中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)整理

動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練【考點(diǎn)直擊】.動(dòng)詞分類及用法.動(dòng)詞的八種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法;.動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法；.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成及用法；.近義動(dòng)詞與易混動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)?！緞?dòng)詞分類及用法】實(shí)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞分類 聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞【八大時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法】（過(guò)去類時(shí)態(tài)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在類時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)將來(lái)類時(shí)態(tài)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)【被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法】（一）結(jié)構(gòu)：bedone（時(shí)態(tài)單復(fù)數(shù)，變be不變done）時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+P.P.(1)DotheyspeakFrench?(2)Theydon'tusetheroom.一般過(guò)去時(shí)(1)Thehunterkilledatiger.was/were+p.p.(2)Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+p.p.(1)Theseworkersarebuildinganewbridge.(2)Heismendinghiscar.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+p.p.(1)Hewassellingbooks.(2)Theywerediscussingtheplanatthattime.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+p.p.(1)ShehaslearnedmanyEnglishwords.(2)Hehasfinishedthework.過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+been+p.p.(1)Theyhassolvedtheproblem.(2)Wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.一般將來(lái)時(shí)shall/willbe+p.p.(1)Ishallmakeaplan.(2)Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)wouldbe+p.p.was/weregoingtobe+p.p.(1)Hetoldmetheywouldpainttheroom.(2)Theyweregoingtoputonaplaythenextweek.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may/must/should+be+p.p.(1)Weshouldhandinourhomework.(2)YoumustanswerthequestioninEnglish.（二）用法：三二一原則“三個(gè)無(wú)被動(dòng)”1、系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)（尤其注意感官動(dòng)詞）—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,itisfeltverysoft.2、不及物動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：rise,happen,succeed,lie,remained，takeplace,breakout,belongto,comeout,runout等。Aftertheearthquake,fewhouseswereremained.Thefirewasbrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding.3、有些動(dòng)詞既是及物又是不及物，當(dāng)它們和well,badly,easily等副詞連用時(shí)，表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能，是不及物動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，這時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常見(jiàn)的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等。Thebookssellwell.（主動(dòng)句）Thebooksweresoldout.（被動(dòng)句）Themeatdidn,tcookwell.（主動(dòng)句）Themeatwascookedforalongtime.（被動(dòng)句）“兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)化”1、雙賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化V+sb+sth*eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）▲常帶雙賓語(yǔ)的詞有：tell,show,lend,pass，teach,lend等。2、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化V+sb+todokV+sb+do*,eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）▲有這種用法的常用動(dòng)詞有：make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等?！耙粋€(gè)句型”在漢語(yǔ)中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)，在英語(yǔ)中一般可用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示，例如：據(jù)說(shuō) Itissaidthat... 希望 Itishopedthat…據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo) Itisreportedthat. 眾所周知 Itiswellknownthat.據(jù)推測(cè) Itissupposedthat…Itisreportedthatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.ItiswellknownthatThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclamp.（三）練習(xí)ThePeople'sRepublicofChina_onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfoundEnglishinCanada.A.speaksB.arespoken C.isspeaking D.isspokenThisEnglishsongbythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensungThiskindofcarinJapan.A.makesB. MadeC.ismakingD. ismadeNewcomputersallovertheworld.A. isused B.areusing C.areusedD.haveusedOurroommustclean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeepI'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry..A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensoldAnewhouseatthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuildingThekey onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleftDoctorsineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneedHisnewbooknextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublishedThesepapers yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwrittenThesportsmeetbehelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won't C.isn'tD.doesn't-Myshoesarewornout.A.Can'ttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Can'ttheymended?thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Arethesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.DoWhytotalkaboutityesterday?A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theldWhowasthebook?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby19.Theflowersoften.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwaterThebooksmayfortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrowTheoldbridgeinmyhometownnextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuiltNowthesemagazines_inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkeptThepotforhotwaterA.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keepThebridgestwoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuiltWetclothesareoftenupnearafireinrainyweatherA.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hungTheteapotwaterA.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filledOldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland politely.A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokentoNewly-bornbabiesinhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare29.JanetosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaidThecoathersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadetoIfiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven.Theteachermadehimhishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done.Thesechildrendance.A.wereseento B.wereseenforC.wereseen D.sawto.Thebike500yuan.A.wascostB.costed C.cost D.iscosted.Youcan'tusethecomputer,it.A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown.Greatchangesinourcountryduringthepast20years.A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened.Theapple verysweet.A.istastedB.tasteC.tastesD.aretasting.Howdirtythetablesare!Theyneed.A.tocleanB.cleanC.cleaningD.cleaned.-WhatdoyoucallthisinEnglish?-It'sastamp.Itisusedsending..A.forB.toCwithD.by【非謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成及用法】"todo，doing

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【近義動(dòng)詞與易混短語(yǔ)】近義詞辨析：say,speak,talk,tell (2)look,see,watch,read。 (3)borrow,lend,keep。(4)bring,take,carry,get,fecch。(5)wear,puton,dress,bein(6)spend,pay,take,cost。(7)reach,get,arrive。 (8)交通方式動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)整理：breakgiveout=handoutpassdown(on)…tocleanupbreakdowngiveaspeechcleanoutbreakoffgiveuppickbreakintopickuplearnhandlearnaboutcomehandinputlearnfromcomeonhandoutputupcomealongputoutdreamcomeovertokeepputoffdreamofcomeupwithkeepoutputintodreamaboutcomebykeepfromputawaycomeoutkeepawayfromputon31.workkeeponworkforfallkeepdownrunworkoutfallbehindrunafterworkasfalldownknockrunawayworkonfallintoknockat/onrunofffalloffknockintorunoutofarguefalloverarguewith...looksetargueabout..golookupsetupgobylookthroughsetoffcomplaingoon(with)lookafter/at/forcomplaintogoofflookout(for)takecomplainaboutgoonlookabout/around/roundtakeaftergoaheadlookforwardtotakeoffheargooutofone'swaytodotakeawayhearofmaketakeplacehearaboutgetmakeuptakeprideinhearfromgeton/offbemadeof/fromtakecareofgetinto/outofmakeoutoftakecaretodotalkgetovermakethe/one'sbedtalkaboutgetalong/onwithmakefriendswiththinktalkwith/to.getupmakemoneythinkofgetinto(trouble)makealivingthinkup其它常用詞組gettothinkaboutwakeuppassthinkoverstayupgivepassbydependongiveawaycleanworryabout

laughat9、動(dòng)詞十ineatupbeginwith4.動(dòng)詞+downhandinuseupmixupbreakdownsucceedinmakeupmajorinturndownjoinincutupgrowuppulldowntakepartinendupopenupfalldowntakeprideincleanupendup；majorinlookupthrowaway5.動(dòng)詞+fromhurryupaskforbedifferentfrom10、動(dòng)詞十intofixupwaitfohearfromturnintoopenupagreewithkeep/stop…什omdivide…intodivideupfindoutlearnfromchange…intobreakupsendoutput/translate…intomixupsearchfor6.動(dòng)詞+offfallintocheerupchopdownsetoffstickintocalluphappentogetoffbelongtotakeoff11、動(dòng)詞+over14、動(dòng)詞+witharrivein/atputoffturnoverd