動詞（謂語非謂語動詞）綜合練習100題（附答案詳解）

動詞(謂語，非謂語動詞)綜合練習100題(附答案詳解)Milkisasourceofnutrientsthat(grow)kidsneed.On4February2022,theBeijingWinterOlympics(open)withaspectacularceremony.TheBeijingWinterOlympicsstartedwithanopeningceremony(hold)intheNationalStadium,alsoknownasthe“Bird'sNest“inBeijing,China'scapital.BeijingisthefirstcitytohostboththeSummerandWinterOlympics,(hold)theSummerGamesbackin2008.Thankfully,peoplecanlimittheamountofdamage(cause)bybadweather.1lovewhatI(do)now,andI'moneofthehappiestpeopleIknow.Didyoumanage(finish)thehomeworkMissMistrysetfortheholidays?Whatisthepointof(learn)alanguagethatnoonespeaksanymore?Ifyousendamessagethatmightbemeanorunpleasant,that'sgoingtohurtpeople(receive)it.Thereisanamazingcafethat(serve)oneofthebestwafflesI'veeverhad.We'remarvellingathowmanybeautifulplacesthereareinChina(visit).YoucanvisitAlnwickCastle,(build)inthe11thcentury,whereHarryPorterwasfilmed.Theyspendtheirlives(train)fortheOlympicGamesthatcomeonlyeveryfouryears.Redfoxesareintelligentanimalsthat(learn)toliveinurbanareasaswellasinthecountryside.I'msureI'mnottheonlyonewhohasastackofbooksonmyshelves(read).1enjoy(perform)becauseIjustlovepeopleenjoyingthemselves.(feel)nervousbeforeyougooutonstagemeansyoucareabouttheresultandwantittogowell.Vickyislookingforwardto(get)backtoherjobasanurse.Helooksather,(break)intoasmile.1justwishpeople(can)understandwhatIwasgoingthrough.You'dbetternotlethercatchyou(do)that.Whensheannouncedtocancelthetourtoherfans,thesingercouldn*thelpbut(burst)intotears.SinceEarthformed4.5billionyearsago,theplanet(go)throughmanyclimatechanges.Asachild,Ialways(have)adesiretobecreative.Climateischangingmuchfasterthanit(everdo)before.Ifsimportantthatyoungpeopledon'tavoid(share)worrieswithtrustedadults.I'vedecided(get)myselfintoshapeforthenewyear!Withouttheknowledge(do)simplerepairs,peopleoftenreplace(break)devicesthatcould(fix).Abouttheageof14,hebegan(get)interestedinacting.Taketime(search)forthemusicyouloveandplayitgentlyinthebackground.Whataretheskills(require)foramodern,globallife?Thesoonerwegetthis(do),thesoonerwegettogobackhome.Wecanallworktogether(make)theinternetakinder,morepositiveplace.Itwastheugliestthingshe(eversee).JimmyFallonbecameatalkshowhostin2009,andhe(neverdo)anythinglikeitbefore.Xi'anwasoneofthe4ancientcapitalsofChinaand(build)over3,000yearsago.Beforenewspapersortheinternet(invent),howdidnewsspread?Theyaremorethan5.5millionspeciesofinsectsandmanyofthem(affect)byclimatechange.Underseacables(use)sincethe1850s.Wejustwantedtohavefunandmakeourselves(laugh).?It'shardtopredictwhat(happen)evenonthesameday.Whereismypackedlunch?Imust(leave)itathome!-CanIhaveasliceofpizza,please?-We(run)out,butwe'vegotsomethingbetter.Ourschool(close)duetothesnow.Youcan'tgetout(dress)likethat.You'llcatchacold.TheaverageAmericanspendsalmosteighthoursaday(look)atscreens,accordingtorecentstudies.Beescollectnectarallspringandsummer(store)andmakehoney.Couldtime(spend)innaturebethekeyto(protect)usfromtoday'sstress?Birdsallsingasifthey(know)today,sthedaywe'llsayHIdonandwe*llneverbelonelyanymore.Inatropicalrainforest,it(rain)almosteveryday.Backwhenelectricitydidn'texist,peoplereliedoncandles,oilorgas(provide)lightonthestreets.(focus)onyourownprogressisimportantforyourwellbeing.It'simportant(be)realisticandrememberthatnobodyisperfect.Weworkhard(prove)toourselveswecanovercomeanychallenges.Thesejust-for-themmagazinesteachkids(love)themselvesandtheworld.Ourgoalis(have)yourchild(lead)anormallifefullofoutdooractivities.Whatdidyouwant(grow)uptobewhenyouwereyoung?.1wanther(learn)tomakeandenjoySouthAsianfood.Ican'twait(take)hertoBangladeshandtoshowheraround.Springistheperfecttime(get)outsideanddiscovernature.I'vealwayshadahardtime(see)people(stand)aloneoroutside.After(graduate)fromZhejiangUniversity,shereturnedtoherhometown.Adog(save)ahikerby(lie)onthetopofhimfor13hourstokeephimwarm.(walk)inKyoto,Japan'scapitaluntil1868,youcanfeellike(visit)anotherera.Ifslovely(get)backtowork.Youneedtostaystillandquietwhen(watch)birdssothatyoudon'tscarethemaway.Oneofthediscoveriesoflockdownwas(becomeawareoflifepassing:(be)aroundmyfamilyisimportant.Withmanyofusstill(work)fromhome,it'sfeelingmore(challenge)tokeepworkandhomelivesseparate.Doesn'tMarchfeellikeabreathoffreshair(blow)throughyourlife?Elephanttusksareteeththatneverstop(grow)!.It'sthepossibilityofhavingadreamcometruethat(make)lifeinteresting.Cuttingdownon(add)sugarisanimportantchoiceforyourbody.Thesearerealproblemsthatareabsolutelyworth(solve).Thisisaphotoofmygrandparentswhich(take)shortlyaftertheirmarriage.Myeyesight(be)worseandworseovertheyears,whichiswhyIwearglasses.Oftenthehardestthingtodois(get)started.Atrestaurants,weenjoyfoodwemaynevertakethetime(prepare).Apainting(draw)byapigknownasnpigcasson(sell)for￡20,000.Grandmataughtmehow(make)somedishesthataresosimpleanddelicious.Pmsohappy(share)itwithyouandhopeyoulikeitasmuchasIdo.Thisisthemomentwe(wait)for,forsolong.justsawacat(go)behindthetree.Thelightaroundus(be)onthesurfaceofthesunjustover8minutesago.Remember(check)yoursourcesandverifyfactsbefore(share)information.(Asking)forhelpisneverasignofweakness.Infact,it'softenasignofstrength.Inspiteofrecentencouragementtohavemorechildren,Chinesefamiliesstillseemtoprefer(have)onechild.TherearealmostfivemillionpeopleintheUK(live)withtype2diabetes.Parentingapreschoolerwhocrieseasilyandoftencanbe(exhaust).Theyare(exhaust)fromplayingelevengamesofchess.Duringtimesofdoubt,thesewordskeepme(go).Galileoprovedthatheavyandlightobjects(fall)atthesamespeed.Theinventionofpaperallowedideasandknowledge(spread)muchfaster.Newtonwasinspiredtothinkaboutforceswhenhesawanapple(fall)fromatree.Myfamily(come)downtoShenzhenin2019,whenIwas10yearsold.AlbertEinsteinexplainedthatthefasteryoutravel,theslowertime(pass)foryou.Forhistenthbirthdayhe(give)aguitar,eventhoughhereallywantedabicycle.Everyevening,shewouldsitbythewindow(wait)forherfathertoreturn.Speakinganotherlanguagecanmakeyoufeelmore(connect)toothers.Theswitchtorenewablesourcesofenergyneedstohappenmuchfasterthanit(happen)now.TwoCharlesDarwinnotebooksthatwentmissingin2001(return)toCambridgeUniversityLibraryinEnglandmorethan20yearslater.參考答案（詳解）掌握動詞的用法在英語學習中至關重要，它們和中文有巨大的區(qū)別：動詞有及物動詞和不及物動詞的區(qū)別；動詞還有延續(xù)性動詞和短暫性動詞的區(qū)別；動詞還要分清在句子里是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞：謂語動詞，即動詞作謂語，注意主謂一致、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，動詞可能都要使用不同的形式；非謂語動詞，即動詞作主語、賓語、表語、定語或狀語，要用動詞不定式todo,動名詞或現在分詞doing和過去分詞done形式。下面就讓我們用以上句子對英語動詞用法做個大概的了解：Milkisasourceofnutrientsthatgrowingkidsneed.growing是現在分詞做kids的定語，growingkids長身體的小孩?，F在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別，主要是現在分詞與被修飾的句子成分之間是主動關系，過去分詞是被動關系；時間上過去分詞表已經發(fā)生，現在分詞表正在發(fā)生。On4February2022,theBeijingWinterOlympicsopenedwithaspectacularceremony.opened謂語動詞，北京冬季奧運會開幕，主動語態(tài)，一般過去時態(tài)。TheBeijingWinterOlympicsstartedwithanopeningceremonyheldintheNationalStadium,alsoknownasthe"Bird'sNest"inBeijing,China'scapital.held過去分詞短語作anopeningceremony的定語，不能用謂語的被動語態(tài)washeld.BeijingisthefirstcitytohostboththeSummerandWinterOlympics,havingheldtheSummerGamesbackin2008.havingheld是現在分詞的完成式，作句子主語北京的狀語，現在分詞的完成式表示主動的動作，并且動作發(fā)生之前（難點）。Thankfully,peoplecanlimittheamountofdamagecausedbybadweather.caused過去分詞短語作damage的定語1lovewhatIamdoingnow,andI'moneofthehappiestpeopleIknow.amdoing謂語動詞，一般現在時態(tài)。DidyoumanagetofinishthehomeworkMissMistrysetfortheholidays?tofinish動詞不定式作manage的賓語；managetodosth,設法做了什么。動詞作動詞的賓語時，有些動詞后跟todo；有些動詞后跟doing；有些動詞后跟todo或doing都可以，而且區(qū)別不大；有些動詞后跟tod?；騞oing都可以，但意思完全不同，需要我們專門學習掌握。Whatisthepointoflearningalanguagethatnoonespeaksanymore?learning動名詞作介詞of賓語。Ifyousendamessagethatmightbemeanorunpleasant,thafsgoingtohurtpeoplereceivingit.receiving現在分詞作people的定語，主動關系。收到短消息的人們。ThereisanamazingcafethatservesoneofthebestwafflesFveeverhad.serves謂語動詞，主謂一致。We'remarvellingathowmanybeautifulplacesthereareintheUKtovisit.tovisit作beautifulplaces的定語，可以去參觀的美麗的地方；動詞不定式時間上往往是沒有發(fā)生的。YoucanvisitAlnwickCastle,builtinthe11thcentury,whereHarryPorterwasfilmed.built過去分詞作AlnwickCastle的定語，兩者被動關系。TheyspendtheirlivestrainingfortheOlympicGamesthatcomeonlyeveryfouryears,training是動名詞作介詞in的賓語，spendtimeindoingsth,in往往被省略；spendtimeonsth；spendtimewithsb。Redfoxesareintelligentanimalsthathavelearnedtoliveinurbanareasaswellasinthecountryside.havelearned謂語動詞，用現在完成時態(tài)。發(fā)生在過去，但對現在有影響，用完成時，不用過去時態(tài)（難點）；過去延續(xù)到現在（延續(xù)性動詞）或過去到現在反復發(fā)生，用完成時。TmsureI'mnottheonlyonewhohasastackofbooksonmyshelvestoberead.toberead動詞不定式的被動形式作books的定語。和books是被動關系。從我的角度看，主動關系，可以用t。read。（現在我們學英語不鉆語法的牛角尖）。16.1enjoyperformingbecauseIjustlovepeopleenjoyingthemselves.performing動名詞，謂語enjoy的賓語.Feelingnervousbeforeyougooutonstagemeansyoucareabouttheresultandwantittogowell.Feelingnervousbeforeyougooutonstage動名詞短語作主語Vickyislookingforwardtogettingbacktoherjobasanurse.getting動名詞作介詞to的賓語。lookforwardto期待，盼望，固定短語，to是介詞。Helooksather,breakingintoasmile.breaking現在分詞作狀語，謂語look的伴隨狀語，與主語he是主動關系。1justwishpeoplecouldunderstandwhatIwasgoingthrough.couldunderstand是虛擬語氣，wish后的賓語從句，謂語要用虛擬語氣，虛擬語氣不能用現在的時態(tài)。You'dbetternotlethercatchyoudoingthat.doing現在分詞作賓語補足語，和賓語you為主動關系。catchyoudoing發(fā)現你做什么。Whensheannouncedtocancelthetourtoherfans,thesingercouldn*thelpbutburstintotears.忍不住，禁不住做什么：can,t/couldn,thelpdoing；但是can^/couldn^helpbutdo。SinceEarthformed4.5billionyearsago,theplanethasgonethroughmanyclimatechanges,hasgone謂語現在完成時態(tài)，過去到現在反復發(fā)生。Asachild,Ialwayshadadesiretobecreative.had謂語一般過去時，我小時候是過去時間。Climateischangingmuchfasterthanithaseverdonebefore.haseverdone謂語現在完成時態(tài)。before+時間，句子謂語一般為過去0寸；before作副詞，表示“以前，過去；已經”，沒有具體時間，句子謂語一般為完成時。It'simportantthatyoungpeopledon'tavoidsharingworrieswithtrustedadults.sharing動名詞作謂語avoid賓語。I'vedecidedtogetmyselfintoshapeforthenewyear!toget動詞不定式作decide賓語Withouttheknowledgetodosimplerepairs,peopleoftenreplacebrokendevicesthatcouldbefixed.todosimplerepairs動詞不定式短語作knowledge定語；broken過去分詞作devices定語；befixed謂語，被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)不能沒有be。Abouttheageof14,hebegangettinginterestedinacting.gettinginterestedinacting動名詞短語作began賓語。begindoing和begintodo區(qū)別不大,但是，我們可以這樣理解：動名詞相當于名詞概念，弱化動詞動作；t。do還是具體動詞動作。Taketimetosearchforthemusicyouloveandplayitgentlyinthebackground.tosearchforthemusicyouloveandplayitgentlyinthebackground動詞不定式短語作句子的目的狀語?？梢援敼潭ň湫蛠碛?。Whataretheskillsrequiredforamodem,globallife?requiredforamodern,globallife過去分詞短語作skills定語。Thesoonerwegetthisdone,thesoonerwegettogobackhome.done過去分詞作賓語補足語，某事是被完成的，被動關系。Wecanallworktogethertomaketheinternetakinder,morepositiveplace.tomaketheinternetakinder,morepositiveplace動詞不定式短語作worktogether的目的狀語。Itwastheugliestthingshehadeverseen.hadeverseen謂語過去完成時。過去的過去，用過去完成時表達。JimmyFallonbecameatalkshowhostin2009,andhehadneverdoneanythinglikeitbefore.hadneverdone謂語過去完成時。過去的過去，用過去完成時表達。Xi*anwasoneofthe4ancientcapitalsofChinaandwasbuiltover3,000yearsago.wasbuilt謂語被動語態(tài)，一般過去時。Beforenewspapersortheinternetwereinvented,howdidnewsspread?wereinvented謂語被動語態(tài)，一般過去時。Theyaremorethan5.5millionspeciesofinsectsandmanyofthemarebeingaffectedbyclimatechange.arebeingaffected謂語現在進行時被動式。表示正在受影響。也可以用havebeenaffected現在完成時被動式，表示已經受影響。對謂語動詞，時態(tài)，語態(tài)和主謂一致有時需要一起考慮。Underseacableshavebeenusedsincethe1850s.havebeenused謂語，現在完成時被動式，過去延續(xù)到現在。Wejustwantedtohavefunandmakeourselveslaugh.laugh動詞不定式作賓語補足語，make/have/let/see/hearsbdosth,動詞不定式省略符號to。It'shardtopredictwhatwillhappenevenonthesameday.willhappen謂語，一般將來時。Whereismypackedlunch?Imusthaveleftitathome!musthaveleft謂語，musthavedone表示對過去的肯定猜想。-CanIhaveasliceofpizza,please?-Wehaverunout,butwe'vegotsomethingbetter.haverunout謂語，現在完成時。已經賣完，過去發(fā)生，對現在有影響。Ourschoolisclosedduetothesnow.isclosed謂語,被動語態(tài)Youcan'tgetoutdressedlikethat.You'llcatchacold.dressedlikethat形容詞短語作狀語，表示狀態(tài)，分詞轉變?yōu)樾稳菰~用法，英語里很普遍，參照現在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別，主動或被動。TheaverageAmericanspendsalmosteighthoursadaylookingatscreens,accordingtorecentstudies.參見13題。Beescollectnectarallspringandsummertostoreandmakehoney.tostoreandmakehoney動詞不定式短語作目的狀語。Couldtimespentinnaturebethekeytoprotectingusfromtoday'sstress?spentinnature過去分詞短語作定語；protecting介詞to的賓語。Birdsallsingasiftheyknewtoday'sthedaywe'llsay"Idonandwellneverbelonelyanymore,knew謂語，與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣。Inatropicalrainforest,itrainsalmosteveryday.rains謂語、一般現在時，主謂一致。Backwhenelectricitydidn'texist,peoplereliedoncandles,oilorgastoprovidelightonthestreets.toprovidelightonthestreets動詞不定式短語作目的狀語。Focusingonyourownprogressisimportantforyourwellbeing.Focusingonyourownprogress動名詞短語作主語。It'simportanttoberealisticandrememberthatnobodyisperfect.toberealisticandrememberthatnobodyisperfect動詞不定式短語作主語，it為形式主語。Weworkhardtoprovetoourselveswecanovercomeanychallenges.toprovetoourselveswecanovercomeanychallenges動詞不定式短語作目的狀語。Thesejust-for-themmagazinesteachkidstolovethemselvesandtheworld.tolovethemselvesandtheworld動詞不定式短語作賓語補足語。Ourgoalistohaveyourchildleadanormallifefullofoutdooractivities.tohaveyourchildleadanormallifefullofoutdooractivities動詞不定式短語作表語；leadanormallifefullofoutdooractivities動詞不定式短語作賓語補足語，havesbdo省略to。Whatdidyouwanttogrowuptobewhenyouwereyoung?togrowuptobe動詞不定式短語作want的賓語。.1wanthertolearntomakeandenjoySouthAsianfood.tolearntomakeandenjoySouthAsianfood動詞不定式短語作賓語補足語。.1can'twaittotakehertoBangladeshandtoshowheraround.totakehertoBangladeshandtoshowheraround動詞不定式短語作賓語。can'twaittodosth迫不及待地要…Springistheperfecttimetogetoutsideanddiscovernature.togetoutsideanddiscovernature動詞不定式短語作time的定語。Tvealwayshadahardtimeseeingpeoplestandingaloneoroutside.seeingpeoplestandingaloneoroutside介詞賓語，haveahardtime后省略了介詞inostandingaloneoroutside現在分詞短語賓語補足語。seesbdo/doingsth都可以，看到某人在做什么，最好用doing。AftergraduatingfromZhejiangUniversity,shereturnedtoherhometown.條件狀語從句、時間狀語從句，主從句主語一致，從句可以省略主語，謂語動詞轉變?yōu)榉衷~。Adoghassavedahikerbylyingonthetopofhimfor13hourstokeephimwarm.hassaved謂語，過去發(fā)生，但對現在有影響，用現在完成時；lyingonthetopofhimfor13hours動名詞短語作介詞by賓語。WalkinginKyoto,Japan'scapitaluntil1868,youcanfeellikevisitinganotherera.WalkinginKyoto現在分詞短語作狀語；visitinganotherera做feellike的賓語，like是介詞。65?It'slovelygettingbacktowork.gettingbacktowork動名詞短語作主語；注意與動詞不定式短語toget作賓語的區(qū)別。Youneedtostaystillandquietwhenwatchingbirdssothatyoudon'tscarethemaway.參見62題。Oneofthediscoveriesoflockdownwasbecomingawareoflifepassing:beingaroundmyfamilyisimportant.becomingawareoflifepassing動名詞短語作表語，不是現在進行時；beingaroundmyfamily動名詞短語作主語。Withmanyofusstillworkingfromhome,it'sfeelingmorechallengingtokeepworkandhomelivesseparate.Withmanyofusstillworkingfromhome獨立主格結構，特殊的分詞短語作主語。Doesn'tMarchfeellikeabreathoffreshairblowingthroughyourlife?abreathoffreshairblowingthroughyourlife動名詞短語作主語，動名詞前有自己的邏輯主語abreathoffreshair。Elephanttusksareteeththatneverstopgrowing!Growing動名詞做stop的賓語；stopdoing停止做某事；stoptodo停下來去做另一件事情。It'sthepossibilityofhavingadreamcometruethatmakeslifeinteresting.makes謂語，主謂一致Cuttingdownonaddedsugarisanimportantchoiceforyourbody.added過去分詞作sugar的定語。Thesearerealproblemsthatareabsolutely.solving動名詞作介詞worth的賓語。Thisisaphotoofmygrandparentswhichwastakenshortlyaftertheirmarriage.wastaken謂語，被動句，一般過去時。Myeyesighthasbeenworseandworseovertheyears,whichiswhyIwearglasses.hasbeenworseandworse系表結構，現在完成時,過去一直延續(xù)到現在。Oftenthehardestthingtodoisgettingstarted.gettingstarted動名詞短語作表語，參見67題。Atrestaurants,weenjoyfoodwemaynevertakethetimetoprepare.toprepare動詞不定式做time的定語Apaintingdrawnbyapigknownas“pigcasso"hassoldfor￡20,000.drawnbyapigknownas“pigcasso”過去分詞短語作painting的定語。Grandmataughtmehowtomakesomedishesthataresosimpleanddelicious.howtomakesomedishesthataresosimpleanddelicious動詞不定式短語作賓語補足語；動詞不定式前可以用how,what,who等疑問詞搭配。TmsohappytoshareitwithyouandhopeyoulikeitasmuchasIdo.toshareitwithyou動詞不定式短語作賓語；系表結構behappy為復合謂語。Thisisthemomentwehavebeenwaitingfor,forsolong.havebeenwaiting謂語，現在完成進行時。justsawacatgobehindthetree.gobehindthetree動詞不定式短語作賓語補足語，不強調正在做什么，省略t。。Thelightarounduswasonthesurfaceofthesunjustover8minutesago.wasonthesurfaceofthesun系表結構，一般過去時。Remembertocheckyoursour