初中虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解和專項(xiàng)練習(xí)和的答案解析帶解析

...wd......wd......wd...虛擬語(yǔ)氣專練Ienjoyedthemovieverymuch.IwishI_____thebookfromwhichitwasmade.A.havereadB.hadreadC.shouldhavereadD.arereadingYouarelate.Ifyou_____afewminutesearlieryou_____him.AewouldmeetB.hadcomewouldhavemetC.comewillmeetD.hadcomewouldmeet3.Thetwostudentstalkedasifthey_____friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeenItisimportantthatI_____withMr.Williamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeakHelookedasifhe_____illforalongtime.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeenIfthedoctorhadcomeearlierthepoorchildwouldnot_____.A.havelaidtherefortwohoursB.havebeenliedtherefortwohoursC.haveliedtherefortwohoursD.havelaintherefortwohoursIwishthatI_____withyoulastnight.A.wentB.couldgoC.havegoneD.couldhavegone8.Let’ssayyoucouldgothereagainhow_____feelA.willyouB.shouldyouC.wouldyouD.doyou9.Ican’tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_____everything.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown10._____thefogweshouldhavereachedourschool.A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Butfor11.IfyouhadtoldmeinadvanceI_____himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet12.Mikecantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach13.IwouldhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossiblebutI_____sobusythen.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.wouldbe14.He’sworkinghardforfearthathe_____.A.shouldfallbehindB.fellbehindC.mayfallbehindD.wouldfallenbehindIfit_____anothertenminutesthegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.A.hadrainedB.wouldhaverainedC.haveseenD.rained16.Hesuggestedthatthey_____useatrickinsteadoffighting.A.ShouldB.wouldC.doD.had17.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYorkthedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.A.notwentB.won’tgoC.notgoD.nottogo18.IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad19.WouldyouratherI_____buyinganewbikeA.decidedagainstB.willdecideagainstC.havedecidedD.shalldecideagainst20.Youlooksotiredtonight.Itistimeyou_____.A.gotosleepB.wenttosleepC.gotobedD.wenttobed21.—Whydidn’tyoubuyanewcar—IwouldhaveboughtoneifI_____enoughmoney.A.hadB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.hadhad22.Ifshecouldsew_____.A.shemakeadressB.shewouldhavemadeashirtC.shewillmakeashirtD.shewouldhadmadeacoat23._____todayhewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves24.Hisdoctorsuggestedthathe_____ashorttripabroad.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.took25.TheBakersarrivedlastnight.Ifthey’donlyletusknowearlier_____atthestation.A.we’dmeetthemB.we’llmeetthemC.we’dhavemetthemD.we’vemetthem26.IfI_____youI_____moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.wasshallpayB.amwillpayC.wouldbewouldpayD.werewouldpay27.Wemighthavefailedifyou_____usahelpinghand.A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive28.Thelawrequiresthateveryone_____hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.willhave29.Itisstrangethathe_____so.A.wouldsayB.wouldspeakC.shouldsayD.willspeak30.HadIknownhername_____A.ordoessheknowmineB.andwheredoessheliveC.shewouldbebeautiful.D.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch.Hehasjustarrivedbuthetalksasifhe_____allaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knewIfI_____themoneyIwouldhaveboughtamuchbiggercar.possessedB.ownedC.hadD.hadhadHewasverybusyyesterdayotherwisehe_____tothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.willcome34.ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn_____nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehasborrowed.A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takesIleftveryearlylastnightbutIwishI_____soearly.A.didn’tleaveB.hadn’tleftC.haven’tleftD.couldn’tleave36.Idonothaveajob.IwouldfindonebutI_____notime.A.hadB.didn’thaveC.hadhadD.have37.Iwishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseI’msurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadn’tB.didn’thavehadC.hadn’thadD.hadn’thave38.Heinsistedthatweall_____inhisofficeatoneo’clock.A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe39.Helencouldn’tgotoFranceafterall.That’stoobad.I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif_____.A.she’sgoneB.she’llgoC.she’dgoneD.she’dgo40.Imustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatI_____anhourbeforethediscussionbegins.A.goB.shallgoC.willgoD.wouldgo英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解語(yǔ)氣(mood)是一種動(dòng)詞形式，用以表示說話者的意圖或態(tài)度。英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)氣有三種：陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。直陳語(yǔ)氣(indicativemood),表示所說的話是事實(shí)。祈使語(yǔ)氣(imperativemood),表示所說的話是請(qǐng)求或命令。虛擬語(yǔ)氣(subjunctivemood),表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。一.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法之前我們必須清楚條件句的種類：條件句有真實(shí)條件句與非真實(shí)條件句(或稱虛擬條件句)兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句都用陳述語(yǔ)氣。如：Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,Iwillgoforapicnic.假假設(shè)明天不下雨，我就去野餐。Oilfloatsifyoupouritonwater.你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起來。虛擬條件句所表的假設(shè)那么是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式〔be的過去式用were〕should〔would,might，could〕+動(dòng)詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)+had+過去分詞should〔would,might，could〕+have＋過去分詞與將來事實(shí)可能相反If主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式〔be的過去式用were〕；should＋動(dòng)詞原形；wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形should〔would,might，could〕+動(dòng)詞原形與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過去式(be的過去式用were),主句的謂語(yǔ)用should〔would,might，could〕+動(dòng)詞原形。如：Ifitwerenotraining,weshouldgoforapicnic.如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話，我們就出去野餐了?！彩聦?shí)是：天在下雨，我們不能出去野餐。表示愿望?！矷fhecamehere,hemightbeabletohelpyou.如果他來這，他就能夠幫助你了?！彩聦?shí)是：他沒來這，他不可能幫助你。表示對(duì)他的良好印象。〕與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用had+過去分詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)用should〔would,might，could〕+have＋過去分詞。如：Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話，她就會(huì)去參加這次聚會(huì)了?！彩聦?shí)是：當(dāng)時(shí)沒有人邀請(qǐng)她，因此，她沒有來參加聚會(huì)。表示懊悔?！矷fshehadn'tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.今天早上，她要是不叫我的話，我就會(huì)睡過頭了?！彩聦?shí)是：她今天早上叫我了，我沒有睡過頭。表示感謝?！?.與將來事實(shí)可能相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過去式(be的過去式用were)；should＋動(dòng)詞原形；wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形，主句用should〔would,might，could〕+動(dòng)詞原形。如：IfIweretobetwentyyearsoldnextyear,IwouldtakethecourseofFrench.明年我要是二十歲，我就會(huì)學(xué)法語(yǔ)?！彩聦?shí)是：我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)老了，明年我學(xué)不了法語(yǔ)了?！矷fitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.要是失敗了，我會(huì)再試一次。〔事實(shí)是：有可能失敗，可我會(huì)再試。表示未知?！程摂M過去式有時(shí)并不表示“不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè)〞，而是表示一種希望或不希望發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Ifwecaughttheearlytrain,we’dgettherebylunchtime.假設(shè)我們趕上早班火車，到午飯時(shí)間我們就會(huì)到達(dá)那里了。(表希望)Ifwemissedthetrain,weshouldhavetowaitanhouratthestation.假設(shè)我們趕不上這班火車，我們就得在車站等一小時(shí)?！脖聿幌Ｍ?.混合型的條件句當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互照應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見的混合型條件句是從句用過去完成時(shí)〔指過去行為〕，而主句用一般時(shí)〔指目前狀態(tài)〕。Hewouldpassthetestifhehadtakenmyadvice．如果他聽了我的勸告，他現(xiàn)在會(huì)通過考試。IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.假設(shè)昨天我對(duì)他說了，現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了。Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.假設(shè)你承受了我的意見，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好得多。如條件從句用ifIwere...，主句那么可用表任何時(shí)間的虛擬形式。如：IfIwerenotbusy,Iwouldhavecome.假設(shè)我不忙，我就會(huì)去了。(were表過去)IfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.假設(shè)我是你，我會(huì)去的。(were表現(xiàn)在)二.連詞if的省略如果虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)局部有were，had和should時(shí)，可省略if，把were，had和should放到從句主語(yǔ)前面去，多見于書面語(yǔ)。Hadyounothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.要是沒有你的幫助，我就失敗了。Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.假設(shè)你處在我的地位，你也會(huì)這樣干的。Shouldtheyattackus,we’llwipethemoutcompletely.假設(shè)他們進(jìn)攻我們，我們就把他們徹底消滅干凈。三.含蓄條件句虛擬條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。含蓄條件句大體有三種情況。1)條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中。如：Butforyourhelpwecouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.如果沒有你的幫助，我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)是不會(huì)成功的。(暗含在分詞短詞butforyourhelp)WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?如沒有你，我會(huì)怎么辦呢？(條件暗含在介詞短語(yǔ)withoutyou中)Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway.這樣做會(huì)比擬容易。(條件暗含在不定式短語(yǔ)todoitthisway中)Thissamething,happeninginwartime,amounttodisaster.同樣的事，如發(fā)生在戰(zhàn)時(shí)，就會(huì)釀成大禍。(條件暗含在分詞短語(yǔ)happeninginwartime中)Hemusthavethestrengthofahippopotamus,orhenevercouldhavevanquishedthatgreatbeast.他一定是力大如河馬，否那么他絕不會(huì)擊敗那只龐大的野獸。(暗含條件是連詞or)Alone,hewouldhavebeenterrified.如是單獨(dú)一人，他是會(huì)感到害怕的。(暗含條件是alone)2)條件暗含在上下文中。如：Youmightstayhereforever.你可以永遠(yuǎn)待在這兒。(可能暗含ifyouwantedto)Wewouldhavesucceeded.我們本來是會(huì)成功的。(可能暗含ifwehadkepttrying)Yourreputationwouldberuined.你的名譽(yù)會(huì)敗壞的。(可能暗含ifyoushouldacceptit)3)在不少情況下，虛擬式已變成習(xí)慣說法，很難找出其暗含的條件。如：Youwouldn’tknow.你不會(huì)知道。Iwouldliketocome.我愿意來。四.不用if引導(dǎo)的條件從句虛擬條件句中的條件從句除用if引外，還可用when,unless,lest,suppose,asif,forfear,incase,oncondition等詞語(yǔ)來引導(dǎo)。如：Thepeasantspreparedtofeedthecitywhenitshouldbefreed.農(nóng)民已準(zhǔn)備在這座城市解放后供應(yīng)糧食。Lestyoushouldnothaveheardall,Ishallbeginatthebeginning.我怕你沒有聽全，所以我再?gòu)念^開場(chǎng)講一遍。UnlessIwerewell,Iwouldn’tbeatschool.除非我好了，否那么我不會(huì)上學(xué)。SupposeyouweregivenachancetostudyinAmerica,wouldyouaccept?假設(shè)給你一個(gè)到美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)機(jī)，你會(huì)承受嗎？〔suppose或supposing=whatif〕Supposingitwereso？〔=Supposingitwereso，whatwouldhappen？〕要是這樣的話，會(huì)怎么樣呢？Hecanusethebicycleonconditionthatheshouldreturnittomorrow如果明天能還回來，他就可以借用這輛自行車。IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeofmypromise如果我忘了，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐业闹Z言。Susaniswalkingslowly,asifsheweretired.蘇珊走得很慢，就像是累了似的。與if一樣，上述詞語(yǔ)所引導(dǎo)的條件從句亦可用直陳語(yǔ)氣，表可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或發(fā)生的事。1—5BBDAD6—10DDCAD11—15CDCAA16—20ACAAD21—25DBCCC26—30DCCCD31—35DDCCB36—39DCAC解析：1.wish后面用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。2.條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句用過去將來完成時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。3.asif后面如果表示真實(shí)情況就不用虛擬。4.Itisimportantthat是主語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句用sb.shoulddo的形式。5.asif后面是真實(shí)情況，不虛擬。6.lain是lie的過去分詞，表示“