歷年高考賓語從句

資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：高考英語賓語從句一、關(guān)聯(lián)詞

關(guān)聯(lián)詞又稱“連詞”或“引導(dǎo)詞”，是賓語從句的重要組成部分。連詞：1.連接代詞（that，who，whom，what，which）2.連接副詞（when，where，why，how）3.從屬連詞（if，whether）由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)變而來的賓語從句，用if或whether引導(dǎo).在試卷中一般依據(jù)從句中“缺什么補(bǔ)什么”的原則，結(jié)合上下文選用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞。如：

1.Idon’tknowwhowillbeourheadteachernextsemester.缺指人的主語用who，如缺指物的主語則用what。

2.Idoubtwhatmyepalwillwritesoon.缺指物的賓語用what，如缺指人的賓語則用whom。

3.Ithinkthatmydeskmatewillgetthroughallthemajorsubjects.句子不缺成分，用that;如果that后跟有代詞，可省略that。

4.Sheletmeknowwhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.缺時間狀語，用when；缺地點(diǎn)狀語，用where；缺原因狀語，用why；缺方式狀語，用how。

5.Idon’tknowwhich/whattopicIshouldchoose.缺定語，用what或which。

6.Theteacheraskedwhether/ifIwasgettingreadyforthecomingtest.表示“是否（有，能，已經(jīng)……）”等含義，用whether或if。

7.I’dbeinterestedtoknowwhetherhewillseethemovie“Dawn”ornot.強(qiáng)調(diào)是否對比時，用連詞whether。

例1Acomputercanonlydo

_____youhaveinstructedittodo.

A.how

B.afterC.what

D.when

例2Marywroteanarticleon_____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.

A.why

B.whatC.who

D.that

例3Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor________hethoughtwasnotenough.

A.where

B.howC.what

D.which

例4Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto.

A.inwhich

B.inwhat

C.fromwhat

D.fromwhich

例5Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning_____histeammateshaddone.

A.what

B.whichC.why

D.while

二、語序

以從屬連詞（if，whether）、連接代詞（what，which，who，whose）和連接副詞（when，where，how，why）等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句用陳述句語序。

例6Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.

A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike

例7Thebosswentuptoask_____.

A.whatthematterwasB.what’sthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris

三、時態(tài)

賓語從句的時態(tài)要和主句相呼應(yīng):1.如果主句謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句謂語動詞時態(tài)可不受約束；2.如果主句謂語動詞是過去時，從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)須與之呼應(yīng)；Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday.3.當(dāng)從句敘述的是客觀真理時，其謂語動詞仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如：Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.

例8Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets________.

A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked例9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.

A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例10—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon—

No,butsometimesIwishI_________.

A.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto四、賓語從句的減縮式

賓語從句有時可減縮為“疑問詞+不定式”的形式。

例11I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.

A.expected

B.toexpectC.tobeexpecting

D.expects

例12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows________.

A.itwhattodowith

B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit

D.todowhatwithit例13Themotherdidn’tknow_____toblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.

A.who

B.when

C.how

D.what

五、賓語從句的特殊式

1.復(fù)合連接代詞在賓語從句中的使用。如：

Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.（whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho）

ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.（whatever=anythingthat）

Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在此處是泛指，不可被what替代。而“Ican’trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。

2.it作形式賓語，從句作真正賓語。

（1）動詞+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause。thatclause中謂語動詞前可加should，亦可省略。如：

Ithinkitimportantthatyou（should）attendtheconference.

（2）動詞+it+as+名詞/形容詞+clause。如：

Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.

（3）動詞+it+介詞+thatclause。常見的有：oweittosb.+thatclause（把……歸功于某人），leaveittosb.+thatclause（把……留給某人去做），takeitforgranted

+thatclause（想當(dāng)然），keepitinmind

+thatclause（記住……）。如：

Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe’dalwaysbearound.

（4）動詞+it+clause。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.

英語中少數(shù)介詞很活躍，能帶從句作其賓語。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitrains.

3.含賓語從句的反意疑問句。

當(dāng)陳述部分帶有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，疑問部分的主語和謂語一般應(yīng)與陳述部分主句的主語和謂語保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。如：

Briantoldyouthattherewasn’tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn’the?

當(dāng)陳述部分主句的主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是think

/

believe

/

suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel等時，疑問部分的主語和謂語往往與陳述部分從句中的主語和謂語保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系，此時實質(zhì)上是將對主句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到對從句的否定上。如：

Idon’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,willthey?

4.兩個及以上表示陳述的賓語從句并列時，第一個連詞that可以省略，但第二個及以后的不可省。如：Hetoldme（that）theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.

5.主語+be+形容詞+clause。如：I’mafraidthatIcan’tpromiseyouanything.

例14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept________helphecanget.

A.whichever

B.howeverC.whatever

D.whenever例15_____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.

A.Who

B.Theone

C.Anyone

D.Whoever例16I’dappreciate_______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.

A.that

B.it

C.this

D.you例17—Idon’tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSA______you

—______.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.

A.had;Yes

B.do;YesC.have;No

D.were;No例18Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_______hewasamanofaction.

A.which

B.thatC.what

D.whether賓語從句練習(xí)題類型一：引導(dǎo)詞的運(yùn)用（1）Idon’tknow___________ornot．A．whetherheisathomeB．ifheisathomeC．thatheisathomeD．whetherisheathome（2）Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine．A．whichB．whetherC．ifD．that（3）Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin．A．whichB．whereC．ifD．that（4）Idon’tknow________Mr．Greenwillcometoseeus．He’llhelpuswithourEnglish．A．whyB．whenC．howD．where（5）－－Becareful！Don’tbreakthebottles．Doyouhear______IsaidDavid

－－Yes，MumA．whatB．thatC．whyD．if（6）－－－Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?－－－HemayliveatNO．18orNo．19ofBridgeStreet．I’mnotsureof______．A．where，whichB．where，whatC．what，whichD．what，where（7）Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo．Ireallydon’tknow_____．A．whatshouldIchooseB．whichIshouldchooseC．whichshouldIchooseD．whatIshouldchoose類型二：賓語從句的語序（1）Didyoufindout______A．shewaslookingforwhosechildB．whosechildwasshelookingforC．whosechildsheislookingforD．whosechildshewaslookingfor（2）Areyouinterestedin_____A．howdidhedoitB．hedidithowC．howhediditD．hehowdidit（3）Idon’tknow_____．Canyoutellme?A．howthetwoplayersareoldB．howoldarethetwoplayersC．thetwoplayersarehowoldD．howoldthetwoplayersare（4）－－－Whatdidthescientistsay?－－－Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday．A．hehadtoflyB．hecouldflyC．canheflyD．couldhefly（5）Excuseme，sir．Couldyoutellme____A．WherethebanknearestB．whereisthenearestbankC．wherethenearestbankisD．thenearestbankiswhere（6）SheaskedTom________withhiscar?A．whatthematterwasB．whatthematterisC．whatwasthematterD．whatisthematter類型三：時態(tài)（1）It’s7：30．Ican’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet，Sally．A．haven’tstartedB．didn’tC．don’tstartD．hadn’tstarted（2）TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25____ChristmasDay．A．isB．wasC．hasbeenD．willbe（3）Theteachersaidthattheearth_______roundthesun．A．goesB．goC．wentD．willgo（4）We’dliketotellyouthatyou______theexam．A．havepassedB．hadpassedC．passD．willpass（5）“Couldyoutellme______”“Yes．They____tothelibrary．”A．wherearethetwins，havebeenB．wherewerethetwins，havebeenC．wherethetwinsare，havegoneD，wherethetwinswere，havegone（6）Ourfathersaidthathe______anewcomputernextweek．A．willbuyB．haveboughtC．wouldbuyD．buys（7）Ihearthathe______toBeijingyesterday．A．goesB．willgoC．wentD．havegone類型四：其他－－－反意疑問句，it做形式賓語（1）．Idon’tthinkheisright，__________A．isn’theB．isheC．doID．don’tI（2）．Hebelievessheisright，__________A．doesn’theB．doesheC．issheD．isn’tshe（3）．Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball，__________A．didn’theB．didheC．didID．didn’tI（4）．Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday．A．itB．thisC．thatD．what（5）．Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift．A．howtheywereexcitedB．howexcitedtheywereC．howexcitedweretheyD．theywerehowexcited高考題1．—Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?—Theyalwaysletmedo________IthinkIshould．（06全國Ⅱ）A．whenB．thatC．howD．what2．Pleaseremindme_________hesaidhewasgoing．Imaybeintimetoseehimoff．A．whereB．whenC．howD．what（06全國Ⅰ）3．Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame．（05全國卷）A．whyB．whatC．whoD．that4．SomeoneisringingthedoorbellGoandsee________．（2000上海）A．whoisheB．whoheisC．whoisitD．whoitis5．——Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime．——Whatdoyouconsider_______toher（NMET1990）A．washappeningB．tohappenC．hashappenedD．happening答案類型一：ABABACB類型二DCDBCC類型三AAAACCC類型四BAAAB高考題DBADC例題解析：例1解析：待選項在從句中充當(dāng)todo的賓語，故選C。例2解析：由于從句中句意清楚，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故可排除B、C項；D項用于賓語從句時只起引導(dǎo)詞的作用，無詞義，同時不充當(dāng)任何成分，而題干上下文表示因果關(guān)系，故選A。例3解析：根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，for后面的從句缺少主語，故答案為C。例4解析：答案為C。本題為詞組bedifferentfrom后跟what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，不要誤看作定語從句而選D。例5解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知mention后為賓語從句；do作實意動詞時為及物動詞，故空格處需要既能作do的賓語，又能引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞，答案為A。

例6解析：B項是特殊疑問句語序，有悖于賓語從句的陳述語序；C、D項句法、句意均不妥；A項是陳述句語序，故正確。例7解析：A項易被判斷成陳述句語序，頗具迷惑性。實際上，從句中的what作主語，was為系動詞，thematter是表語。B、D項時態(tài)錯誤，C項正確。

例8解析：本題主句的謂語動詞是過去時，從句中的事件先于主句的事件發(fā)生，且是被動，故選B。例9解析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞soon可知動作尚未發(fā)生，又因主句謂語動詞made為過去時，故選B。例10解析：答案為D。wish后接賓語從句，其謂語動詞要用虛擬形式。

例11解析：賓語從句減縮式“疑問詞+不定式”是解題關(guān)鍵。選項C是不定式的進(jìn)行時，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作“正在進(jìn)行”，不符合題意，故選B。例12解析：“疑問詞+不定式”作及物動詞know的賓語，選項中it代替了theland，故正確答案為C。例13解析：B、C、D項的疑問詞用錯，故選A。

例14解析：本題考查的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句，同時作get的賓語。B、D兩項在句中是作狀語的；由于沒有給出明確的指代物，故A項也不合適；答案為C。例15解析：whoever=anyone（anybody/anyperson/he）who，答案為D。例16解析：答案為B。某些動詞和動詞短語（如appreciate，like，hate，seeto等）后面不能直接帶從句，往往需先插入it再帶that，if或when引導(dǎo)的從句。例17解析：本句帶有推測的意味，疑問部分的謂語不能用情態(tài)動詞。couldhavebeen表示對過去的推測，故疑問部分的謂語應(yīng)用were與之對應(yīng)，應(yīng)選D。例18解析：因從句hewasamanofaction為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，且表達(dá)肯定意義，不缺少句子成分，故選B項。高中賓語從句練習(xí)題及答案詳解1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______

A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfoundedA.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherdayA.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountryA.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter31.Thereason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.thatB.whichC.itD.though41.---Didyouasktheguard_______happened---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars_______increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburnA.thatB./C.whichD.it46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______hecouldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweekA.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich50.Allthatcanbeeaten_______eatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen1.A.which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。2．C."和誰講話”要說speaktosb.本題全句應(yīng)為DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。3.D.where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。4.C.when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。5．A.which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。6．C.解析同第5題。7.A.解析見第3題。8.A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動語態(tài)havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則theone應(yīng)該視為先行詞。9.A.“談到某事物”應(yīng)說talkaboutsth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。10.A.withwhich是"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu),常用來引導(dǎo)定語從句.with有"用"的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定語從句中作狀語,即heiswritingwithapen.11.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在從句中作狀語.12.D.withwhom引導(dǎo)定語從句.withwhom放在從句中即為:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.13.D.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中作主語family的定語.14.A.that引導(dǎo)定語從句,因為先行詞是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo).15.D.thesame……..as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本句話中,as作從句的主語.16.D.such………as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本題中,as作表語.17.B.as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨(dú)用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。這時as所指代的不是主句中某個名詞，而往往指代整個主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語.18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定語從句.withwhom放在從句中為:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.19.C.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時,要用sucha……..,本題中suchbooks,such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時,其關(guān)系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語.22.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.23.D.先行詞person后有兩個定語從句,第一個從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因為,whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個從句whocoulddoit.who在從句中作主語,不可省略.24.A.whosetitle引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,whosetitle也可以說成thetitleofwhich25.A.forwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句,使用介詞for,是來自于從句中的固定短語befamousfor"以……..而聞名".26.C.當(dāng)先行詞被such修飾時,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞要用as.As在本從句中作主語.27.A.兩個先行詞theday都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關(guān)系副詞when.第二個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語從句中，常用that來代替“in(或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that?？墒÷浴?9.D.forwhich在定語從句中作原因狀語,可用why來替代.30.B.whichIhavelookedafter構(gòu)成一個非限制性定語從句.31.A.Thereasonwhy…wasthat….已成為一種固定句型，這一句中的why和that不能隨意換位，也不能將that改成because，盡管that這個詞在譯文中可能有“因為”的含義。32.B.非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義.33.A.解釋見28題.34.D.主句中的two表明不能選A.從句中的are表明不能選B.bothofwhich用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句.35.C.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。本題中as作從句的主語.36.B.非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義.37.D.38.D.解析見35題.39.A.hemakes是定語從句,從句前省略了關(guān)系代詞that.40.B.whichisabadhabit非限制性定語從句.41.A.whathappened是賓語從句.all之后thatheknew是定語從句.先行詞是all,所以關(guān)系代詞只能用that.42.D.years是表示時間的名詞,用when引導(dǎo)定語從句,是因為when在從句中作時間狀語.第二個空選用which,引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句.43.C.本句話的定語從句是whoowncars.其先行詞是people,因此,定語從句的謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)的own。本句話主句的主語是Thenumberof指“…..的數(shù)目”，是單數(shù)概念。因此，主句的謂語動詞要用is。44.D.thatfollowed是定語從句，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語。45.A.先行詞gas被only修飾，關(guān)系代詞要用that，而不用which。46.B.throughwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句，throughwhich即throughthehole,在定語從句中作狀語。What引導(dǎo)的是see的賓語從句，并作從句的主語。47.B.為便于理解，改寫本句話：ThisistheschoolthatsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.不難看出，作表語的theschool是先行詞。that引導(dǎo)了定語從句，因為that同時又作visited的賓語，所以被省略了。其它選項結(jié)構(gòu)不對。48.A.解釋見35題。49.C.因為是twoballpens,并且定語從句的謂語writes是單數(shù)概念。因此，C是正確選項。50.B.本句話中，主句的主語是all,為抽象概念。因此，其謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)的hasbeen。關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作主語。1-5CADAC6-10ABCBA11-15DDCAB16-20DABAD21-25CABBA

26-30BCCBD31-35BACDD36-40ADCDD41-45CCBAD46-50DBCBD

51-53CDD高中定語從句詳細(xì)講解（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語

1．定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。

2．先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。

3．關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。

關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,

which,

who,

whom,

whose,

as等；關(guān)系副詞有when,

where,

why等。

關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個作用：A、引導(dǎo)定語從句；B、代替先行詞；C、在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。例如：

The

man

who

is

shaking

hands

with

my

father

is

a

policeman.

該句中，who

is

shaking

hands

with

my

father

是定語從句，修飾先行詞the

man，

“who”是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞，代替先行詞the

man，在定語從句中作主語。（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1．who

指人，在定語從句中作主語。

The

boys

who

are

playing

football

are

from

Class

One.

正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

Those

who

want

to

go

to

the

museum

must

be

at

the

school

gate

at

7

tomorrow

morning.

想去博物館的人必須在明晨7點(diǎn)到大門口集合。

Yesterday

I

helped

an

old

man

who

had

lost

his

way.

昨天我?guī)椭艘晃幻月返睦先恕?/p>

That

is

the

teacher

who

teaches

us

physics.

那就是教我們物理的老師。

2．whom

指人，在定語從句中做賓語，常可省略。

Mr

Liu

is

the

person

(

whom

)

you

talked

about

on

the

bus.

劉先生就是你們在公共汽車上談?wù)摰哪莻€人。

Li

Ming

is

just

the

boy

(

whom

)

I

want

to

see.

李明正是我想要見的男孩。The

professor

(

whom

)

you

are

waiting

for

has

come.

你正在等的教授已經(jīng)來了。

The

girl

(

whom

)

the

teacher

often

praises

is

our

monitor.

老師經(jīng)常表揚(yáng)的那個女孩是我們的班長。

注意：關(guān)系代詞whom

在口語或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho

來代替，也可省略。

The

man

(

whom

/

who

)you

met

just

now

is

my

old

friend.3．Which

指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時?？墒÷?。

Football

is

a

game

which

is

liked

by

most

boys.

足球是大多數(shù)男孩所喜歡的運(yùn)動。

The

factory

which

makes

computers

is

far

away

from

here.

制造計算機(jī)的那家公司離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。

He

likes

to

read

books

which

are

written

by

foreign

writers.

他喜歡外國作家寫的書。

The

house

which

is

by

the

lake

looks

nice.

湖邊的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。

This

is

the

pen

(

which

)

he

bought

yesterday.

這是他昨天買的鋼筆。

The

film

(

which

)

they

went

to

see

last

night

was

not

interesting

at

all.

他們昨晚看的電影一點(diǎn)意思也沒有。

4．That

指人時，相當(dāng)于who

或whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which.。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時?？墒÷浴?/p>

The

number

of

people

that

/

who

come

to

visit

this

city

each

year

reaches

one

million.

每年來參觀這座城市的人數(shù)達(dá)一百萬。Where

is

the

man

that

/

whom

I

saw

this

morning

我今天早上看到的那個人在哪兒The

person

that

/whom

you

introduced

to

me

is

very

kind.

你介紹給我的那個人很友好。

The

season

that

/

which

comes

after

spring

is

summer.

春天以后的季節(jié)是夏季。

Yesterday

I

received

a

letter

that

/

which

came

from

Australia.

昨天我收到了一封來自澳大利亞的信。

5．Whose

通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。

I

visited

a

scientist

whose

name

is

known

all

over

the

country.

我拜訪了一個全國知名的科學(xué)家。

He

has

a

friend

whose

father

is

a

doctor.

他有一個爸爸當(dāng)醫(yī)生的朋友。

I

once

lived

in

the

house

whose

roof

has

fallen

in.

我曾經(jīng)住在那幢屋頂已經(jīng)倒塌了的房子里。

注意：指物時，常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來代替：

The

classroom

whose

door

is

broken

will

soon

be

repaired.

The

classroom

the

door

of

which

is

broken

will

soon

be

repaired.

Do

you

like

the

book

whose

cover

is

yellow?

Do

you

like

the

book

the

cover

of

which

is

yellow?

（三）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句

關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。

The

school

(which

/

that)

he

once

studied

in

is

very

famous.

The

school

in

which

he

once

studied

is

very

famous.

他曾經(jīng)就讀過的學(xué)校很出名。

Tomorrow

I’ll

bring

here

the

magazine

(which

/

that)

you

asked

for.

Tomorrow

I’ll

bring

here

the

magazine

for

which

you

asked.明天我將把你要的雜志帶來。

This

is

the

boy

(whom

/

who

/

that)

I

played

tennis

with

yesterday.

This

is

the

boy

with

whom

I

played

tennis

with

yesterday.

這是我昨天跟他打臺球的男孩。

We’ll

go

to

hear

the

famous

singer

(whom

/

who

/

that)

we

have

often

talked

about.

We’ll

go

to

hear

the

famous

singer

about

whom

we

have

often

talked.我們將去聽那位我們經(jīng)常談?wù)摰闹璩已莩?/p>

The

manager

whose

company

I

work

in

pays

much

attention

to

improving

our

working

conditions.

The

manager

in

whose

company

I

work

pays

much

attention

to

improving

our

working

conditions.

我工作的那家公司的經(jīng)理十分注意改善我們的工作條件。

注意：１．

含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面。如：look

for,

look

after,

take

care

of

等。

This

is

the

watch

(which

/

that)

I

am

looking

for.

(正)

這是我正在找的手表。

This

is

the

watch

for

which

I

am

looking

.

(誤)

The

babies

(whom

/

who

/

that)

the

nurse

is

looking

after

are

very

healthy.

(正)

那個保姆照看的小寶寶們都很健康。

The

babies

after

whom

the

nurse

is

looking

are

very

healthy.

（誤）

２．若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可用who,

that；關(guān)系代詞指物時只可用which，不可用that。關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose。

The

man

with

whom

you

talked

just

now

is

my

neighbour.

(正)

你剛才跟他談話的那個人是我的鄰居。

The

man

with

that

/

who

you

talked

just

now

is

my

neighbour.

(誤)

The

plane

in

which

we

flew

to

Canada

was

really

comfortable.

(正)我們?nèi)ゼ幽么笏俗娘w機(jī)實在很舒服。

The

plane

in

that

we

flew

to

Canada

was

really

comfortable.

(誤)

３．“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有some,

any,

none,

all,

both,

neither,

many,

most,

each,

few等代詞或者數(shù)詞。如：

He

loves

his

parents

deeply,

both

of

whom

are

very

kind

to

him.

他深深地愛著他的父母，他們倆待他都很好。

In

the

basket

there

are

quite

many

apples,

some

of

which

have

gone

bad.

籃子里有好些蘋果，有些已經(jīng)壞了。

There

are

forty

students

in

our

class

in

all,

most

of

whom

are

from

big

cities.

我們班總共有４０個學(xué)生，大多數(shù)來自大城市。

Up

to

now,

he

has

written

ten

stories,

three

of

which

are

about

country

life.

迄今為止，他寫了１０部小說，其中３部是關(guān)于農(nóng)村生活的。詞＋關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句特例

1)......，...of+關(guān)系代詞。2)which代替this/that/the

（四）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1．

when

指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。

I

still

remember

the

day

when

I

first

came

to

this

school.

我仍然記得我第一次來到這所學(xué)校的那一天。

The

time

when

we

got

together

finally

arrived.

我們團(tuán)聚的時刻終于到了。

October

1,

1949

was

the

day

when

the

People’s

Republic

of

China

was

founded.

1949年10月1日是中華人民共和國成立的日子。

Do

you

remember

the

years

when

he

lived

in

the

countryside

with

his

grandparents.

你還記得在農(nóng)村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年嗎？

2．

where

指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。

Shanghai

is

the

city

where

I

was

born.

上海是我出生的城市。

The

house

where

I

lived

ten

years

ago

has

been

pulled

down.

我十年前住的房子已經(jīng)被拆掉了。

I

visited

the

farm

where

a

lot

of

cows

were

raised

.

我參觀了那個飼養(yǎng)了許多奶牛的農(nóng)場。

Is

this

the

place

where

they

fought

the

enemy

這是他們當(dāng)初打敵人的地方嗎

3．

why

指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。

Please

tell

me

the

reason

why

you

missed

the

plane.

請告訴我你誤機(jī)的原因。

The

reason

why

he

was

punished

is

unknown

to

us.

他受懲罰的原因我們都不知道。

I

don’t

know

the

reason

why

he

looks

unhappy

today.

我不知道他今天為什么看上去不愉快。

注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句經(jīng)?？梢杂谩敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句來表示。如：

From

the

years

when

/

in

which

he

was

going

to

primary

school

in

the

country

he

had

known

what

he

wanted

to

be

when

he

grew

up.

自從他在農(nóng)村讀小學(xué)時，他就已經(jīng)知道長大后要做什么。

Great

changes

are

taking

place

in

the

city

where

/

in

which

they

live.

他們生活的城市正發(fā)生巨大的變化。

The

reason

why

/

for

which

he

refused

the

invitation

is

quite

clear.

他為什么拒絕接受邀請的原因是十分明了的。

（五）限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

限制性定語從句形式上：不用逗號“，”與主句隔開。意義上：是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達(dá)不完整。譯法上：譯成先行詞的定語：“．．．的”關(guān)系詞的使用上：A．作賓語時可省略B．可用thatC．可用who

代替whom

非限制性定語從句

形式上：用逗號“，”與主句隔開。

意義上：只是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思。

譯法上：通常譯成主句的并列句。

關(guān)系詞的使用上：A．不可省略B．不用thatC．不可用who

代替whom

限制性定語從句舉例：

The

teacher

told

me

that

Tom

was

the

only

person

that

I

could

depend

on.

老師告訴我說湯姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。

China

is

a

country

which

has

a

long

history.

中國是一個歷史悠久的國家。

In

the

street

I

saw

a

man

who

was

from

Africa.

在街上我看到一個來自非洲的人。

非限制性定語從句舉例

：

His

mother,

who

loves

him

very

much,

is

strict

with

him.

他媽媽十分地愛他，對他要求很嚴(yán)格。

China,

which

was

founded

in

1949,

is

becoming

more

and

more

powerful.

中國是1949年成立的，

現(xiàn)在正變得越來越強(qiáng)大。

Last

summer

I

visited

the

People’s

Great

Hall,

in

which

many

important

meetings

are

held

every

year.

去年夏天，我參觀了人民大會堂，在那兒每年都要舉行許多重要會議。

（一）限制性定語從句中只能用that

引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況

1．當(dāng)先行詞是everything,

anything,

nothing

(something

除外),

all,

none,

few,

little,

some等不定代詞時，或當(dāng)先行詞受every,

any,

all,

some,

no,

little,

few,

much等代詞修飾時。如：

Have

you

taken

down

everything

that

Mr.

Li

said

李老師講的你都記下來了嗎

There

seems

to

be

nothing

that

is

impossi