2023年大學(xué)英語四級考試試題

6月大學(xué)英語四級考試試題Part=1\*ROMANIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteALetterofApologyaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1.娛樂活動多種多樣2.娛樂活動也許使人們受益，也也許有危害性3.作為大學(xué)生，我旳見解。RecreationalActivitiesPart=2\*ROMANIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)MediaSelectionforAdvertisementsAfterdeterminingthetargetaudienceforaproductorservice,advertisingagenciesmustselecttheappropriatemediafortheadvertisement.Wediscussherethemajortypesofmediausedinadvertising.Wefocusonattentiononseventypesofadvertising:television,newspapers,radio,magazines,out-of-home,Internet,anddirectmail.TelevisionTelevisioninanattractivemediumforadvertisingbecauseitdeliversmassaudiencestoadvertisers.WhenyouconsiderthatnearlythreeoutoffourAmericanshaveseenthegameshowWhoWantstoBeaMillionaire?youcanunderstandthepoweroftelevisiontocommunicatewithalargeaudience.Whenadvertiserscreateabrand,forexample,theywanttoimpressconsumerswiththebrandanditsimage.Televisionprovidesanidealvehicleforthistypeofcommunication.Buttelevisionisanexpensivemedium,andnotalladvertiserscanaffordtouseit.Television’sinfluenceonadvertisingisfourfold.First,narrowcastingmeansthattelevisionchannelsareseenbyanincreasinglynarrowsegmentoftheaudience.theGolfChannel,forinstance,iswatchedbypeoplewhoplaygolf.HomeandGardenTelevisionisseenbythoseinterestedinhouseholdimprovementprojects.Thus,audiencesaresmallerandmorehomogeneous(具有共同特點旳)thantheyhavebeeninthepast.Second,thereisanincreaseinthenumberoftelevisionchannelsavailabletoviewers,andthus,advertisers.Thishadalsoresultedinanincreaseinthesheernumberofadvertisementstowhichaudiencesareexposed.Third,digitalrecordingdevicesallowaudiencemembersmorecontroloverwhichcommercialstheywatch.Fourth,controloverprogrammingisbeingpassedfromthenetworkstolocalcableoperatorsandsatelliteprogrammers.NewspapersAftertelevision,themediumattractingthenextlargestannualasrevenueisnewspapers.TheNewYorkTimes,whichreachesanationalaudience,accountsfor$1billioninadrevenueannually.Ithasincreaseditsnationalcirculation(發(fā)行量)by40%andisnowavailableforhomedeliveryin168cities.Locally,newspapersarethelargestadvertisingmedium.Newspapersarealessexpensiveadvertisingmediumthantelevisionandprovideawayforadvertiserstocommunicatealonger,moredetailedmessagetotheiraudiencethantheycanthroughtelevision.Givennewproductiontechniques,advertisementscanbeprintedinabout48hours,meaningnewspapersarealsoaquickwayofgettingthemessageout.Newspapersareoftenthemostimportantformofnewsforalocalcommunity,andtheydevelopahighdegreeofloyaltyfromlocalreaders.RadioAdvertisingonradiocontinuestogrow.Radioisoftenusedinconjunctionwithoutdoorbill-boards(廣告牌)andtheInternettoreachevenmorecustomersthantelevision.Advertisersarelikelytouseradiobecauseitisalessexpensivemediumthantelevision,whichmeansadvertiserscanaffordtorepeattheiradsoften.Internetcompaniesarealsoturningtoradioadvertising.Radioprovidesawayforadvertiserstocommunicatewithaudiencemembersatalltimesoftheday.Consumerslistentoradioontheirwaytoschoolorwork,atwork,onthewayhome,andintheeveninghours.Twomajorchanges—satelliteandInternetradio—willforceradioadvertiserstoadapttheirmethods.Bothoftheseradioformsallowlistenerstotuneinstationsthataremoredistantthanthelocalstationstheycouldreceiveinthepast.Asaresult,radiowillincreasinglyattracttargetaudienceswholivemanymilesapart.MagazinesNewsweeklies,women’stitles,andbusinessmagazineshaveallseenincreasesinadvertisingbecausetheyattractthehigh-endmarket.Magazinesarepopularwithadvertisersbecauseofthenarrowmarketthattheydeliver.Abroadcastmediumsuchasnetworktelevisionattractsalltypesofaudiencemembers,butmagazineaudiencesaremorehomogeneous.IfyoureadSportsIllustrated,forexample,youhavesuchincommonwiththemagazine’sotherreaders.Advertisersseemagazinesasanefficientwayofreachingtargetaudiencemembers.Advertisersusingtheprintmedia—magazinesandnewspapers—willneedtoadapttotwomainchanges.First,theInternetwillbringlargeraudiencestolocalnewspapers.Theseaudienceswillbemorediverseandgeographicallydispersed(分散)thaninthepast.Second,advertiserswillhavetounderstandhowtouseanincreasingnumberofmagazinesfortheirtargetaudiences.Althoughsomemagazineswillmaintainnationalaudiences,alargenumberofmagazineswillentertainnarroweraudiences.Out-of-homeadvertisingOut-of-homeadvertising,alsocalledplace-basedadvertising,hasbecomeanincreasinglyeffectivewayofreachingconsumers,whoaremoreactivethaneverbefore.Manyconsumerstodaydonotsitathomeandwatchtelevision.Usingbillboards,newsstands,andbussheltersforadvertisingisaneffectivewayofreachingtheseon-the-goconsumers.Moreconsumerstravellongerdistancestoandfromwork,whichalsomakesout-of-homeadvertisingeffective.Technologyhaschangedthenatureofthebillboardbusiness,makingitamoreeffectivemediumthaninthepast.Usingthedigitalprinting,billboardcompaniescanprintabillboardin2hours,comparedwith6dayspreviously.Thisallowsadvertisersmorevarietyinthetypesofmessagestheycreatebecausetheycanchangetheirmessagesmorequickly.InternetAsconsumersbecomemorecomfortablewithonlineshopping,advertiserswillseektoreachthismarket.AsconsumersgetmoreoftheirnewsandinformationfromtheInternet,theabilityoftelevisionandradiotogetthewordouttoconsumerswilldecrease.ThechallengetoInternetadvertisersistocreateadsthataudiencemembersremember.Internetadvertisingwillplayamoreprominentroleinorganizations’advertisinginthenearfuture.Internetaudiencestendtobequitehomogeneous,butsmall.Advertiserswillhavetoadjusttheirmethodstoreachtheseaudiencesandwillhavetoadapttheirpersuasivestrategiestotheinlinemediumaswell.DirectmailAfinaladvertisingmediumisdirectmail,whichusesmailingstoconsumerstocommunicateaclient’smessage.Directmailincludesnewsletters,postcards,andspecialpromotion.Directmailisaneffectivewaytobuildrelationshipswithconsumers.Formanybusinesses,directmailisthemosteffectiveformofadvertising.1.Televisionisanattractiveadvertisingmediuminthat________.A)ithaslargeaudiencesB)itappealstohousewivesC)ithelpsbuildupacompany’sreputationD)itisaffordabletomostadvertisers2.WiththeincreaseinthenumberofTVchannels,________.A)thecostofTVadvertisinghasdecreasedB)thenumberofTVviewershasincreasedC)advertisers’interestinothermediahasdecreasedD)thenumberofTVadspeoplecanseehasincreased3.Comparewithtelevision,newspapersasanadvertisingmedium_______.A)earnalargerannualadrevenueB)conveymoredetailedmessagesC)usemoreproductiontechniquesD)getmessagesoutmoreeffectively4.Advertisingonradiocontinuestogrowbecause_______.A)morelocalradiostationshavebeensetupB)moderntechnologymakesitmoreentertainingC)itprovideseasyaccesstoconsumersD)ithasbeenrevolutionizedbyInternetradio5.Magazinesareseenbyadvertisersasanefficientwayto_______.A)reachtargetaudiencesB)appealtoeducatedpeopleC)attractdiverseaudiencesD)conveyallkindsofmessages6.Out-of-homeadvertisinghasbecomemoreeffectivebecause_______.A)billboardscanbereplacedwithintwohoursB)consumerstravelmorenowthaneverbeforeC)suchadshavebeenmademuchmoreattractiveD)thepaceofurbanlifeismuchfasternowadays7.ThechallengetoInternetadvertisersistocreateadsthatare________.A)quicktoupdateB)pleasanttolookatC)easytorememberD)convenienttoaccess8.Internetadvertiserswillhavetoadjusttheirmethodstoreachaudiencesthattendtobe_______.9.Directmailisaneffectiveformofadvertisingforbusinesstodevelop________.10.Thispassagediscusseshowadvertisersselect________foradvertisements.Part=3\*ROMANIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionA11.A)Givenhisankleagoodrest.B)Treathisinjuryimmediately.C)Continuehisregularactivities.D)Becarefulwhenclimbingsteps.12.A)Onatrain.B)Onaplane.C)Inatheater.D)Inarestaurant.13.A)Atragicaccident.B)Asadoccasion.C)Smith’sunusuallifestory.D)Smith’ssleepingproblem.14.A)Reviewthedetailofallherlessons.B)Comparenoteswithhisclassmates.C)Talkwithherabouthislearningproblems.D)Focusinthemainpointsofherlectures.15.A)Themanblamedthewomanforbeingcareless.B)Themanmisunderstoodthewoman’sapology.C)Thewomanofferedtopayfortheman’scoffee.D)Thewomanspiltcoffeeontheman’sjacket.16.A)Extremelytedious.B)Hardtounderstand.C)Lackingagoodplot.D)Notworthseeingtwice.17.A)Attendingeverylecture.B)Doinglotsofhomework.C)Readingveryextensively.D)Usingtest-takingstrategies.18.A)ThedigitalTVsystemwillofferdifferentprograms.B)Heiseagertoseewhatthenewsystemislike.C)Hethinksitunrealistictohave500channels.D)ThenewTVsystemmaynotprovideanythingbetter.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.A)Anoticebytheelectricityboard.B)Adspromotingelectricappliances.C)Thedescriptionofathiefindisguise.D)Anewpolicyonpensioners’welfare.20.A)Speakingwithaproperaccent.B)Wearinganofficialuniform.C)Makingfriendswiththem.D)ShowingthemhisID.21.A)Tobeonthealertwhenbeingfollowed.B)Nottoleaveseniorcitizensaloneathome.C)Nottoletanyoneinwithoutanappointment.D)Towatchoutforthosefromtheelectricityboard.22.A)Shewasrobbedneartheparkinglot.B)Allhermoneyinthebankdisappeared.C)Thepensionshehadjustdrawnwasstolen.D)Shewasknockeddowninthepostoffice.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.23.A)Marketingconsultancy.B)Professionalaccountancy.C)Luxuryhotelmanagement.D)Businessconferenceorganization.24.A)Havingagoodknowledgeofitscustoms.B)Knowingsomekeypeopleintourism.C)Havingbeentothecountrybefore.D)BeingabletospeakJapanese.25.A)Itwillbringherpotentialintofullplay.B)Itwillinvolvelotsoftraintravel.C)ItwillenablehertoimproveherChinese.D)ItwillgivehermorechancestovisitJapan.SectionBPassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.26.A)Thelackoftime.B)Thequalityoflife.C)Thefrustrationsatwork.D)Thepressureonworkingfamilies.27.A)Theywerejustasbusyaspeopleoftoday.B)Theysawtheimportanceofcollectiveefforts.C)Theydidn’tcomplainasmuchasmodernman.D)Theylivedahardlifebyhuntingandgathering.28.A)Tolookforcreativeideasofawardingemployees.B)Toexplorestrategiesforloweringproductioncosts.C)Toseeknewapproachestodealingwithcomplaints.D)Tofindeffectivewaystogiveemployeesflexibility.PassageTwoQuestions29to31arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.29.A)Familyviolence.B)TheGreatDepression.C)Herfather’sdisloyalty.D)Hermother’sbadtemper.30.A)Hisadvancedage.B)Hischildren’sefforts.C)Hisimprovedfinancialcondition.D)Hissecondwife’spositiveinfluence.31.A)Loveisblind.B)Lovebreedslove.C)Divorceoftenhasdisastrousconsequences.D)Happinessishardtofindinblendedfamilies.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.32.A)Itwaslocatedinapark.B)Itsownerdiedofaheartattack.C)Itwentbankruptallofasudden.D)Itspottedplantswereforleaseonly.33.A)Plantingsometreesinthegreenhouse.B)Writingawantadtoalocalnewspaper.C)PuttingupaGoingOutofBusinesssign.D)Helpingacustomerselectsomepurchases.34.A)Openinganofficeinthenewofficepark.B)Keepingbetterrelationswithhercompany.C)Developingfreshbusinessopportunities.D)Buildingabiggreenhouseofhisown.35.A)Owningthegreenhouseoneday.B)Securingajobattheofficepark.C)Cultivatingmorepottedplants.D)Findingcustomersoutoftown.SectionCWe’renowwitnessingtheemergenceofanadvancedeconomybasedoninformationandknowledge.Physical(36)____,rawmaterials,andcapitalarenolongerthekey(37)____inthecreationofwealth.Now,the(38)_____rawmaterialinoureconomyisknowledge.Tomorrow’swealthdependsonthedevelopmentandexchangeofknowledge.And(39)_______enteringtheworkforceoffertheirknowledge,nottheirmuscles.Knowledgeworkersgetpaidfortheireducationandtheirabilitytolearn.Knowledgeworkers(40)_____inmindwork.Theydealwithsymbols:(41)_____,anddata.Whatdoesallthismeanforyou?Asafutureknowledgeworker,youcanexpecttobe(42)_____,processing,aswellasexchanginginformation,(43)______________,threeoutofhourjobsinvolvesomeformofmindwork,andthatnumberwillincreasesharplyinthefuture.Managementandemployeesalike(44)__________________________.Inthenewworldofwork,youcanlookforwardtobeinginconstanttraining(45)______________________________________.Anddon’twaitforsomeoneto“empower”you.Youhavetoempoweryourself.Part=4\*ROMANIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionASomeyearsagoIwasofferedawritingassignmentthatwouldrequirethreemonthsoftravelthroughEurope.Ihadbeenabroadacoupleoftimes,butIcouldhardly_47_toknowmywayaroundthecontinent.Moreover,myknowledgeofforeignlanguageswas_48_toalittlecollegeFrench.Ihesitated.HowwouldI,unabletospeakthelanguage,_49_unfamiliarwithlocalgeographyortransportationsystems,setup_50_anddoresearch?Itseemedimpossible,andwithconsiderable_51_Isatdowntowritealetterbeggingoff.Halfwaythrough,athoughtcanthroughmymind:youcanlearnifyoudon’ttry.SoIacceptedtheassignment.Thereweresomebad_52_.ButbythetimeIhadfinishedthetripIwasanexperiencedtraveler.Andeversince,Ihaveneverhesitatedtoheadforeventhemostremoteofplaces,withoutguidersoreven_53_bookings,confidentthatsomehowIwillmanage.Thepointisthatthenew,thedifferent,isalmostbydefinition_54_.Buteachtimeyoutrysomething,youlearn,andasthelearningpilesup,theworldopenstoyou.I’velearnedtoskiat40,andflownuptheRhineRiverina_55_.AndIknowI’llgoondoingsuchthings.It’snotbecauseI’mbraverormoredaringthanothers.I’mnot.ButI’llacceptanxietyasanothernameforchallengeandIbelieveIcan_56_wonders.accomplishB)advancedC)balloonD)claimE)constantlyF)declareG)interviewsH)limitedI)manufactureJ)momentsK)newsL)reducedM)regretN)scaryO)totallySectionBPassageOneGlobalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,butregardlessofwhetheritisorisn’t–wewon’tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueoveritandmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoidit.Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelytheyaretobeobserved.AlGorecallsglobalwarmingan“inconvenienttruth,”asifmerelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon’tknowenoughtorelieveglobalwarming,and–withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs—wecan’tdomuchaboutit.Fromto2050,theworld’spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billionto9.1billion,a42%increase.Ifenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthesame,totalenergyuseandgreenhousegasemissions(mainly,CO2)willbe42%higherin2050.butthat’stoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconomicgrowthunlesswecondemntheworld’spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreezeeveryoneelse’slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowth,energyuseandgreenhouseemissionsmorethandoubleby2050.Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonalfreedom(limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel)thatmightcutbackglobalwarming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey’re“doingsomething.”ConsidertheKyotoProtocol(京都議定書).Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn’t.Butithasn’treducedCO2emissions(upabout25%since1990),andmanysignatories(簽字國)didn’tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir-targets.Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchanddevelopmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblemwhenit’sreallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedon’tsolvetheengineeringproblem,we’rehelpless.57.Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?A)Itmaynotproveanenvironmentalcrisisatall.B)Itisanissuerequiringworldwidecommitments.C)Seriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidorstopit.D)Verylittlewillbedonetobringitundercontrol.58.Accordingtotheauthor’sunderstanding,whatisAlGore’sviewonglobalwarming?A)Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.B)Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.C)Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.D)Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.59.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof_______.A)economicgrowthB)thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoorC)wastefuluseofenergyD)therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology60.Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,________.A)politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituationB)fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuseC)reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarmingD)internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems61.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?A)Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.B)TheultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnologyC)Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.D)Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.PassageTwoSomedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscantheWebsitesyou’vevisited.Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcreditcardpurchaseorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.Infact,it’slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatchyouwithoutyourpermission?Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketingcompany,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedtobeseen—the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit’simportanttorevealyourselftofriends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.Thedigitalbreadcrumbs(碎屑)youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimpleGooglesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworldwhereyousimplecannotkeepasecret.Thekeyquestionis:Doesthatmatter?WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlosingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis“slippingaway,andthatbothersme.”Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschangeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountattollbooths(收費站)toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobilemovements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.PrivacyeconomistAlessandroAcquistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrenderpersonalinformationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-cents-offcoupon(優(yōu)惠券).Butprivacydoesmatter–atleastsometimes.It’slikehealth:Whenyouhaveit,youdon’tnoticeit.Onlywhenit’sgonedoyouwishyou’ddonemoretoprotectit.62.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked”(Lines3-4,Para.2)?A)People’spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.B)Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers’secrets.C)Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.D)Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.63.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?A)Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.B)Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.C)Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.D)Thereshouldbefewerdisputesbetweenfriends.64.Whydoestheauthorsay“weliveinaworldwhereyousimplecannotkeepasecret”(Line5,Para.3)?A)Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.B)Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.C)Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers’affairs.D)Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople’sidentities.65.WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?A)Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.B)Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.C)Theyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicdevices.D)Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.66.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat________.A)peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepitB)itsimportanceisrarelyunderstoodC)itissomethingthatcaneasilybelostD)peopledon’tcherishituntiltheyloseitPart=5\*ROMANVCloze(15minutes)Universitiesareinstitutionthatteachawidevarietyofsubjectsatadvancedlevels.Theyalsocarryoutresearchworkaimed_67_extendingman’sknowledgeofthesesubjects.Theemphasisgiventoeachofthesefunctions_68_fromuniversitytouniversity,accordingtotheviewsofthepeoplein_69_andaccordingtotheresourcesavailable.Thesmallerandneweruniversitiesdonot_70_thestafforequipmenttocarryoutthe_71_researchprojectspossibleinlargerinstitutions._72_mostexpertsagreethatsomeresearchactivityis_73_tokeepthestaffandtheirstudentsin_74_withthelatestdevelopmentsintheirsubjects.Moststudentsattendauniversitymainlyto_75_theknowledgeneededfortheirchosen_76_.Educationistsbelievethatthisaimshouldnotbethe_77_one.Universitieshavealwaysaimedtoproducemenandwomen_78_judgmentandwisdomaswellasknowled