2020版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 題型重組專題練7 閱讀理解-科技類、完形-說明文

題型重組專題練七（閱讀：科技類；完形：說明文）I?閱讀理解A（2020?青島市統(tǒng)一考試）Inacomputerage,abroadbandInternetconnectionisverypopularnow.Whethercableormobilebroadband,today'sconnectionsaremanytimesfasterthanthoseintheearlydays.Videosplaysmoothly,complexwebsitesloadquickly,andfilesdownloadmuchfasterthantenyearsago.Andthefilesaremuchbiggertoo.There'sahiddenproblem：youhavetolivenearenoughtoamajorcitytogetbroadbandInternet.Ifyoudon't,it'sslowdialupaccessforyou.Andforthoselivingreallyfaraway，theremaybenoInternetaccessatall.Technologyexpertsoftentalkaboutthe“l(fā)astmile”problem,whichreferstothedifficultyofbringingInternetaccesstoremotelocations.Incitiesandsuburbs（郊區(qū)），it'srelativelyeasytoprovideaccessforeveryone.Itismuchmoredifficulttodeliveraccesstothoselivingfarfromcities，especiallyindevelopingcountries.Internetserviceproviders，fortheirpart，havebeenreluctanttoprovideaccesstosparsely?。ㄊ璧兀﹑opulatedareas.ThehandfulofInternetuserstheywouldreachwouldn'tcovertheexpense.Buteveryyear，technologicaladvancementsallowofmoreandmoreInternetusers.MostbroadbandconnectionstodayrunoverexistingcableTVandtelephonelinesalthoughthesetechnologiesaren'tavailableeverywhere.SomecompanieshavedeliveredtheInternetoverstandardpowerlines.Advancementsincheaperandmoreefficientfiberopticcables（光纜）promisetobringextremelyfastInternetconnectionstomoreusers.Still.the“l(fā)astmile”problemremainshardtodealwith.Therewillalwaysbesomewherethatdoesn'thaveanaffordablebroadbandconnection.Butsomedaythatmightnotmatter.Iftherapidprogressincellphonetechnologyhasanyindication,itmaynotbetoolongbeforeanInternetconnectionsimplyfollowsyouwhereveryougo.【答案速查】1－4CDBA【語篇解讀】如今互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展迅速，這使得越來越多的人能夠用上網(wǎng)絡(luò)。但是在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入仍然是個問題，文章就如何解決這一問題給出了說明。1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Internetconnectionshavebeenpopulareverywhere.B．Internetserviceprovidersarewillingtocareaboutruralcustomers.C．TheproblemofInternetaccesshasn'tbeencompletelydealtwith.D．Computerscan'tbecomepopularindevelopingcountries.【解析】正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“There'sahiddenproblem：youhavetolivenearenoughtoamajorcitytogetbroadbandInternet.Ifyoudon't,it'sslowdialupaccessforyou.Andforthoselivingreallyfaraway，theremaybenoInternetaccessatall."可知，離大城市較遠(yuǎn)的地區(qū)有可能根本無法使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，即互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入問題還沒有完全得到解決，故選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緾2．Paragraph4mainlytellsusthattechnologicaladvancements.A．makeTVandtelephoneavailableeverywhereB．bringgreatchangetopeople'severydaylifeC．bringfasterInternetconnectionstousersD．makeitpossibleformorepeopletousetheInternet【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Buteveryyear,technologicaladvancementsallowofmoreandmoreInternetusers."可知，科技的進(jìn)步使得越來越多的人可以使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，故選D項(xiàng)。答案】D3．Whatmayeventuallysettlethe“l(fā)astmile”problem?A．Thebroadbandconnection'sgettingfaster.B．Therapidprogressincellphonetechnology.C．MoreandmoreInternetconnections.D．MoreandmoreInternetusers.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“ftherapidprogressincellphonetechnologyhasanyindication，itmaynotbetoolongbeforeanInternetconnectionsimplyfollowsyouwhereveryougo."可知，如果手機(jī)科技的飛速進(jìn)步有任何的跡象，那就不用太久，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入就將跟著你到任何地方，故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緽4．Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe“"．A．InternetConnectionProblemsB．InternetConnectionsNeedImprovingC．ProgressinInternetConnectionsD．InternetConnectionsToday【解析】主旨大意題。文章講述了在因特網(wǎng)迅速發(fā)展的今天，也存在問題，即部分偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)還不能使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，最后介紹了如何解決這一問題，故A項(xiàng)“因特網(wǎng)連接問題"最適合作文章標(biāo)題。【答案】AB（2020?西寧三校聯(lián)考）Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Braincomputerinterface（BCI）technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated展示）asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson'sthoughts.Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord（脊髓）tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles.”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp（頭皮）andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.Prof.Millan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories：communication，andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.【答案速查】5－8DCBC【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科技說明文。為了幫助殘疾人用大腦去操控機(jī)器，科學(xué)家們正在致力于研發(fā)BCI技術(shù)。5．HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?A．Bycontrollinghismuscles.B．Bytalkingtothemachine.C．Bymovinghishand.D．Byusinghismind.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts."可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室，Tavella通過大腦里移動他的左右手的想法就能操作這個輪椅。他甚至還能一邊看著輪椅并用他的思想指示輪椅，一邊和別人交談。因此Tavella是利用自己的思想來操作輪椅的。故選D?！敬鸢浮緿6．WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?scalpfcomputerfcap—wheelchaircomputer—cap—scalp—wheelchairscalpfcapfcomputerfwheelchaircap—computer—scalp—wheelchair【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容“Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp頭皮）andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair..."可知，研究人員為用戶設(shè)計(jì)了一種特殊的帽子，它會接收來自頭皮的信號并將其傳給電腦。電腦會解讀這些信號，并指揮機(jī)動輪椅。故選C?！敬鸢浮緾7.Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto.makeprofitsfromthemprovethetechnologyusefultothemmakethemlivelongerlearnabouttheirphysicalcondition【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Oneistestingwithrealpatients，soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.可知，在病人身上進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)是他們團(tuán)隊(duì)工作的一個目標(biāo)，以便證明這項(xiàng)技術(shù)對廣大病人有用。故選B。【答案】B8．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenterB．NewFindingsaboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC．BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD．RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries【解析】標(biāo)題概括題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Braincomputerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.”及下文介紹的最近的一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明可知，本文開篇點(diǎn)題，介紹了科學(xué)家研究的新技術(shù)BCI對殘疾人大有裨益。故選C。【答案】CII.完形填空(2020?石家莊一模)Communicationisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.Manyofusare__1_toshareourexperiencesoremotionswithourfriends.Butwhenit'sourturntolenda(n)__2__,wesoonbecomeboredorareshortofideasonhowto__3__andofferadvice.That'sbecauseofwhatresearcherscall“l(fā)istenerburnout(精疲力竭)”.Afriendmighttalktous__4―,oftencomplainingaboutthesame__5__problems.Whenweofferquickadviceto__6―thesituation,wemaybeunconsciouslytryingto7ourselvesfromburnout.However,goodlisteners__8__theirnaturaltendencytosolvetheother'sproblemshurriedlyandtokeeptheconversationbrief.Tobeagood__9__youneedtouse“activelistening”.Itstartswiththereal__10__tohelpothersandthinkthroughtheirfeelings.Don't__11things.Youcanstartbyputtingyourphone12__andsittingclosetoyourfriend.Letyourfacialexpressions__13whatheorsheis

saying.__14__youareabletofullyunderstand,acknowledgetheotherperson's15byreflectingthemback：“Thatmustbereallyhardforyou."Use16wordsorevensoundssuchas“yes"“right",and“hmm"to__17theotherpersontocontinue.Ofcourse,a__18canbeextremelyhardiftheotherpersonistoocritical.Butdon'tgetdefensive.Effectivelistenersdon'tnegativecriticism.Instead,theylistenandunderstandwhatthepersonistryingtoconvey__20__responding.【答案速查】1－5DCABB6－10ABDCC11－15BACAD16－20DCADB【語篇解讀】交流在人際關(guān)系中起著重要的作用,許多人都愿意和朋友分享自己的經(jīng)歷或情感,但是如何做一個善聽者呢？文章對這個問題進(jìn)行了說明。1．A.afraidB．hesitantC．shyD．eager【解析】我們許多人都渴望和朋友分享自己的經(jīng)歷或感情。beeagertodosth.“渴望做某事”?！敬鸢浮緿2．A.shoulderB．handC．earD．eye【解析】lendanear為固定短語，意思為“傾聽"。答案】C3．A.respondB．explainC．a(chǎn)rgueD．quit【解析】根據(jù)“andofferadvice"可知，我們對如何做出反應(yīng)(respond)和提供建議沒有了主意?！敬鸢浮緼【答案】A4．A.aimlesslyC．deliberatelyB．endlesslyD．cautiouslyC．desireC．desireD．a(chǎn)bility解析】由下文的“經(jīng)常抱怨同樣老生常談的問題”可知，這里應(yīng)該是無休止地(endlessly)對我們談這些。【答案】B5．A.difficultB．oldC．a(chǎn)cuteD．sensitive【解析】參見上題解析。【答案】B6．A.fixB．discussC．createD．describe【解析】由“offerquickadvice"可知，應(yīng)選fix,【答案】A7．A.forgiveB．protect表示“解決”。D．preventC．discourageD．prevent【解析】protectsb./sth.fromsth.表示“保護(hù)某人/某事免于某事"，符合語境。答案】BB．displayD．overcomeB．displayD．overcomeC．form【解析】然而，好的傾聽者會克服(overcome)他們的自然傾向來迅速解決他人的問題。【答案】D9．A.readerB．partnerC．listenerD．spe