專升本-7天語(yǔ)法shitai英語(yǔ)如講義有任何問(wèn)題加進(jìn)行解決

英語(yǔ)時(shí)主講教師大偉Davidhas/havehas/havebeenwas/werehadhadbeenwillwillbewillhavewillhavebeenwouldbewouldhavewouldhavebeen一般時(shí)/ItrainsinArollingstonegathersnomoss.滾石不生苔/戶樞不蠹ThesunrisesintheKnowledgeis②表示現(xiàn)時(shí)的狀態(tài)、TheystudyinthesameHeisaThesouptastesHespeaksfourYoulookterrific③表示習(xí)慣性、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)Hegetsupat6:30intheSheisalwaysontimeforherMyfatherdoesn’tDoyouoftenlistentothemorningIusuallygotoworkby④表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)Bobtakestheballforwardquickly,passesittoJohn;Johnshootsandyes,it’sagoal!【解說(shuō)體育賽事】Look,Inowtakethisendoftherope,placeitunderthebottle,andputtheotherend…【演示說(shuō)明HerecomesthebusTheregoesthebell.【用在herethere之后⑤表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)IwillletBobknowifIseehimtomorrow.【條件狀語(yǔ)從句Hewilltalkaboutitwithyouwhenyoumeet.【時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Theplaneleavesin30minutes.【表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃會(huì)發(fā)生的事Ihopeyougetbettersoon.【特殊句式I’llmakesurethisdoesn’thappenagain.【特殊句式Ihope/betthat…;seetoit/makesure/makecertainthat…⑥表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng) lsmeyou’regoingtoleaveBeijingnextIlearnthatheisonhisvacationinSouthl,say,hear,PeaceTalksFail【標(biāo)題中IsaacNewtonsays: 【已故者的評(píng)論或Thewarnedtheworkers.However,theseunarmedworkerspressonandon.【文學(xué)作品中的戲劇性描繪】練Bob gamesintheA.playedB. C. D.is musicand likes;listentoB.like;listenC.likes;listenstoD.like;listensTheysaidthe intheeast intherise; B.rises;C.rises; D.rose;Oneofthe aredT-A. B. C.there D.there inaschool.His inawork; B.work;areC.isworking; D.works;Wewillgoshopif A.don’tB.didn’tC.doesn’tD.isn’t7.The said,“suddenlytheandamaskedopens; B.opened;C.isopening;is D.opens;is hewillcometovisitmethis B.C.is D.willDoeshehasagoodTheynotdotheirinthe回表示客觀存在/永恒真理，不受時(shí)間表示現(xiàn)時(shí)的狀態(tài)、情表示習(xí)慣性、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)表示正在發(fā)生的表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的1.2①表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)（常與過(guò)去時(shí)間連用HevisitedourschoollastSheleft20minutesHowdidyougettheSomeofthemwerestudentsatthatThepartywasagreat②表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣動(dòng)TheboysoldcigarettesforaWeoftenplayedbasketballMygrandfatherlivedasimpleWealwaysdiscussedtheseproblemstillmid-nightatthat③口語(yǔ)中某些場(chǎng)合下表示委婉IwonderedifyoucouldgivemesomeCouldyoupass booktomeWouldyoudomeaIthoughtyoumightlikesome：般去所示時(shí)與在不動(dòng)或態(tài)已成為過(guò)去不復(fù)存在。Hismotherwasanurseallher （已Hismotherhasbeenanurseallherlife.（仍在世HelivedinBeijingfor15years.（已不在HehaslivedinBeijingfor15years.（還在，或剛剛搬走練1. A.listened;heard B.listened;C.havelistened; D.waslistened;Whendid theA.got B. C. D.arrivedWhenIwasyoung, gameswithmyA.playB.was C. D.have---Hedidn’tgoshopwithyouyesterday,did--- A.Yes,he B.No,heC.No,he D.Yes,heHegetstoschoolat7Icanflykites3yearsIdid MybrotherwenttoNanjing3daysago.（提問(wèn)劃線部分Whendidyourbrothergoto回表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)（常與過(guò)去時(shí)間連用表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣動(dòng)口語(yǔ)中某些場(chǎng)合下表示委婉的1.3①由will引導(dǎo)，表示對(duì)將來(lái)的預(yù)WewillknowtheresultsnextWillyoubetherethisWhatwillyoudowhenyoumeetIwon’tlanybodyaboutbegoingto引導(dǎo)，表示預(yù)Lookattheclouds.It’sgoingtoIt’s8o’clocknow.IamgoingtobeAccordingtothecurrentstatus,wearegoingtomeetthedeadlinewithoutanyproblem.Look!Heisgoingtowill與begoingwill---說(shuō)話者的個(gè)人預(yù)測(cè)，begoingto通常有較明顯的或①Ithinkhewillcome②Ithinkheisgoingtocomebegoingto可以表示馬上就發(fā)生，無(wú)力的事情，而will沒(méi)①Look!Heisgoingto在條件或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，通常用will而不用begoing①Youwillmakeitifyoutryreally②Youwillknowwhenyouget④其它可以表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示①They’rehavingapartythis②HeisflyingtoParis③I’mleaving帶有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，比begoingto更為確定一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)（請(qǐng)參考1.1-betodo/beabouttodo/bedueto等結(jié)①Whoistopayforthe②I’mabouttoleaveat4③Jasonisduetograduatenext練 ameetingtomorrowwillbegoing B.willgoingtoC.isgoingto D.willgotoherenextisn‘t B.doesn‘tC.isn‘tgoingto D.won‘t atalkshowheretomorrowisgoingto B.willC.isgoingto D.Basedonthesefacts,Ibelieve agood aregoingtoC.will D.willbe theprojectifyoualsothinkit’scan B.willC.amgoingto D.wantto回由will引導(dǎo)，表示對(duì)將來(lái)的預(yù)由begoingto引導(dǎo)，表示預(yù)willbegoingto的區(qū)個(gè)人預(yù)測(cè)vs.明顯跡馬上發(fā)生無(wú)力begoing時(shí)間、條件從句常用其它表示一般將來(lái)的用betodo/beabouttodo/beduetodo1.4①?gòu)倪^(guò)去的觀點(diǎn)看將要發(fā)生的事情，would+動(dòng)詞IthoughtthatprobablyhewouldjoinWeexpectedthatyouwouldgowithHetoldmethathewouldHesaidhewouldnevergothere②was/weregoingtoIthoughttherewasgoingtobeastormShesaidshewasgoingtostartoff ③過(guò)去進(jìn)行Hesaidthetrainwasleavingat5amthenextShesaidshewasn’tgoingoutthat練Thetrainisleavingrightnow,butJasonhasn'tarrived-Well,hesaid hereonAcame Ccanbe DwillbeTomsaid happyif toseehimnextAwas;come Bwas;wouldcomeCwouldbe; Dwillbe;Mymomsaid at6pmthenextA.may B.was C. D.will回would+動(dòng)詞was/weregoingtowas/wereto/aboutto/dueto進(jìn)行時(shí)2.1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行基本構(gòu)成 ①表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)--Hi,whatareyou--I’mngmylaundry.b)--Thephoneisringing.--I’llget②表示現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)的--Whatareyou ngrecently?---I’mworkingonanew--Whereareyouliving?---I’mlivingnearthetrainandwillmovetothesuburbnext③表示變化的過(guò)程，用于含“改變”意義的Let’shurryup.It’sgettingTheirattitudetowardthisissueisHisAmericandreamiscomingget,change, e,④表示將來(lái)確定的安I’mgettingmarriednextWe’rewatchingmoviestonight.I’vealreadygotthe有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)begoingtodo相比，有更加確定練 treesalongtheroadtheseA. B.are C.plantedD.haveListen! pianoinhisroomA.plays B.isplaying C.beingplaytheD.isplaying abroadinafewA.is B.goesC.can D.回表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的表示現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)的動(dòng)表示變化的過(guò)程，用于含“改變”意義表示將來(lái)確定的2.2基本構(gòu)成：was/were+①表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行Whatwereyoungat10amlastHewasworkingovertimelastnightatthesameI ng when ephoneShewassoscaredbecausesomeonewasfollowing②表示過(guò)去某個(gè)階段持續(xù)的動(dòng)From2001to2005，IwasworkingforABCTheywerepreparingfortheexamlastHewasthinkingofyouallthoseDuringthatperiod,I ng③表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作（參考1.4-3：一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)④描繪景象，設(shè)置故Itwasgettingdark.Theboywasplayingfootballwithclassmatesontheplayground.Itwasraining.Theoldservantwassittingatthewindowandwatchingpeopleonthestreet.Allofasudden…⑤口語(yǔ)中用來(lái)表達(dá)婉IwaswonderingifyoucouldletmeknowtheIwashothatyouwouldliketolendmeyourIwasthinkingthatmaybeyoucouldgothereby⑥過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般一般過(guò)去時(shí)→動(dòng)作已完成，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)→動(dòng)作在持續(xù)①Hewrotealettertohisfatherlast②Hewaswritingalettertohisfatherlast一般過(guò)去時(shí)→一次動(dòng)作，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)→①Shewavedto②Shewaswavingto練As thedinner,her cook;was B.wascooking;C.cooked; D.wascooking;wasThefirsttimeImetJanewaslastwinter.She asareceptionistattheA.hasworked wasworking C.hadbeenworking D.wouldThe bymymotherthismorning.WouldyouliketohaveA.was B.wasbeing C. D.was回表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的表示過(guò)去某個(gè)階段持續(xù)的動(dòng)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作（1.4-描繪景象，設(shè)置故事背口語(yǔ)中用來(lái)表達(dá)婉轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)區(qū)別（已完成-在持續(xù)；一次-重復(fù)2.3基本構(gòu)成：willbe+①表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行WewillbeflyingtoLondonnextThistimetomorrowwewillbesittingintheclassroomandhavingEnglishclass.Doyouthinkyouwillbeworkinghereintwoyears’②口語(yǔ)中可表示將來(lái)計(jì)劃好的I’llbemeetingmydentisttomorrowHewillbetakinghisfinalexamnextMr.Parkwillbegivingaspeechatthe大③口語(yǔ)中表示禮貌委婉/客觀描述，與willdo區(qū)別HowlongwillyoubestayingHowlongwillyoustayWhenwillyoubereturningtheWhenwillyoureturntheHewillnotbesendingthepapertoHewillnotsendthepaperto練Youcan’tmisshim. ablacksuitand whiteshirtwaitingforA.is B.willwearC. D.willbeIcantakethesebookstoMr.Smith’sofficeforsure.I ameetingwithhimat2pmtoday.A.can B.will C.willbe D.may回表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的口語(yǔ)中可表示將來(lái)計(jì)劃好的事情（與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)口語(yǔ)中表示禮貌委婉/客觀描述，與willdo2.4基本構(gòu)成：wouldbe+從過(guò)去視角看將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的IthinkJameswillbetakingcareofthisIthoughtJameswouldbetakingcareofthisHedoesn’tknowwhenshewillbeseeinghimHedidn’tknowwhenshewouldbeseeinghim完成時(shí)3.1基本構(gòu)成：have/has①表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（有可能剛剛結(jié)束，也Ihavebeenateacherfor10Hehasbeeninlovefor5Theoldladyhaslivedhereforover30②表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（有可能剛剛結(jié)束，也動(dòng)詞需要有延續(xù)Hehasfallenasleepfor3hours.Hehasbeenasleepfor3hours.Shehasmarriedforover3years.Shehasbeenmarriedforover3通常會(huì)跟延續(xù)性的時(shí)間since+時(shí)間/從HehastaughtusEnglishsinceIhaveworkedinthiscompanysinceIgraduatedfrom（since后動(dòng)詞多數(shù)為短暫、一般過(guò)去時(shí)It’sbeen2yearssinceIworkedinthiscompany.（特殊：延It’sbeen2yearssinceIwasinthisschool.（同上For+時(shí)間untilnow/sofar/upuntilin/over/during/for+thelast/pastseveralmonths/②表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去已經(jīng)完成，并沒(méi)有延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有（通常沒(méi)有延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)IhavelostmymobileJasonhascleanedhisTheelevatorhasbroken--Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?–Yes,I經(jīng)常與just,already,t只用于疑問(wèn)、否定句,never,la ever等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用HaveyoueverworkedinaHasitstoppedsnowingHehasalready②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間，通常只用一般過(guò)去①Ifinishedthereportlast②Shewashere1hour③Ihadmylunchat1pm①Ihavehadmyhair②Ihadmyhair③Ihavejusthadmylunchinthenew④Ihadmylunchinthenew其havebeentohavegoneIhavebeentoEuropemanyHehasgonetoWhohasbeenWherehasLilyhavegotHaveyougotaI’vegotabadI’vegotafewthingstotalkHehasn’tgot ideaaboutthehavegottohaveYou’vegottobeI’vegottoYou’vegottokeepaneyeonThisiswhatwe(have)gotto特殊句式下的出ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoItisthe3rdcupofcoffeethatIhavedrunkthisThisisthebestmoviethatIhaveeverThatistheeasiestjobIhaveeverThis/It/That+序數(shù)詞/+名詞+that從時(shí)間或條件句中代替將來(lái)完成IwillwriteasummarywhenIhavefinishedtheIwillgotoseeyouwhenIhavefinishedmyIfhehasn’tgotup,pleasedon’twakeDon’tmoveonunlessyouhavealreadyprepared練 (live)hereeversincehewas (be)inSingaporefor10 (go)to10days---Areyou---No, (have)someThisisthefirsttimethat (come)toYou’rethebestdoctor Iwillreturnthebooktohimwhen (receive)your回表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（有可能剛剛結(jié)束，也可能會(huì)持續(xù)下去需要有延續(xù)性，通常會(huì)跟延續(xù)性的時(shí)間與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別（有明確過(guò)去時(shí)間；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不明確其它常見(jiàn)結(jié)havebeento/havegonehavegot/havegotto/haveThis/It/That+序數(shù)詞/+名詞+that從時(shí)間或條件句中代替將來(lái)完成3.2基本構(gòu)成：had+在“過(guò)去”回顧“更遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去”，通常上下文中需有明確的一般Hehaslivedherefor10Hehadlivedherefor10yearswhenImovedShehadbeenateacherfor30yearswhensheIhadwaitedforhimforover3hourswhenhefinallyHehadstudiedEnglishfor6yearswhenheenteredWehadcollected1,000storiesbytheendoflastIhadfinishedmyreportbeforetheyWhenIarrivedJackhadjustShehadjustenteredherroombeforetheephoneThebabyhadfallenasleepwhenwewentintotheThatwasthefirsttimethatIhadcometoItwasthe3rdcupofcoffeethatIhaddrunkthatThatwasthebestmoviethatIhadeverThatwastheeasiestjobIhadever⑤表示過(guò)去未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、愿望等（非真實(shí)Ihadhoped thatwewouldleavetomorrow,butit’sbeginningtolookdifficult.Ihadplannedtoleaveearlierbuthewouldn’tletmeHehadintendedtoseeyouoffattheairport,buthewasstuckbysomethingelse.常見(jiàn)詞：hope,plan,intend,mean,want,suppose,think,練 inBeijingNormalUniversityfor4yearsbefore studied,had B.hadstudied,C.hasstudied, D.hadstudied,hadMarysaid Thailandfor5A.hasbeen B.hadbeen C.hadbeen D.hadgone (paint)thehousebefore Heasked duringthesummerwhereIhad B.whereIhadC.wherehadI D.wherehadIItwasthesecondtimethat (hear)the (plan)tomeetyou ,butIdidn’tcatchthe回It/That+序數(shù)詞/+名詞+that從句【3.1-4-d表示過(guò)去未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、愿望等（非真實(shí)3.3基本構(gòu)成：willhave+①站在“將來(lái)”看過(guò)去，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“將來(lái)Wewillhavefinishedourfinalexambynext動(dòng)作開(kāi)始的時(shí)間可能是過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在或者②表示動(dòng)作到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻剛剛停止或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)下去，表達(dá)延IwillhavelearntEnglishfor10yearsbytheendofthisWewillhavebeenherefor5yearsbythisShewillhaveworkedinthishospitalfor50yearswhensheretiresnextweek.③表示動(dòng)作到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)結(jié)束/完ThebuswillhaveleftwhenwegettotheIwillhavefinishedschoolwhenwemeetnextTheprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforenextAugust,whenWorldExpoistobeheldrighthere.練Bytheendofnextmonth, herefor5A.will B. C.willhave D.hasWhenyoucometonightat8o’clock, A.wouldfinishB.will C.willhavefinishedD.willbeThe (last)afullweekbythetimeit回站在“將來(lái)”看過(guò)去，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“將來(lái)”時(shí)間之件表示動(dòng)作到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)結(jié)束/完3.4基本構(gòu)成：wouldhave①站在“過(guò)去將來(lái)”的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，描述到該時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)Hetoldmethathewouldhavefinishedhisby7TheysaidtheywouldhavearrivedbyIguessedhewouldhavepreparedwellwhenwegot②用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣，常表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)IfIhadleftearlier,IwouldhavecaughttheIfwehadfoundthefaultinadvance,wewouldhaveavoidedthecomplaint.Iwouldhaveforgottenherbirthdayifyouhadn’treminded完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)4.1基本構(gòu)成：have/hasbeen+ng，兼有“完成”與“進(jìn)行”兩種意①表示長(zhǎng)期在延續(xù)的IhavebeenlearningEnglishformorethan10yearsHehasbeenlivinghereforover30Mr.Lihasbeenworkinginthiscompanysince15yearsVS.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)事IhavelearntEnglishformorethan10yearsHehaslivedhereforover30Mr.Lihasworkedinthiscompanysince15years.IhavelearntIhavebeenlearningHehaslivedinHehasbeenlivinginMr.LihasworkedinthisMr.Lihasbeenworkinginthis②表示近期一段時(shí)間內(nèi)延續(xù)的Wehavebeendiscussingtheproposal ThenewemployeehasbeenworkinghardtheseIhavebeenthinkingaboutgoingabroadforIhavebeenwantingtolyoutheHehasbeenmeaningtomeetyou *回憶：2.1-2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)的動(dòng)作，二者類③表示說(shuō)話時(shí)刻依然延續(xù)的事Wehavebeenwatching sforanhournow.Comeonandjoinus!Hehasbeenreadingthatbookforabout2hours.Heneedstotakeanexamaboutittomorrow.Ithasbeenrainingallday.I’mnotsurewhenitwillIhavebeenusingthemachineforthelast20minutesandIwillkeepgoingtillIcancomple ycontrolit.④表示說(shuō)話之前在延續(xù)的事Hehasbeenstudyingabroadandjustreturnedto[athome]---Youlooktired.---Yes,Ihavebeenworkingintheoffice.Mum:YourclothesaresoBoy:I’msorry.IhavebeenplayingfootballwithBecareful!Ihavebeencookingdinner.Theovenis示說(shuō)話之前在延續(xù)的事件vs.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)作沒(méi)有延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在3.1-2都是在說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)通常都不接持續(xù)性時(shí)間Myhandsaredirty.IhavebeenfixingtheIhavejustfixedtheBecareful.Ihavebeencookingdinner.TheovenisIhavecooked⑤也可與短暫動(dòng)詞、有限延續(xù)動(dòng)詞搭配，表IhavebeencomingtoChinafor10Hehasbeengoingtherefor5Ihavebeenchattingonlineforover2yearsandhavemadefriendsfromallovertheworld.Susanis theHRmanager.Shehasbeeninterviewingcandidatesformorethan8years.此時(shí)后面通常接較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的持續(xù)性時(shí)間⑥雖然可表重復(fù)性，但不能用來(lái)談?wù)搫?dòng)作的IhavebeencomingtoChina10timessoHehasbeengoingthere3timesthisShehasbeeninterviewing100candidatesformorethan8IhavebeencallingDavid5timesthis如談?wù)摼唧w次數(shù)，請(qǐng)用【現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練–I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthe--Ithinkso. foritforA.is B.wasC.hadbeen D.hasbeenCathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatABCschool,whereshe (study)Englishforayear.---Ihavegota---Nowonder. infrontofthatcomputertooA. B.are C.havebeen D. allday.Ihavenoideawhenit’sgoingtoA. B.has C.hasbeen D.is (go)toCanadafor5years.Heknowsquitealotaboutthe 5stoCharlessofarandI’mexpectinghisA. B. C.havebeen D.have回兼有“完成”與“進(jìn)行”兩種表示長(zhǎng)期在延續(xù)的事件（對(duì)比：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)事件表示近期一段時(shí)間內(nèi)延續(xù)的事件（與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)類似表示說(shuō)話時(shí)刻依然延續(xù)的事表示說(shuō)話之前在延續(xù)的事件（也可與短暫動(dòng)詞、有限延續(xù)動(dòng)詞搭配，表示重復(fù)事（在完成時(shí)）4.2①表示過(guò)去長(zhǎng)期延續(xù)ShehadbeenstudyingGermanfor2yearsbeforeshewenttoIhadbeenlookingforherforover6monthswhenIfoundherinasupermarketnearby.②表示過(guò)去近期延續(xù)Shelookedexhausted.Iknowshehadbeenworkingreallyhar