2016年11月北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(yǔ)統(tǒng)一考試及答案

2016年11月北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(yǔ)統(tǒng)一考試PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecide0,7thebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:AstheNationalParkServicecelebratesits100thanniversary(周年紀(jì)念)，PresidentBarackObamahasannouncedtheestablishmentofonenewnationalmonument,andtheexpansion(擴(kuò)大)ofanother.InMaine,morethan87,500acresofforestwillbecomegovernment-protectedparklandforthefirsttime.InHawaii,anationalmonumentcreatedbyPresidentGeorgeW.Bushin2006willexpandtoabout582,578squaremiles,fourtimesitscurrentsize.Obamahasnowcreatedorenlarged26nationalmonumentsduringhispresidency.Asaresult,hisadministrationsays,Obamahasprotectedmoreofthenation'slandthananyotherpresidenthas.Butsomeresidentsandofficials,inbothMaineandHawaii,objecttotheplans.(76)Theysaytheirlocaleconomiesdependontheuseoftheseareas.Inestablishingthismonument,Obamatookthesideofconservationists(自然資源保護(hù)者)whowantlawstoprotectwildlands.CreatinganationalparkusuallyrequirestheapprovalofCongress.Buta1906federallawallowsthepresidenttoestablishnationalmonumentsonhisown.Theland'snewstatusasamonumentmeansthatmininganddrillingoperationsareforbiddenthere.(77)Itmayalsoseverelylimitactivitiessuchaslogging,road-building,andhunting.SomeofMaine'spoliticianswhowanttoprotectthestate'sloggingindustriessayObamashouldnothaveactedalone.TheysayWashingtonshouldnottellthestateshowtousetheirland,especiallywhenpeople'sjobsareatstake.MainepoliticianSusanCollinssaidthepresidentshouldhavelistenedtoMainelawmakersandresidents,aswellastotheU.S.Congress,beforemakinghisdecision.However,thosewhosupportthepresident'sdecisionsaytheestablishmentofthenewmonumentwillleadtonewjobsthroughtourism.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?1/27CreatingNewJobsProtectingWildAnimalsStimulatingLocalEconomiesCreatingNewNationalMonumentsObamahasestablishedorenlargednationalmonumentsduringhistwoterms.19202630Innationalmonuments,isforbidden.logginghuntingminingroad-buildingThephraseatstakeinParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto.inreturnindangeratpresentbychanceAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?ThenationalmonumentinHawaiiwascreatedbyPresidentBush.ThereisnoobjectiontoPresidentObama'sdecision.PresidentObamamadethisdecisiononhisown.Theestablishmentofthenewmonumentwillleadtonewjobs.Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Toronto'sthirdCityHall,nowknownasOldCityHall,wasdesignedbyEdwardJamesLennoxanddeclaredopenonSept.18,1899.Createdtoprovidemorespaceforcityofficials,itturnedouttobethelargestbuildinginthecityandthelargestcitybuildinginNorthAmericaatthetime.LennoxtookthreeyearstodesigntheCityHallandittook11yearstobuildit.Contemporaries2/27believethattheoddcarvings（雕刻）abovetheQueenStreetentrancewereactuallycaricatures（漫畫(huà)）ofcouncilorsatthetime.Lennoxevenincludedhimselfinthecaricatures,onthewestsideofthecentralarch（拱門(mén)）,andleftastrangesignatureinthestoneworkofthelinkportionsofthebuilding.ThethirdCityHallwasoriginallyusedascouncilors'officesandlegaloffices,butitisusedonlyasacourthousetoday.WhenthefourthCityHall（theoneweknowtoday）wasdeclaredopenin1965,OldCityHallwasthreatenedtobepulleddown.Itwassavedbyagroupofpeoplecalledthe"FriendsofOldCityHall."TheclocktowerstandsparallelwiththemiddleofBayStreet,ratherthanwiththecenterofthebuilding.Thebellsinthetowerwerenotinstalleduntilthebuildingopened.OldCityHallwasdeclaredahistoricalsitein1989.Theentirestructurecostmorethan$2.5milliontobuildatthetime.Thisisequalto$53milliontoday.Toronto'sthirdCityHallcameintousein.the18thcenturythe19thcenturythe20thcenturythe21stcenturyOldCityHallwasconstructedinyears.37911ThethirdCityHallisnowusedasa.middleschoolhospitalcinemacourthouseFromthepassagewelearnthat.3/27Torontospendslotsofmoneyyearlydevelopingthecitysomelocalresidentsshowedagreatinterestinprotectingthecity'sculturalsitetheCityCouncilofTorontohasn'tpaidsufficientattentiontotheprotectionofthecity'sculturetheCityHallisstillthelargestcitybuildinginNorthAmericatodayWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage'?TobuildastructureliketheCityHallwillcost$2.5milliontoday.TheclocktowerstandsparallelwiththecentreoftheCityHall.OldCityHallwasoncepulleddowninthedevelopmentofthecity.OldCityHallisnowahistoricalsite.Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:IftheDakotaAccessPipeline(輸油管)iscompleted,itwillcarrynearlyhalfamillionbarrelsofoilacrossfourstateseveryday.EnergyTransferPartners(ETP),aTexas-basedcompanybehindthe$3.8billionproject,hopestofinishconstructionthisyear.ButtheStandingRockSioux,anAmericanIndiantribe(部落),isdeterminedtostopthe1,172-milepipelinefrombeingbuilt.(79)Bothsidesshownosignsofbackingdown.TheDakotaAccessPipelinewasannouncedin2014.AsectionofitwillrunneartheStandingRockSiouxreservation.AreservationisanareaoflandsetasideforAmericanIndians.Thetribesaystheconstructionthreatenstodestroyhistoricalareasandancientburialsites.Theyalsosaythepipelinecouldpollutetheirmainwatersource,theMissouriRiver.InApril,theStandingRockSiouxbeganaprotestagainsttheproject.Theycampedattheconstructionsite.Sincethen,thousandsofpeople,includingpeoplefromotherAmericanIndiantribes,havetraveledtothesitetojointheprotest.ETPsaysthatthepipelinewillhavebuilt-insafetymeasurestoprotectagainstoilleaks.Workerswillalsomonitoritremotely,andwillbeabletoclosevalves(I閥)withinthreeminutesifleaksaredetected.AmericanIndianshavebeenstaginganonviolentprotestformonths.Theprotesttookaturnlastweekwhenpolicewerecalledtokeepthepeacebetweenprotestersandarmedsecurityguardshiredbythecompany.Twenty-eightpeoplehavebeenarrestedsincethenandchargedwithinterferingwiththepipelineconstruction.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?4/27TheDakotaAccessPipelinewillcreatemoremarketsforoilandgas.TheDakotaAccessPipelinewillcreatemanyjobopportunities.AmericanIndiansopposetheconstructionofanoilpipeline.AmericanIndiansfightforequalvotingrights.ETPhopestofinishthisprojectin.201620172018D.2019WhydoAmericanIndiansprotestagainsttheconstructionofthispipeline?Becauseitwillcostupto$3.8billion.Becauseitthreatenstheregion'swatersupply.Becauseitwillmakemanypeoplelosetheirjobs.Becauseitwillforcemanypeopletoleavetheirhomes.Accordingtothepassage,theworkerscanincaseofpipelineleaks.reportittothelocalgovernmentaskpeopletoleavetheleakaffectedareascall911closevalvesAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?Thispipelinewillcrossfourstates.Thispipelineis1,172mileslong.AlltheprotestersarefromtheStandingRockSioux.Neithersideofthedisputeiswillingtocompromise.PartIIVocabularyandStructure(30%)Directions:Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Ifit raintomorrow,we'llhavethepartyoutside.A.wouldn'tB.doesn't5/27C.didn'tD.won'tThisisthedictionaryyou'relookingfor,?isn'tthisisn'tthatisn'titisn'tthereIt'sgoingtorain.You'dbetteran umbrella with you.ringtakecarryfetchMarynevertellsanyonewhatshedoesfora.lifeworkprofessionD.livingIsawacarinthedistance,butIcouldn'twhetheritwasredornot.makeoutworkonlookouttakeinTherewerea numberofstudentsontheplayground.fewlittleshortsmallStudentsareexpectedtolecturesregularly.presentgoattendD.follow6/27Thelecturewassothateveryonewenttosleep.boringboredinterestingD.interestedWecanseealotofpeopledoingmorningexercisesintheparkevenacoldmorning.oninatduringTheguidewalkedsofastthatmostofthetouristscouldnothim.goinforkeepupwithC.followuppassonTheyoungsoldierwaswoundedinthewaranddiedafewdayslater.generouslyB.lonelyfatallyslightlyProfessorSimpsontheprojectcarefullyandmadeafewcorrections.wentupwentclownwentafterwentoverWhenIgotoheatthemilk,pleasethebaby.keepaneyeonsetfootonmakeaguessatlookforwardtoMr.andMrs.Wrighthavegotninechildren-it'sreallyabig.A.homefamily7/27houseroomNeitherBillnorhisparentsathome.isarehashaveThesummervacationover,theythengotdowntotheirworkagain.werewasbeinghadbeenHefailedinhisexam,provesthathehadn'tworkedhardenough.whatthatwhichsuch.isknowntoall,toomuchstresscancausedisease.WhichThatItAsItwasnotuntilhecamebackIlefttheoffice.thenwhichthatwhenthathehadmadeamistake.Onlywhenhefinishedhishomeworkthathehadmadeamistake.hethenrealizeddidherealize8/27beforeherealizedherealizedShanghaiisbiggestcityinChinaintermsofpopulation.the;thethe;//;the/;/WhenJennycametomyplace,IbreakfastwithJames.havehadhavehadD.washaving38.Iinyourposition,Iwouldnotacceptthejob.WereWasAmBeenIgotmoneywithme,soIwasn'tabletobuyevenabottleofwater!anysomefewlittle-Mustwesendinourplanthisweek?-No,;youcansenditinnextweek.youneedn'tyoumustn'tyoucan'tyoushouldn'tWouldyoumindmesomebreadonyourwayhome?A.buyB.tobuyC.buying9/27D.boughtIcan'tfinishtheworkintimeyouhelpmetranslatethetexts.unlessifwherebutThedriverthepassengersofFatthesupermarketandthenwenttothenextstop.fellsankdroppedD.steppedThatrestauranthasagoodinthecommunityforitsdeliciousfoodandfriendlyservice.moodmirrorreputationD.reportThemanageratoncelosthiswhenhelearntthathissecretarywaslateagainforthemeeting.mindtemperpassionwayPartIIIIdentification(10%)Directions:Eachofthefollowingsentenceshas.fourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.ProfessorMorisonhasneverbeentoChina,nordoesDr.Jones.ABCDAsearlyasthe12thcentury,boysinEnglandenjoyedtoplayfootball.ABCDNobodyallowstosmokeherebecausesmokingindoorsisagainstthelaw.ABCDThemorequicklyyougetthere,thesoonyouwillbeabletorelax.10/27ABCDIoughthaveinvitedhertothepartybutIdidn'tknowherwell.ABCDHewasseriouslyillfordays,andnowhelooksstrongandhealthy.ABCDAlthoughJimhaslivedinBeijingforfiveyears,buthedoesn'tspeakChineseABCDwell.Whenawaterisheated,itchangesintovapor.ABCDHehascometoworkforalocalnewspaperabouttenyearsago,whenheABCgraduatedfromPekingUniversity.DOneofthetwochairsismine;theanotherismybrother's.ABCDPartIVCloze（10%）Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,andforeachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Greenseaturtles（海龜）aretheworld'slargestspeciesofhard-shelledseaturtle.Whilemostindividualsweighabout136to181kilograms,somecanbe56heavyas204kilograms.Theseturtlesarefoundnesting（筑巢）alongthecoastlineofmorethan80countries,withthelargestnestingpopulations57inCostaRicaandAustralia.Greenseaturtlesspendmostoftheirlivesunderwater,58theycanrestforuptofivehoursatatimebefore59upforair.Whenactive,theytypicallystayunderwaterforafewminutesandswimuptothesurfaceto60airforafewseconds.Greenseaturtlesalsobatheinthesun61land.Unlikemostotherseaturtles,adultgreenseaturtleseatprimarilyplant-basedfoods62ofseaweedandseagrass.Scientistsbelievethesegreenfoods63theseaturtle'sfatitsgreencolor.Similartootherseaturtles,greenseaturtlestravellongdistances64theirfeedinggroundsandtheirnestingsites,withrecordeddistances65than2,600kilometers.Theyhavestrongflippers（鰭形肢）thathelpthem66inthewater.Femalegreenseaturtlesleavethewaterin67tolayeggsonthebeachandwillchoosethe11/27samenesting68aswheretheywereborn.Afemalewilldig69anestwithherflippersandlayabout115eggs.Thenshe'llcovertheeggs70sandandreturntothesea.Afterabouttwomonths,thebabieswilluseaspecial"eggtooth"tobreaktheirshellsandhatch（孵化）fromtheireggs.Thefirstfewyearsofagreenseaturtle'slifearespent71atsea,wheretheyfeedontinyanimalsandplants72liveinthesurfacelayerofthesea.Astheygrowolder,theturtlesmoveto73watersalongthecoast,wheretheyfindseagrasstoeat.Adultgreenseaturtlesfacemanythreats,primarilyfromhumans,includinginjuriesfrompassingboats,being74infishingnetsandpollution.Newlyhatchedseaturtlesarealsoat75ofbeinghuntedbyotheranimalsastheymovefromtheirnestsouttothesea.A.atforinasA.gonemovedfoundknockedA.wherewhichthatwhenA.joincomejoiningcoming60.A.breathedrawholdattractA.forB.at12/27C.onD.inA.puttingmakingcontainingD.consistingA.takegivetakengivenwithinbetweenD.beyondA.amongwithinbetweenbeyondA.longerdeeperricherhigherA.arriveswimreachjumpA.wayplacemethodorderA.lawnB.streetC.levelD.spot13/27A.outB.awayC.aboveD.belowA.ofwithoutforA.floatthinkfloatingthinkingA.whenthatwhatwhereA.negativecarefulshallowpoliteA.caughtdroppedgrownreachedA.risksightvisitdeathPartVTranslation(20%)SectionADirections:InthisparttherearefivesentenceswhichyoushouldtranslateintoChinese.These14/27sentencesarealltakenfromthe3passagesyouhavejustreadinReadingComprehension.Youcanreferbacktothepassagestoidentifytheirmeaningsinthecontext.Theysaytheirlocaleconomiesdependontheuseoftheseareas.Itmayalsoseverelylimitactivitiessuchaslogging,road-building,andhunting.Theentirestructurecostmorethan$2.5milliontobuildatthetime.Bothsidesshownosignsofbackingdown.Twenty-eightpeoplehavebeenarrestedsincethenandchargedwithinterferingwiththepipelineconstruction.SectionBDirections:InthisparttherearefivesentencesinChinese.YoushouldtranslatethemintoEnglish.Besuretowriteclearly..他們正在打籃球。.我希望我們的演出會(huì)成功。.春天是游覽這個(gè)城市的最佳季節(jié)。.他在這所學(xué)校任教多久了？.他十年前搬到這兒的。2016年11月答案解析PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Passage1一、文章大意及結(jié)構(gòu)分析本文是政策分析題，討論美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬設(shè)立國(guó)家公園引發(fā)的不同爭(zhēng)論。文中第一段引出奧巴馬建立國(guó)家公園的概況，第二段指出奧巴馬總統(tǒng)的這一舉措遭到一些人的反對(duì)。第三段指出總統(tǒng)的決定獲得了自然保護(hù)者的支持并指出總統(tǒng)的做法是得到法律允許的。第四段指出土地設(shè)立為國(guó)家公園后的諸多限制以及反對(duì)者反對(duì)的原因。第五段指出支持者認(rèn)為設(shè)立國(guó)家公園能夠帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。二、試題詳解1【答案】D考點(diǎn)：文章標(biāo)題，文章整篇所討論的是奧巴馬設(shè)立國(guó)家公園獲得的支持和遭到的反對(duì)。選項(xiàng)A促進(jìn)就業(yè)只在文章最后一段提到，不能作為文章標(biāo)題；選項(xiàng)B保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物，文章未提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；選項(xiàng)C促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)也只是文章提到的一個(gè)方面，不能概括文章整篇內(nèi)容。2【答案】C15/27考點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)題，文章第二段第一句Obamahasnowcreatedorenlarged26nationalmonumentsduringhispresidency奧巴馬在其任職期間已經(jīng)建立或者擴(kuò)建了26個(gè)國(guó)家保護(hù)區(qū)，established是created的同義替換，duringhistwoterms是duringhispresidency的同義替換，所以答案選擇C，26個(gè)。3【答案】C考點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)題，文章第四段中提至“了Theland'snewstatusasamonumentmeansthatmininganddrillingoperationsareforbiddenthere.土地作為保護(hù)區(qū)的新身份意味著開(kāi)采和鉆探是不被允許的。因而選擇C。其它選項(xiàng)在第四段第二句有提到，但是是被限制，并不是不允許，因而不選。4【答案】B考點(diǎn)：詞匯題，考查詞匯積累量。atstake是有危險(xiǎn)的意思，與indanger同義。選項(xiàng)A,inreturn意為作為回報(bào)，作為報(bào)答；選項(xiàng)C,atpresent意為目前，現(xiàn)在；選項(xiàng)D,bychance意為碰巧地，偶然地，意外地。此外，從文章第四段第四句也可以看出，反對(duì)者反對(duì)奧巴馬這一決定的原因是認(rèn)為政府不應(yīng)該指揮如何使用土地，尤其當(dāng)人們的就業(yè)有危險(xiǎn)時(shí)；而第五段則指出支持者認(rèn)為奧巴馬的這一做法可以帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。5【答案】B考點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)題，選項(xiàng)B奧巴馬總統(tǒng)的決定沒(méi)有遭到反對(duì)，不正確，文章第二、四段都提到奧巴馬的決定遭到了反對(duì)。三、文章長(zhǎng)難句分析：InHawaii,anationalmonumentcreatedbyPresidentGeorgeW.Bushin2006willexpandtoabout582,578squaremiles,fourtimesitscurrentsize.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:createdbyPresidentGeorgeW.Bushin2006為省略關(guān)系代詞which和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was的定語(yǔ)從句。Inestablishingthismonument,Obamatookthesideofconservationists（自然資源保護(hù)者）whowantlawstoprotectwildlands.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞為conservationists,takethesideofsb意為“獲得某人的支持”。Theland'snewstatusasamonumentmeansthatmininganddrillingoperationsareforbiddenthere.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句包含一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，mininganddrillingoperationsareforbiddenthere。mininganddrilling意為“開(kāi)采和鉆探”。四、核心詞匯：presidency:總統(tǒng)的任期resident:居民conservationists:自然資源保護(hù)者status：地位，身份5mininganddrilling:開(kāi)采和鉆探16/27五、文章翻譯：美國(guó)國(guó)家公園管理局慶祝其100周年紀(jì)念日之時(shí)，巴拉克奧巴馬總統(tǒng)宣布一個(gè)新的國(guó)家公園的建立以及另一個(gè)國(guó)家公園的擴(kuò)建。在緬因州，超過(guò)87500公頃的森林將第一次成為國(guó)家保護(hù)公用場(chǎng)地。在夏威夷，喬治華盛頓布什總統(tǒng)2006年建立的國(guó)家公園將擴(kuò)建到582,578平方英里，是其目前面積的4倍。奧巴馬在其任期內(nèi)已經(jīng)建立或者擴(kuò)建了26個(gè)國(guó)家公園。因而，政府部門(mén)說(shuō)，與其他總統(tǒng)相比，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)保護(hù)了更多的國(guó)家土地。但是緬因州和夏威夷州的一些居民和政府官員反對(duì)這一計(jì)劃。他們認(rèn)為當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展依賴(lài)于這些土地的使用。奧巴馬建立這一國(guó)家公園獲得了自然資源保護(hù)者的支持。他們希望設(shè)立法律來(lái)保護(hù)野外土地。建立國(guó)家公園通常需要獲得議會(huì)的允許。但是1906年的一項(xiàng)聯(lián)邦法律允許總統(tǒng)建立自己的國(guó)家公園。土地作為國(guó)家公園的新身份意味著開(kāi)采和鉆探是不被允許的。同時(shí)也會(huì)嚴(yán)重限制諸如伐木、道路建設(shè)以及狩獵這樣的行為。緬因州一些想要保護(hù)該州伐木業(yè)的政治家認(rèn)為奧巴馬不應(yīng)該單獨(dú)做出決定。他們認(rèn)為政府不應(yīng)該指揮各州如何使用土地，尤其當(dāng)人們的就業(yè)有困難時(shí)。緬因州政治家蘇?？铝炙拐f(shuō)，總統(tǒng)在做決定之前，應(yīng)該聽(tīng)取緬因州立法者、居民以及美國(guó)議會(huì)的意見(jiàn)。然而，那些奧巴馬決定的支持者則認(rèn)為新的國(guó)家公園的建立將通過(guò)發(fā)展旅游業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。Passage2一、文章大意及結(jié)構(gòu)分析本文是敘述文，介紹加拿大多倫多舊市政廳建造歷史以及用途等。第一段講舊市政廳的建造者，第二段講該建筑最初的用途及其在今天的地位，第三段講舊市政廳的建造歷史以及人們對(duì)建筑雕刻的一些看法，第四段指出在該建筑上有建造者的自畫(huà)漫畫(huà)，第五段講其用途，第六段講新的市政廳建成后認(rèn)為怎樣保護(hù)舊市政廳不被推倒，第七段講舊市政廳的地理位置等，第八段介紹建造花費(fèi)情況。二、試題詳解6【答案】B分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，文中第一段指出declaredopenonSept.18,1899,所以本題答案為B。7【答案】D分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，文中第三段指出，ittook11yearstobuildit，所以花費(fèi)了11年，答案為D。8【答案】D分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，文中第五段指出，ThethirdCityHallwasoriginallyusedascouncilors'officesandlegaloffices,butitisusedonlyasacourthousetoday，可知其現(xiàn)在用于acourthouse，答案為D。9【答案】B分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，倒數(shù)第三段指出Itwassavedbyagroupofpeoplecalledthe"FriendsofOldCityHall."，可見(jiàn)選項(xiàng)17/27B正確。其它選項(xiàng)都不能由文章推出。10【答案】D分析：細(xì)節(jié)題，倒數(shù)第二段中提到OldCityHallwasdeclaredahistoricalsitein1989,可知選項(xiàng)D正確，其他均有錯(cuò)誤。三、文章長(zhǎng)難句分析：Createdtoprovidemorespaceforcityofficials,itturnedouttobethelargestbuildinginthecityandthelargestcitybuildinginNorthAmericaatthetime.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句首為狀語(yǔ)從句，由于是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以采用過(guò)去分詞形式，實(shí)際上省略了引導(dǎo)詞和主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)。turnedouttobe意為“成為，結(jié)果為”。WhenthefourthCityHall(theoneweknowtoday)wasdeclaredopenin1965,OldCityHallwasthreatenedtobepulleddown.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，pulldown意為"推倒"，bethreatenedto意為“有…的危險(xiǎn)”。TheclocktowerstandsparallelwiththemiddleofBayStreet,ratherthanwiththecenterofthebuilding.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：stand/beparallelwith意為"與…平行"，"ratherthan"意為“而不是”。四、核心詞匯：contemporaries:當(dāng)代人，同代人，同輩人carving：雕亥Ucaricature：漫畫(huà)signature：簽名5originally：原始地，最初地五、文章翻譯：多倫多第三代市政廳，現(xiàn)在叫作舊市政廳，是由愛(ài)德華詹姆斯倫諾克斯設(shè)計(jì)的。該市政廳于1899年9月18日宣布開(kāi)放。該市政廳建造的目的是為市政官員提供更多場(chǎng)所，結(jié)果當(dāng)時(shí)它是多倫多最大的建筑物，同時(shí)也是北美最大的建筑物。倫諾克斯花費(fèi)了三年時(shí)間設(shè)計(jì)該市政大廳。它建造完成花費(fèi)了11年。同代人認(rèn)為皇后街人口上面古怪的雕刻事實(shí)上是當(dāng)時(shí)議員的漫畫(huà)。倫諾克斯甚至畫(huà)了他自己的漫畫(huà)，在中央拱門(mén)西側(cè)，并在建筑連接部分的石雕上留下奇怪的簽名。第三市政廳最初用作議員辦公室和法務(wù)辦公室，但現(xiàn)在僅用作法務(wù)辦公室。當(dāng)?shù)谒氖姓d(我們今天所熟知的)在1965年宣布開(kāi)放時(shí)，舊市政廳差點(diǎn)被推倒。它被一群稱(chēng)為1日市政廳的朋友”的人們所救下。18/27鐘塔與貝街中部平行，而不是與舊市政廳中心平行。塔上的鈴鐺在建筑物開(kāi)放時(shí)還未安裝。舊市政廳在1989年被列入歷史遺址。當(dāng)時(shí)整個(gè)建造花費(fèi)超過(guò)250萬(wàn)，等同于今天的5300萬(wàn)。Passage3一、文章大意及結(jié)構(gòu)分析本文是一篇記敘文，講述美國(guó)的達(dá)科他輸油管道建設(shè)所引發(fā)的爭(zhēng)議。文章第一段指出石油管道建設(shè)所遭遇的阻礙。第二段講述美國(guó)印第安人反對(duì)輸油管建設(shè)的原因以及抗議的一些情況，第三段介紹ETP公司針對(duì)輸油管采取的措施，第四段介紹美國(guó)印第安人的抗議發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折。最后一段介紹警察針對(duì)抗議所采取的措施。二、試題詳解11【答案】C考點(diǎn)：主旨題，文章主要在敘述美國(guó)印第安部落抗議輸油管的建設(shè)，選項(xiàng)C，AmericanIndiansopposetheconstructionofanoilpipeline符合題意。12【答案】A考點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)題，文章第一段EnergyTransferPartners(ETP),aTexas-basedcompanybehindthe$3.8billionproject,hopestofinishconstructionthisyear，結(jié)合整個(gè)題目來(lái)看，應(yīng)該為2016年。13【答案】B考點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)題，文章第二段Theyalsosaythepipelinecouldpollutetheirmainwatersource,theMissouriRiver,，可知美國(guó)印第安部落的認(rèn)為輸油管會(huì)影響該地區(qū)的水源，故本題選B。14【答案】D考點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)題，文章第三段第二句Workerswillalsomonitoritremotely,andwillbeabletoclosevalves憫)withinthreeminutesifleaksaredetected，可知工人要關(guān)閉閥門(mén)，所以答案為D。15【答案】C考點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)題，文章第二段最后一句指出，Sincethen,thousandsofpeople,includingpeoplefromotherAmericanIndiantribes,havetraveledtothesitetojointheprotest，因而還包括其他部落的美國(guó)印第安人，因而本題選C。三、文章長(zhǎng)難句分析：Workerswillalsomonitoritremotely,andwillbeabletoclosevalves閥)withinthreeminutesifleaksaredetected.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。monitoritremotely是“遠(yuǎn)程操控”的意思。Theprotesttookaturnlastweekwhenpolicewerecalledtokeepthepeacebetweenprotestersandarmedsecurityguardshiredbythecompany.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，keepthepeacebetween…意為“維持…之間的和平“，takeaturn意為“發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折”。19/27Twenty-eightpeoplehavebeenarrestedsincethenandchargedwithinterferingwiththepipelineconstruction.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：sincethen意為“從那以后、自那以后”，bechargedwith…意為"因…而被起訴”，interferewith意為“妨礙、擾亂”。四、核心詞匯：protest:抗議backdown：后退、妥協(xié)nonviolent:非暴力的interferewith：妨礙、干擾valve：閥門(mén)6leak：泄露五、文章翻譯：如果達(dá)科他輸油管完成，每天將會(huì)在四個(gè)州輸送近五十萬(wàn)桶的石油。這個(gè)3.8億項(xiàng)目背后的ETP公司，總部設(shè)在德克薩斯，希望今年完成這一建設(shè)。但是斯坦丁洛克蘇族，美國(guó)的一個(gè)印第安部落，決定阻止這個(gè)長(zhǎng)1172米的輸油管的建設(shè)。雙方都沒(méi)有退讓的跡象。達(dá)科他輸油管計(jì)劃于2014年宣布開(kāi)始。該輸油管的一部分將會(huì)經(jīng)過(guò)斯坦丁洛克蘇族專(zhuān)用地附近。專(zhuān)用地是為美國(guó)印第安人留出的一部分區(qū)域。部落居民認(rèn)為輸油管的建設(shè)將會(huì)使歷史地區(qū)和古代墓葬遺址遭受毀壞。他們還認(rèn)為輸油管會(huì)污染他們的主要水源，密蘇里河。四月，斯坦丁洛克蘇族人開(kāi)始反對(duì)這一項(xiàng)目。他們?cè)诮ㄔO(shè)地址附近宿營(yíng)。從那以后，成千的人，包括美國(guó)其他印第安部落的人也來(lái)到這一地區(qū)加入抗議隊(duì)伍。ETP公司認(rèn)為，為了防止石油泄漏，輸油管會(huì)在安全的措施下進(jìn)行建設(shè)。工人也會(huì)遠(yuǎn)程操控，如果檢測(cè)到泄露，將會(huì)在三分鐘之內(nèi)關(guān)掉閥門(mén)。數(shù)月來(lái)，美國(guó)印第安人舉行了數(shù)次非暴力抗議活動(dòng)。上周，當(dāng)呼叫警察來(lái)維護(hù)抗議者與公司雇傭的武裝安全警衛(wèi)之間的和平時(shí)，抗議有了轉(zhuǎn)折。從那以后，28個(gè)人被逮捕，并因妨礙輸油管的建設(shè)被起訴。PartIIVocabularyandStructure16【答案】B分析：考查if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)。句意：如果明天不下雨，我們將在室外舉行聚會(huì)。17【答案】C分析：考查反義疑問(wèn)句。當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是this或that時(shí)，反義疑問(wèn)句中主語(yǔ)用it。句意：這是你要找的字典，不是嗎？。18【答案】A20/27分析：考查固定搭配，takeanumbrella，意為“拿著傘，帶著傘”。句意：要下雨了，你最好帶著傘。19【答案】D分析：考查固定搭配，make(earn)aliving謀生。句意：瑪麗從未告訴任何人她以何為生。20【答案】A分析：考查固定搭配，makeout為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“辨認(rèn)出，看出"，符合題意。選項(xiàng)B，workon意為“從事，致力于”；選項(xiàng)C，lookout意為“當(dāng)心，朝外”；選項(xiàng)D，takein意為“吸收，欺騙”，均不符合題意。故選A。句意：我看到遠(yuǎn)處有一輛車(chē)，但看不出它是不是紅色。21【答案】D分析：考查名詞，atall和否定連在一起表示，“一點(diǎn)都不”所以本題答案選擇A。句意：操場(chǎng)上有少數(shù)學(xué)生。22【答案】C分析：考查固定搭配，attendlectures為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“參加講座”，符合題意。句意：希望學(xué)生能夠定期參加講座。23【答案】A分析：考查詞義辨析，根據(jù)后文中everyonewenttosleep，可知講座是無(wú)聊的，因而答案限定在A和B，但是bored的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是人，即某人對(duì)某物厭煩；boring的主語(yǔ)是物，表示某物是無(wú)聊的。結(jié)合題目主語(yǔ)來(lái)看，thelecture是物，因而選A。句意：講座如此無(wú)聊，以至于每個(gè)人都睡著了。24【答案】A分析：考查介詞的用法，“在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨”，介詞應(yīng)該用on，故本題答案為A。句意：即使在冬天寒冷的早晨我們也會(huì)看到許多人在公園晨練。25【答案】B分析：考查固定搭配，keepupwithsb為固定搭配，州艮上某人”的意思，故本題答案為B。句意：導(dǎo)游走得太快，大部分游客都踉不上他。26【答案】C分析：考查副詞的辨析，根據(jù)后文“diedafewdayslater”，說(shuō)明受傷嚴(yán)重，fatally表示“嚴(yán)重地”的意思。選項(xiàng)A，逐漸地；選項(xiàng)B，孤獨(dú)地、孤單地；選項(xiàng)D，輕微的，均不符合題意。故本題的答案為C句意：年輕的士兵在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受了嚴(yán)重的傷，幾天以后就死了。27【答案】D21/27分析：考查固定搭配，goover意為“瀏覽，復(fù)習(xí)“。goup意為“上升，升起'，goclown意為““，goafter意為“追逐，追求”，均不符合題意。故本題選D。句意：辛普森教授仔細(xì)瀏覽計(jì)劃并做了幾處修改。28【答案】A分析：考查固定搭配，keepaneyeon意為“照看、照管、留心、注意”，符合題意。setfooton意為“進(jìn)入、踏上”，makeaguessat意為“猜測(cè)"，lookforwardto意為“期望、期盼”，均不符合題意。所以本題選A。句意：我去加熱牛奶的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)照看一下孩子。29【答案】B分析：考查詞義辨析，abigfamily是“大家庭”的意思，符合題意。句意：懷特先生和女士有九個(gè)孩子，真是一個(gè)大家庭。30【答案】C分析：考查否定句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法，neither…nor..連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，遵循就近原則，因而根據(jù)靠近謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的“hisparents”可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該為復(fù)數(shù)形式?！霸诩摇钡墓潭ū磉_(dá)為“beathome"，故本題答案為B。句意：比爾和他的父母都不在家。31【答案】B分析：考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法，根據(jù)theythengotdowntotheirworkagain可知，句子用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，又因?yàn)榫渥又髡Z(yǔ)為“thesummervacation”，因而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，故本題選B。句意：暑假結(jié)束了，之后他們又要開(kāi)始工作了。32【答案】C分析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的用法，which在該題中所指代的是整個(gè)主句力?failedinhisexam”，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故本題答案為C。句意：他考試不及格，證明他學(xué)習(xí)不夠刻苦33【答案】D分析：考查as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是整個(gè)句子'toomuchstresscancausedisease"，asisknowntoall只可以用在句首或句尾，用“，”隔開(kāi)故。本題的答案為D。句意：眾所周知，壓力太大會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病。34【答案】C分析：考查固定句型，itwasnotuntil...thatsbdosth"直到…某人才做某事”。句意：直到他回來(lái)我才離開(kāi)辦公室。35【答案】B分析：考查倒裝句，only+狀語(yǔ)從句的句子中，主謂要倒裝，因而本題答案為B。22/27句意：直到做完作業(yè)，他才意識(shí)到自己犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。36【答案】B分析：考查冠詞的用法，在形容詞big的最高級(jí)之前要加定冠詞the，在國(guó)家名之前不加冠詞，故本題答案為B。句意：就人口而言，上海是中國(guó)最大的城市。37【答案】C分析：考查時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題，表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)'was/weredoing”。句意：當(dāng)珍妮到我這兒的時(shí)候，我正在和詹姆斯吃早飯。38【答案】A分析：考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣中省略if的條件句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。如果虛擬條件句中有were、had、should時(shí)，if可以省略，這時(shí)從句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即把were、had、should移到主語(yǔ)前面。題目中從句明顯是倒裝語(yǔ)序，那么從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為表示于現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的were，故本題選A。句意：如果我是你的話(huà)，我不會(huì)接受那份工作。39【答案】D分析：考查否定句中代詞的用法，從后半句“我甚至連一瓶水都買(mǎi)不起”可以看出，前面應(yīng)該表示我沒(méi)有帶錢(qián)，即表示否定。從選項(xiàng)來(lái)看，few和little都可以表示否定，但是前者修飾可數(shù)名詞，后者修飾可數(shù)名詞，money為不可數(shù)名詞，故本題選D。句意：我沒(méi)帶錢(qián)，因此我連一瓶水都買(mǎi)不起。40【答案】A分析：考查否定句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定，結(jié)合句意來(lái)看，對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的否定我們用needn,t，故本題選A。句意：我們這周必須提交計(jì)劃嗎？不，不必，你們可以下周提交。41【答案】C分析：考查動(dòng)名詞的用法，mind為及物動(dòng)詞，其后只能接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，minddoingsth，故本題選C。句意：你回來(lái)的路上可以給我買(mǎi)點(diǎn)面包嗎？42【答案】A分析：考查連詞的用法，前半句意為'否則我不能及時(shí)完成工作"，unless此處引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句“除非你幫助我翻譯文章”，前后連貫，因此選A。句意：我不能及時(shí)完成工作，除非你幫助我翻譯文章。43【答案】C分析：考查固定搭配，dropsboff是“讓…下車(chē)、把…放下車(chē)”的意思，為固定搭配，答案為C。句意：司機(jī)讓乘客在超市下車(chē)，然后去了下一站。23/2744【答案】C分析：考查詞義辨析，reputation意為“名聲、名望”，“haveagoodreputation”為固定搭配，意為“有好的名聲”，選項(xiàng)A意為“心情”，選項(xiàng)B意為“鏡子”，選項(xiàng)D意為“報(bào)告”，均不符合題意。故本題選C。句意：這家飯店因食物美味，服務(wù)周到在社區(qū)有很好的名聲。45【答案】B分析：考查固定搭配，loseone5stemper是“發(fā)脾氣”的意思，為固定搭配，故答案為B。句意：當(dāng)經(jīng)理得知他的秘書(shū)開(kāi)會(huì)又遲到時(shí)，立馬就脾氣大發(fā)。PartniIdentification(10%)46【答案】C考點(diǎn)：考查否定句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題，根據(jù)前半句來(lái)看，后半句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該為be動(dòng)詞，所以C選項(xiàng)中的does應(yīng)該改為is。句意：莫里森教授從未來(lái)過(guò)中國(guó)，瓊斯博士也沒(méi)來(lái)過(guò)。47【答案】C考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)名詞的用法，enjoy為及物動(dòng)詞，其后只能直接接-ing形式的賓語(yǔ)，即enjoydoingsth,意為“喜歡做某事”。所以C項(xiàng)中的toenjoy應(yīng)該改為enjoying。.句意：早在12世紀(jì)，英格蘭地區(qū)的男孩就喜歡踢足球。48【答案】A考點(diǎn)：考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，"sbbeallowedtodosth”意為某人被允許做某事，句中意思為“沒(méi)有人被允許在這兒吸煙”，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以A項(xiàng)中應(yīng)該改為wasallowedo句意：不允許任何人在這兒吸煙，因?yàn)樵谑覂?nèi)吸煙是違反法律的。49【答案】C考點(diǎn)：考查比較級(jí)的用法，"the+比較級(jí)…，the+比較級(jí)”意為“越…就越..”。the后面的詞語(yǔ)的應(yīng)該為比較級(jí)，故C項(xiàng)中的thesoon應(yīng)該改為thesooner.句意：你越快到達(dá)那兒，就越快能夠休息。50【答案】A考點(diǎn)：考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣，前半句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，應(yīng)該用should+have+過(guò)去分詞，而不可以用ought,故應(yīng)該將A項(xiàng)中的oughthaveinvited改成shouldhaveinvitedo句意：我應(yīng)該邀請(qǐng)她參加派對(duì)，但是我對(duì)她不是太了解。51【答案】C考點(diǎn)：考查句中連接詞的用法，根據(jù)句意來(lái)看，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因而選項(xiàng)C中的and應(yīng)該改為表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的buto24/27句意：他重病了好幾天，但現(xiàn)在他看起來(lái)很健康。52【答案】C考點(diǎn)：考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中連詞的用法，從句使用連詞although，則主句不使用連詞，這一點(diǎn)是不同于漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)的，應(yīng)該注意。故本題C項(xiàng)的but應(yīng)該去掉。句意：盡管吉姆在北京住了多年，但是他不講漢語(yǔ)。53【答案】A考點(diǎn)：考查冠詞的用法，water為表示一般概念的物質(zhì)名詞且其不可數(shù)，因而其前不加冠詞，所以選項(xiàng)A中a應(yīng)該去掉。句意：當(dāng)水加熱時(shí)