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KeyWordsandExpressionsTextATechnologyandHappiness1.IntheUnitedStates,forinstance,grossdomesticproduct
percapitatripledfrom1950to2000.Lifeexpectancy
soared.(Para.1)grossdomesticproductpercapita=GDP,人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值Hisgrossannualincome,beforetax,isjust$12,000.GDP≠GNP(grossnationalproduct,國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值)GDP—Themonetaryvalueofallthefinishedgoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountry'sbordersinaspecifictimeperiodGNP—Thetotalmonetaryvalueofallthegoodsandservicesproducedbyanationduringaspecifiedtimeperiod1-2
TextATechnologyandHappinesstriple(v.)=growtothreetimestheamountornumber(增至三倍)Noteotherrelatedverbs:double翻一番
triple三倍于;(使)增至三倍quadruple四倍于;(使)增至四倍quintuple五倍于;(使)增至三五倍increasebyXtimes/folds
soar(v.)riserapidlyortoaveryhighlevel驟升,猛增,騰飛如今一座座高樓在這里拔地而起。High-risingbuildingssoarfromtheland.人們?cè)跀?shù)字世界里自由翱翔。Peoplesoarfreelyinthisdigitalworld.2-2
TextATechnologyandHappiness2.TheboominproductivityafterWorldWarIImadegoodsbetterandcheaperatthesametime.Thingsthatwereonce
luxuries,suchasjettravelandlong-distancephonecalls,becamenecessities.(Para.1)boom(n.)aperiodofhigheconomicgrowthcharacterizedbyrisingwages,profits,andprices,fullemployment,andhighlevelsofinvestment,trade,andothereconomicactivities繁榮(時(shí)期),迅速增長(zhǎng)(期),景氣ThereportischaracterizedbyitsuniqueanalysisoftherealestatemarketboominChina.這篇報(bào)道的特點(diǎn)在于它對(duì)中國(guó)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)繁榮的獨(dú)特分析。我爸爸是五十年代生育高峰期出生的。Myfatherisamemberofthebabyboomgenerationinthe1950s.1-2
TextATechnologyandHappinessThingsthatwereonceluxuries,suchas…,becamenecessities.“l(fā)uxuries”and“necessities”hereformacontrast.boom(v.)toprosperorcausetoprospervigorouslyandrapidly興隆WiththefinalrecoveryoftheGreatDepression,economyinAmericagraduallyboomed,especiallytherealestatebusiness.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條的最終恢復(fù),美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)逐漸興盛起來(lái),尤其是房地產(chǎn)業(yè)。2-2
TextATechnologyandHappiness3.Infact,thepercentageofpeoplewhosaytheyare“veryhappy”hasfallenslightlysincetheearly1970s—eventhoughtheincomeofpeoplebornin1940has,onaverage,increasedby116percentoverthecourseoftheirworkinglives.(Para.2)
onaverage
inmostcases,usually大多情況下,通常,平均Arecentstudyshowsthatchildrengetcellphonesatage8
on
average.一項(xiàng)最近的研究顯示,兒童平均擁有手機(jī)的年齡為八歲。BarbecuingislovedbyAmericansinparticular—3outof4Americanhouseholdsownagrillandtheyuseit
onaverage
5timespermonth.美國(guó)人格外喜愛燒烤,四分之三的美國(guó)家庭擁有燒烤架,并且平均每個(gè)月使用五次。1-1
TextATechnologyandHappiness4.Easterlinshowedthatwhenitcametodevelopedcountries,therewasnorealcorrelationbetweenanation’sincomelevelanditscitizens’happiness.Money,Easterlinargued,couldnotbuyhappiness—atleastnotafteracertainpoint.Easterlinshowedthatthoughpovertywasstrongly
correlatedwithmisery,onceacountrywassolidlymiddle-class,gettingwealthierdidnotseemtomakeitscitizensanyhappier.(Para.3)correlation(n.)相關(guān)度/關(guān)聯(lián)
—link,connection,relationshipcorrelate(vt.)(~…with)Doyoubelievethatone’swayoflearningiscloselycorrelatedwithhislearningeffect?你是否認(rèn)為,一個(gè)人的學(xué)習(xí)方法與他的學(xué)習(xí)效果密切相關(guān)?Theresearcherscannotcorrelatethetwosetsoffigures.研究者們看不出這兩組數(shù)據(jù)有什么關(guān)聯(lián)。1-1
TextATechnologyandHappiness5.Onefamousstudyshowedthatalthoughwinnerswerevery,veryhappywhentheywon,theirextremeexcitementquicklyevaporated,andafterawhiletheirmoodsandsenseofwell-beingwereindistinguishablefromwhattheyhadbeenbeforethevictory.(Para.4)evaporate
(v.)causetochangeintoavapor;becomelessintenseandfadeawaygradually蒸發(fā);消失vapor(n.
蒸氣)→evaporate(v.
蒸發(fā))→evaporation(n.
蒸發(fā))陽(yáng)光很快就會(huì)將水蒸發(fā)掉。Thesunevaporateswaterveryquickly.小心,不要因?yàn)檎舭l(fā)作用而失去過多的水分。Becarefulnottolosetoomuchliquidbyevaporation.1-2Reason?—
Peopleadaptveryquicklytogoodnews.indistinguishable(adj.)exactlyalike;incapableofbeingperceivedasdifferent不能辨別的,不能區(qū)分的Johnisknownasasuperbaker:aBigMacboughtinMcDonaldisindistinguishablefromthesamehamburgerinhisbakery.約翰是一位超級(jí)烘培師,在麥當(dāng)勞買的巨無(wú)霸與在他店里買的漢堡包沒什么區(qū)別。蝙蝠可以發(fā)出一種為人耳所不易察覺的聲音。Batscouldmakeasoundthatwasindistinguishabletothehumanear.Collocation:distinguishAfromBdistinguish
betweenAandBTextATechnologyandHappiness2-26.Youcanseethisprincipleatworkintheworldof
technologyeveryday.(Para.5)atwork:havinganeffectonsth.Thepillsareatwork,andheissleepinglikealognow.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們正在研究通貨膨脹在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的作用。Economistsarenowstudyingtheinflationaryforcesatworkintheeconomy.TextATechnologyandHappiness
makenodifference:
notmatteratall
Thechildalwaysfeltneglectedbyhisfamily,andnomatterhowhardhetriedtodoeverything,itmadenodifference.
Youcanhaveasingleordoubleroom,—itmakesnodifferencetotheprice.TextATechnologyandHappiness7.Doesourfastassimilationoftechnologicalprogressmean,then,thattechnologymakesnodifference?(Para6)TextATechnologyandHappiness8.No.Itjustmakesthequestionoftechnology’simpact,forgoodorill,morecomplicated.(Para.6)
forgoodorill:
whethertheresultsaregoodorbad不論好歹不管怎么樣,使用者已經(jīng)極大地影響了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展。Forgoodorill,usershavegreatlyinfluencedthedevelopmentoftheInternet.Butbiotechnologywillalsobecomeagamethatalmostanyonecanplay—forfunorprofit;recklesslyorresponsibly;forgoodorill.但生物技術(shù)也由此可能成為人人皆可參與的游戲——這些人有的為樂趣或?yàn)槔麧?rùn),有人冒冒失失有人胸懷責(zé)任,有人用心良苦也有人居心叵測(cè)。1-19.Telemarketing,trafficjams,andidentitytheftall
cometomind.(Para6)cometomind:make(one)suddenlythinkof
Themomentwhenhelockedthedoor,itcametohismindthathelefthiswalletintheroom.看到這幅圖,你第一個(gè)會(huì)想到什么東西?
Atsightofthispicture,whatisthefirstthingthatcomestoyourmind?TextATechnologyandHappiness10.
fragile
(Para7)a.easilybrokenordamagedTheporcelainplatesaresofragilethatwemusthandlethemwithcare.Twoambulanceattendantspickeduphisfragilebodyandputhimontoastretcher.建立在利益基礎(chǔ)上的友誼是脆弱的。Friendshipbasedoninterestisfragile.TextATechnologyandHappinessTextATechnologyandHappiness11.Thenotionthattechnologydisruptsrelationshipsand
fracturescommunitygainedmainstreamprominenceasanattackontelevision.(Para.7)
disrupt
(vt.)bringorthrowintodisorder
Protestersdisruptedthecandidate’sspeech.轉(zhuǎn)校,尤其是在11歲至16歲之間,很容易打斷一個(gè)孩子的教育。Movingtoanewschoolcaneasilydisruptachild’seducation,especiallybetweentheagesofelevenandsixteen.Collocations:disrupttraffic
引起交通混亂
disruptschedule擾亂計(jì)劃1-1fracture:v.
(causeto)breakorcrack
Theoldladyfelldownthestairs,andherrightlegfracturedintwoplaces.他被提名破壞了權(quán)利的微妙平衡。Thenominationofhimfracturedthedelicatebalanceofpower.TextATechnologyandHappiness12.Thenotionthattechnologydisruptsrelationshipsand
fracturescommunitygainedmainstreamprominenceasanattackontelevision.(Para.7)
prominence
(n.)thestateorqualityofbeingprominent突出,顯著,重要這位年輕的時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師聲望越來(lái)越高。
Thisyoungfashiondesignerisrisingtoprominence.
TheChinesecivilizationhasalwaysgivenprominencetounremittingself-improvement,reformandinnovation.中華文明歷來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)自強(qiáng)不息,革故鼎新。嶄露頭角
重視1-1
1.Whatdopeopleblametelevisionmainlyfor?Televisionistoblamemainlyforinterferingwiththesmoothdevelopmentofrelationshipsbetweenpeopleandbreakingupcommunityunity.2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.人們對(duì)電視的批評(píng)主要集中在以下方面:技術(shù)擾亂了人際關(guān)系、破壞了社區(qū)交往。TextATechnologyandHappiness13.Today,technologicalchangeissorapidthatwhenyoubuysomething,youdosoknowingthatinafewmonthsthere’sgoingtobeabetter,fasterversionoftheproduct,andthatyou’regoingtobe
stuckwiththeoldone.Someoneelse,inotherwords,hasitbetter.It’sasifdisappointmentwere
builtintoacquisitionfromtheverybeginning.(Para.9)be
stuck
withhaveordealwithsth.unwantedunwillingly被…纏住無(wú)法擺脫Shallwebe
stuck
withtherainydaysuntiltheendoftheholiday?
我們得一直等到假度完了才能擺脫這下雨天嗎?Iam
stuck
withtheworkwhichisfarbeyondmyabilityintheend.那個(gè)我根本完成不了的工作最終還是推給我了。1-1TextATechnologyandHappiness14.Thepointisobvious:thevastmajorityofpeoplearehappytobealive,andthemoretimetheygetonearth,thebetter
offtheyfeelthey’llbe.Butuntilveryrecently,lifeforthevastmajorityofpeoplewasnasty,rough,andshort.Technologyhaschangedthat,atleastforpeopleintherichworld.(Para.10)
rough(adj.)(offoodandlivingconditions)notdelicateorcomfortable;simple(食物、生活環(huán)境等)粗陋,簡(jiǎn)陋的Howcouldyouhavethehearttoletalittlegirlof6todosucharoughjob?你怎么能忍心讓一個(gè)六歲的小女孩干這么重的活兒呢?Theseahadbeenroughandtheskiesgrayalmostallthewayover.幾乎一路上都是海濤洶涌,天空灰暗。1-1DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessMoney,Easterlinargued,couldnotbuyhappiness--atleastnotafteracertainpoint.(para3.L32)1-3Whatdoesthissentenceimply?Moneycan’tbringpeoplehappiness,atleastwhenpeople’swealthhasreachedtoacertainlevel.Translation:
可是,現(xiàn)代的技術(shù)評(píng)論文章多半都沒有把焦點(diǎn)集中在具體的、有害的技術(shù)上,而是集中在了技術(shù)對(duì)人際關(guān)系的影響上。Paraphrase:However,currentcommentsontechnologyhavemostlycenteredonthebadeffectsoftechnologyonourhumanrelationshipsratherthanparticular,harmfultechnologies.DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessButforthemostpart,moderncritiquesoftechnologyhavefocusednotsomuchonspecific,badtechnologiesastheimpactoftechnologyonourhumanrelationships.(Para.6)notsomuch…as…=與其說(shuō)……不如說(shuō)(否定前者,肯定后者)Heisnotsomuchgeniusasahardworker.Happinesshingesnotsomuchonwealthasonhealth.他的努力勝于天分??鞓放c其說(shuō)在于財(cái)富倒不如說(shuō)在于健康。1-3DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessToday,technologicalchangeissorapidthatwhenyoubuysomething,youdosoknowingthatinafewmonthsthere’sgoingtobeabetter,fasterversionoftheproduct,andthatyou’regoingtobestuckwiththeoldone.(Para.9)1.Withtechnologychangingsorapidly,isitpossibleforpeopletobuythebestproduct?Whyorwhynot?Wehavetokeepitevenifwedon’tlikeitanymore.2.Whatcanwedowiththeoldversionoftheproduct?No,becauserapiddevelopmentoftechnologywillalwayssoonproduceabetterone.TextATechnologyandHappinessIt’sasifdisappointmentwerebuiltintoacquisitionfromtheverybeginning.(Para.9)Whatdoesthissentencemean?Itseemsasifpeopleweredoomedtodisappointmentthemomenttheyboughttheproduct.DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappiness日常生活的壓力、一種令人煩惱的失望感、對(duì)政府知道你的情況超出你希望程度的恐懼感——這些顯然都是技術(shù)降低了人們幸福感的幾個(gè)方面。Dailystress,anannoyingsenseofdisappointment,fearthatthegovernmentknowsalotmoreaboutyouthanyouwouldlikeitto—theseareobviouslysomeofthewaysinwhichtechnologyreducespeople’ssenseofwell-being.(Para10)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.TextATechnologyandHappiness…themoretimetheygetonearth,thebetterofftheyfeelthey’llbe.(Para10)Whatdoesthissentencemean?…thelongerlifepeopleliveintheworld,thehappiertheyfeelthey’llbe.“howvaluablefor…arethebenefits…”isanexclamatorysentence(感嘆句)usedasanobjectclausefor“remembering”.Thedeclarative
sentence(陳述句)canbe“thebenefitsthat
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