綜合教程unit 1 語言點(diǎn)

Unit1ManintherealmofnatureLanguagepointsrealm:n.acountryruledoverbyakingorqueen;ageneralareaofknowledge,activity,orthoughtDetailedReading_t1_realmThekinghadtocallrepresentativesofdifferentclassesoftherealm

intoconsultationuponthenationaleconomiccrisis.Themoviehasbroughtchildrentoarealmofimagination.影片將孩子們帶入了幻想的王國。publicrealm公眾領(lǐng)域withintherealmsofpossibility有可能的Collocations:Healwaysprojectsanimageofsuccessinpublicrealm.他總是以成功人士的形象出現(xiàn)在公眾面前。Itwasactuallywithintherealmsofpossibility.這是完全有可能的。interact:vi.ifpeopleorthingsinteractwitheachother,theyaffecteachotherDetailedReading_t1_interactLucyinteractswellwithotherchildrenintheclass.所有事物都是互相聯(lián)系又互相作用的。Allthingsareinterrelatedandinteractwitheachother.transform:vt.DetailedReading_t1_transform1tocompletelychangetheappearance,form,orcharacterofsomethingorsomeone,especiallyinawaythatimprovesitIncreasedpopulationhastransformedthelandscape.這部戲幾乎在一夜之間把她從一個不為人知的校園女生變成了演藝巨星。Theplaytransformedheralmostovernightfromanunknownschoolgirlintoamegastar.DetailedReading_t1_transform2這些動詞均有“變化，改變”之意。指任何變化，完全改變，強(qiáng)調(diào)與原先的情況有明顯的不同。指進(jìn)行全部或局部改變以適應(yīng)新的功能或用途。指信仰或態(tài)度時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)較激烈、大的改變。指人或物在形狀、外觀、形式、性質(zhì)等方面發(fā)生的徹底變化，失去原狀成為全新的東西。1.Inordertotheirenvironment,hedrewuptheproject.2.Carbondioxidecanbeintooxygenthroughtheagencyofplant.3.Whydotheleavesontreescolourinautumn?4.Healwaysattemptstootherstoaparticulardoctrineorbelief.Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.change_________transform____________converted____________convert________CF:change,convert&transformchangetransformconvertconvert:v.DetailedReading_t1_converttochangesomethingintoadifferentformofthing,ortochangesomethingsothatitcanbeusedforadifferentpurposeorinadifferentwayTheyconvertedthesparebedroomintoanoffice.他成功地讓我接受了他的觀點(diǎn)。Hesucceededinconvertingmetohispointofview.Intheprocess,thelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy.subdue:vt.DetailedReading_t1_subduegaincontrolof,esp.bydefeatingForacenturywelabouredtosettleandtosubduethecontinent.警方設(shè)法制服了憤怒的人群。Policemanagedtosubduetheangrycrowd.該詞的過去分詞subdued可作形容詞，意為“柔和的，減弱的，無精打采的”。例如：NB:Inthebar,thereissubduedlightandsoftmusic.Richardseemsverysubduedtonight.discipline:DetailedReading_t1_discipline11.vt.trainordevelop,esp.inobedienceandself-controlDiscipliningchildrentakespatienceandconsistency.不同文化中對于孩子的訓(xùn)導(dǎo)方式是不一樣的。Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofdiscipliningtheirchildren.2.n.1)awayoftrainingsomeonesothattheylearntocontroltheirbehaviourandobeyrulesThebookgivesparentsadviceondiscipline.DetailedReading_t1_discipline22)anareaofknowledgeorteachingTheinformationthathasevolvedinonedisciplinemaypermitexcitingadvancementinanother.她對營銷這門學(xué)科的實(shí)踐知識和強(qiáng)烈的求知欲給我留下了深刻的印象。Iwasgreatlyimpressedbyherpracticalknowledgeofthedisciplineofmarketingandherstrongdesiretolearnmore.disciplineproblem 紀(jì)律問題disciplineoneself 自律instilldisciplineintosb.灌輸紀(jì)律觀念Collocationscompel:vt.DetailedReading_t1_compel1make(apersonorthing)dosth.,byforce,moralpersuasion,orordersthatmustbeobeyedOurmindsaresoconstructedthattheycompelustoviewtheexternalworldinonlyoneway.法律要求雇主必須提供健康保險(xiǎn)。Thelawcompelsemployerstoprovidehealthinsurance.這些動詞均含“迫使”之意。指在法律、權(quán)力、力量或行動等的驅(qū)使下被迫而為。例如:Aparentmaycompelhischildtodohislessonsbythreateningtosuspendhisallowance.家長可能會采用威脅暫停津貼的辦法迫使其子女學(xué)習(xí)。CF:compel,force&oblige

compelDetailedReading_t1_compel2指用個人意志、權(quán)力、權(quán)威或暴力等，迫使他人改變看法或做本不愿做的事。例如:

指由于生理或道德上的需要，促使某人做某事，也指有權(quán)威的人或機(jī)構(gòu)迫使某人做某事，還可指在特定情況下被迫作出的反應(yīng)。例如:Governmenttroopshaveforcedtherebelstosurrender.政府軍已經(jīng)迫使叛亂者投降。Circumstanceshadobligedhimtosellthebusiness.形勢逼迫他賣掉公司。forceobligetransfer:DetailedReading_t1_transfer1.v.movefromoneplace,job,position,etc.,toanotherMichaeltransferredfromCompany6totheSecurityService.Mostofthebillsarepaidbyelectronictransfer.2.n.權(quán)力的移交迅速而又和平地得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。Thetransferofpowerwaseffectedswiftlyandpeacefully.infearof:inastateoffearaboutDetailedReading_t2_infearofOrdinarypeoplelivedinfearofbeingarrestedbythesecretpolice.他們生活在不斷的饑餓恐懼中。Theyliveincontinualfearofstarvation.attain:vt.tosucceedinachievingsomethingaftertryingforalongtimeDetailedReading_t2_attainMorewomenareattainingpositionsofpowerinpubliclife.他們最后一定能獲得解放。They’resuretoattainemancipationintheend.hostile:a.

DetailedReading_t2_hostileshowingextremedislikeordisapproval;unfriendlySenatorLydonwashostiletoourproposals.工程進(jìn)展得很慢，因?yàn)椴簧賹W(xué)者對普通人持?jǐn)硨B(tài)度。Theprojectproceededslowlybecausemanyscholarswerehostiletothecommonpeople.retreat:vi.DetailedReading_t2_retreat1movebackorleaveacenteroffightingorotheractivity,esp.whenforcedtodosoPerrylitthefuseandretreatedtoasafedistance.從公眾生活中隱退是不明智的。Itwasnotasensiblechoicetoretreatfrompubliclife.這些動詞均含“退下，退卻”之意。指從公開或公共場合退下到私下場所，也指被免除職務(wù)或自動辭職、退役等。例如:Iretiredfromteachingthreeyearsago.三年前我就不再教書了。CF:retire,retreat&withdrawretireDetailedReading_t2_retreat2含消極意味，多指被迫采取退下或退卻的行動。強(qiáng)調(diào)因某種原因而有意離開，常含禮貌、謙恭等理由。也指軍隊(duì)的撤退。Theenemywasforcedtoretreat.敵軍被迫撤退了。Asthetroopswithdraw,theentirecitycelebratedtheliberation.部隊(duì)撤退時(shí),整個城市歡慶解放。retreatwithdrawconcerned:a.DetailedReading_t3_concernedaffectedbysomethingorworriedaboutit;believingsomethingisimportantAllthepeoplepresentareconcernedwithchildren’seducation.很多政客更關(guān)注的是權(quán)力和控制而不是人民的利益。Manypoliticiansaremoreconcernedwithpowerandcontrolthanwiththegoodofthepeople.concernedwith 關(guān)注，關(guān)心；與……相關(guān)concernedabout/for 擔(dān)心，關(guān)愛concernedtodosth. 專注于做某事asfaras…isconcerned就……而言Collocations:ominous:a.DetailedReading_t3_ominousmakingyoufeelthatsomethingbadisgoingtohappenThecarismakinganominousrattlingsound.不祥的黑云預(yù)示著雷暴的到來。Theominousblackcloudspredictedthecomingthunderstorm.acute:a.DetailedReading_t3_acutesevere;verygreatThehousingshortageismoreacutethanfirstthought.一顆蛀牙可以引起強(qiáng)烈的疼痛。Abadtoothcancauseacutepain.acutedisease

急性病acuteanxiety

急劇焦慮acuteshortage

嚴(yán)重短缺acutesense

敏銳的感覺acutemind 機(jī)智的頭腦Collocations:substance:n.amaterial;typeofmatterDetailedReading_t3_substanceTheleaveswerecoveredwithastrangestickysubstance.大氣中的有害物質(zhì)威脅著人們的健康。Harmfulsubstancesintheatmospherearethreateningpeople’plex:DetailedReading_t3_complex11.a.consistingofmanydifferentpartsandoftendifficulttounderstandAcomplexhighwaysystemistobeestablishedinordertoenhancethenationaltransportation.隨著我們的工業(yè)和社會環(huán)境變得更加錯綜復(fù)雜,供電可靠性方面的要求也與日俱增。Thedemandsforreliabilityofpowersupplyincreasedailyasourindustrialandsocialenvironmentbecomesmorecomplex.Theyliveinathree-storyapartmentcomplex.2.n.agroupofbuildings,oralargebuildingwithmanyparts,usedforaparticularpurposeDetailedReading_t3_complex2這些形容詞均含“復(fù)雜的”意思。強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)在關(guān)系的復(fù)雜，需通過仔細(xì)研究與了解才能掌握和運(yùn)用。與complex的含義接近，但語氣更強(qiáng)，著重極其復(fù)雜，很難分析、分辨或解釋。強(qiáng)調(diào)事物達(dá)到高級的程度所體現(xiàn)出的復(fù)雜性。著重指錯綜復(fù)雜，令人迷惑不解。1.Peterseemedtohaveagoodunderstandingofthemostissues.2.Joanshowsmethehighlycomputersoftware.3.Mentalillnessisaverysubject.4.Theplotofthenovelisandfascinating.5.Thehigherthelevelofcompetition,themorethetimingsystems.Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Cplicated___________complex/complicated__________________sophisticated___________intricate_______CF:complex,complicated,sophisticated&intricatesophisticated___________complexcomplicatedsophisticatedintricatedistinguish:v.

DetailedReading_t4_distinguishmakessomeoneorsomethingdifferentorspecialThefactorthatdistinguishesthiscompanyfromthecompetitioniscustomerservice.他們找到了一種方法將癌細(xì)胞從正常組織中區(qū)分開來。Theyhavefoundamethodofdistinguishingcancercellsfromnormaltissue.Hisattorneyarguedthathecouldnotdistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.synthetic:a.DetailedReading_t4_syntheticproducedbysynthesizing;notnaturallyproduced;artificialAmongthesyntheticfibresusedinfurnishingfabricsarenylon,polyesterandacrylic.我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會了從自然界提取原材料創(chuàng)造新的合成材料。Wehavelearnedtoextractrawmaterialsfromnaturetocreatenewsyntheticmaterials.glitter:vi.DetailedReading_t4_glittershinebrightlywithflashingpointsoflightTheriverglitteredinthesunlight.晨露在陽光下閃爍。Themorningdewsglitterinthesun.這些動詞都有“閃光，閃爍，閃亮”之意指突然發(fā)出隨即消失的閃光，如閃電的光。例如：指透過間隔物或映襯于較暗背景上的微弱光線。例如：

指連續(xù)發(fā)出的閃爍不定的光。例如：Lightningflashedoverhead.閃電在頭頂閃光。Daywasbythistimeapproaching,thewestwasdim,theeastbeginningtogleam.這時(shí)，白晝逐漸到來，西面一片朦朧，東邊開始熠熠發(fā)光。CF:flash,gleam&glitterflashglitterHisblueeyesglitteredwithanger.他的藍(lán)眼睛閃爍著憤怒的光芒。gleamcycle:DetailedReading_t4_cycle1.n.anumberofrelatedeventshappeninginaregularlyrepeatedorderSometimestheonlywaytobreakthecycleofviolenceinthehomeisforthewifetoleave.水通過機(jī)器循環(huán)再利用。Tbybicycle;gothroughaseriesofrelatedeventsagainandagainHecyclestoworkeveryday.breakthecycle 打破循環(huán)cyclingtour 騎車環(huán)游cyclelane/path/route 自行車道lifecycle

生命周期Collocations:asyet:DetailedReading_t5_asyetuntilnowThemeetingwillbeheldonanasyetundecideddate.We’vehadnowordfromColinasyet.我們到現(xiàn)在還沒有科林的消息。theme:n.DetailedReading_t5_theme1themainsubjectorideainapieceofwriting,speech,film,etcThebook'sthemeistheconflictbetweenloveandduty.林奇的大部分畫作是關(guān)于同一主題的不同變體。MostofLynch’spictureswerevariationsonthesametheme.