小學(xué)五年級下英語語法總結(jié)

小學(xué)五年級下英語語法總結(jié)小學(xué)五年級下英語語法總結(jié)小學(xué)五年級下英語語法總結(jié)資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月小學(xué)五年級下英語語法總結(jié)版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：英語時(shí)態(tài)語法（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)）一．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成：主語+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分Wearehavinglunch.Heisreadingabook.Thedogisrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首Arewehavinglunch?

Ishereadingabook?

Isthedogrunningafteracat?

Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?

★變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notWearenothavinglunch.Heisnotreadingabook.Thedogisnotrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★特殊疑問句：what,which,how,where,who,etc疑問詞+動(dòng)詞+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞Whatareyoudoing?

Whatisshedoing?

Whatisthedogdoing?

沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞（必背）表示狀態(tài)，思想，感情和感覺的動(dòng)詞不能表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示感覺，感官的詞：see,hear,like,love,wanthave,has當(dāng)”擁有”講時(shí)沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)二．一般過去式：表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastnight,thedaybeforeyesterday,3daysago構(gòu)成：含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^去式，am,is的過去式為was，are的過去式為wereIwasatthebutcher’s.Youwereastudentayearago.Theteacherwasverybeautifultenyearsago.★變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首Wereyouatthebutcher’s?

Wereyouastudentayearago?

Wastheteacherverybeautifultenyearsago?

★變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notIwasnotatthebutcher’s.Youwerenotastudentayearago.Theteacherwasnotverybeautifultenyearsago.★肯定回答/否定回答Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasnot.Yes,youwere./No,youwerenot.Yes,he/shewas./No,he/shewasnot.★特殊疑問句Whatdidyoudo?

（必背）不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^去式Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboywenttoarestaurant.TheSawyerslivedatKingStreetayearago.★變疑問句在句首加did,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虳idyoufinishyourhomeworkyesterday?

Didtheboygotoarestaurant?

DidtheSawyersliveatKingStreetayearago?

★變否定句在主語和動(dòng)詞之間加didnotIdidnotfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboydidnotgotoarestaurant.TheSawyersdidnotliveatKingStreetayearago.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Yes,hedid.No,hedidn’t.Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.三．過去完成時(shí)用法：在過去的時(shí)間里，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在前的那個(gè)動(dòng)作要用過去完成時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：had+過去分詞Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,shewentshopping.TheyhadsoldthecarbeforeIaskedtheprice.ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedatthestation.After/before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號，如果放在主句后則不用加。1.變疑問句：將助動(dòng)詞移到句首Hadshefinishedherhomework?2.變否定句：在助動(dòng)詞后面加notShehadn’tfinishedherhomework.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,shehad.No,shehadn’t.特殊疑問句：Whathadshedone?四．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：主語+助動(dòng)詞have,has+過去分詞用法：表示過去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作，常和just,usually,already,since等時(shí)間副詞連用Ihavejusthadlunch.（飽了，不用再吃了）Hehashadacupoftea.（不渴了，不用再喝）Theyhavealreadyhadtheirholiday.（不能再度假了）Theboyhasalreadyreadthebook.（已經(jīng)知道書的內(nèi)容了，不用再看了）詢問別人是否做過某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?

HaveyoubeentoBeijing?

Haveheseenthefilm?

表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作IhavelivedinBeijingfortwentyyears.Ihaveworkedforthisschoolfor1year.表示一種經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)：去過。。。地方，做過。。。事情，經(jīng)歷過。。。事情Ihaveneverseenafilm.Ihaveneverbeentocinema.IhaveeverbeentoParis.Havebeento表示去過，havegoneto表示去了IhavebeentoLondon.（人已經(jīng)回來）HehasgonetoLondon.（人還在那里）表示一種結(jié)果，一般不和時(shí)間副詞聯(lián)用Ihavelostmypen.Ihavehurtmyself.Hehasbecomeateacher.Shehasbrokenmyheart.句型變化：★變疑問句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首，變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notHaveyoulostyourpen

Ihavenotlostmypen.

★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Ihave.No,Ihavenot.★特殊疑問句：Whathaveyoudone?

Whathashedone?

一般過去式與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：凡是有明確的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語的句子為過去時(shí)注意：有些動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作有一個(gè)終點(diǎn)，不能再延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時(shí)間狀語連用。錯(cuò)：I’veleftBeijingfor3days.對：IleftBeijing3daysago.IhavebeenawayfromBeijingfor3days.五．一般將來時(shí)表示將來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，經(jīng)常和tomorrow,nextyear,thedayaftertomorrow,theyearafterthenext,infivehours'time,etc.表示將來的詞聯(lián)用。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形IwillgotoAmericatomorrow.ThepilotwillflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.Jackwillmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning.★變疑問句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首WillyougotoAmericatomorrowWillthepilotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenextWillJackmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning★變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notIwillnotgotoAmericatomorrow.ThepilotwillnotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.Jackwillnotmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot.Yes,he/shewill./No,he/shewillnot.Yes,hewill./No,hewillnot.★特殊疑問句Whatwillyoudo【Be動(dòng)詞用法】be動(dòng)詞(am、is、are)+not情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can+not助動(dòng)詞(do、does)+not如何將一個(gè)肯定的陳述句改為否定句：1、看句中有無be動(dòng)詞，如有，直接在be動(dòng)詞后+not。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如有，直接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后+not。3、如上述二者都沒有，就應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞+not。分四個(gè)步驟：(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動(dòng)詞的，要加上去，位置在主語(某人或某物)后，動(dòng)詞前。(2)確定助動(dòng)詞用do、does，根據(jù)句中動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞是原形的助動(dòng)詞就用do，動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動(dòng)詞就用does(3)在助動(dòng)詞后加not(4)原句中動(dòng)詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形?！飶?qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，有some的要考慮是否要用any?！疽话阋蓡柧洹咳绾螌⒁粋€(gè)肯定的陳述句改為一般疑問句：1、看句中有無be動(dòng)詞，如有，把be動(dòng)詞提到句首即可。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如有，把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都沒有，就應(yīng)把助動(dòng)提到句首。分四個(gè)步驟：(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動(dòng)詞的，要加上去，位置在主語(某人或某物)后，動(dòng)詞前。(2)確定助動(dòng)詞用do還是does，根據(jù)句中動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞是原形的助動(dòng)詞就用do，動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動(dòng)詞就用does(3)把助動(dòng)詞后提到句首。(4