2019高三英語第二輪練習(xí)考點(diǎn)精講精煉第15講閱讀理解

2019

高三英語第二輪練習(xí)考點(diǎn)精講精髓第

15講閱讀理解第15講

閱讀理解理解主旨馬虎細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷(延邊F)經(jīng)典易錯(cuò)題會(huì)診(延邊F)理解主旨馬虎(延邊F)(一

詞義理解文章基本結(jié)構(gòu))(典型例

作者的企圖和態(tài)度題精

選AstudyofEnglishlearningproblemswascarriedouta-mongatotalof106foreignstudents.ItshowsthatmoststudentsconsideredunderstandingspokenEnglishtobetheirbiggestproblemonarrival.Thiswasfollowedbyspeaking.Writingincreasedasaproblemasstudentsdiscovereddiffi-cultiesinwritingpapersthattheywerenowexpectedtohandin.Readingremainedasasignificant(明顯的)problem.Theinformationgainedhelpedusindeterminingwherespecialattentionshouldbepaidinourcourse.Althoughmanystudentshavechosentojointhecoursewithareasona-blemotivation(動(dòng)機(jī)),weconsidereditimportanttonotewhatseemedtoencourageinterest.Nearlyallthestudentshaveexperiencedsomekindofgrammar-basedEnglishteach-ingintheirowncountry.Tousethesamemethodwouldbeself-defeatingbecauseitmightreducemotivation,especiallyifithasfailedinthepast.Thereforeadifferentmethodmayhelpbecauseitisdifferent.Varietyofactivitywasalsoseenasawayofmaintaining(保持)orincreasingmotivation.Severalyearsagowehadonetimetablethatoperatedthroughout,butwesoonfoundthatbeththestudentsandtheteacherslostinterestbyabouthalf-waythroughthetenweeks.Thisledustoamajorre-think,sofinallywebroughtitintolinewiththeexpressedlanguageneedsofthestudents.1.(延邊F)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Foreignstudentshavemoreproblems.B.TherearemanywaystoimproveEnglish.C.Teachingshouldmeetstudents'needs.D.Englishlearningproblemsshouldbestudiedagain.2.(延邊F)Writingbecameabiggerproblemwhenforeignstudents.A.hadtowritetheirpapersB.becamebetteratspeakingC.becamelessinterestedinreadingD.hadfewerproblemswithlistening3.(延邊F)Wemayinferfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat.A.differentteachingmethodsshouldbeusedB.grammar-basedteachingseemstobeencouragingC.EnglishcoursesarenecessaryforforeignstudentsD.teacingcontentshouldbechangedhalfway(延邊

F)[考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解

]2、B3、D(延邊

F)[專家切脈

]

本文論述了對(duì)

106名外國(guó)學(xué)生在英語學(xué)習(xí)過程中所出現(xiàn)問題的研究結(jié)果。1、(延邊

F)主旨馬虎題，依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，

c吻合題意。2、細(xì)節(jié)理解題，從第一段中Writingincreasedasaproblemasstudentsdiscovereddifficultiesinwritingpapersthattheywerenowexpectedtohandin、可知答案選A。3、(延邊F)推理判斷題，c項(xiàng)文中沒有涉及，(延邊F)[因材施教]1、c2、A3、A(延邊F)(二)(典型例題優(yōu)選

B、D兩項(xiàng)為文中細(xì)節(jié)而非推理，故本題選

A。Animalscanmovefromplacetoplace,butplantscan-not.Whenananimalisunderattack,itcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunaway,andtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbethphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexample,theleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines(剌)thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplants,suchastheoaktree,havethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal'steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantspro-ducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantswayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproduc-tionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar(-毛蟲)bitesatobac-coleaf,theleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbethphysicalandchemicalde-fenses.AcertainplantinChina,forinstance,hasprickly(多剌的)leaves,andeachpricklecontainspoisonousven-om(毒液).Asingleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuture.1.(延邊F)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselves(延邊F)[考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解]A(延邊F)[專家切脈]本題為概括主旨馬虎題。全文要點(diǎn)說了然植物的自我保護(hù)方法。A項(xiàng)為“植物和動(dòng)物”；B項(xiàng)為“植物如何保護(hù)自己”；C項(xiàng)為“攻擊和防衛(wèi)”；D項(xiàng)為“動(dòng)物如何吃植物的葉子”。B項(xiàng)吻合題意。(延邊F)[因材施教]B(延邊F)專家會(huì)診此類試題要求考生掌握所讀資料的主旨和馬虎，要求考生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章進(jìn)行高度概括和總結(jié)。做好這種試題要求考生注意以下幾個(gè)方面：1、(延邊F)注意文章的大小標(biāo)題，標(biāo)題一般都是文章的中心。2、(延邊F)找尋主題句，從而抓住文章的中心思想。一般說來，每個(gè)段落都有一此中心思想，特別是談?wù)撐暮驼f明文更加典型。文章的主題句常常出此刻段落的首句，但也有在段中或段末的。3、(延邊F)假如文章段落許多，此中心常常在首段或末段。4、(延邊F)試題中常有的標(biāo)記性句子：Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassageis...Thetopicofthepassagemaybe...Thepassageismainlyabout...Thecentralideaoftheparagraphisthat...Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage7Whichsentencebestexpressesthemainidea'?.(延邊F)考場(chǎng)思想訓(xùn)練(延邊F)(一)(典型例題優(yōu)選ThesceneintheHollywoodmovieTheDayAfterTomor-row,whereglobalwarmingcouldsoonturntheglobalclimate(天氣)intoanewiceage,mayneveroccur,accordingtonewresearch.Thenexticeagecouldbe15,000yearsaway,sayEuro-peanscientistswholastmonthannouncedacontinuousrecordof740,000yearsofclimatedata(數(shù)據(jù))obtainedfromtheAntarcticice.Scientistsfrom10nationshavenowalmostcompletelydrilledthrougha3,000-meter,depthoficehighintheAnt-arcticmainland.Theyfigureoutthattheareawheresummertemperaturescanfallto-40℃,hasatleast900,000yearsofsnowfalls,keptasneatlyasthegrowthringsofatree.Andtheiceandaircaughtineachlayer(層)havebeguntoan-swerquestionsabouttheclimatesinthepast.Theresultsshowthattherehavebeeneighticeagesinthepast740,000yearsandeightwarmerperiods.Andbycomparingthepatternofglobalconditionstodaywiththoseofthepast,theresearchersreportedinNaturethatthepresentwarmperiodcouldlastanother15,000years.Researchsuggeststhatthereisaverycloseconnectionbetweengreenhousegaslevelsandglobalaveragetempera-tures.Italsoshowsthatcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)levelsarethehighestforatleast440,000years.“Ifpeoplesaytoyou:thegreenhouseeffectisagoodthingbecausewewouldgointoaniceageotherwise,ourdatasayno,anewiceageisnothangingoverourheads,”saidEricWolfffromtheBritishAntarcticSurvey.“Nowwehaveeightexamplesofhowtheclimategoesinandoutoficeages..,andyoucanlearnwhattherulesarethatgointotheclimatemodelsthattellusaboutthefuture.”Scientistsfoundthatwhenevertemperaturesroseinthefrozenrecord,sodidcarbondioxidelevel.“In440,000yearswehaveneverseengreenhousegasgetasthickasitistoday,”saidDrWolff.1(延邊F)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ResearchovertheAntarcticarea.B.Warmperiodtolastabout15,000years.C.Reportontheeighticeagesinthepast.D.Hollywoodmoviesandtheglobalclimate.1、B分析：這是一道主旨題。第二段“科學(xué)家最新研究的成就，說明地球?qū)?huì)在(延邊F)(二)(典型例題優(yōu)選

Thenexticeagecoulebe15，000yearsaway”是15，000年內(nèi)處于暖和的時(shí)期。Haveyoueverreceivedagiftthatwassoclearlynotyourtastethatyouwonderedifperhapsithadbeenhandedtoyoubymistake?Worse,haveyouevergivenapresentandwatchedyourfriendlookasthoughshehadopenedthewrongbox?Maybesherespondedwithapolite“Why,thankyou,”butyouknewyouhadmissedthemark.Whydopresentssometimesgowrong?Andwhatdoyourchoices(goodandbad)reflectaboutyourpersonalqualities?Choosingtherightgiftisanart,Ibelieve.Itcallsforem-pathyotheabilitytoputyourselfintosomeoneelse'sheadandheart.We'reallabletodothis;infact,we'rebornwithakindofnaturalempathy.Aftertheearliestperiodofchildhood,however,itneedstobereinforeed(加強(qiáng))byourparents,teach-ers,friends.Whenitisn't,we'renotabletounderstandotherpeople'sfeelingsassharply.Thiscanshowinthegiftswese-lect,andsocanmanyotheremotional(感情的)qualities.Thinkbacktothepresentsyou'vegivenoverthepastyear,thetimeandeffortyouputintoyourselection,howmuchyouspent,yourthoughtswhileyouwereshopping,andyourfeelingswhentcourse,youmayexpressyourselfdifferentlywithdifferentfriends,relatives,andotherpeopleyouknow.Weliveinasocietywhereexchangingpresentsisanim-portantpartofcommunication.Ignoringthetraditionwon'tmakeitgoaway.Ifyoureallydislikesuchatradition,tellyourfriendsaheadoftime.1(延邊F)Theunderlinedexpression“youhadmissedthemark”means“youhadfailedto”.A.makeherfeelbetterB.keepyourfriendshipC.receiveapresentinreturnD.gettheexpectedeffect2(延邊F)Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Naturalempathyneedstobereinforced.B.Emotionalchangesinfluenceone'schoiceofgifts.C.Selectingtherightgiftisanabilitypeoplearebornwith.D.Choosinggiftsrequiresonetounderstandthereceivers.3(延邊F)Inthethirdparagraph,theauthortellsusthat.A.attentionshouldbepaidtothereceivers'responsesB.onelearnsfromwhathedidinthepastC.thechoiceofgiftsreflectsone'semotionalqualitiesD.oneshouldspendmoretimechoosinggifts4(延邊F)Thebestpossibletideforthispassageis“”.A.WaysofChoosingGiftsB.AnImportantTraditionC.ExchangingPresentsD.MessageinaGift1、D分析：句子理解題。第一段說明你送了對(duì)方不喜愛的禮物，本句意為你沒能達(dá)到送禮物的預(yù)期成效。2、D分析：主旨馬虎題。由第二段主題句

Choosingtherightgiftisanan

，IbelievE

、Itcallsforempathy-theabilitytoputyourselfintosomeoneelse

’sheadandheart

、可知此題選D。3、c分析：主旨馬虎題。概括第三段馬虎知。題意思，可概括出本文題目為D。(延邊F)命題角度2(延邊F)細(xì)節(jié)理解(延邊F)(一)(

4、D分析：主旨馬虎題。由文中各段主典型例題精

選Whenastormiscoming,mostpeopleleavetheareaasquicklyaspossibleandheadforsafety.Butthereareafewpeoplewhowillgetintotheircarsandgostraightforthecen-terofthestorm.Thesepeoplearewillingtorisk(冒危險(xiǎn))beingkilledbyfloodsorlO0-kilometer-an-hourwindsfortheexcitementofwatchingthestormcloseup.“Stormchasing(追趕)”isbecominganincreasinglypopu-larhobby(喜好),especiallyintheMidwestoftheUnitedStates,wheretherearefrequentstormsbetweenMarchandJu-ly.AstormchaserbeginsthedaybycheckingtheInternetforthelatestweatherreports,andthendrivesupto1,000kilome-terstowherethestormwillbeandwaitsforittodevelop.Althoughanyonecandoit,stormchasingisextremelydangerous.Thepowerofabigstormcanthrowacowintotheairordestroyawholehouseinseconds.Stormchasersareal-sooftenhurtinaccidentscausedbydrivinginaheavyrain.Ifyouareabeginner,itismuchsafertojoinagroupforstorm-chasingvacationsduringthestormseason.Eventhen,stormchasingisnotalladventureandexcite-ment.“Stormchasingis95%driving,”saysDanielLynch,whospendsmostofhissummerstorm-chasing.“Sometimesyoucansitaroundforhourswaitingforsomethingtohappen,andallyougetisblueskyandafewlightshowers.”However,forstormchasers,itisallworthit.“Whenyougetclosetoastorm,itisthemostexcitingsightyouwilleverseeinyourlife,”saysJasperMorley.“Everystormisanexam-pleofthepowerofnature.ItisthegreatestshowonEarth.”1.(延邊F)Forstormchasing,thefirstthingstormchasersdoisto.A.headstraightforthecenterofthestormB.getintothecarforsafetyC.waitpatiendyforthestormtodevelopD.collectinformationaboutacomingstorm2.(延邊F)Beginnersofstormchasingareadvised.A.nottodriveinaheavyrainB.todoitinanorganizedwayC.nottogettooclosetoastormD.tospendmoretimeonitinsummer3.(延邊F)Bysaying“itisallworthit”inthelastparagraph,theauthormeansthatA.stormchasingcostsalotofmoneyB.stormchasingisworthhoursofwaitingC.effortsinstormchasingarewellpaidD.astormpresentsthegreatestshowonEarth4.(延邊F)Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Sometimesstormchasersgetnothingbutdisappointment.B.Manystormchasersgetkilledinthestorms.C.Stormchasingisbecomingpopulararoundtheworld.D.Stormchasingisonlyfitforyoungpeople.(延邊F)[考場(chǎng)解錯(cuò)]1、B2、c3、D4、B(延邊F)[專家切脈]1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題“AstormchaserbeginsthedaybycheckingtheIntemetforthelatestweatherreports答案為D。

。從第二段、”可知2、(延邊F)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段最后一句話Ⅱitlsmuchsafertojoinagroupforstorm-chasingVacationsduringthestormseason

youareabeglnner，、可知選B。3、(延邊F)句子理解題，最后一段說，狂風(fēng)雨是你一世中所見過的最激動(dòng)人心的情況，是地球上自然力量最偉大的表現(xiàn)形式。由此可知本題選C。4、(延邊F)推理判斷題，B、C兩項(xiàng)為文中細(xì)節(jié)不是推理，D項(xiàng)文中沒有說起，通讀全文可推知本題選A。(延邊F)[因材施教]1、D2、B3、c4、A(延邊F)(二)(典型例題優(yōu)選Goodtooldesignisimportantinthepreventionofoveruseinjuries.Well-designedtoolsandequipmentwillrequirelessforcetooperatethemandpreventawkward(別扭的)handposi-tions.Theywillallowtheworkertokeeptheelbows( )td)nexttothebodytopreventdamagetotheshoulderandarm.Overuseinjuriescanthereforebepreventedorreducediftheemployerprovides,andworkersuse:powertoolsratherthanhavingtousemuscle(肉)powertoolswithspeciallydesignedhandlesthatallowthewrist(

肌手腕)tokeepstraight(SeeFigure1).Thismeansthathandsandwristsarekeptinthesamepositionastheywouldbeiftheywerehangingrelaxedataperson'ssidetoolswithhandlesthatcanbeheldcomfortablybythewholehanDThismeanshavingaselectionofsizes—rememberthattoolsthatprovideacomfortablefrmholdforapersonwithaverylargehandmaybeawk-wardforsomeonewithaverysmallhand.Thisisaparticularlyimportantconsiderationforwomenwhomayusetoolsoriginallydesignedformen.toolsthatdonotpressfingers(orflesh)betweenthehandles,andwhosehandlesdonothavesharpedgesorasmallsurfacearea.

、—1.(

延邊

F)Whichofthefollowingdescribesawelldesignedtool?A.It'skeptclosetothebody.B.Itfullyusesmusclepower.C.Itmakesusersfeelrelaxed.D.It'soperatedwithlessforce.(延邊F)[考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解]C(延邊F)[專家切脈]從文中“可知D項(xiàng)吻合好工具的要求。(延邊F)[因材施教]D

Powertoolsratherthanhavingtousemusclepower

、”一句中2.(

延邊

F)WhatisFigure1usedtoshow?A.Theeffectiveuseofthetool.B.Thewayofoperatingthetool.C.Theproperdesignofthehandle.D.Thepurposeofbendingthewrist(延邊F)[考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解]D(延邊F)[專家切脈]從文中“ToolswithspeciMlydesignedhan-dlesthatMlowthewristtokeepstrmght(SeeFigure1)、”可知Figure1是用來顯現(xiàn)對(duì)該句的描述。而下文又有較詳細(xì)的論述。故C項(xiàng)吻合題目要求。(延邊F)[因材施教]C3.(延邊F)Inchoosingtoolsforwomen,ofthehandleisthemostimportant.(延邊(延邊

F)[F)[

考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解專家切脈

]D]從文中倒數(shù)第二段可知，

工具的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)試慮使用者手的大小。

故

A為正確答案。(延邊F)[因材施教]A(延邊F)專家會(huì)診細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要觀察學(xué)生對(duì)文章某一段落中某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的重要事實(shí)的理解能力。此類試題一般包含兩類，一是從原文中直接找出答案，一類是需要將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行語義變換后找出答案。做題時(shí)應(yīng)注意：1、(延邊F)第一理解好題于，帶著問題快速閱讀短文，同時(shí)用筆標(biāo)畫實(shí)用信息；2、(延邊F)注意找尋特定信息，如：時(shí)間、數(shù)字、專有名詞等；3、(延邊F)假如要查找的信息量較大，可合適標(biāo)記字母或號(hào)碼；4、(延邊F)試題中常有的標(biāo)記性句子：WhichofthefonowingdescribE

、、、Whichofthefonowingstatementistme/false?Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?Thefollowingson

、noesarecorrectexcept

、、。Whatis(not)mentionedinthepassage?(延邊(延邊

F)考場(chǎng)思想訓(xùn)練F)(一)(典型例題優(yōu)選

)”Soon,you'regoingtohavetomoveout!“criedmyneighboruponseeingthelargesttomatoplantknowntoman-kind,oratleastknowninmyneighborhood.Onetiny9-inchplant,boughtfor$1.25inthespring,hasalreadytakenovermuchofmyrosebed,cover-ingmuchofotherplants,andiswellonitswaytothefrontdoor.Rosesrequireagooddealofcare,andifitweren'tforthepleasuretheygive,itwouldn'tbeworththework.Asitis,Ihaveagardenfullofsweet-smellingrosesformostoftheyear.Bushesmustbepruned(枝)inearlyspring,leavinguglywoodybranchesuntilthenewgrowthappearsafewweekslater.Itwasthespaceavailable(可

剪用的)inthegardenthatledmeintoplantingjustonelittletomatoplant.Abigmistake.Soilconditionsmadejustperfectforrosesturnoutbeevenmoreperfectfortomatoes.Thedailywateringcoupledwithfullsunandregularfertilizing(施肥)haveturnedthelittleplantintoatallbush.ThecageIplacedarounditastheplantgrewhaslongsincedisappearedunderthethickleaves.NowthetaskIfaceinharvestingthefruitistwofold:First,Ihavetofindtheredonesamongtheleaves,whichmeansIalmosthavetostandonmyhead,andoncefoundIhavetoreachdownandunder,pickthetomatoesandwith-draw(縮回)myfullfistwithoutdroppingtheprizesodearlywon.Ifoundtwofull-blownwhiterosescompletelyhiddenasIpickedtomatoesinJune,buttheywereweakandtheleavesalreadyyellowforlackoflight.HereIamfacedwithapainfulsmalldecision:Totearupawonderfulandproductivetomatoplantthatoffersupbetweentenandtwentyripesweettomatoeseachdayorsaygoodbyetoseveralexpensiveandtreasuredroses.LikeScarlettinGoneWiththeWind,I'IIthinkaboutthattomor-row.1(延邊F)Whataretherequirementsforthehealthygrowthofrose?A.Alotofcareandtherightsoil.B.Frequentpruningandfertilizing.C.Tomatoplantsgrownalongside.D.Cagesplacedaroundtheroots.2.(延邊F)Thewriterplantedthetomatobecause.A.itcostonly$1.25B.thesoilwasjustrightforitC.therewasroomforitinthegardenD.theroses'branchesneededtobecovered3(延邊F)Thisyearthewriter'sroseswere.A.removedfromtherosebedB.pickedalongwiththetomatoesC.mostlydamagedbytoomuchsunlightD.largelyhiddenunderthetomatoplant1、A分析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)推測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段“Rosesrequireagooddealofcare,andifitweren'tforthepleasuretheygive,itwouldn'tbeworththework.”和第四段“Soilconditionsmadejustperfectforrosesturnouttobeevenmoreperfectfortoma-toes、”可判斷出對(duì)玫瑰花認(rèn)真的珍愛隨和的土壤才能使它們生長(zhǎng)優(yōu)異。2、C分析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段“hwasthespaceavaila—bleinthegardenthatledmeintoplantingjustonelittletomatoplant、”說明作者種西紅柿的原由是花園里有可利用的空地。3、D分析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。倒

數(shù)第二段“

Ifoundtwofull

一blownwhiterosescompletelyhiddenasIpickedtomatoesinJune,buttheywereweakandtheleavesalreadyyellowforlackoflight、”表示玫瑰花大多被西紅柿的葉子掩飾。(延邊F)(二)(典型例題優(yōu)選Asskiesarefilledwithmillionsofmigrating(遷徙)birds,Europeanscientistssaytheseasonalwonderappearstobestrange:Thefatterthebird,thebetteritflies.Theresultsoftheirstudyledtoatheoryoppositetoacentraloneofaerodynamics(空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)),whichsaysthatthepowerneededtoflyincreaseswithweight.Forbirds,obviously,thecostofflyingwithheavyfatismuchsmallerthanweusedtothink.Researchersfoundthatredknotwadingbirdsdoubletheirnormalbodyweightof100gramsbeforemakingtheirtwice-a-yearnonstopflightbetweentheBritishIslesandtheRussianArctic.Distance:5,000kilometers.AnotherstudyinthemagazineNaturemeasuredthead-vantageofflyinginanaerodynamicgroupwhichallowsbirdstosaveenergybyflyingsmoothlyandquietlyintheleadbird'sairstream.Flyingingroups,theirheartrateswere14.5percentlowerthanflyingalone,accordingtoHenri,aFrenchscien-tist.Thefindingshelpexplainhowbirdscompletedifficultmigrations.Researchershadthoughtthatthinner,strongerbirdswouldhavethebestchancetosurvive.Thefirststudysuggeststhatbuildingupfattobeburntasfuelduringthemigrationisworthmorethantheenergyittakestocarrytheadditionalweight.Inthestudy,researcherssaidtheirteamstudiedthebirdsflownatdifferentbodyweightsduring28simulated(模的)flights.Theyforcedasmallamountofspecialwaterin-tothebirds'bodiessothattheycouldmeasuretheamountofenergyburntduringtheflight.1(延

擬邊F)Aredknotwadingbirdof100gramswillprobablyweighbeforemakingitsnonstopmigratingflight.2(延邊F)Duringtheirmigratingflight,redknotwadingbirdscansaveenergybyflying.3(延邊F)Aredknotwadingbirdhasabetterchancetosurviveduringitsmigratingflight.4(延邊F)Thebesttitleforthispassagemayprobablybe.A.BirdsThinDownForJourneyB.BirdsFattenUpForJourneyC.HowBirdsBuildUpFatForJourneyD.HowBirdsBurnEnergyForJourney1、

D

分析：細(xì)節(jié)

理解

題。由

第三

段

、、、redknotwadingbirdsdoubletheirnormalbodyweightof100gramsbeforemakingtheirtwice-a-yearnonstopflightbetweentheBritishIsles...可知本題選D。2、c分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段知本題應(yīng)選c。3、D分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段thefatterthebird，thebetteritflies答案為D。4、B分析：主旨馬虎題。由各段主題句推知文章題目應(yīng)選B。

可知本題(延邊(延邊(

F)命題角度F)推理判斷延邊

3

F)(

一

)(

典型例

題優(yōu)選Shortandshy,BenSaunderswasthelastkidinhisclasspickedforanysportsteam.

”Football,tennisCricket-anythingwitharoundball,Iwasuseless,“hesaysnowwithalaugh.ButbackthenhewastheobjectofjokesinschoolgymclassesinEngland'sruralDevonshire.Itwasamountainbikehereceivedforhis15thbirthdaythatchangedhim.Atfirsttheteenwentbikingaloneinanearbyforest.Thenhebegantocyclealongwitharunnerfriend.Gradually,Saunderssethismindbuildinguphisbody,increasinghisspeed,strengthandendurance.Atage18,heranhisfirstmarathon.Thefollowingyear,hemetJohnRidgway,whobecamefamousinthe1960sforrowinganopenboatacrosstheAtlan-ticOcean.SaunderswashiredasaninstructoratRidgway'sschoolofAdventureinScotland,wherehelearnedabouttheolderman'scold-waterexploits(成就).Intrigued,SaundersreadallhecouldaboutArcticexplorersandNorthPeopleex-peditions,thendecidedthatthiswouldbehisfuture.JourneystothePeoplearen'ttheusualholidaysforBritishcountryboys,andmanypeopledismissedhisdreamasfantasy.

”JohnRidgwaywasoneofthefewwhodidn'tsay,'Youarecompletelycrazy,'

“Saunderssays.In2001,afterbecomingaskilledskier,Saundersstar-tedhisfirstlongdistanceexpeditiontowardtheNorthPole.Hesufferedfrostbite,hadacloserencounter(

遭遇)withapolarbearandpushedhisbodytothelimit.SaundershassincebecometheyoungestpersontoskialonetotheNorthPole,andhe'sskiedmoreoftheArcticbyhimselfthananyotherBriton.Hisoldplaymateswouldnotbelievethetransformation.ThisOctober,Saunders,27,headssouthtoexplorefromthecoastofAntarcticatotheSouthPoleandback,an1800-milejourneythathasneverbeencompletedonskis.1.(延邊F)TheturningpointinSaunders'lifecamewhen.A.hestartedtoplayballgamesB.hegotamountainbikeatage15C.heranhisfirstmarathonatage18D.hestartedtoreceiveRidgway'straining2.(延邊F)WecanlearnfromthetextthatRidgway.A.dismissedSounders'dreamasfantasyB.builtuphisbodytogetherwithSaundersC.hiredSaundersforhiscold-waterexperienceD.wonhisfameforhisvoyageacrosstheAtlantic3.(延邊F)WhatdoweknowaboutSaunders?A.HeonceworkedataschoolinScotland.B.HefollowedRidgwaytoexploretheNorthPole.C.Hewaschosenfortheschoolsportsteamasakid.D.HewasthefirstBritontoskialonetotheNorthPole.4.(延邊F)Theunderlinedword”Intrigued“inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans.5.(延邊F)ItcanbeinferredtatSaunders'journeytotheNorthPole.A.wasaccompaniedbyhisoldplaymatesB.setarecordintheNorthPoleexpeditionC.wassupportedbyotherArcticexplorersD.madehimwell-knowninthe1960s(延邊F)[(延邊F)[2、(延邊

考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解]1、A2、c3、B4、c5、A專家切脈]1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段第一句話可知答案為F)推理判斷題。從文中第四段知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由第二段知

B。B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由第三段知c項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，D項(xiàng)正確。3、(延邊F)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句話知A項(xiàng)正確。4、(延邊F)詞義猜想題。依據(jù)上下文，Saunders認(rèn)識(shí)了Ridg—way的成就，閱讀相關(guān)他的書本，確立了自己的人生目標(biāo)，可知intrigued意為好奇的。5、(延邊(延邊F)[(延邊F)(

F)推理判斷題。由文中倒數(shù)第二段可以推測(cè)，因材施教]1、B2、D3、A4、D5、B二)(典型例題優(yōu)選

B項(xiàng)正確。Lackofparentwillpowermaycontributemoretojuvenileobesitythanunder-exercisingorovereating.Researchsuggeststhathavingoverweightparentsisabig,influence(影響)uponachild'sweight,withonestudyfindingthatchildrenwithoverweightparentswerefourtimesmorelikelytobeoverweightthemselves.Thefindingsaddheattoanalreadyfiercepoliticalde-bate(爭(zhēng)論)overchildhoodobesity.ThePrimeMinister,JohnHoward,lastweekdecidedthat$116millionbeusedforprogramstodealwithobesity,whiletheOppositionLead-er,MarkLatham,recentlyannouncedthathispartywouldmovetoprotectchildrenfromunhealthyfoodadvertisements.ClareColinsaseniorlecturerattheUniversityofNew-castle,believessuchprogramswilldefinitelyfailunlesstheyinfluencethewayoflifeofwholefamilies.”Ifwecan'tgetparentstotakeactionagainsttheirownweightproblems,thenwecan'texpecttoinfluencetheirkids,“shesaid.However,Professor,LouiseBaurfromtheChildren'sHospitalatWestmead,doubtswhetheradulteducationpro-gramsofferanysolutiontoweightproblems.”Manyparentsknowtheyneedtoloseweightandtheyknowitinfluencestheirkids,buttheylackthewillpowertodoanythingaboutit.“The,10-yearstudyof150Americanchildrenfoundtwo-thirdsofchildrenwithoverweightparentsbecameover-weight.Onlyoneinsixchildrenwhoseparentswereofaver-ageweightbecameoverweight.ThepresidentoftheAustralasianSocietyfortheStudyofObesity,AssociateProfessorGaryWittert,saidparentsnee-dedhelpindoingtheirjobandtheOppositionParty'spolicy(政策)mightbeontherighttrack.”Weknowthatdrivingwithoutaseatbeltisunsafe,sowemakelawagainstit,“hesaid.”O(jiān)besityisamajorpublichealthconcern,sowhyshouldn'twechangethelawregardingunhealthyfoodads?“1.(延邊F)WhatisTRUEabouttheprogramssupportedbythePrimeMinister?A.Debatesonthemwillbecomelessfierce.B.Theywillbeeffectiveindealingwithobesity.C.Alargesumofmoneywillbespentonthem.D.Theywillinfluencepeople'swayoflife.(延邊(延邊

F)[F)[

考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解專家切脈

]A]從文中內(nèi)閣總理上禮拜決定將

11、6

億美元用于這項(xiàng)解決肥胖問題的計(jì)劃。所以可知一大筆錢將花在這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃上。(延邊F)[因材施教]C2.(延邊F)BothCollinsandBaurbelievethatoverweightparents.A.willcomeupwithbettersolutionsB.willhelpwiththeirchildren'seducationC.shouldbemoreactiveinreducingweightD.shouldcarryoutatleastl0years'study(延邊F)[考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解]B(延邊F)[專家切脈]Clarecollins以為假如超重的父親母親不可以解決自己的體重問題的話，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃將對(duì)孩子的影響很小。這說明他以為父親母親對(duì)孩子的影響很大。Baur以為好多父親母親知道他們需要減肥，父親母親超重對(duì)他們的孩子有影響、這說明父親母親對(duì)孩子的教育也會(huì)有幫助。(延邊F)[因材施教]C3.(延邊F)Accordingtosomeexperts,theOppositionParty'spolicy.A.canhelpfightagainstunemploymentB.mayprotectkidsfromunhealthyfoodadsC.shouldbebroughtbacktotherighttrackD.willworkwelltopreventtrafficaccidents(延邊F)[考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解]A(延邊F)[專家切脈]依據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知：專家們以為反對(duì)黨的政策可能在正確的軌道上，所以其政策可能幫助孩子不受不健康的食品廣告的影響。(延邊F)[因材施教]B(延邊F)專家會(huì)診此類試題要求考生在理解文章中直接陳說的看法或描述的事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上，意會(huì)作者的話中有話，從而得出吻合其意愿的結(jié)論。做題時(shí)應(yīng)注意：1、(延邊F)清楚理解所要解答的問題；2、(延邊F)認(rèn)真諦解文中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，作出吻合情理的推論；3、(延邊F)注意分析句子與句子、段落與段落之間的關(guān)系；4、(延邊F)試題中常有的標(biāo)記性句子：Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastpara-graph?What’stheattitudeoftheauthortowards

？Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby

？Whatconclusioncanbedrawfromthepassage.？Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat...(延邊F)考場(chǎng)思想訓(xùn)練(延邊F)(一)(典型例題優(yōu)選ThirteenvehicleslineduplastMarchtoraceacrosstheMojaveDesert,seekingamillioninprizemoney.Towin,theyhadtofinishthe142-mileraceinlessthan10hours.Teamsandwatchersknewtheremightbenowinneratall,becausethesevehiclesweremissingakeypartdrivers..Oneturnedupsidedown.Onetookoffinentirelythewrongdirectionandhadtobedisabledbyremote(遠(yuǎn)距離的)control.Onewentalittlemorethanamileandrushedintoafence;anothermanagedtogoforsixmilesbutstuckonarock.The”winner,“iftherewasany,reached7.8milesbeforeitranintoalong,narrowhole,andthefrontwheelscaughtonfire.”Yougetalotofrespectfornaturalabilitiesoftheliv-ingthings,“saysReinholdBehringer,whohelpeddesigntwoofthecar-sizevehiclesforacompanycalledSci-Auton-ics.”Evenants(螞蟻)candoallthesetaskseffortlessly.It'sveryhardforustoputtheseabilitiesintoourma-chines.“Theroboticvehicles,thoughwithnecessarymodernequipmentsuchasadvancedcomputersandGPSguidance,hadtroublefiguringoutfastenoughtheblocksaheadthatatwo-year-oldhumanrecognizesimmediately.Sure,thatveryyoungchild,whohasjustonlylearnedtowalk,maynotthinktowipeapplejuiceoffherface,butshealreadyknowsthatwhenthere'sacookieinthekitchenshehastoclimbupthetable,andthatwhenshegetstothecookieitwilltastegood.Sheismoreadvanced,evenmonthsold,thananyma-chinehumanshavedesigned.1(延邊F)Inthelastparagraph,thewriterimpliesthatthereisalongwaytogo.A.foraroboticvehicletofinisha142-mileracewithoutanydifficultiesB.foralittlechildwhohasjustlearnedtowalktoreachthecookieonthetableC.foraroboticvehicletodealwithasimpleproblemthatalittlechildcansolveD.foralittlechildtounderstandtheimportanceofwipingapplejuiceoffitsface1、c分析：這是一道推測(cè)題。alongwaytogo遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不可以。依據(jù)最后一段“sheismoreadvancedthananymachine”可知機(jī)器遠(yuǎn)不如人的智力。其余沒有提到。(延邊F)(二)(典型例題優(yōu)選Forcenturies,theonlyformofwrittencorrespondence(通信)wastheletter.Letterswere,andare,sentbysomeformofpostalservice,thehistoryofwhichgoesbackalongway.Indeed,theEgyptiansbegansendinglettersfromabout2000BC,asdidtheChineseathousandyearslater.Ofcourse,modernpostalservicesnowaremuchmoredevelopedandfaster,dependingastheydoonearsandplanesforedelivery.Yettheyarestilltooslowforsomepeo-pletosendurgentdocuments(緊迫文件)andletters.Theinventionofthefax(傳真)machineincreasedthespeedofdeliveringdocumentsevenmore.Whenyousendafaxyouaresendingacopyofapieceofcorrespondencetosomeonebytelephoneservice.Itwasnotuntiltheearly1980sthatsuehaservicewasdevelopedenoughforbusines-sestobeabletofaxdocumentstoeachother.Thefaxserviceisstillverymuchinusewhencopiesofdocumentsrequiretobesent,but,asawayoffasteorre-spendenee,ithasbeenlargelytakentheplaceofbye-mail,E-mailisusedtodescribemessagessentformonecomputerusertoanother.Thereareadvantagesanddisadvantageswithe-mails.Ifyousendsomeoneane-mail,thenhewillreceiveitextreme-lyquickly.Normalpostalservicesareratherslowasfarasspeedofdeliveryisconcerned.However,ifyouwritesomethingbye-mail,whichyoumightlaterregret,andsenditimmediately,thereisnochanceforsecondthoughts.Atleast,ifyouarepostingalet-teryouhavetoaddressandseal(gq)theenvelopeandtakeittothepostbox.Thereisplentyoftimetochangeyourmind.Themessageisthinkbeforeyoue-mail!1(延邊F)Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.A.e-mailislesspopularthanthefaxserviceB.thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomefasterC.thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomeslowerD.thefaxservicehasahistory-aslongasthepostalservicedoes2(延邊F)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.A.thefaxmachinewasinventedafterthe1980sB.lettershavebeenusedinChinaforabout1,000yearsC.thefaxservicehadbeenfullydevelopedbythe1980sD.lettershavebeenusedinEgyptforabout2,000years3(延邊F)Inthelastparagraph,thewritermentions”thinkbeforeyoue-mail“toshowthat.A.youmayregretifyoudon'tsealyourenvelopeB.youmayregretbeforeyousendsomethingbye-mailC.you'dbetternotsendyoure-mailinahurryD.youneedplentyoftimetosendane-mail4(延邊F)Thetextmainlydealswith.A.theprogressincorrespondenceB.theadvantageoffaxmachinesC.theadvantageofe-mailsD.theinventionoffaxmachines1、B分析：推理判斷題。由第二段第一句話可推知，本題選2、c分析：推理判斷題。

C。由第三

段中ItWasnotuntiltheearly1980sthatsuchaserviceWasdevelopedenoughforbusinessestobeabletofaxdocumentstoeachother、可推知本題選C。3、c分析：猜想作者看法和企圖題。由作者對(duì)郵寄和電子郵件的比較，可猜出作者觀點(diǎn)，本題應(yīng)選c。4、A分析：主旨馬虎題。本文主要描述通訊設(shè)施的發(fā)展，所以本題應(yīng)選A。(延邊F)命題角度4(延邊F)詞義理解(延邊F)(一)(典型例題優(yōu)選Earlyhumanbeingsusedveryfragilehousesandboats.Oftenstrongwindswouldtearroofsfromhousesorcausehighwavesthatendangeredtravelers.People'sfoodsuppliesweresimilarlyvulnerable.Evenaftertheyhadlearnedhowtoplantgrains,theystillneededhelpfromnaturetoensuregoodhar-vests.Thereforetheyfearedanddependedonthepowerofthewind,whichcouldbringwarmthfromonedirectionandcoldfromanother.1.(

延邊

F)Theunderlinedword

”vulnerable

“