?把下列句子改為一般疑問句I’vealreadyhaddinner.Havey11分清與一般過去時的用法現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的范圍，不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastnight,threeweeksago,in1990等.而一般過去時只表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關系。eg---Ihaveseenthefilm.eg---Isawthefilmlastweek.eg---Hehaslivedheresince1993.eg----Helivedherein1993.分清與一般過去時的用法12Notes:1)havegoneto與havebeentohavegoneto表示某人已離開了原地，去了另外某地，說話時，人已不在原地。后者表示某人曾havebeento去過某地，說話時人已不在某地了。HehasbeentoXi‘antwice.

他曾經去過西安兩次。（已經回來了）Youcan’tfindhim.HehasgonetoXian.

你找不到他。他去西安了。（沒回來）Notes:13動詞填空：1._______you____________(clean)theroom?Yes,we______________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.-______he______(see)thisfilmyet?-Yes.-When_____he_____(see)it?-He______itlastweek.3.-Howmanytimes________you_________(come)here?-Once.HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesawhavecome動詞填空：Havecleanedhavedonediddo144.I____________(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.5.She__________(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?Yes.How______she_______(go)there?She_______(go)therebyair.6.Sofar,manycountries__________________(develop)theirsoftwareprograms.7.MrChen________(give)upsmokinglastyear.8.-_____youever__________(ride)ahorse?-Never.9.He___________(keep)thebooksincetwodaysago.havereadhasgonedidgowenthavedevelopedgaveHaveriddenhaskept4.I____________(read)then15練習題:

1.It'salongtimesincewe____(meet)last,isn'tit?

2.--Iknowyou_____________(choose)apicturebookamongthese.

--Yes,Havealookatit,please.

3.Sofar,spaceshipswithoutpeople_____________(reach)themoonandsomeotherpartsoftheuniverse.

4.Myfather____homefornearlythreeweeks.

A.hasgoneawayfrom

B.hasleft

C.hasbeenawayfrom

D.wentaway

5.Mr.andMrs.Greenhave_____inChinaforaweek.

A.been

B.got

C.arrived

D.reachedmethavechosenhavereachedCA練習題:

methavechosenhavereach16I’vealreadyhaddinner.

2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.

3.Mum’scookedthedinner..4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.

Whathaveyoualreadydone?Whathashejustdone?Whohascookedthedinner?WherehasSusanlearnedEnglish?對劃線部分提問I’vealreadyhaddinner.Whath17（for+表示一段時間的詞組，since+表示過去某一時刻的詞或詞組）謂語只可用延續(xù)性動詞.eg.---I’velivedherefor15years.eg.---I’velivedheresince15yearsago(2003)選用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.Hisfatherhasbeeninthefactory______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere________hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttimeforsinceforsinceforsince（for+表示一段時間的詞組，since+表示過去某一時刻的18當現(xiàn)在完成時與表示短時間的時間狀語連用時，謂語動詞必須使用延續(xù)性動詞。如果謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞則轉化為對應的延續(xù)性動詞。若不是和短時間連用，則不用轉化。英語的行為動詞有持續(xù)性動詞和瞬間性動詞之分，使用中應注意兩者的區(qū)別。

1.持續(xù)性動詞:表示一個動作可以持續(xù)一段時間或更長時間。

常見的study,play,do,read,learn,drive,write,clean,sleep,speak,talk,wait,fly,stay,sit,stand,lie,keep等。

2.瞬間性動詞:表示一個動作發(fā)生在一瞬間，非常短暫。亦稱終止性動詞。

常見的--begin,start,finish,go,come,leave,find,getup,arrive,reach,getto,enter,hear,stop,open,close,become,buy,borrow,lend,happen,join,lose,renew,die,takeaway,putup,setout,puton,geton/off等

3.瞬間性動詞在完成時中如要與表示持續(xù)一段時間的狀語連用，通常用意思相當?shù)某掷m(xù)性動詞來替換

Hehasbeeninthearmy/asoldierforthreeyears.（他參軍已有3年了。）不用hasjoined

Shehasbeenupforquitesometime.

（她起床已有好久了。）不用hasgotup

Hasyourbrotherbeenawayfromhomeforalongtime?（離家已有好久了嗎？）不用hasleft

當現(xiàn)在完成時與表示短時間的時間狀語連用時，謂語動詞必須使用延19常用瞬間動詞相應持續(xù)性動詞關系：

1.eback-beback4.leave-beaway（benothere）5.buy-have6.borrow-keep7.die-bedead8.begin-beon9.finish-beover10.open-beopen11.close-beclosed12.lose-belost13.gettoknow-know14.turnon-beon15.getup-beup16.sitdown-sit/beseated17.join-bein（…）或bea…member18.become-be

4.瞬間動詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用

例如：Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.（好久沒見到你了。）常用瞬間動詞相應持續(xù)性動詞關系：

1.go-beaway20現(xiàn)在完成時考點例析一、考查其構成“助動詞have(has)+動詞過去分詞”構成現(xiàn)在完成時。如：1.Kate‘sneverseenChinesefilms，____?

A.hasn’tsheB.hassheC.isn’tsheD.isshe析：陳述句部分含否定詞never,簡略問句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Katehas的縮寫，故選B。2.Hisunclehasalreadypostedthephotostohim.(改為否定句)Hisuncle______postedthephotostohim______.析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問句中，故填hasn't,yet。3.-AnnhasgonetoShanghai.-So______herparents.

A.hasB.hadC.didD.have析："so+助/系/情態(tài)動詞+主語"結構中的動詞形式應與前句結構中動詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語為herparents是復數(shù),故選D析：因我丟了票的動作發(fā)生在過去，而且對現(xiàn)在造成了我不能參加音樂會的結果，符合現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的含意，故選C?，F(xiàn)在完成時考點例析21二、考查其用法與標志詞(一)當句中有never,ever,just,already,yet,before等時，常用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：1.-Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?-______you______yourhomeworkyet?A.Do;finish

B.Are;finishing

C.Did;finish

D.Have;finished2.-______you______anywherebefore?-Yes,butIcan'trememberwhereI______A.Did;surf;surfed

B.Have;surfed;surfedC.Did;surf;havesurfed

D.Have;surfed;havesurfed析：據(jù)yet和before可知,應用現(xiàn)在完成時，故1題選D，2題選D。(二)當句中有"for+段時間"或"since+點時間"等時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，若是非延續(xù)性動詞要改為延續(xù)性動詞或表狀態(tài)的詞(短語)1.HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice______hecametoYunnan.

A.after

B.before

C.since

D.for析：主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時，而從句用的是一般過去時，故選C。2.Tom______theCDplayerfortwoweeks.

A.haslent

B.hasborrowed

C.hasbought

D.hashad析：ABC均為非延續(xù)性動詞，在肯定句中不與表"段時間"的短語連用，故選D。3.I______aletterfromhimsinceheleft.

A.didn'treceive

B.haven'tgot

C.didn'thave

D.haven'theard析：據(jù)since可知，應排除A、C，"hearfromsb.=receive/get/havealetterfromsb."意為"收到某人的來信"，故選B。二、考查其用法與標志詞22三、考查have/hasbeen(to,in)/have/hasgone(to)的區(qū)別。如：1.-Haveyouever______LintongtoseetheTerraCottaWarriors?

-Yes,Ihave.

A.wentto

B.goneto

C.beenin

D.beento析：據(jù)句中的have，排除A，B項意為"去某地了"，C項意為"一直呆在某地"，D項意為"去過某地"，符合題意，故選D。2.Myparents______Shangdongfortenyears.

A.havebeenin

B.havebeento

C.havegoneto

D.havebeen析：本題句中有"for+段時間"結構，據(jù)此可排除C，B項意為"去過某地"，不合題意，D項缺介詞，故選A。三、考查have/hasbeen(to,in)/hav23四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時與其他時態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：1.Sun'saunthasgonetherefortenyears.(改成正確的句子)析：非延續(xù)性動詞與"段時間"連用時，除了把非延續(xù)性動詞改成延續(xù)性動詞外，還可把動詞改為一般過去時或借助句型"It's+段時間+since+從句"進行句子轉換。故答案為：Sun'saunthasbeentherefortenyears./Sun'sauntwenttheretenyearsago./It'stenyearssinceSun'sauntwentthere.2.Susanhasbeeninthiscityformorethantenyears.(改為同義句)

________morethantenyears____Susan______tothiscity.析：據(jù)上題分析，且since引導的從句要用一般過去時，故填Itis,since,came。3.Iwon'tgototheconcertbecauseI____myticket.

A.lost

B.don'tlose

C.havelost

D.iscoming四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時與其他時態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：24Choosethebestanswer.1.Howlonghaveyou_______here?A.comeB.got C.arrivedD.been2.Mygrandpadied_________.A.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2. D.myagewas6.3.Janehas_____toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.gone C.wentD.neverbeen4.Itistenyears_____Ilastsawher.A.after B.since C.for D.that5.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.A.met B.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeetDCBBBChoosethebestanswer.DCBBB256.--Whatanicedress!Howlong_____you_____it?--Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had7.--DoyouknowLydiaverywell?--Yes,SheandI_____friendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned8.TheSmiths_______inChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.lived C.havebeenD.live9.--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry.He______theBainiaoPark.A.hasbeento B.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto10.--____youever____totheUS?--Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC.Do,goD.were,goingDCCBB6.--Whatanicedress!Howlo26

Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.2._____he_______(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.Myfather____just_____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.Where’sLiMing?He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.5.I_____________(work)heresinceI________(move)herein1999.6.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7.Howlong________theWangs______________(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.haveseensawHavefinishedhascomehasgonehaveworkedmovedhavemadehasbeenFillintheblankswiththep278.I________just___________(finish)myhomework.9.He________(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.10._____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?11.Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.12.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey__________(climb)thetree.14.Mymother__________(come)toseemenextSunday.15.I'velostmypen._________you________(see)itanywhere?havefinishedgoesHavefoundiswerereadingisclimbingwillcomeDidsee8.I________just___________28現(xiàn)在完成時PresentperfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時PresentperfectTense29現(xiàn)在完成時:

have/has+過去分詞

1)表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經完成或剛剛完成的動作。Nowwehaveplantedallthetrees.Hehasjustcomeback.現(xiàn)在完成時:302)表示過去發(fā)生的動作,但強調結果或對現(xiàn)在的影響。Haveyouhadyoursupper?Ihavereadthebooktwicealready.在以上兩種用法中常跟already,not…yet,never,just,before,ever,recently等時間繼續(xù)下去的狀語。八年級下冊現(xiàn)在完成時講解與練習課件313)表示過去已經開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會繼續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內的一段時間的狀語連用。HehasstudiedEnglishfor6years.MaryhasbeenbusysinceshecamebackfromHangzhou..3)表示過去已經開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會繼續(xù)下去的動32過去分詞的構成1.直接加-ed。如：play-played2.以字母e結尾的直接加d。如：name-named3.以輔音字母加y結尾的，變y為i加ed。如：carry-carried4.重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped過去分詞的構成1.直接加-ed。如：play-playe33現(xiàn)在完成時Presentperfect句型1.肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句式是“have（has）＋過去分詞”。注意：該句式中的have或has是助動詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。2.疑問句

現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。（回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．／“No，．．．haven’t（hasn’t）．”）3.否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋過去分詞”。

現(xiàn)在完成時Presentperfect句型1.肯定句34Ihaveeatenmylunch.Shehaseatenherlunch.Hehaseatenhislunch.肯定句Theyhaveeatentheirlunch.Ihaveeatenmylunch.Shehas35Ihavenot(haven’t)seenthefilm.Shehasnot(hasn’t)seenthefilm.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定形式：havenot(haven’t)+過去分詞hasnot(hasn’t)+過去分詞

Ihaven’teatensupper.eat-eatenHehasn’tchangedhisidea.change-changedMymotherhasn’e-come否定句Ihavenot(haven’t)seenthe36I’vealreadyhaddinner.I________________dinner________.2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.He________________hishomework_________.3.Mum’scookedthedinner.Mum_______________thedinner.4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.Susan________________Englishatschool.haven’thadyethasn’t

finishedyethasn’tcookedhasn’tlearned把下列句子改為否定句I’vealreadyhaddinner.haven’37Haveyoueatenyourbreakfast?現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句形式Have/has提前+過去分詞

HaveyouknownSandyforalongtime?Yes,Ihave/No,Ihaven’t.know-knownHassheeatenanythingsince9:00a.m.Yes,shehas/No,shehasn’t.eat-eaten疑問句Haveyoueatenyourbreakfast?38I’vealreadyhaddinner.

2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.

3.Mum’scookedthedinner.4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.Haveyoualreadyhaddinner?Hashejustfinishedhishomework?Hasmumcookedthedinner?HasSusanlearnedEnglishatschool?把下列句子改為一般疑問句I’vealreadyhaddinner.Havey39分清與一般過去時的用法現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的范圍，不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastnight,threeweeksago,in1990等.而一般過去時只表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關系。eg---Ihaveseenthefilm.eg---Isawthefilmlastweek.eg---Hehaslivedheresince1993.eg----Helivedherein1993.分清與一般過去時的用法40Notes:1)havegoneto與havebeentohavegoneto表示某人已離開了原地，去了另外某地，說話時，人已不在原地。后者表示某人曾havebeento去過某地，說話時人已不在某地了。HehasbeentoXi‘antwice.

他曾經去過西安兩次。（已經回來了）Youcan’tfindhim.HehasgonetoXian.

你找不到他。他去西安了。（沒回來）Notes:41動詞填空：1._______you____________(clean)theroom?Yes,we______________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.-______he______(see)thisfilmyet?-Yes.-When_____he_____(see)it?-He______itlastweek.3.-Howmanytimes________you_________(come)here?-Once.HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesawhavecome動詞填空：Havecleanedhavedonediddo424.I____________(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.5.She__________(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?Yes.How______she_______(go)there?She_______(go)therebyair.6.Sofar,manycountries__________________(develop)theirsoftwareprograms.7.MrChen________(give)upsmokinglastyear.8.-_____youever__________(ride)ahorse?-Never.9.He___________(keep)thebooksincetwodaysago.havereadhasgonedidgowenthavedevelopedgaveHaveriddenhaskept4.I____________(read)then43練習題:

1.It'salongtimesincewe____(meet)last,isn'tit?

2.--Iknowyou_____________(choose)apicturebookamongthese.

--Yes,Havealookatit,please.

3.Sofar,spaceshipswithoutpeople_____________(reach)themoonandsomeotherpartsoftheuniverse.

4.Myfather____homefornearlythreeweeks.

A.hasgoneawayfrom

B.hasleft

C.hasbeenawayfrom

D.wentaway

5.Mr.andMrs.Greenhave_____inChinaforaweek.

A.been

B.got

C.arrived

D.reachedmethavechosenhavereachedCA練習題:

methavechosenhavereach44I’vealreadyhaddinner.

2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.

3.Mum’scookedthedinner..4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.

Whathaveyoualreadydone?Whathashejustdone?Whohascookedthedinner?WherehasSusanlearnedEnglish?對劃線部分提問I’vealreadyhaddinner.Whath45（for+表示一段時間的詞組，since+表示過去某一時刻的詞或詞組）謂語只可用延續(xù)性動詞.eg.---I’velivedherefor15years.eg.---I’velivedheresince15yearsago(2003)選用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.Hisfatherhasbeeninthefactory______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere________hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttimeforsinceforsinceforsince（for+表示一段時間的詞組，since+表示過去某一時刻的46當現(xiàn)在完成時與表示短時間的時間狀語連用時，謂語動詞必須使用延續(xù)性動詞。如果謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞則轉化為對應的延續(xù)性動詞。若不是和短時間連用，則不用轉化。英語的行為動詞有持續(xù)性動詞和瞬間性動詞之分，使用中應注意兩者的區(qū)別。

1.持續(xù)性動詞:表示一個動作可以持續(xù)一段時間或更長時間。

常見的study,play,do,read,learn,drive,write,clean,sleep,speak,talk,wait,fly,stay,sit,stand,lie,keep等。

2.瞬間性動詞:表示一個動作發(fā)生在一瞬間，非常短暫。亦稱終止性動詞。

常見的--begin,start,finish,go,come,leave,find,getup,arrive,reach,getto,enter,hear,stop,open,close,become,buy,borrow,lend,happen,join,lose,renew,die,takeaway,putup,setout,puton,geton/off等

3.瞬間性動詞在完成時中如要與表示持續(xù)一段時間的狀語連用，通常用意思相當?shù)某掷m(xù)性動詞來替換

Hehasbeeninthearmy/asoldierforthreeyears.（他參軍已有3年了。）不用hasjoined

Shehasbeenupforquitesometime.

（她起床已有好久了。）不用hasgotup

Hasyourbrotherbeenawayfromhomeforalongtime?（離家已有好久了嗎？）不用hasleft

當現(xiàn)在完成時與表示短時間的時間狀語連用時，謂語動詞必須使用延47常用瞬間動詞相應持續(xù)性動詞關系：

1.eback-beback4.leave-beaway（benothere）5.buy-have6.borrow-keep7.die-bedead8.begin-beon9.finish-beover10.open-beopen11.close-beclosed12.lose-belost13.gettoknow-know14.turnon-beon15.getup-beup16.sitdown-sit/beseated17.join-bein（…）或bea…member18.become-be

4.瞬間動詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用

例如：Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.（好久沒見到你了。）常用瞬間動詞相應持續(xù)性動詞關系：

1.go-beaway48現(xiàn)在完成時考點例析一、考查其構成“助動詞have(has)+動詞過去分詞”構成現(xiàn)在完成時。如：1.Kate‘sneverseenChinesefilms，____?

A.hasn’tsheB.hassheC.isn’tsheD.isshe析：陳述句部分含否定詞never,簡略問句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Katehas的縮寫，故選B。2.Hisunclehasalreadypostedthephotostohim.(改為否定句)Hisuncle______postedthephotostohim______.析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問句中，故填hasn't,yet。3.-AnnhasgonetoShanghai.-So______herparents.

A.hasB.hadC.didD.have析："so+助/系/情態(tài)動詞+主語"結構中的動詞形式應與前句結構中動詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語為herparents是復數(shù),故選D析：因我丟了票的動作發(fā)生在過去，而且對現(xiàn)在造成了我不能參加音樂會的結果，符合現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的含意，故選C。現(xiàn)在完成時考點例析49二、考查其用法與標志詞(一)當句中有never,ever,just,already,yet,before等時，常用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：1.-Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?-______you______yourhomeworkyet?A.Do;finish

B.Are;finishing

C.Did;finish

D.Have;finished2.-______you______anywherebefore?-Yes,butIcan'trememberwhereI______A.Did;surf;surfed

B.Have;surfed;surfedC.Did;surf;havesurfed

D.Have;surfed;havesurfed析：據(jù)yet和before可知,應用現(xiàn)在完成時，故1題選D，2題選D。(二)當句中有"for+段時間"或"since+點時間"等時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，若是非延續(xù)性動詞要改為延續(xù)性動詞或表狀態(tài)的詞(短語)1.HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice______hecametoYunnan.

A.after

B.before

C.since

D.for析：主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時，而從句用的是一般過去時，故選C。2.Tom______theCDplayerfortwoweeks.

A.haslent

B.hasborrowed

C.hasbought

D.hashad析：ABC均為非延續(xù)性動詞，在肯定句中不與表"段時間"的短語連用，故選D。3.I______aletterfromhimsinceheleft.

A.didn'treceive

B.haven'tgot

C.didn'thave

D.haven'theard析：據(jù)since可知，應排除A、C，"hearfromsb.=receive/get/havealetterfromsb."意為"收到某人的來信"，故選B。二、考查其用法與標志詞50三、考查have/hasbeen(to,in)/have/hasgone(to)的區(qū)別。如：1.-Haveyouever______LintongtoseetheTerraCottaWarriors?

-Yes,Ihave.

A.wentto

B.goneto

C.beenin

D.beento析：據(jù)句中的have，排除A，B項意為"去某地了"，C項意為"一直呆在某地"，D項意為"去過某地"，符合題意，故選D。2.Myparents______Shangdongfortenyears.

A.havebeenin

B.havebeento

C.havegoneto

D.havebeen析：本題句中有"for+段時間"結構，據(jù)此可排除C，B項意為"去過某地"，不合題意，D項缺介詞，故選A。三、考查have/hasbeen(to,in)/hav51四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時與其他時態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：1.Sun'saunthasgonetherefortenyears.(改成正確的句子)析：非延續(xù)性動詞與"段時間"連用時，除了把非延續(xù)性動詞改成延續(xù)性動詞外，還可把動詞改為一般過去時或借助句型"It's+段時間+since+從句"進行句子轉換。故答案為：Sun'saunthasbeentherefortenyears./Sun'sauntwenttheretenyearsago./It'stenyearssinceSun'sauntwentthere.2.Susanhasbeeninthiscityformorethantenyears.(改為同義句)

________morethantenyears____Susan______tothiscity.析：據(jù)上題分析，且since引導的從句要用一般過去時，故填Itis,since,came。3.Iwon'tgototheconcertbecauseI____myticket.

A.lost

B.don'tlose

C.havelost

D.iscoming四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時與其他時態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：52Choosethebestanswer.1.Howlonghaveyou_______here?A.comeB.got C.arrivedD.been2.Mygrandpadied_________.A.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2. D.myagewas6.3.Jan