課件參考設(shè)計(jì)

摘要空氣相對(duì)濕度對(duì)工農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)工藝和生活環(huán)境的舒適感有著舉足出風(fēng)溫度的作用。本中的柜式除濕機(jī)主要由制冷系統(tǒng)、送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)和電氣系統(tǒng)氣體，再縮機(jī)壓縮，如此往復(fù)循環(huán)。在送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中，濕空氣經(jīng)過過濾器被吸入后，在蒸發(fā)器內(nèi)被冷卻到機(jī)器溫度以下，析出冷凝水。然后在進(jìn)入風(fēng)冷本描寫的是一臺(tái)8kg/h柜式除濕機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)。其設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容包括蒸發(fā)器和風(fēng)：除濕機(jī)蒸發(fā)器冷凝器壓縮機(jī)Thedesignof8kg/hchest-typeTherelativehumidityoftheairplaysanimportantroleintheproductionprocessofindustrialproductsforagriculturalproductsandthecomfortablefeelinginourdailylife.Amajorityofareasinourcountrybelongtosubtropicalclimate.Especially,atYangtzeValleyandinsouthareaofit,therelativehumidityoftheairisrelativelyhigh.Therefore,intheseareas,thedemandofdehumidifyingtechnologyisparticularlyoutstanding.Dehumidifyingtechnologymainlyincludescoolingdehumidifier,soliddesiccant,andliquiddesiccant,etc.Bybeingusedcoolingdehumidification,chest-typedehumidifierhastheadvantagesofsimplestructure,operationconvenience,highreliability,andcontinuousdehumidification,etc.Currently,thetechnologyiswildlyappliedtobiology,environmentalprotection,metallurgy,chemicalengineering,petrochemicalindustry,andaerospace,etc.Theworkingprincipleandthemaincomponentsofthechest-typedehumidifier,andthestatusandimprovementofcoolingdehumidificationathomeandabroadaredescribedinthethesis.Coolingdehumidificationisappliedtothechest-typedehumidifier.Theprincipleofitisthatbylowingthetemperaturebelowtheapparatusdew-pointtemperature,moistairisprecipitatedcondensedwater,andthenispumpedintocondenserstoreheat.Themaincomponentsofchest-typedehumidifierareevaporator,air-cooledcondenser,condenserwithwatercooling,compressor,expansionvalve,fansandsoon.Byundertakingthepartoftaskofcondensingheat,thetemperatureoftheairattheoutletofdehumidifiercanberegulatedthroughcondenserwithwatercooling.Thechest-typedehumidificationinthisthesishasthreeparts,whicharerefrigerationsystem,airsupplysystem,andelectricalsystem.Inrefrigerationsystem,thehightemperatureandhighpressurerefrigerantgaswhichiscompressedbyacompressorispumpedintocondenserwithwatercoolingandair-cooledcondenser.Theheatpassedtoairandcoolingwaterandthegasiscondensedintohigh-pressureliquid.Thenthehigh-pressureliquidispumpedintotheevaporatorafterbeingthrottledbyexpansionvalve.Itevaporatesintothelowtemperatureandlowpressuregasbyabsorbingtheheatfromair.Thenitissuckedintothecompressorforcompression,andthecycleisrepeatedagainandagain.Inthesupplysystem,thewetairsuckedintotheevaporatorafterbeingfilterediscooledbelowtheapparatusdew-pointtemperature,andprecipitatedcondensedwater.Thenthelow-temperatureairispumpedintoair-cooledcondenserabsorbingcondensingheattorisethetemperature.Thefunctionofelectricalsystemistocontrolthecompressorandfanstostartworkatthesametime.Thedesignofan8kg/hchest-typedehumidifierisdescribedinthepaper.Themainpointisthedesignsofevaporatorandair-cooledcondenserandtheselectionofcompressor,condenserwithwatercoolingandfans.Thistopicresearchmethodistheoreticalcalculation.Accordingtotheconditionofairgiven,aftercalculatingthethermalloadofthesystemandselectingtherightcompressor,wecancalculatetheoptimumairflowratebasedonthecoolingcapacityofcompressorandgettheactualamountofdehumidification–8.4kg/h.Then,bytheheatbalancecalculationandtherefrigerationofthermodynamiccalculation,wecancalculatetheheatloadofeachpartofsystem,anddeterminedthestructureoftheevaporatorandair-cooledcondenser.Finally,weconducttheheattransfercalculationandthecalculationoftheheatexchangerandselecttherightfans.Theproblemsofstrengtheningofair-sideheatexchangerwereconsideredseriouslyinthedesignofdehumidifier.Toimprovetheair-sideheattransfercoefficient,improvethewholeheattransfercoefficient,anddecreasethestructureofheatexchanger,thewholesetoffinsareusedintheevaporatorandtheair-cooledcondenser.Consideringthattherewillbealargeamountofcondensedwaterprecipitatedontheevaporatorfins,themembranetreatmentarecarriedonevaporatorfinstofacilitatethecondensateflowout.What’smore,flowregulatingvalveisinstalledbetweentheoutletandinletoftheair-cooledcondenser.Whenflowregulatingvalveisfullyopened,thereisnorefrigerantinevaporatorandthetemperatureofairattheoutletofunitequalstothatofevaporator.Thatistosay,thereisnotemperatureadjustableblindareainthedehumidifiersystem.:dehumidifierevaporatorcondenser摘 第一章前 第二章除濕技術(shù)簡 除濕技術(shù)的種 冷凍除濕機(jī)簡 冷凍除濕機(jī)的基本原 冷凍除濕機(jī)種 調(diào)溫型除濕 基本原 調(diào)溫盲 消除調(diào)溫盲區(qū)解決方 使用場 技術(shù)現(xiàn) 市場前 冷凍除濕機(jī)的特 冷凍除濕機(jī)的優(yōu) 冷凍除濕機(jī)的缺 第三 國內(nèi)外除濕技術(shù)的改進(jìn)和本文的研究內(nèi) 國內(nèi)外冷凍除濕機(jī)的一些技術(shù)改進(jìn)與...............................................本文研究的內(nèi)容及意 第四章設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算說明 原始數(shù)據(jù)參 制冷循環(huán)計(jì) 濕空氣的計(jì) 壓縮機(jī)的選 制冷循環(huán)系 實(shí)際空氣狀態(tài)參數(shù)的計(jì) 蒸發(fā)器的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì) 確定蒸發(fā)器進(jìn)口與出口空氣狀態(tài)參 確定蒸發(fā)的結(jié)構(gòu)參 水冷冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì)選 制冷循環(huán)系統(tǒng)計(jì) 水冷冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì)選 風(fēng)冷冷凝器的設(shè) 風(fēng)冷冷凝器的結(jié) 風(fēng)冷冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì) 風(fēng)機(jī)的選 風(fēng)機(jī)參 產(chǎn)品簡 產(chǎn)品特 適用場 風(fēng)機(jī)使用條 風(fēng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)尺 風(fēng)機(jī)的性能曲線與除濕機(jī)阻力曲 風(fēng)機(jī)的安裝與使 風(fēng)機(jī)的調(diào)溫除濕機(jī)主要換熱器的結(jié)構(gòu)參 結(jié) 參考文 致 [1]。第二，在諸如精密儀器、計(jì)量儀器、電子產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)等工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中,特別是除濕技術(shù)的種類,冷凍除濕機(jī)簡介冷凍除濕機(jī)的基本原理除濕機(jī)主要有制冷系統(tǒng)、送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)[9]和電氣控制系統(tǒng)三大系統(tǒng)組成高溫高冷劑氣體進(jìn)入再熱器6（作冷凝器用，將熱量傳給冷干空氣后，冷被吸入后，在蒸發(fā)器2被冷卻到溫度以下，析出凝結(jié)水，絕對(duì)含濕量下降；65送入.4.5.6.再熱器圖2.1除濕機(jī)工作簡圖冷凍除濕機(jī)種類調(diào)溫型除濕機(jī)2.2一方面，如圖2.2所示，經(jīng)壓縮機(jī)排出的高溫高冷劑氣體首先經(jīng)過水冷2.2如圖2.3所示，在風(fēng)冷冷凝器的之間設(shè)計(jì)1個(gè)流量調(diào)節(jié)閥，通過調(diào)節(jié)使用場技術(shù)現(xiàn)燥的地區(qū)；液體吸濕劑除濕的系統(tǒng)，設(shè)備復(fù)雜，投資高，液體溶液還會(huì)腐蝕金屬；膜法除濕因其部件除濕膜技術(shù)還不夠成熟，在現(xiàn)階段還存在透濕率低、強(qiáng)度節(jié)能環(huán)保等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，成為當(dāng)前空調(diào)研發(fā)制造企業(yè)尤為關(guān)注的除濕技術(shù)熱點(diǎn)[4]市場前除濕設(shè)備應(yīng)用越加廣泛，除濕性能穩(wěn)定且能耗少[15]；另一方面，我國長江柳綠膚蒸[6-7]。因此，我國的除濕機(jī)市場極為廣闊。冷凍除濕機(jī)的特性運(yùn)行方便。只需接上相應(yīng)電源和處理風(fēng)管道即運(yùn)行性能穩(wěn)定，使用可靠性高。運(yùn)動(dòng)部件少，性能可靠、穩(wěn)定國內(nèi)外冷凍除濕機(jī)的一些技術(shù)改進(jìn)與與轉(zhuǎn)輪除濕相結(jié)合,利用制冷系統(tǒng)的吸熱降溫與放熱作為轉(zhuǎn)輪的前期除濕與加部熱能,又兼有轉(zhuǎn)輪除濕的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。3、采用室外雙冷凝器系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能型恒溫除濕機(jī)[27-28]:利用空調(diào)機(jī)制冷除濕利用將未冷凝的高冷劑氣體與蒸發(fā)器內(nèi)節(jié)流后的制冷劑混合,再進(jìn)入蒸發(fā)況為15~35℃范圍內(nèi)能夠精確且有效控制出風(fēng)溫度及出風(fēng)溫度,具有明顯的除濕效果；全新風(fēng)無級(jí)調(diào)載除濕機(jī)能夠明顯降低運(yùn)行費(fèi)用,]:9、將冷凝水用于新風(fēng)預(yù)冷[35]:通過將工程內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生的冷凝水并存用冷凝水冷量的目的。該技術(shù)一般用于國防工程。本文研究的內(nèi)容及意義原始數(shù)據(jù)參數(shù)干球溫度 額定風(fēng)量：按相關(guān)產(chǎn)品確 制冷循環(huán)計(jì)算查焓濕圖的空氣狀態(tài)（1點(diǎn)）干球溫度 含濕量濕球溫度 比容 1212 圖

除濕量額定風(fēng)量除濕量額定風(fēng)量7d2d1

D13.4 1.2

=10.37g/到2點(diǎn)的焓值為42.5kJ/kg，t2為15.68℃。QρGh1h21.2220061.442.5 品牌：谷輪壓縮型號(hào)：ZF15K4E- 制冷量蒸發(fā)溫度 水冷冷凝溫度 壓縮機(jī)參數(shù)如下表（表4-1表4- 壓縮機(jī)參ZF15K4E-凈重1油充注量安裝底腳尺寸底腳孔徑功率級(jí)噪聲除濕機(jī)的出風(fēng)溫度的。具體流程如圖4.2所示。63475986347598T1.蒸發(fā)器2.風(fēng)冷冷凝器3.熱力膨脹閥4.干燥過濾器5.6.單向閥7.電磁閥8.水冷冷凝器9.壓縮機(jī)4.2調(diào)溫除濕機(jī)的制冷系統(tǒng)流程圖443251圖 R22壓焓℃51壓線p0kJ/m3/1kJ/kg℃51壓線p0kJ/m3/1kJ/kg℃等焓線h22壓線p2kJ/3℃kJ/結(jié)4℃kJ/5℃5kJ/項(xiàng)指標(biāo)，詳細(xì)參數(shù)列與表4-3中。表4- 制冷循環(huán)熱力性能指符號(hào)1量q0h1h5406.712kJ/qq0 13量kJ/qQ 04WkJ/Wh2h14345NNqmW0.0946kJ/qkh2h44347Qkqmqk8εq0 假設(shè)G=1900m3/hhh3600Q061.4360014.139.14kJ/ DρGd1d21.2190013.49.758.32kg/濕量，所得結(jié)果列在表4-4中。表4- 風(fēng)量與除濕量的關(guān)風(fēng)量實(shí)際除濕量112t0t22 2圖

hh 061.4 40.25kJ/ 22014.914.149.9g/kg。2D0ρGdd01.220000kg/ 蒸發(fā)器的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算干球溫度：14.9d=9.9g/kg；焓值：h=40.25kJ/kg采用連續(xù)整體式鋁套片，紫銅管為Φ12×0.6mm正三角形排列，管間距S1=25mm，S2=21mm，鋁箔片厚δf=0.2mm，片距Sf=2.2mm，翅片高h(yuǎn)=9mm，鋁片導(dǎo)λ=204W/(m·K)。取空氣流動(dòng)方向排數(shù)5排，取迎面2.5m/s。具體結(jié)構(gòu)參見下圖（圖4.5）d04.54-5蒸發(fā)器設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)幾何參數(shù)計(jì)算1dbD02δf=1222diD02δ1223 2S1dbSfδf SdSδ 22512.430.22512.430.24LLZS255am2/2SS1πd21 baf 22521.65 π 6m2/aπdbSfδf f3.1412.437積m2/aofafab0.2808m2/aπdil 9β β=of ααaof εS1dbSfδfεS1S2512.4325速m/ ωf 管外空氣側(cè)參數(shù)計(jì)算1t℃t 27tf 2 2ρkg/3cp,kJkgK45νm2/15.15×10-6μPaμfνf15.1510618.2×10-7λWmK8Reρfωmaxdef f1.2015.31518.29α40.0014 0Re04of a0.0014 .8800.31700.0389 WmK α4ρfωmaxcp,f Pr0.01141.2012蒸發(fā)器內(nèi)空氣相關(guān)計(jì)算1kJ/2g/3kJ/4g/5 h1 tt0p, 61.440.251.005276量kg/ 3600hh 360061.47量m3/ qm,da f8S1 b9′ Smax 25m1/m 2of 2f 0.02598h′db′110.35ln212.42.142210.35lnthmh′th 88.72WmKfafab aa 0.8310.28管內(nèi)制冷劑計(jì)算1kJ/2容kJkgK3容kJkgK4kg/5kg/6rkJ/78N/9Pa2.045×10-Pa1.158×10-率WmK9.25×10-率WmK9.75×10-1q01 1120.252 kg/q r 360014.1W/kgm2AA 6.70×10-積d A i 9.156×10-Z根 Z i8kg/ 3600kgm2gqm,d i數(shù)Bqi gr 128.038i3.576×10-1080C g l0 010.626 24.79 0.626 g Frl 2 1264.322 Regi1 l128.0371數(shù)Wm2K0.023Re08Pr04l i0.0232529082.620 Wm2K[CCC225Fr l CBC4F3 2790[1.1360.09280250.0928033.57610407℃t 27 t0 14.9 0Wm2KK aofrraofrt i 2790 注：rroft m度W/q0K0m′=64.65度W/qqaof979.7 0 i%qi′qi92009151.37蒸發(fā)器結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸計(jì)算1F′=Q0 i2F′=Q0 03長mF of 4AfA 3600f5度Bm6Hm7n個(gè)nB625S 8根nH390 19AfBnlS10.62516N根NLt′45.43 Z根ZN 5mFiLtai50FofLtaof50度WmWS2ZAf管外空氣阻力計(jì)算1AD0 2積 S1D025 3積Afaf4及AcnS1dbSff2080.0250.0035PS2 06PS1 07XPT12.0831PL Red8PL1.804RedffNAc,t0.2280 t9fS1f0.508Re05211 D0251 .880521 12m/ 3600fm/ max 降 A ftAt 0.3800.03768 降 Afp ffA 0.029 pptpf12.93力pwp管內(nèi)制冷劑流動(dòng)阻力計(jì)算1R12 5.986105qg091 i i5.9869151.37128.380 10.82R22力PR221.05PR123氣壓力的2.1%，因此流動(dòng)阻力引起的蒸發(fā)溫度變化可忽略不計(jì)。水冷冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì)選型4-6制冷循環(huán)系統(tǒng)參符號(hào)1h1h5406.712qq0 13qQ 04WWh2h14345NNqmW0.0946qkh2h44347Qkqmqk8εεq0 4-7水冷冷凝器選型計(jì)1℃2℃3Qk冷凝器具體結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸見圖4.6和表4-8。型外形接管DTAFCESpewWS-34WS-54WS-64WS-864WS-4WS-944WS-4WS-4WS-4WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2WS-2風(fēng)冷冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì)Φ12×0.6mm，正三角形排列，垂直于流動(dòng)方向的管間距S1=25mm，鋁片厚的設(shè)計(jì)理念，取翅片距Sf=2.2mm，鋁片導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)λ=204W/(m·K)。其結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)如圖4.7δ4-9風(fēng)冷冷凝器參1℃2℃3kg/4tf℃度5kg/6熱JkgK7量m3/qvqm a8荷W9ta℃ a qc vpa t℃tta1ta214.9 ℃ta2ta139.8314.9lntk ln45mtkta 45%tf′tf1002827.36t 123Scos30oS 3 45距S6h7WmK8Z排89m/Ay′=qv 2.2fLmHmHAy N根NH10.4131 AyBNS10.62518m/qv dbD02f122diD020122 2S1dbSfδf SdS 22525WLZS28am2/2SS1πd21 baf 22521.65 π 積m2/aπdbSfδf f3.1412.42.2積m2/aofafab0.382m2/aπdil m2/adidbl10.812.4 bmbZScos30o8 β=of αaof S1dbSfδfεS1S2512.42.225m/ ωf 冷凝器傳熱系數(shù)計(jì)算1kg/2cp,kJkgK34m2/10-5Paμfνf15.810610-6WmK7Reρfωmaxdef f8b 9n-mWm2Kb 12d d efef1303. 173.245 3.45 1051.070S1 b′ Smax 25h′db′110.35ln212.42.142210.35lnm1/m 2of 2f 0.02689thmh′th 53.10affab0.380.931 a 0.38 B℃Wm2K0.555Bd025tt0 10.80 .551000 4540.10WmKm2阻m2KWm2KK 1aofaofrr 0.4180.0006 0.004 57.53冷凝器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算1AofQk 32.99m2mLAof 3Z排ZL0 1784長m56%Aof′Aof37.6035.05 7P′=0.108b 1 f0.1081731.17544.411 8 1.1754 9風(fēng)機(jī)的選擇根據(jù)風(fēng)量和全壓等因素，我們選擇了兩臺(tái)英德利公司的YDF2.25A風(fēng)機(jī)，其具YDF系列空調(diào)風(fēng)機(jī)是根據(jù)目前國內(nèi)外市場需求而潛心開發(fā)的又一大系列，2001YDF系列風(fēng)機(jī)為前向翼高40%-50%，而全壓側(cè)可下降20%左右。以3.5機(jī)號(hào)，配套0.8KW電機(jī)的風(fēng)機(jī)為例，一般系列，其風(fēng)量在4000-4500m/h；而全壓下降至350Pa左右。美觀耐用。機(jī)殼與底座在0°、90°、180°間可任意調(diào)換，安裝方便。 圖 YDF2.25A風(fēng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)示意表4- 風(fēng)量除濕機(jī)總阻風(fēng)量標(biāo)況總阻力風(fēng)量標(biāo)況總阻力全壓的關(guān)系如表4-11所示。表4- 兩臺(tái)YDF2.25A風(fēng)機(jī)流量與全風(fēng)量全壓風(fēng)量全壓風(fēng)量全壓圖 A即為除濕機(jī)的實(shí)際工 風(fēng)機(jī)的必須注意下列幾點(diǎn)動(dòng)機(jī)的引出線，勿堆放在潮濕或有腐蝕性物品堆放的場所。調(diào)溫除濕機(jī)主要換熱器的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)4-12排5根W/m2K凝排8器根W/m2K參考文[1].空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中的除濕技術(shù)[J].石油化工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2013,23(4):63-[2],.冷凍極限除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)踐[J].建筑熱能通風(fēng)空調(diào),[3].冷凍除濕機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)探討[J].機(jī)電工程設(shè)計(jì),2002,31(7):66-[4],.單元式空調(diào)機(jī)冷卻除濕技術(shù)分析[J].制冷與空調(diào),2011,11(4):14-[5],劇霏,,等.除濕器研究進(jìn)展[J].暖通空調(diào)HV&AC,2007,37(4):35-[6]YongSunCho,SeonChangKim2,YoungLyoulKimetal.Combinedheatandmasstransferysisduringthedehumidificationprocesswithinaplatetypeheatexchanger[J].JournalMechanicalScienceandTechnology,2013,27(6):1875-[7].制冷技術(shù)及其應(yīng)用[M].:機(jī)械工業(yè)[8].空氣調(diào)節(jié)工程[M].:科學(xué)[9],葉升平,.模鑄造白區(qū)烘干房的冷凍除濕技術(shù)[J].特種鑄造及有色合金,2013,33(2):161-163.[10]孫萍,羅文結(jié).空氣除濕機(jī)[M].廣州:廣州科技[11],.新型全新風(fēng)調(diào)溫型除濕機(jī)的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J].制冷,2011,30(1):1-[12],,.調(diào)溫除濕機(jī)調(diào)溫盲區(qū)的模擬計(jì)算[J].制冷與空調(diào),[13].無調(diào)溫盲區(qū)的調(diào)溫除濕機(jī)[P].中國專利:CN200820065327,2008-01-[14]WANGHai-qiao,ZOUZu-yun,CHENShi