四六級真題解析2017年6月四級第3套

2017年6月大學英語四級考試真題（第 3套）說明：由于2017年6月四級考試全國共考了2套聽力，本套真題聽力與前2套內容完全一致，只是順序不一樣，因此在本套真題中不再重復出現。Directions: Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce .America ’sInternetisfasterthaneverbefore,butpeoplestillcomplainabouttheirInternetbeingtooslow.NewYork ’sAttorneyGeneral ’s26officeaninvestigationinthefallintowhetherornotVerizon,Cablevisionand TimeWarneraredeliveringbroadbandthat ’sasfastastheproviders27 itis.Earlierthismonth,theofficeaskedforthepublic ’shelptomeastheirspeedresults,sayingconsumers28 togetthespeedstheywerepromised. “Toomanyofusmaybepayin gforonething,andgettinganother, ”theAttorneyGeneralsaid.Iftheinvestigationuncoversanything,itwouldn ’tbethefirsttimeatelecomprovidergotinto29overthebroadbandspeedsitpromisedanddeliveredcustomers.BackinJune,theFederalCommunicationsCommissionfinedAT&T$100millionover30thatthecarriersecretlyreducedwirelessspeedsaftercustomersconsumedacertainamountof31.Evenwhentheystayontherightsideofthelaw,Internetprovidersarouseconsumersangeroverbandwidthspeedandcost.Justthisweek,aninvestigationfoundthatmediaandtelecomgiantComcastisthemost32provider.Over10months,Comcastreceived12,000customercomplaints,many33toitsmonthlydatacapandoverage(

超過額度的

)charges.SomeAmericansaregettingso34 withInternetprovidersthey ’

rejustgivingup.ArecentstudyfoundthatthenumberofAmericanswithhigh-speedInternetathometoday35fellduringthelasttwoyears,and15%ofpeoplenowconsiderthemselvestobe

-cutters”.A)accusationsactuallyclaimcommunicatingcomplaindatadeservedfrustratedhatedlaunchedrelatingtimestroubleusuallyworried26.正確答案：J解析：動詞辨析題。根據空格前的名詞 office 和空格后的“ aninvestigation ”可知，空格處需要填入一個動詞作謂語，且由時間狀語“ inthefall ”可知，填入的動詞應為過去式。備選項中符合要求的動詞有 deserved、hated、launched、frustrated 。根據上下文可知此處句意為，紐約司法部辦公室于秋日開展了一項調查， launched 意為“發(fā)射；開展”，填入后與句意相符。deserved、hated、frustrated 分別意為“值得”、“憎恨”、“挫敗”，填入后均與句意不符。故空格處應填入 launched，本題答案為J。27.正確答案：C解析：動詞辨析題。根據空格前的名詞 providers 和空格后的“ itis ”可知，空格處需要填入一個動詞原形作謂語。備選項中的動詞原形有 claim、complain。根據上下文可知此處句意為，這些公司所提供的寬帶速度與其聲稱的寬帶速度是否一致， claim意為“聲稱”，填入后與句意相符。 Complain 意為“抱怨”，填入后與句意不符。故空格處應填入 claim，本題答案為C。28.正確答案：G解析：動詞辨析題。根據空格前的“ sayingconsumers ”和空格后的“ togetthetheyspeweredspromised ”可知，空格處需要填入一個動詞的過去式在 saying引導的賓語從句中作謂語，且該動詞可以和 to搭配。備選項中的動詞過去分詞有 deserved、hated、worried、frustrated 。根據上下文可知此處句意為，辦公室聲明消費者理應享受到這些公司所承諾的網速。 deserved 意為“應得，值得”，可與 to搭配，填入后與句意相符。 hated 意為“憎恨”、worried 意為“擔心”、frustrated 意為“挫敗”，填入后均與句意不符。故空格處應填入 deserved，本題答案為 G。29.正確答案：M解析：名詞辨析題。根據空格前的動詞詞組“ got”into可知，空格處需要填入一個名詞。備選項中的名詞有 accusations、data、times、trouble。根據上下文可知此處句意為，這并非是電信提供商第一次因為承諾的網速與實際提供給消費者的網速不一致而陷入困境之中， trouble 意為“麻煩；故障”，填入后與句意相符。 accusations、data、times分別意為“指控；罪名”、“數據”、“時代”，填入后均與句意不符。故空格處應填入 trouble，本題答案為M。30.正確答案：A解析：名詞辨析題。根據空格前的介詞 over和空格后的that引導的同位語從句可知，空格處需要填入一個名詞。備選項中剩余的名詞有 accusations、data、times。根據上下文可知此處句意為，美國聯邦通信委員會對美國電話電報公司開出了 1億美元的罰單并對其行為進行指控， accusations 意為“指控；罪名”，填入后與句意相符。 data、times分別意為“數據”、“時代”，填入后均與句意不符。故空格處應填入 accusations，本題答案為A。31.正確答案：F解析：名詞辨析題。根據空格前的“acertainamountof ”可知，空格處需要填入一個名詞。備選項中剩余的名詞有 data、times。根據上下文可知此處句意為，運營商在消費者消費了一定數量的數據后秘密降低網速， data意為“數據”，填入后與句意相符。 times意為“時代”填入后與句意不符。故空格處應填入 data，本題答案為 F。32.正確答案：I解析：形容詞辨析題。根據空格前的“ themost ”和空格provider后的 可知，空格處需要填入一個形容詞或動詞的分詞形式作前置定語來修飾 provider。備選項中的形容詞或動詞的分詞形式有 hated、frustrated 、communicating 、relating。根據上下文可知此處句意為，媒體和電信巨頭康卡斯特公司是最為人所憎惡的供應商，根據語態(tài)可知，此處為被動語態(tài)，故應填入過去分詞， hated意為“憎恨”，填入后與句意相符。 frustrated 意為“沮喪的，挫敗的”，填入后與句意不符， relating 意為“聯系；講述，敘述”、 communicating意為“通信；溝通”，填入后均不符合語態(tài)要求。故空格處應填入 hated，本題答案為 I。33.正確答案：K解析：動詞辨析題。分析空格所在句可知，該句是對前半句中“ customercomplaints ”的描述，空格處需要填入一個能夠與介詞to搭配的動名詞或動詞的分詞形式。備選項中符合要求的詞有 frustrated 、communicating 、relating。根據上下文可知此處句意為，這些投訴很多都與公司的每月數據上限和超額收費有關， relating 意為“聯系；講述，敘述”，且能與介詞to搭配，填入后與句意相符。 frustrated 、communicating 分別意為“沮喪的，挫敗的”、“通信；溝通”，填入后與句意不符。故空格處應填入 relating，本題答案為K。34.正確答案：H解析：形容詞辨析題。根據空格前的“ aregettingso ”和空格后with的介可詞知，空格處需要填入一個能夠與 with搭配的形容詞。備選項中的形容詞有 frustrated 、worried。根據上下文可知此處句意為，一些美國消費者對于網絡提供商感到如此失望以致于他們放棄了使用， frustrated 意為“沮喪的，挫敗的”，填入后與句意相符。Worried 意為“擔心的”，填入后與句意不符，故空格處應填入 frustrated ，本題答案為 H。35.正確答案：B解析：副詞辨析題。分析空格所在句可知，該句為 that引導的賓語從句，空格前為主語“ thenumberofAmericanswithhigh- speedInternetathometoday ”，空格后fell為謂，語因此空格處需填入一個副詞，修飾動詞fell。備選項中的副詞有 actually、usually。根據上下文可知此處句意為，最近的一項研究發(fā)現，在過去兩年中，擁有高速互聯網的美國人的數量實際上是下降了， actually 意為“事實上”，填入后與句意相符。usually意為“通常”，填入后與句意不符。故空格處應填入 actually，本題答案為B。Directions: Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.FromAccountanttoYogi:MakingaRadicalCareerChangeAtsomepoint,almostallofuswillexperienceaperiodofradicalprofessionalchange.Someofuswillseekitout:forothersitwillfeellikeanunwelcomeintrusionintootherwisestablecareers.Eitherway,wehavechoicesabouthowwerespondtoitwhenitcomes.WerecentlycaughtupwithyogaentrepreneurLeahZaccaria,whoputherselfthroughthefireofchangetocompletelyreinventherself.Inhersearchtolivealifeofpurpose,Leahleftherhigh-payingaccountingjob,herhusband,andherhome.Intheprocess,shebuiltaradicallynewlifeandcareer.Sincethen,shehasfoundedtwoyogastudios,metanewlifepartner,andformedanewcommunityofpeople.Evenifyourpersonalreinventionislessdrastic,wethinktherearelessonsfromherexperiencethatapply.[C]Wheredotheseedsofchangecomefrom?TheNativeAmericanIndianshaveasaying:“Payattentiontothewhisperssoyouwon ’thavetohearthescreams. ”O(jiān)ftentheideasforbigchangescomefromunexpectedplaces —it ’sjustamatteroftuningin.Greatleadersrecognizetheweaksignalsorslightsignsthatpointtobigchangestocome.Leahreflectsonatimeshelistenedtothewhispers: “Aboutthetimemydaughterwasfiveyearsold.Istartedhavingasensethat ‘thisisn ’tright ’.”Shethenrealizherlifenolongermatchedhervisionforit.Upuntilthatpoint,Leahhadfollowedtraditionalmeasuresofsuccess.Aftergraduatingwithadegreeinbusinessandaccounting,shejoinedapublicaccountingfirm,married,boughtahouse,putlotsofstuffinit,andhadabab y. “Ididwhateverybodyelsethoughtlookedsuccessful,shesays.Leaheasilycouldhavefallenintoatrapoffeelingcontent,instead,herenergysparkedaperiodofexperimentationandrenewal.Feelingtheneedtochange,Leahstartedplayingwithfuturepossibilitiesbyexploringherinterestsanddevelopingnewcapabilities.Firsttryingphysicalexerciseanddieting.Shelostsomeweightanddiscoveredaninnerstrength. “IfeltpowerfulbecauseIbrokethroughmyownlimitations ”,sherecalls.[F]However,itwasanotherinterestthatledLeahtoradicallyreinventherself.remembersittingonabenchwithmyauntatayogastudio, ”shesaid, “andhavinmomentofclarityrightthenandthere.Yogaissavingmylife.Yogaiswakingmeup.I mnothappyandIwanttochangeandI ’mdonewiththis. ”InthatmomentofclarityLeahmadeanimportantleap,conqueringherinnerresistancetochangeandmakingafirmcommitmenttotakebiggersteps.Creatingthefutureyouwantisaloteasierifyouarereadytoexploittheopportunitiesthatcomeyourway.WhenLeahmadethecommitmenttochange,sheprimedherselftonewopportunitiesshemayotherwisehaveoverlooked.Sherecalls:[H]OnedayamanIworkedwith,Ryan,whohadhisofficenext tomine,said, “Leah,let ’sgolookatthisspaceonQueenAnne. ”Heknewmyloveforyogaandhadseenaspaceclosetowherehelivedthathethoughtmightbegoodtoserveasayogastudio.AssoonasIsawthelocation,Iknewthiswasit.OfcourseIwasscared,yetIhadthisstrongsenseof “Ihavetodothis. ”O(jiān)nlyafewmonthslaterLeahopenedherfirstyogastudio,butsuccesswasnotinstant.[I]Creatingthefuturetakestime.That ’swhyleaderscontinuetomanagethepresentwhilebuildingto wardthebignonlinearchangesofthefuture.Whenit ’stimetomaketheleap,theytakeactionanddecisivelydropwhat ’snolongerservingtheirpurpose.InitiallyLeahstayedwithheraccountingjobwhilestartinguptheyogastudiotomakeitallwork.Soonafter,sheknewshehadtomakeaboldmovetofullycommittohernewfuture.Withintwoyears,Leahshedthesafetyofheraccountingjobandmadetheswitchcomplete.Suchdrasticchangeisnoteasy.[K]Steeringthroughchangeandfacingobstaclesbringsusfacetofacewithourfears.Leahreflectsononeincidentthattriggeredherfears,whenherinvestorsthreatenedtoshutherdown: “IwasprobablyupagainstthemostfearI ’veeverhad, ”shesayshadspenttwoyearscultivatingthiscommunity,andithadbecomesuccessfulveryfast,butwithinsixmonthsIwasfacingtheprospectoflosingitall. ”[L]Sheconnectedwithhersenseofpurposeanddugdeep,cultivatingatremendoussenseofstrength. “IwasfeelingsointentionalandstrongthatIwasn ’tgoingtoletfearjtakeover.Iwasthinking, ‘OK,guys,ifyouwanttotrytoshutmedown,shutmedown.AndIknewitwasanegotiationscheme,soIwasabletosaytomyself, ‘ThisisnBynamingherfearsandfacingthemhead-on,Leahgainedconfidence.Formostofus,lettinggoofthesafetyandsecurityofthepastgivesusgreatfear.Callingoutourfearsexplicitly,asLeahdid,canhelpusactdecisively.[M]Thecycleofrenewalneverends.Leah ’sgrowthdhertospurreopensecondstudio —anditwasn ’tforthemoney.[N]Ihavenodesiretomakemillionsofdollars.It ’snotaboutthat;it ’sabome,Honestly,Ididn ’tneedtoopenasecondstudio.IwasmakingasmuchasIwasasanaccountant.But Iknowifyoudon ’tgrow,youstandstill,andthatdoesn ’tworkformConsiderthecurrentmomentinyourownlife,yourteamoryourorganization.Whereareyouinthecycleofrenewal:Areyouactivelypreservingthepresent,orselectivelyforgettingthepast,orboldlycreatingthefuture?WhatadvicewouldLeahgiveyoutomoveyouaheadonyourjourney?Oncewe ’reonthepathofgrowth,wecancontinuallymovethroughtheseasonsoftransformationandrenewal.36.Readinesstotakeadvantageo fnewopportunitieswillmakeiteasiertocreateone ’desiredfuture.正確答案：G解析：同義轉述題。由題干中的“ createone ’sdesiredfutureopportunities”、、easier定位到文章G段第一句。定位句大意為“如果你已經準備好利用這些迎面而來的機會，那么創(chuàng)造你想要的未來就容易多了”，其中定位句中的“ youarereadytoexploittheopportunities eatingthefuture”、you“Crwant”和題干中的“ Readinesstotakeadvantageofnewopportunities ”、“ createonedesiredfuture ”對應。題干是對定位句的同義轉述。故本題答案為G。翻譯：隨時準備利用新的機會會更容易創(chuàng)造一個自己想要的未來。37.Byconventionalstandards,Leahwasatypicalsuccessfulwomanbeforeshechangedhercareer.正確答案：D解析：細節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的“ conventionalstandards Leah、”successful、定位到文章D段第一句、第三句。定位句大意為“在此之前，利亞一直遵循著傳統(tǒng)衡量成功的標準”、“我所做的事情，在其他人看來是成功的”，其中題干中的“ atypicalsuccessfulwoman ”是對定位句的歸納概括，“followedtraditionalmeasures ”是對題干中“ Byconventionalstandards ”的同義轉述，本題答案為D。翻譯：轉行之前的利亞，在傳統(tǒng)標準之下是一個典型的成功女性。38.Leahgainedconfidencebylayingoutherfearsandconfrontingthemdirectly.正確答案：L解析：同義轉述題。由題干中的“ Leahgainedconfidence fears”定、位到文章L段第五句。定位句大意為“通過說出自己的恐懼并面對它們，利亞獲得了信心”，其中定位句中的“ fathemhead- on”、“ Leahgainedconfidence ”和題干中的“ confrontingthemdirectly ”“Leahgainedconfidence ”對應。題干是對定位句的同義轉述。故本題答案L為。翻譯：利亞通過訴說自己的恐懼并直面恐懼而獲得了信心。Insearchofameaningfullife,Leahgaveupwhatshehadandsetupherownyogastudios.正確答案：B解析：細節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的search、life和“yogastudios ”定位到文B章段第二句至四句。定位句大意為“為了尋求有意義的生活，利亞放棄了高薪的會計工作，離開了她的丈夫，走出了她的家庭。在這個過程中，她開啟了一個全新的生活和事業(yè)。也是從那時起，她創(chuàng)辦了兩個瑜伽工作室，結識了新的生活伴侶，組建了一個新的朋友圈”，其中題干中的“ Insearchofameaningfullife ”和“ gaveupwhatshehad ”是對定位句的歸納概括，故本題答B(yǎng)。案為翻譯：為了尋求有意義的生活，利亞放棄了自己的一切，建立了自己的瑜伽工作室。40.Leah ’sinterestinyogapromotedhertomakeafirmdecisiontoreshapeherlife.正確答案：F解析：細節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的“ interest ”、“ yoga”和“ makeafirmdecision F段”整定段位。到文章定位段大意為“另一個興趣導致利亞徹底改造自己。她說：“我記得我和姨媽坐在瑜伽工作室的長椅上，當時有一瞬間感覺無比清晰。瑜伽拯救了我的生命。瑜伽正在將我喚醒。我并不快樂，我想改變，我忍夠了這一切?！痹谶@個清晰的時刻，利亞邁出了一個重要的一步，征服了她內在的對于改變的抗拒，堅決承諾邁出更大的一步”，其中題干中的“ yogapromotedhertomakeafirmdecisiontoreshapeherlife ”是對定位段的歸納概括，故本題F。答案為翻譯：利亞對瑜伽的興趣促使其作出重塑自己生活的決定。41.Smallsignsmayindicategreatchangestocomeandthereforemeritattention.正確答案：C解析：細節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的“ Smallsigns ”、“ greatchangestocome C”段定第位三到句文、章四句。定位句大意為“產生巨大變化的最佳想法通常來自意想不到的地方——這只是調整思維的問題。偉大的領袖能夠認識到巨大變革即將來臨的微弱信號或跡象”，其中題干中的“ Smallsignsmayindicategreatchangestocome ”是對定位句的歸納概括，故本題答C。案為翻譯：小的跡象可能表明巨大變化的到來，因此值得我們留意。42.Leah ’sfirstyogastudiowasbynomeansanimmediatesuccess.正確答案：H解析：同義轉述題。由題干中的“ firstyogastudio ”、“ animmediatesuccess H段”最定后位一到句文。章定位句大意為“僅僅幾個月之后，利亞就開辦了自己的第一家瑜伽工作室，然而成功并非立即來臨”，其中定位句中的“ successwasnotinstant ”和題干中的“ bynomeansanimmediatesuccess”對應。題干是對定位句的同義轉述。故本題答案為 H。翻譯：利亞的第一個瑜伽工作室并不是立竿見影的成功。43.Somepeopleregardprofessionalchangeasanunpleasantexperiencethatdisturbstheirstablecareers.正確答案：A解析：同義轉述題。由題干中的“ professionalchangeasanunpleasantexperience ”、“ stablecareers ”文章A段第一、二句。定位句大意為“在某一時刻，我們幾乎所有人都會經歷一段激進的職業(yè)變革時期。我們中的一些人會去尋找它：對另一些人來說，這會讓人覺得本來穩(wěn)定的職業(yè)是不受歡迎的”，其中定位句中的“anunwelcomeintrusionintootherwisestablecareers ”和題干中的“ anunpleasantexperiencethatdisturbstheirstablecareers ”對應。題干是對定位句的同義轉述。故本題答案為A。翻譯：有些人認為職業(yè)變化是一種不愉快的經歷，因為這干擾了他們穩(wěn)定的職業(yè)生涯。44.TheworstfearthatLeaheverhadwastheprospectoflosingheryogabusiness.正確答案：K解析：同義轉述題。由題干中的“ worstfear ”、“ heprospect oflosing heryoga business ”定位到文章K段第二、三句。定位句大意為“利亞回憶起了一件令她恐懼的事情，當時她的投資人威脅稱要關閉她的工作室，她說，‘我可能遇到了我有史以來最害怕的事情，我花了兩年時間培養(yǎng)這個圈子，它很快就成功了，但在六個月的時間里，我就要面臨著即將失去它的可能性’”，其中定位句中的“ themostfeI’veeverhad ”、“ facingtheprospectoflosingitall ”和題干中的“ TheworstfearLeaheverhad ”、“ losingheryogabusiness ”對應。題干是對定位句的同義轉述。故本題答案為K。翻譯：利亞最害怕的是失去對于瑜伽事業(yè)的愿景。45.Assheexplorednewinterestsanddevelopednewpotentials,Leahfeltpowerfulinternally.正確答案：E解析：細節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的“ explorednewinterests ”、“ developednewpotentialspowerful 定位到”文和章E段第一、二句。定位句大意為“感覺到需要改變，利亞開始探索未來的可能性，探索自己的興趣和發(fā)展新的能力。首先，她嘗試體育鍛煉和節(jié)食后，她瘦了一些，并且發(fā)現了一種內在的力量”，其中題干中的“explorednewinterestsanddevelopednewpotentials ”和“ Leahfeltpowerfulinternally是對定位句的歸納概括，故本題答案為 E。翻譯：當利亞探索新的興趣和發(fā)展新的潛力時，她感受到了一種內在的力量。Directions: Readthepassagebelow,afterwhichtherearefivequestions.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDforeachquestion .PassageOneUrbanization —migrationawayfromthesuburbstothecentralcity

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willbethebiggestrealestatetrendin2015,accordingtoanewreport.ThereportsaysAmerica ’surbanizationwillcontinuetobethemostsignificantissueaffectingtheindustry,ascitiesacrossthecountryimitatethewalkabilityandtransit-orienteddevelopmentmakingcitieslikeNewYorkandSanFranciscososuccessful.Assmallercitiescopythemodelofthese-hourcities“24more”，affordableversionsoftheseplaceswillbecreated.Thereportreferstothisasthecomingofthe-hourcity ”,andusesthetermtorefertocitieslikeHousto n,Austin,Charlotte,andNashville,whichare “positioningthemselvesashighlycompetitive,intermsoflivability,employmentofferings,andrecreationalandculturalamenities. ”Anothertrendthatlookssignificantin2015isthatAmerica ulationgroup,’slargestpopMillennials(千禧一代),willcontinuetoputoffbuyingahouse.ApartmentswillretaintheirappealforawhileforMillennials,hauntedbywhathappenedtohome-owningparents.Thistrendwillcontinueintothe2020s,thereportprojects.Afterthat,surveyrespondentsdisagreeoverwhetherthisgenerationwillfollowintheirparents’movingtothesuburbstoraisefamilies,orwillchoosetoremainintheurbancore.Thesurveyprojectsthatthispopulationcohortwillevolveandsegmentovertime,andwarnsagainstpaintingthegenerationwithtoobroadabrush.AnotherissueaffectingrealestateinthecomingyearwillbeAmerica’sfailinginfrastructure.Mostroads,bridges,transit,watersystems,theelectricgrid,andcommunicationsnetworkswereinstalled50to100yearsago,andtheyarelargelytakenforgranteduntiltheyfail.Thereport ’swritersstatethatAmerica ’sfailuretoinvestininfrastructureimpactsnotonlythehealthofthereal-estatemarket,butalsoourabilitytoremaingloballycompetitive.Apartfromthespecifictrendshighlightedabove,whichcausesomeinvestorstoworry,thereportportraysanoveralloptimismbornebytherecenthealthyreal-

estate

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upcycle

”andimprovingeconomy.Seventy-fourpercentoftherespondentssurveyedreporta“goodtoexcellent”expectationof-restatealprofitabilityin2015.Whileexcessiveoptimismcanpromotebadinvestmentpatterns,resultinginareal- estate “bubble ”the，report ’swritersdownplaythatpotentialou tcomeinthatithasnotyetoccurred.Accordingtothenewreport,realestatedevelopmentin2015willwitness____.A)anacceleratingspeedB)ashifttocitycentersC)anewfocusonsmallcitiesD)anever-increasingdemand正確答案：B解析：細節(jié)題。由第一段第一句“ Urbanizationmigration—awayfromthesuburbstothecentralcity —willbethebiggestrealestatetrendin2015,accordingtoanewreport ”可知，原文指出“一項新報告，城市化——即人口從郊區(qū)遷移到市中心，將成為 2015年房地產領域最大的發(fā)展趨勢”，即2015年房地產開發(fā)將會見證人口向市中心轉移，故 B項符合題意。A項“加速進程”、C項“重點關注小城市”、 D項“需求不斷增加”均于文無據。綜上，本題答案為 B。47.Whatcharacterizes -hour“cities24 ”likeNewYork?Peoplecanlivewithoutprivatecars.Peoplearegenerallymorecompetitive.Peoplecanenjoyservicesaroundtheclock.Peopleareinharmonywiththeenvironment.正確答案：A解析：推斷題。由第二段第一句“ ThereportsaysAmerica ’surbanizationwillcontinuetobethemostsignificantissueaffectingtheindustry,ascitiesacrossthecountryimitatethewalkabilityandtransit-orienteddevelopmentmakingcitieslikeNewYorkandSanFranciscososuccessful ”、第三段第一句“ Assmallercitiescopythemodelofthese -hourcities ’,‘24moreaffordableversionsoftheseplaceswillbecreated ”可知，原文指出“美國的城市化將續(xù)成為影響整個行業(yè)的最重要的因素，因為全國的城市都在模仿像紐約和舊金山這樣成功的可步行和以公共交通為導向的開發(fā)模式”、“隨著小城市復制這些‘ 小時城市’的模24式，這些‘24小時城市’更經濟的版本將被創(chuàng)建”，即紐約這種“ 小時城市”是24公共交通導向型，公共交通便利人們可以不使用私家車，故 A項符合題意。B項“人們通常更具競爭力”、 C項“人們可以全天候享受服務”、D項“人們與環(huán)境和諧相處”均于文無據。綜上，本題答案為 A。WhyareMillennialsarereluctanttobuyahouse?A)Theycanonlyaffordsmallapartments.Thehousepricesarecurrentlytoohigh.Theirparents’badexperiencestillhauntsthem.Theyfeelattachedtothesuburbanenvironment.正確答案：C解析：推斷題。由第四段第二句“ ApartmentswillretaintheirappealforawhileforMillennials,hauntedbywhathappenedtohome- owningparents ”可知，原文指出“公寓將在一段時間內對千禧一代保持其吸引力，因為他們被房產擁有者的父母的購房經歷所困擾”，即父母不如意的購房經歷仍然困擾著千禧一代，故 C項符合題意。B項“目前房價太高”、D項“他們依戀郊區(qū)的環(huán)境”于文無據；A項“他們只能負擔得起小公寓”不合文意。綜上，本題答案為 C。WhatmighthinderrealestatedevelopmentintheU.S.?A)Thecontinuingeconomicrecessioninthecountry.Thelackofconfidenceonthepartofinvestors.Thefierceglobalcompetition.Theworseninginfrastructure.正確答案：D解析：推斷題。由第六段第一句“ AnotherissueaffectingrealestateinthecomingyearwillbeAmericafailinginfrastructure ”、第七段“ Thereport ’swritersstatethatAmerica

’

sfailuinvestininfrastructureimpactsnotonlythehealthofthereal-estatemarket,butalsoourabilitytoremaingloballycompetitive ”可知，原文指出“在未來一年里影響房地產的另一個因素將是美國年久失修的基礎設施”、“報告的作者指出，美國在基礎設施方面投資力度不足，不僅影響房地產市場的健康發(fā)展，還影響美國保持國際競爭力”，即惡化的基礎設施可能阻礙美國的房地產開發(fā)，故 D項符合題意。A項“該國持續(xù)的經濟衰退”、 B項“投資者缺乏信心”于文無據； C項“激烈的全球競爭”不合文意。綜上，本題答案為 D。HowdomostoftherespondentsinthesurveyfeelabouttheU.S.real-estatemarketin2015?Pessimistic.Hopeful.Cautious.Uncertain.正確答案：B解析：推斷題。由第八段第二句“ Seventy-fourpercentoftherespondentssurveyedreporta ‘goodtoexcellent ’expectationofreal-estateprofitabilityin2015 ”可知，原文指出“接受調查的受訪者中，有74％的受訪者表示對 2015年房地產行業(yè)的盈利能力抱有 ‘好到極致’的預期”，即受訪者對于2015年美國房地產市場態(tài)度樂觀，故 B項符合題意。C項“態(tài)度謹慎”、D項“不確定2015年美國房地產市場走向”均于文無據； A項“態(tài)度悲觀”不合題意。綜上，本題答案為 B。PassageTwoThebrainisaseeminglyendlesslibrary,whoseshelveshouseourmostpreciousmemoriesaswellasourlifetimecapacity?

’sknowledge.ButisthereapointwhereitreachesTheanswerisaresoundingno,because,well,brainsaremoresophisticatedthanthat.Astudypublishedin NatureNeuroscience earlierthisyearshowsthatinsteadofjustcrowdingin,oldinformationissometimespushedoutofthebrainfornewmemoriestoform.Previousbehaviouralstudieshaveshownthatlearningnewinformationcanleadtoforgetting.Butinanewstudy,researchersdemonstratedforthefirsttimehowthiseffectoccursinthebrain.Indailylife,forgettingactuallyhasclearadvantages.Imagine,forinstance,thatyoulostyourbankcard.Thenewcardyoureceivewillcomewithanewpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN).EachtimeyourememberthenewPIN,yougraduallyforgettheoldone.Thisprocessimprovesaccesstorelevantinformation,withoutoldmemoriesinterfering.Andmostofuswillbeabletoidentifywiththefrustrationofhavingoldmemoriesinterferewithnew,relevantmemories.Considertryingtorememberwhereyouparkedyourcarinthesamecarparkyouwereataweekearlier.Thistypeofmemory(whereyouaretryingtoremembernew,butsimilarinformation)isparticularlysusceptibletointerference.Whenweacquirenewinformation,thebrainautomaticallytriestoincorporate(

合并)itwithinexistinginformationbyformingassociations.Andwhenweretrieve(information,boththedesiredandassociatedbutirrelevantinformationisrecalled.

檢索)Themajorityofpreviousresearchhasfocusedonhowwelearnandremembernewinformation.Butcurrentstudiesarebeginningtoplacegreateremphasisontheconditionsunderwhichweforget,asitsimportancebeginstobemoreappreciated.Averysmallnumberofpeopleareabletorememberalmosteverydetailoftheirlife.Whileitmaysoundlikeanadvantagetomany,peoplewiththisrareconditionoftenfindtheirunusualabilityburdensome.Inasense,forgettingisourbrain ’swayofsortingmemories,sothemostrelevantmemoriesarereadyforretrieval.Normalforgettingmayevenbeasafetymechanismtoensureourbraindoesn ’tbecometoofull.51.Whathavepastbehaviouralstudiesfoundaboutourbrain?A)Itscapacityactuallyknowsnolimits.B)Itgrowssophisticatedwithpractice.C)Itkeepsourmostpreciousmemoriesuntillife ’send.D)Newinformationlearnedpushesoldinformationout.正確答案：D解析：推斷題。由文章第二段第二句、第三段第一句“ insteadofjustcrowdingin,oldinformationissometimespushedoutofthebrainfornewmemoriestoform ”、“ Previousbehaviouralstudieshaveshownthatlearningnewinformationcanleadtoforgetting ”可知，原文“信息不僅僅是擠入大腦，而且有時候舊信息會被所形成的新信息擠出來”、“先前的行為學研究表明，學習新的信息會導致對舊信息的遺忘”，故 D項“習得的新信息會把大腦中的舊信息推出來”符合題意。B項“大腦會隨著練習而愈發(fā)成熟”于文無據； A項“實際上大腦容量沒有限制”、 C項“大腦會保留我們最珍貴的回憶，直至生命結束”均不合文意。綜上，本題答案為 D。Whatisthebenefitofforgetting?A)Itfreesusfrompainfulmemories.B)Ithelpsslowdownouragingprocess.C)Itfacilitatesouraccesstorelevantinformation.D)Itpreventsoldinformationfromformingassociations.正確答案：C解析：推斷題