red hat linu系統(tǒng)的安裝過程

光驅(qū)安裝或U盤充作光驅(qū)安裝安裝準(zhǔn)備：購買redhat的安裝光盤或或者下載鏡像文件（后綴是.iso）硬盤中至少留2個分區(qū)給安裝系統(tǒng)用掛載點(diǎn)所用分區(qū)4G以上交換分區(qū)swap，250M左右比較合適記錄電腦中下列設(shè)備型號：鼠標(biāo)、鍵盤、顯卡、網(wǎng)卡、顯示器網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)置用到的IP地址、子網(wǎng)掩碼、默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)、DNS名稱服務(wù)器地址信息等安裝過程：（1） 啟動服務(wù)器，按F2,進(jìn)入bios設(shè)置：選擇boot選項(xiàng)，boot:Bootoption#1:如果是光驅(qū)安裝，則設(shè)置光驅(qū)啟動；如果是U盤安裝，則設(shè)置USB啟動（類似USB2.0USBFlashDrive0.00）—＞選擇save選項(xiàng)，保存并退出；或者，如果光驅(qū)支持自啟動，將直接出現(xiàn)下面的（2） Boot：linuxtextconsole=ttyS0,115200n1,回車（3）CDFuuitdE<FIZ>nextSL：r-iE?!HkTn 1nCDFuuitdE<FIZ>nextSL：r-iE?!HkTn 1n1?尺拜1.Hriqr 〔：I*MrdIn恰匕卩門匕,ILaIlution UK.erprisi*r.1milh："槨ru母lEhcn■崟上 Skipt<iski±hetmndintrst.提示：是否測試安裝CD的內(nèi)容的完整性，選“Ok”開始測試安裝CD,選“Skip”不測試安裝CD（第一次安裝當(dāng)然要測試安裝CD,選“Ok”后回車）安裝過程中，可以對安裝介質(zhì)做檢測，因檢測時間慢，為提高效率，建議選擇Skip”來跳過（4）進(jìn)入歡迎的界面：

L：unwluKedH(kt-^iFlerpriifsLihum r<Tab>z1t-Tab>butuecnelencnts<；Spflce>selects<F1Z>nextscreenU氏IrcciactoRedHatEnterpriseLi1111xServer-?jBedHatEiiterpriEeLinuxServerOk”5）進(jìn)入選擇安裝語言的界面：fixRiickL：unwluKedH(kt-^iFlerpriifsLihum r<Tab>z1t-Tab>butuecnelencnts<；Spflce>selects<F1Z>nextscreenU氏IrcciactoRedHatEnterpriseLi1111xServer-?jBedHatEiiterpriEeLinuxServerOk”5）進(jìn)入選擇安裝語言的界面：fixRiick<Tftb>7<AIt-Tnb>b&tweencI<Space>eclects<F1Z>nextscreen]La?gnaijeSe?IcCIidmfWhatlarguLogfc-Nasi]dy口u1iketouseduringthe 13ationTpr-occss?C?l?tInmCh：incse:(SiMjp1ificd)ChincEE(Traditiona3)CrQfltianCzentibuluhEi：<FfTOh!to ndThinteppriNie：limu>；aevhp選擇安裝向?qū)谜Z（不是安裝系統(tǒng)所用語），一般是English6）安裝方式：通過什么安裝的或用來安裝的那個linux在什么地方？LocalCDROM本地光盤——如果是光盤的話，應(yīng)該選第一個，光驅(qū)安裝Harddrive本地硬盤NFSImage網(wǎng)上鄰居映像文件FTPFTP服務(wù)器Httphttp服務(wù)器

Ok”7）進(jìn)入安裝序列號界面選擇（*）SkipenteringinstallationNumber,“Ok”（8）進(jìn)入授權(quán)認(rèn)證界面：“Skip”（9）進(jìn)入分區(qū)類型界面：注釋：安裝程序需要對您的硬盤進(jìn)行分區(qū).大多數(shù)用戶使用默認(rèn)的分區(qū)布局對就可以了你可以選擇使用默認(rèn)分區(qū)布局或創(chuàng)建您自己的分區(qū)布局；刪除所選驅(qū)動器上的所有分區(qū)并創(chuàng)建默認(rèn)分區(qū)布局；在所選驅(qū)動器上的空閑磁盤空間上創(chuàng)建默認(rèn)分區(qū)布局；創(chuàng)建自定義的分區(qū)布局。

選擇“Createcustomlayout”，進(jìn)行分區(qū)的詳細(xì)設(shè)置。（10）如果你的硬盤沒有進(jìn)行格式化，出現(xiàn)以下界面hr1Riztinn<F2>Adadriuft<F12>n^xtRf'TjriKFUiiuxSeruH：r■)Pflrlitiuming!fypehr1Riztinn<F2>Adadriuft<F12>n^xtRf'TjriKFUiiuxSeruH：r■)Pflrlitiuming!fypeFij^lrirrtifitgftE?dHritRnrcatecustioMIaijout』Z8^?3HB(UHtjiarcjUtluMfeTtiUiritisISJBemijwaIIpdrIitiori^cinSr1tit;teddrivesamdcrtriItdefahLiLcryuul?BemDVE1imuxjjafIilioikEonSEiecleddrivesandcreatedeTauIt1.4you!?Ub七『ruu!spfl.c;亡0n名Dleutuddlriy匕s：nndghd?七匕皿匕｛*出l"tldjjEHLt』 Uhichdrlu*2(s1dgifniLuanttniisfifcirthisInst^Il^tInn?[*JInstallationrcqiiirespartitioningofyourhard孔Tiw.ThedefaiiItlayoutis^sosQnablcCotinostusers.Youcaneitherchooseta\is^thIsorcreateijcuroun-Ok”11）進(jìn)入手動分區(qū)界面：“New”：新建分區(qū)“Edit”：編輯已經(jīng)分好的分區(qū)“Del”：刪除分區(qū)“RAID”：軟RAID

/boot,/分區(qū)設(shè)成主分區(qū)，選定Forcetobeprimarypartition?KgjimH9Q^g^22S3SE13HKQSS33LJd卩Fl-HelpFZ-Hcwrii-KesEtFlii-UKra-EdiLF-I-DcLcLePartIt.loirMimintPi：ihit：<Nut倉pPI和:nbI亡AfilIciuab1eBriLJd卩Fl-HelpFZ-Hcwrii-KesEtFlii-UKra-EdiLF-I-DcLcLePartIt.loirMimintPi：ihit：<Nut倉pPI和:nbI亡AfilIciuab1eBrivce:FreeFarcetaaprimarypartitIon/deM/EKlsdalsdaZ|(*)Fixe/IiwdxiHinr 出匕of(MB)?ft11 1<ibLespeice'FileSijst&mitype:softwareRAIDFileSysteiatejpn;freeFixedSize!：FillMAXiKLlIttsizeDf(FIB)J)Fillallaum1labFileSysteiatejpn;freeFixedSize!：FillMAXiKLlIttsizeDf(FIB)J)Fillallaum1lab1espace:F3EditF4Belcteepvt：r/dew/sdsda1s：da2ifd<i3Size(HBJHauntFuint:5AI1awablcDriues:f/log分區(qū)用來存放日志文件和相關(guān)的臨時備份文件&IcgmctoRedllatEnierpriseLinuxServerFi!eSystemty.pc:BK12FixedSize!kirfluiTi科9&IcgmctoRedllatEnierpriseLinuxServerFi!eSystemty.pc:BK12FixedSize!kirfluiTi科9北眠rif4HU)!&些11山i]直b]￡密：ForcEtoBerprimaaryp別jp11UCiKi|/dcwzsdsdal占述理2f\1lownblePriues-1*1BCTWiF4—片已1門-血1吐一!1肚站/www分區(qū)作為最后一個分區(qū)，它作為web根目錄，所以把剩下的硬盤空間完全分給/www分區(qū)，選定“Fillallavailablespace”，并選“Ok”進(jìn)行硬盤分區(qū)寫入所有分區(qū)設(shè)置完成之后點(diǎn)擊“Ok”，將進(jìn)入引導(dǎo)裝載程序配置界面，如下圖：nr|BuntIpAderCrsnrIgfiir-citInr|BuntIpAderCrsnrIgfiir-citIontWliicJhbootloaderucmldyouIIkstouse?rruxtwierDienUseGRIJRBontLnndcr、NoBootLoader!（11）引導(dǎo)裝載程序配置：選擇“使用GRUB引導(dǎo)裝載程序”，然后按“Ok”隨后將出現(xiàn)引導(dǎo)裝載程序配置界面，女口下圖：護(hù)再flatThtKirprTRirLImixSiprufirL」atiliUbfasswurd<7<ib>z11Tab>betweenelementsS*<i匸亡》weI上百<F1Z>fliextsereinDootLoaderCcniE1iyurationfBnotLandauPassword:Confirm；ftboolLoaderpa^^wurdpcevemisusersfrcimdrbitrftryoptionsIdL」atiliUbfasswurd<7<ib>z11Tab>betweenelementsS*<i匸亡》weI上百<F1Z>fliextsereinDootLoaderCcniE1iyurationfBnotLandauPassword:Confirm；ftboolLoaderpa^^wurdpcevemisusersfrcimdrbitrftryoptionsId~thukerneI.KorhighestsecuritijJuerecorwm&ndsettingapassword?'huithisis：nntTtieceasaryfottnorccasua]ussrs.（12）編輯引導(dǎo)項(xiàng)的界面：按“Ok”出現(xiàn)選擇何處安裝引導(dǎo)裝載程序的界面，如下圖:（13）選擇何處安裝引導(dǎo)裝載程序：

IWijifiLLil白朮倉rflintLtJEin[Uh&rcdagonMcinttainsta11thebootiDad&r?IWijifiLLil白朮倉rflintLtJEin[Uh&rcdagonMcinttainsta11thebootiDad&r?/dev^SfdflldftuzsflaHrJit巳lR^0tBftcorrflfHEIR1<Tab>/<A11-Tnb>betweenclementE<riZ>nextscreentiriIsetlurufbuuIpartiIio^i選擇主引導(dǎo)記錄（MBR）后，按“Ok”出現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置的界面:（14）網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置：□n^eltorteto FlfttEiTicr-priSieLinuxBack<T4ib>/<AI btlwtJKiietcmcpi<8pflc：t>ruJJtscL*{ll'v^Configuretionforethtt|IFAddressPrefix(NetMask)iftrivanr：RdMIrrnDeulce?：[AHD1?9c□n^eltorteto FlfttEiTicr-priSieLinuxBack<T4ib>/<AI btlwtJKiietcmcpi<8pflc：t>ruJJtscL*{ll'v^Configuretionforethtt|IFAddressPrefix(NetMask)iftrivanr：RdMIrrnDeulce?：[AHD1?9c,￡37fifPCnfitSSLflUCE3C)DijnatticIPcoinriqurationCOHCPJj(*)Manna1祁右e瑋conf1gur?it1□!!■<F12>ir^kISui'tiKn如果在安裝系統(tǒng)時，已分配了IP地址，則可以在這個界面中輸入IP地址和子網(wǎng)掩碼，否則可以先保持默認(rèn)，按“Ok”出現(xiàn)主機(jī)名配置的界面：（15）主機(jī)名配置：

FlHncism?-tofttttTit!-tuteiTirLinuxiervetBack-|IFvtConTiyurationTorcthttfFlHncism?-tofttttTit!-tuteiTirLinuxiervetBack-|IFvtConTiyurationTorcthttfIFAddressAdviincRdMicroDeulce^「4HD1?9n^7BrPCnet32T?許忡CEl00：0C2Z9：93：ftb；99<F12>"已萬lr-screenCHDynaMicIProinFigurotinnCBHCP>|(*)bfenurt1addressconfIgureitlaiiHrrefix(Nctuask)Ta：h》F€FIIb-T^b》 ti：丨匕munil等 I■<$□<!「◎〉 至■gJiecl■生如內(nèi)核能識別出網(wǎng)卡，則可以看到網(wǎng)卡配置畫面如下圖，選擇ethO作為內(nèi)網(wǎng)，并配置IP,ethl為外網(wǎng)，配置外網(wǎng)IP和網(wǎng)關(guān)，域名服務(wù)器等（16）網(wǎng)卡配置：選中Activateonboo（t啟動時激活網(wǎng)卡），EnableIPv4support，EnableIPv6suppor（t開啟IPv4、IPv6支持），點(diǎn)“Ok”后，出現(xiàn)時區(qū)設(shè)置畫面（17）時區(qū)設(shè)置選擇“Asia/Shanghai”，點(diǎn)擊“Ok”B営]inAsia/3?markand(isia/SeouI.nmKTihiDZoneSc1cctiduWhdiltiffinzoiw<ir七yciQ]nestedin?JmJS;js：1:ufflicl口nJc UTq<Tflb>/<ftItTab>betweenc1events<Si]iicc>selectsCF1Z>nextscreenflsEdzSiilffttpore18）輸入root口令erpriseLimXStrU&rB<aatFassuord<1>i11-Tab>betueen>eIemenis<3ijdce> ts<f1K>"匕xkscreenPassurirri;Fidi-swyfclCunhfirm)；P!r：k硏 pasKuinpel,Von?n買ttype11li^iCKto yuiikHUMU-h<iLiLanddidn'tmdkEamistakeintypingtiicrootpassuordisol[:ritic?1part□￡Sy-stern：security!輸入兩遍后，點(diǎn)擊“Ok”（19）防火墻設(shè)置systcffli-colafig-Eccucritylevc1常ZH9JAcdllatgIn匚.<Tttb>/<ftllt-Tab>betwectieleiseiits<5piSGe>stItrcts<riZ>tiestscreentiEnabled,"IH材hWEDisablrdGustomizcCfliTICClLeus-1;SELiwK-EnforcingfPEFBissiueAfirewaI1prolEctsagAinstiiriduiLJiurizednetworkintrufionshEnablingaFircua1.1bIddKsal1incDMing'connections4DisaB11ngstfirewa11allouis□.11Eonncctionsandisnotrc￡2￡imin￡iid￡：J!.當(dāng)前不做任何安全設(shè)定，選中“Disabled”，SELinux:選取“Disabled”，并點(diǎn)取“Ok”,進(jìn)行軟件包定制安裝（20）軟件包的定制安裝:1*1CnsLemiresbFlM<ireselectionBsc'k<TAb>/<fl1l-Tab>betwteii七lemKutK<F12>nextscreen|PiickeijiEselectlionWebs&rvEr1*1CnsLemiresbFlM<ireselectionBsc'k<TAb>/<fl1l-Tab>betwteii七lemKutK<F12>nextscreen|PiickeijiEselectlionWebs&rvErorsortwnrE?ipp1ic?bieMbilladditianaI.tasksTintdfeTdiJli11i0$LdJl1<?LiunufKrdlHdIEntrrpriLitfiuxServerincludcsasictforgenera1internetusageauouIdLjau1fleeyoursystG-utoinciLLdcsupport『or?I*)WiUF1?昇/:tebe甘eI斛t選中“SoftwareDevelopment”，同時選中“Customizesoftwareselection”，進(jìn)行軟件包的定制安裝軟件包選取:在軟件包選取中，只選取“DevelopmentLibraries”“DevelopmentTools”“SystemTools”ridmirtistfeitIdbTuoIsBuckcSpflcc->L<+?j<->selectinn<F2>GroujiDctaiIs<T1Z>nextscreenFackageGreupSelection[F 金哉ridmirtistfeitIdbTuoIsBuckcSpflcc->L<+?j<->selectinn<F2>GroujiDctaiIs<T1Z>nextscreenFackageGreupSelection[F 金哉Ieiztthepad円甘e^rniii)isi|auunh】川to sHztiAIle^l,JeluumetSfhsdTTdil.tiilerpf11KetTnuK^ervE『AuttiDr-inBfavidFublisJkirgBNSHahtcScruerOeuc1optncifitLibrar1esDeue1oipwic-initTan]sEdIta^Sr<i!Cikci.ge￡runpScluctiunPJcasiescIrctthepackagEgroupsyouljquIdliketnhaueinstaEIod.LJServtrrCtinfi|juraliunTuo1sLJSoundandVideo[?]SystemTooIs[1Tesd:based：Internet「1iJftbSec-uer①在“DevelopmentLibraries”中按F2鍵，在彈出的提示菜單中選中“l(fā)ibstdc++44-devel”GrtiupDcta11s|1*]f*1IconictbRedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerC^neBIPloosI%(?1GrtiupDcta11s|1*]f*1IconictbRedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerC^neBIPloosI%(?1(*]I*]IibscIinux-dE-vel1 djeveI1ibwrbis-deve1IibximlZdcyc1luukdev-dtsvelnewt-dewc1再選中“fuse-devel”|rackageGroup IsJbprufir-:usedew)F*|rackageGroup IsJbprufir-:usedew)LJFipI[k]也lai期jm[*]gdb<fi-deu^eI[?1gmp-dcMC1fwlypndcue1L*Jliesiod-deuc1E*]krbS-de^c1

②在“SystemTools”中按F2進(jìn)系統(tǒng)常用工具的選擇，請選擇以下安裝包：Net-snmp-libs、Net-snmp-utils、nmap、ntp、Screen、sysstat、zssh、dmidecode：fuckage1GFciiip"?tdi1^卜Jopenldnp-cJients1pinemtryJrdc^fct-uu?]HEt-EllffllJ-1ib玉m]net-snmputiIs*]Jfuckage1GFciiip"?tdi1^卜Jopenldnp-cJients1pinemtryJrdc^fct-uu?]HEt-EllffllJ-1ib玉m]net-snmputiIs*]Jnmnp-fr仃ntunudPlease&cliketohseIcction-InuMServer[rEELr[xuirrtHJirJx^K7HEJxdeIXaLJzisof-stooi2rJvlockL151匚L』LMtehdUy點(diǎn)“Ok”即可進(jìn)行安裝，再安裝完成的第一次重啟后，系統(tǒng)要求對防火墻和一些相關(guān)的服務(wù)進(jìn)行配置，如下圖：（22）防火墻和一些相關(guān)的服務(wù)進(jìn)行配置：對于“SystemServices”可以參考下面系統(tǒng)設(shè)置中的所需服務(wù)進(jìn)行增減，或選“exit”進(jìn)入登錄界面，如下圖：（23）登錄：RedHatEmtcrpriseLinuxServer-release5-4CTakanga)SefiielZr6.18-164.e!5onan1686lacfi1hnst1nifiitr—

以下是紅帽5.3操作系統(tǒng)，64位[root@balance~]#lsb_release-aLSBVersion::core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarchDistributorID:RedHatEnterpriseServerDescription:RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease5.3(Tikanga)Release:Codename:5.3Tikanga安裝問題：Version1.20.1093Copyright(C)2005-2007AmericanMegatrends,IncPress<F2>toentersetup,<F12>NetworkBootBiosVersion:S5400.86B.06.00.0026.040820080929PlatformID:S5400SF4GBsystemmemoryfoundCurrentMemorySpeed:667MT/s(333MHz)Intel(R)Xeon(R)CPU X5355@2.66GHz工ntel(R)Xeon(R)CPU X5355@2.66GHzBootingfromBIOSPartition0USBkeyboarddetectedUSBmousedetectedMemoryforcrashkernel(0x0to0x0)notwithinpermissiblerangeyRedHatnashversionstartingReadingallphysicalvolumes.Thismaytakeawhile...Foundvolumegroup"VolGroupOO**usingmetadatatypelvm22logicalvolume(s)involumegroup"VolGroupOO**nowactiveWelcometoRedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerPress1I'toenterinteractivestartup.Settingclock(utc):TueOct2116:45:51ARST2008[OK]Startingudev:[OK]Loadingdefaultkeymap(us):[OK]Settinghostname: [OK]SettingupLogicalVolumeManagement: 2logicalvolume(s)involumegroup"VolGroupOO"nowactive[OK]CheckingfilesystemsCheckingallfilesystems.[/sbin/fsck.ext3(1)—/]fsck.ext3-a/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00:clean,148762/60522496files,4355939/60514304blocks[/sbin/fsck.ext3(1)—/boot]fsck.ext3-a/dev/sdal/boot:recoveringjournal/boot:clean,39/26104files,21917/104388blocks[OK]Remountingrootfilesysteminread-writemode: [OK]Mountinglocalfilesystems: [OK]Enablinglocalfilesystemquotas: [OK]Enabling/etc/fstabswaps: [OK]EnteringApplyingStartingsystemINIT:EnteringEnteringApplyingStartingsystemIntelCPUmicrocodeupdate: [OK]/dev/hdb:openfailed:Read-onlyfileOK]/dev/hdb:openfailed:Read-onlyfile2logicalvolume(s)involume[OK]Startingbackgroundreadahead:Checkingforhardwarechanges[LoadingOpenIBkernelmodules:[ [cuthere] groupr'VolGroup00MmonitoredOKOKOK-[pleasebitehere]-acpi_cpufreqib_iserlibiscsiscsi_transport_iscsiib_srp_ -八_亠rdina_ucniib_ucmib_uverbsib_um.adiwcmib_addrib_sadm_mul'tipathscsi_dhvideobacklightsbsasus_acpiacpi_memhotplugacparport_pulpparportjacpi_cpufreqib_iserlibiscsiscsi_transport_iscsiib_srp_ -八_亠rdina_ucniib_ucmib_uverbsib_um.adiwcmib_addrib_sadm_mul'tipathscsi_dhvideobacklightsbsasus_acpiacpi_memhotplugacparport_pulpparportjoydevc_i801ib_madi2c_coreib_coresgModuleslinkedin:ib_sdpib_ipoibipv6xfrm_nalgocrypto_apirdma_cmib_cmi2c_ecbuttonbatterysr_modide_cdib_mthcacdromshpchpi2serio_rawelOOOepcspkrdm_snapshotdm_zerodm_inirrordm_logdm_modusb_storageata_piixlibatasd_modscsi_modext3jbduhci_hcdohci_hcdehci_hcdPid:12673,comm:modprobeNottainted2.6.18-116.el5.gtest.57#1RAX:OOOOOOOOffffffffRBX:ffff81017e220400RCXRDX:OOOOOOOOffffffeaRSI:0000000000000000RDIRBP:ffff81017e220400ROS:0000000000000001R09R10:ffff81017e220400Rll:0000000000000058R12R13:0000000000000000R14:ffffffff80450688R150000:ffff810174c85ca8EFLAGS:00010246RIP:0010:[<ffffffff80215al4>][<ffffffff80215al4>]0000:ffff810174c85ca8EFLAGS:00010246RSP:FS:00002aaaaaac7240(0000)GS:ffffffff803b8000(0000)knlGS:0000000000000000CS:0010DS:0000ES:0000CR0:000000008005003bCR2:0