講義教程講稿

1-Whatisyourfavoritetimeoftheyear?Explainwhy.Pleaseincludereasonsandexamplesinyourexplanation.allyspeaking,winterismyfavoritetimeoftheyearbecauseit‘safestiveseasonandeverythingfeelssocozyandwarmindoorsduringwinter.Forinstance,inwinteritalwaysgetscoldanddarkreallyearlyintheevening,soIalwaystrytogethomefromschoolbeforethenightfalls.OnceIgethome,thedinneronthetablepreparedbymymomalwaysmakesmefeelsohappyandsweet，asifIamlivinginthesafestshelterawayfromallthedarknessintheworld.Inaddition,therearesomanyholidaysinwinterthatmyfamilyandIcanfinallyhavetheopportunitytospendmoretimewitheachother.Therefore,winterisdefini ymyfavoritetimeoftheyear.1-Describeanactivityorskillthatyoualreadyknowhowtodobutwouldliketoimprove.Explainhowyou’dliketoimproveit.PleaseincludereasonsandexamplesinyourIwouldliketoimprovemyEnglishskillsbecauseglobalizationhasmadeEnglishthelanguageoftheworldandit’stheonlywayformeto ecompetitiveataninternationallevel.IalreadyhavesufficientvocabularyinEnglishbutnowIwouldliketobemorefluentwhenitcomestoexpressingmyideastootherpeopleinEnglish.IhopetoachievethisthroughpracticingspokenEnglishwithmyAmericanprofessorsatschoolandparticipatinginallkindsofsummerprogramsabroadwhereIcanhavetheopportunitynotonlytoconversewithotherinternationalstudentsbutalsotomakepresentationsinfrontofthem.IbelievetheseexerciseswillforcemetomakesentencesinEnglishandspeakmoreclearlyinEnglish.1-Describeoneofthedifficultiesinwhichyoureceivedhelpfromyourfamily,friendsorclassmatesandpleasegivespecificdetailstodescribehowtheirsuggestionhelpedyou.WhenIwasincollege,IwasveryconfusedaboutwhatIshoulddoaftergraduation,soIwenttomyfatherforhisadvice.Hetoldmetoalwaysfollowmyheartinsteadofwhatotherpeopleorthe lsmetodobecauseeveryoneisdifferentandwehavetobeincontrolofourownfate.IfollowedhisadviceandrealizedthatIwantedtobeamagicianbecauseIhadalwaysenjoyedentertainingothersanditwassomethingthatIhadbeenreallygoodat.Thishasbeenthemostimportantadviceinmylifesofar;thankstothisadvice,I’vebeenamagicianforsixyearsnowandenjoyedeverysinglemomentofbeingone.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement:havingarelaxingorunhurriedlifeisthemostimportantfora andwhy?PleaseincludereasonsandexamplesinyourInmyopinion,havingarelaxinglifeisthemostimportantforanyonebecauseifwe'realwaysfeelingnervousandanxious,we'renotabletoenjoyeverymomentinlifeanddothingswell.Forexample,whenIwasinhighschool,Iwasalwaysinahurryinordertocatchupwiththedeadlinesofdifferentassignments.Asaresult，Ididn'tknowhowtoenjoymylifeasateenagerandwasaboutmyself.IwasfeelingfulfilledformostofthetimebecauselifewasmorerelaxinganddidwellonmystudiesbecauseIwasnolongerstressedout.2-Herearetwojobswithequalamountoftimeandpay.Oneyouneedtoworkwithotheremployeesinagroupandtheotherrequiresyoutoworkindividually.Whichdoyouallyspeaking,IwouldpreferajobthatallowsmetoworkwithotherpeoplebecauseIbelievethatthroughexpressingmyselfandlisteningtootherpeople'sopinionscanbenefitmyalgrowthsignificantly.Forexample,incollege，Ihadanopportunitytoprepareforapresentationwiththreeotherclassmates.Intheprocess,wehadtoexchangeourthoughtsfromtimetotimeandmadesurethateveryonewasonthesamepage.Ilearnedhowtomediatesamongpeople,howtoexpressmyselfinawaythateveryonecouldunderstand,andhowtointegrateotherpeople'sknowledgetomyown.Thesearetheskillsnecessarynotonlyforworkbutalsoforotherareasofmylife.That'swhyI'dpreferajobthatrequiresmetoworkwithothers.2-Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement:Advertisementshavetoomuchinfluenceonwhatpeoplebuy?Explainwhy.PleaseincludereasonsandexamplesinyourIdon’tagreewiththestatementthatadvertisementshavetoomuchinfluenceonwhatpeoplebuybecausethewideavailabilityofinformationtodaygivesanyonetheopportunitytocompareandreadreviewsofdifferentproductsbeforemakinganypurchases.Forinstance，lastmonthsomefriendsandIcameacrossanewmodelofcamerathatwasfrequentlyadvertisedonTV.Wedecidedtodosomeresearchonlineanditturnedoutthatthecamerawasnotasgoodasitappearedtobeinthoseadvertisementsandthereweremanynegativereviewsaboutitonline.Eventuallywedecidedtobuyanothermodelofcamerathathadneverbeenadvertisedbeforebasedontheinformationwefoundonline.2-Doyouagreeordisagree?Themostimportantinfluencethatyoungadultshaveisfromtheirfamilies.Inmyopinion,familymemberscandefini yhavethemostimportantinfluenceonyoungadultsbecausetheteenageisthemostimpressionableageforanyoneandwhateverwegothroughwithourfamilyduringourteenageyearshasthepowertoconditionourbehaviorsinadulthood.Forinstance,whenIwasinhighschool,IwasstrugglingwithpeerpressurethatIwasalwaysconsciousaboutmygradesandappearance.MyfamilygavemealotofsupportandtoldmethatIshouldjustbemyselfandnotworryaboutcompetingwithothersallthetime.Ifitweren’tformyparents’advice,Iwouldhavebeensounhappyatschoolandprobablystillamasanadult.閱讀：因?yàn)閷W(xué)校車位不夠用，要取消一年級(jí)新生使用parkinglot的資格。(1)freshmen里只有85個(gè)人有車要park(3)footballplaygroundTheuniversitywillnolongerallowfreshmanstudentstousetheparkinglotoncampusandthemanintheconversationdisagreeswiththisnewpolicy.First,accordingtotheannouncement,therearen’tenoughparkingspacesinthelotforallthestudents,sotheuniversitywouldliketoreservethespacesavailableforseniorstudents.However,themanintheconversationarguesthatthedemandforparkingspacesamongfreshmanstudentsismuchlessthanthatamongseniorstudents.Disallowingfreshmanstudentstousetheparkinglotdoesn’treallyhelpwiththeproblemofover-demand.Inaddition,theuniversitythinksthatthenewpolicywilldiscouragefreshmanstudentsfromdrivingtoschoolsoeventuallythedemandforparkingwilldecline.Themanintheconversation,ontheotherhand，thinksthatdemandforparkingwillinevitablyincreaseinthefutureamongstudentsandtheuniversityshouldtransformtheabandonedfootballplaygroundintoanewparkinglotinordertotrulysolvetheproblem.Therefore,themanopposestheuniversity’snewplan.3-閱讀：Announcement—TheuniversityisgoingtocancelitslectureseriesReason1:Lowstudents’attendanceratesReason2:Tooexpensivetopayfortheprofessor’s：ThemanReason1:He allyhasagoodtimethere.Thereallyproblemistheadvertising—theuniversityonlyputstheinformationonitswebsiteandnottoomanystudentsgettoseeit,whattheuniversityshoulddoistohangoutposterswhichcanbeseeneverywhereoncampus.Reason2:Theuniversitycanusetheemptydormsto modatetheprofessorsinsteadofarrangingtheminho Theuniversityisgoingtocancelitslectureseriesandthemanintheconversationdisagreeswiththisnewpolicy.First,accordingtotheuniversity,theattendanceratetotheselecturesistoolow,whichisawasteoftheuniversity’sresources.However,themanintheconversationthinksthelectureseriesisgreatbuttheuniversityhasn’tadvertisedenoughabouttheselectures.Theuniversityhasonlyputupinformationaboutthelecturesonthewebsite，whichnotmanystudentshaveseen.Theuniversityshouldhangpostersaboutthelectureserieseverywhereoncampus.Second，theuniversitysaysthatprofessors,housingisahugefinancialburdenfortheuniversity.Cancelingthelectureserieswillsavesomemoneyfortheuniversity.Themanintheconversation,ontheotherhand,thinksthattheuniversitycanarrange modationfortheprofessorsintheemptydormroomsoncampusinsteadofpayingforexpensiveho roomsfortheprofessors.Forthesereasons,themanintheconversationopposestheuniversity’snewplan.3-閱讀：學(xué)校對(duì)theatre專業(yè)的有新要求（requirement），所有theatermajor的學(xué)生都要taketripsoffcampusandseeadrama，每人要交35元的費(fèi)用，看三次的演出。因?yàn)樽鳛閍rtstudent這樣能更：男同學(xué)同意。原因一，藝術(shù)專業(yè)的學(xué)生從reading中學(xué)不到真的東西，需要在戲劇中對(duì)character很好理解；原因二，realbargain，因?yàn)榭匆淮窝莩龅腻X(qián)就不止35元，現(xiàn)在可以看三次。另外，可以freetransportation。Theuniversityisgoingtorequireallartstudentsmajoringintheatertotaketripsoffcampusandseedramasandthemanintheconversationagreeswiththisnewplan.First,theuniversitybelievesthenewplanwillhelpartstudentsbetterunderstandtheater.Themanintheconversationsupportsthisideabecauseartstudentscan’treallylearnmuchfromreadingthebooksbutactuallywatchingtheshowsiseasyforthemunderstandthosecharactersintheplay.4theuniversityisgoingtochargestudentsathirty-five-dollarfeeforthreedramaperformances.Themanthinksit’sagreatbargainbecausethetickettooneperformancealonecostsmorethanthirty-fivedollarssothirty-fivedollarsforthreeperformancesisgoodnewsforallstudents.Besides,studentscangetfreetransportationtothoseperformances.Forthesereasons,themanintheconversationisinfavoroftheuniversity’snewpolicy.閱讀：extinctionofbehavior(意思是行為得不到reward就會(huì)停止，最后)extinction,peopletendto6repeattheirbehaviorwhenrewardedandstopwhenignored. 就大哭不止，怕丟人妥協(xié)買(mǎi)了；以后小孩兒還會(huì)這樣；為了讓小孩兒停止這種壞習(xí)慣，在小孩兒哭得時(shí)候，ignorehim，allowhimcrying“Extinctionofbehavior”isobservedwhenapreviouslyconditionedbehaviorstopsoccurringbecausethestimulusreinforcingthebehaviorisnolongerreceivedbytheactor.Intheprofessor’sexample,amotheroncetookherchildtothegrocerystoreandthechildwascryingoutloudinthestore.Toavoidembarrassment,themotherbought sforthechildinordertocomforthim.However,afterafewincidentslikethis,thechildrealizedthathecouldberewardedwith everytimewhenhecriedinpublicandcontinuedthisbehavior.Inotherwords,thechild'scryingbehaviorhadbeenreinforcedby s.Therefore,thenexttimewhenthechildcriedinpublic,themothersimplyignoredhimandallowedhimtocry.Afterawhile,thechildagainrealizedthattherewouldbenorewardassociatedwiththisbehaviorandeventuallystoppedthisbehavior.4-閱讀：Appeasementbehavioraretheonesanimalsperformtoavoidfightandaskforpeacetomakesurenoharmcanbeoccurred.Wolfpacksaregregarioustheysharefoodandhunttogetherbutifastrongwolftakesfoodfromothers,theonethatgetsangrywillwanttofight.Butinsteadoffighting,itwillloweritsheadandflatitsfur,thisisanappeasementbehaviorandthestrongerwolfwillletitgo.Theterm“appeasementbehavior”isaformofsocialbehaviorinwhichonepartyseekstopacifytheaggressionofanotherbytakinganinferiorsocialstanceinordertoavoidtheescalationof.Theprofessorusestheexampleofwolveslivinginpackstoillustratehowappeasementbehaviorshelpsomeofthememberssurviveinthegroup.Wolvesaregregariousanimalsandtheyusuallyliveinpacks,whichmeanstheyforageingroupsandsharethefoodwitheachother.However,therearetimeswhenadominantwolftakesfoodfromotherlessdominantwolves.Thelessdominantonescangetangryandshowgesturesofstartingafight,whichinturnirritatesthedominantwolf.Then,thelessdominantwolvesfeelintimidatedandbegintoshowsomeappeasementgesturessuchasloweringtheirheadorflatteningtheirears.Asaresult,theaggressivewolfwouldletitgoandacanbeavoided.4-閱讀：Thereadingpassageintroducesadefinitioncalledimpactbias，大概是說(shuō)，之前發(fā)生的事thetendencyofhowlongandhowstrongfuture(thetendencythatpeopleestimatenegativelyaboutthefuture)impactbias。5：Inthelecturetheprofessoruseshisdaughter'sexperienceasanexample。教授的女兒在申請(qǐng)學(xué)校時(shí)只有一所學(xué)校是最想去的，因?yàn)椋?1好朋友去了那里；(2教育系統(tǒng)很不錯(cuò)。女兒說(shuō)不能去的話，lifeisruined。結(jié)果最后被rejected，女兒當(dāng)天upset了，但是之后plansummervacation等等就忘了不能去那間學(xué)校的事情，最后去了別的學(xué)校，也沒(méi)有以前那么糟，然后5recoverfromthatTheterm“impactbias”referstothetendencyinpeoplethatweoftenoverestimatethelengthorintensityofouremotionalreactiontofutureevents.Intheprofessor’sexample，whentheprofessor’sdaughterwasapplyingtocollege,sheonlywantedtogotoherdreamschool;shefeltthatifshecouldn’tgotothatschool,herlifewouldbecomple yruined.Inthiscase,sheoverestimatedherpainandgriefifsomethingwentwrongwithherapplication.Afterawhile，theprofessor’sdaughterwasindeedrejectedbyherdreamschoolandshewassoupset.However,asshebegantoplanhersummervacationanddistractedherselffromtheincident,shewasforgettingthepainofbeingrejectedbyherdreamschool.Sheattendedadifferentcollegeinsteadandthingsweren’tasbadasshehadexpectedthemtobe.Soon,sherecoveredfromhergriefandmovedon.4- 所以她開(kāi)始產(chǎn)生了Stress，甚至有點(diǎn)抵觸情緒，害怕做老師?！癆pproach-avoidances”occurwhenthedesiredgoalhasbothpositiveandnegativeeffectsthatmakethegoalitselfappealingandunappealingsimultaneously.Theprofessorusestheexampleofhisfriendtryingto eateachertoexplainhowweareoftenoverwhelmedbysuchsespeciallywhenwe’rereallyclosetoreachingthegoal.Theprofessor’sfriendhadalwayswantedto eateacherbecauseshelovedlecturinginfrontofotherpeopleandinteractingwithherstudents.Thispositivecharacteristicmotivatedhertoworkreallyhardtoapproachthegoal.However,asthisfriendhadfinallygotajobofferataschool，,shestartedtofeelavoidantandhesitantabout ingateacher.Sherealizedthattherewouldbealotofworktodooutsideoftheclassroomsuchaspreparingthematerialsfortheclasses,whichcausedalotofwithinherandshefeltafraidandstressedout.Problem:Themanhasgotaprizeforhisoutstandingtermpaperandhe’sgoingtohaveadinnerwiththeuniversity,buthedoesn’tknowwhattowear.Solution1:WearCon:Hedoesn’thaveoneanddoesn’thavetheitemSolution2:WearcasualclothesCon:He’snotsureifit’sokay.Themanintheconversationhasjustwonanawardforanoutstandingtermpaperandhasbeeninvitedtohavedinnerwiththeuniversity.However,hedoesnotknowwhattoweartotheevent.Hecaneitherwearaformalsuitorcasualoutfittothedinner.Inmyopinion,itisbetterforthemantowearaformalsuittotheevent.First,ifhewearscasualclothestothedinnerwiththe,there’sachancethattheandotherfacultymembersfeeloffendedbecausetheeventissuchagreathonorforboththemanandtheuniversityfaculty.Inthiscase,hewillleaveabadimpressiononthesepeopleandmighthaveadifficulttimebeingrecognizedforhisoutstandingacademicperformanceinthefuture.Inaddition,ifhewearsaformalsuit,itshowsthatherespectshisownhonorandthepeoplehe'shavingdinnerwith.Theuniversityaformaloutfitisbetterforthe5-arthistoryprojectpaper而且這本書(shū)寫(xiě)完這個(gè)paper以后就不會(huì)用到了。Themanintheconversationneedsabookfromthelibraryforhisarthistoryprojectbuttheonlycopyatthelibraryhasalreadybeencheckedoutbyanotherclassmate.Hecaneitherbuyhisowncopyontheinternetoraskhisclassmatetolendhimthebookwhenshe’sdonewithherpaper.Inmyopinion,it’sbetterforthemantoorderhisowncopyofthebookontheinternet.First,ifheborrowsthebookfromhisclassmate，hewon’thaveenoughtimetogothroughallthematerialsandworkonhispaper.Inthiscase,he’llhavetorushthroughhispaperandgetabadgradeontheassignment.Maintainingone’sacademicperformanceshouldalwaysbethepriorityforanycollegestudent.Inaddition，,ifheordersacopyontheinternet,hewillhavesufficienttimetoworkontheproject.Afterhe’sdonewiththepaper,hecanalsosellthebooktosomeoneelseandrecoupsomeofthecost.Forthesereasons,Ithinkthefirstsolutionisbetterforthemaninthebusinessplanexecutive例子：一個(gè)朋友，做辦公家倶的，以前他有計(jì)劃書(shū)，但是從來(lái)沒(méi)有人去讀它，后來(lái)透過(guò)executiveInthelecture,theprofessortalksabouthowtoattractinvestorswhenstartingabusiness,suchasthecompositionofabusinessplananditsexecutivesummary.First,abusinessplanisadetailedstatementofacompany’sgoals,thereasonswhythegoalsareattainable,theplantoachievethesegoals,andinformationabouttheteamattemptingtoreachthesegoals.Forexample，theprofessor’sfriendestablishedanofficefurniturecompany.Hehadabusinessplancontaininginformationrequiredforinvestmentsbutalotofinvestorsweretoobusytogothroughthebusinessplan.That’swhyanexecutivesummary,whichisasectionsummarizingthebusinessplan,isalsonecessarywhenpresentingtopotentialinvestors.Inthecaseoftheofficefurniturecompany,thefounderthencomposedanexecutivesummarysothatpotentialinvestorscouldeacquaintedwithhisbusinesswithoutreadingtheentireanddecidedtoinvestinhiscompany.6-Twosurveyforspecificinformation,questionslikewhatdoyouwantthe ernmentdotoimproveourcity.Example2:Structuredmethod,theseareusuallyclose-endedquestionsthatlookforspecificinformation，questionslikechoosefromthethreetoimproveourcity:buildingmorebicycletrails，buildingmoreparksandplantingmoretrees.Inthelecture,theprofessortalksabouttwotypesofquestionsthatcanbedesignedinasurvey,includingbothunstructuredandstructuredquestions.First,unstructuredquestionsaretypicallyopen-endedquestionswhichdonotrequirepre-definedcategoriesandallowtherespondenttoexpresstheiropinionsopenly.Forinstance,anunstructuredsurveyquestioncanbe"whatwouldyoulikethe ernmenttodoinordertoimprovethecity”andtheinformationtheygetfromthiskindofsurveysarelessspecificandmorequalitative.Ontheotherhand,structuredsurveyquestionsrelyonclose-endedcategoriesselectedbythesurveydesignerinadvance.Forexample,arespondentmaybeaskedtochooseoneofthethreeoptionsprovidedinthesurveyquestionasthebestwaytoimprovethecity,suchasbuildingmorebicycletrails,buildingmoreparksorplantingmoretrees.Questionslikethiscangetmorespecificandtative6-thewater，氣囊會(huì)增加浮力減慢速度，這樣這種鳥(niǎo)就不會(huì)掉太深，從而待在水里時(shí)間也不會(huì)太長(zhǎng)Inthelecture,theprofessortalksabouthowterrestrialanimalsthatforageunderwateradapttoanenvironmentwhereoxygenisdeficient,includingbothbehavioralandphysiologicaladaptations.Intheprofessor’sfirstexample，whenalligatorsaresearchingforfoodunderwater,theykeeptheirbodymovementtoaminimum.Thisbehavioraladaptationallowsalligatorstoreducetheirheartrateandbloodpressure,whichthenreducestheconsumptionofoxygenunderwatersothathypoxiacanbeavoided.Besidesbehavioraladaptations,somedivingbirdshavealsodevelopedphysiologicaladaptationstostoreoxygenwhenthey’reforagingunderwater.Forexample,divingbirdsareabletotrapoxygenintheirplumageaswellastheirairsacsintheirrespiratorysystem.Theirfeathersandtheairsacsareabletoprovideoptimaloxygenstoresforthebirdswhenthey’relookingforfoodunderwaterandbuoyancyforthebirdssotheydonotstaysubmergedinwaterfortoolong.6-教授介紹了兩個(gè)basicprocessesofcreatingsculpture.(1)去除式subtractiveprocess:就是用掉了，放不回去了。比如刻在刻臉鼻子時(shí)，如果刻出來(lái)你不喜歡，只能整個(gè)臉重刻。（2)添加式additiveprocess，就是往上加?xùn)|西的方法，比如用clay，你就可以把這個(gè)你不喜歡的鼻Inthelecture,theprofessortalksabouttwosculpturetechniquesandtheprocessesareeithersubtractiveoradditive.First,asubtractiveprocesstakesplacewhenamaterialsuchasastoneorwoodisremovedorcarvedout.Forexample，asculptorhastokeepchipawayashapefromthematerialuntilthemateriallooksliketheirdesiredobject.However,inthesubtractiveprocess，anymistakewouldbeincorrigiblebecausematerialsremovedcannotbeputbackintothesculpturetoremedythemistake.Ontheotherhand,anadditiveprocessinvolvesaddingmaterialsbuildsupthesculpturebyaddingmoreclayandmodelingituntilthedesiredshapeisformed.Inthiscase,anymodelingmistakecanbefixedbecausethesculptorcansimplyremovetheundesirableobjectfromthesculptureandmodeltheshapeagain.五星級(jí)1-Oneofyourfriendshasabaddiethabit.Whatadviceswouldyouliketogivetothisfriendandwhy?Sampleally,Iwouldrespectmyfriend'schoiceandtrynottointerferewiththeirdietbecauseeverybodyisdifferent;whatIconsiderhealthyisnotnecessarilyhealthyformyfriend.Forinstance,mygrandfatherusedtohaveareallyunhealthydiet.Hebarelyateanyvegetablesandhadredmeatforalmosteverymeal.Inaddition,heoftenatelateatnight.Someofourfamilymemberstriedtowarnhimofthedangerofsuchanunhealthydietbuttheirsuggestionsdidn’tmakemygrandpahealthierorlesshealthy.Therefore,Iwould lmyfriendtodotheirbesttotakecareoftheirhealthbuttherestistheirchoiceandresponsibility.1-Ifyourfriendwantstomakeabigpurchasewithouthavingenoughmoney,whatcanhedotogetenoughmoney?SampleAnswerally,Iwould lmefriendtowaitandsaveuntiltheyhaveenoughmoneybeforetheymakethepurchasebecauseitfeelsreallystressfulandguiltywhenborrowingmoneyfromothers.Forexample,fiveyearsagomylaptopbrokedownandIborrowedmoneyfromafriendtobuyanewone.Acoupleofmonthslater,myfriendneededmoneytofixhiscarandaskedmetoreturnthemoneysooner.IhadtoworkextrahourseveryweektopayhimbackearlierthanscheduledandIalsofeltguiltythathecouldnothavehiscarfixeduntilIpaidhimback.ThusIthinkmyfriendshouldwaitandsaveuntiltheyhaveenoughmoneytomakealargepurchase.1-Nowadays,thereisairpollutioninmanyplaces.Howtoreduceairpollutionandwhy?Includereasonsandexamplestosupportyourresponse.Inmyopinion,replacingtraditionalenergywithrenewableenergyandreducingtheuseofcarscanhelpalleviateairpollutionbecausetraditionalpowerplantsandautomobilesareindeedthetwomajorsourcesofairpollutiontoday.First,coal-firedpowerplantsarestillverycommonintheworldbuttheycauseseriousairpollutionbyreleasinghighconcentrationofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.Thereforeadoptingrenewableenergycanalmosteliminatethisproblem.Second,carsalsoreleaseahugeamountofcarbondioxideintotheair.Bybuildingmorepublictransportationandreducingtheuseof alvehicles,wecanreduceairpollutionsignificantly.SampleAnswerIthinkmyfriendcanturntomeforhelpfirst.AlthoughI’mnotamillionaireIdohaveasmallamountofsavinginthebankwhichIcanwithdrawandlendtomyfriendifhereallyneedsit.ItrusteachofmyfriendsandI’msurehewillpaymebackintime.Ifthatamountisnotenough,hecanalsoturntohisotherfriendsforhelpbecauseeveryonemusthavetheirowncircleoffriendswhoaresupposedtobeheleachother.Alternatively,hecanalsoapplyforaloanfromthebank.Manybanksnowadaysoffer alloanstopeoplewhohaveastable eandagoodcredit.Ofcoursebankschargeaprettyhighinterestratesoheshouldbecarefulandtrytorepaytheloanassoonaspossible.1-TalkaboutaplacewhereyouenjoystudyingandexplainwhyyoulikeitPleaseincludereasonsandexamplesinyourexplanation.SampleIenjoystudyingatthelibraryoncampusbecauseit'squietandIcanalwaysfeelmotivatedbyotherhard-workingstudentsaroundme.Forinstance,lastnightIwasstudyingveryhardformyTOEFLexamandIfeltreallynervousaboutthetest.However,thequietnessinthelibrarycalmedmedownsoIcouldquicklyconcentrateonmystudiesagain.Besides,therewereacoupleoftimeswhenIfeltsofrustratedbyallthedifficultEnglishwordsbutthenIlookedaroundandIsawsomanystudentsstrugglingwithwhateverdifficultassignmentstheyhadinfrontthem.Allofasudden,Ifeltinspiredagainandcontinuedtostudyforthetest.ThesearethereasonswhyIliketostudyatthelibrary.1-Afriendofyourswouldliketodropoutfromcollege.Whatadvicewouldyougivehimandwhy?Pleaseincludereasonsandexamplesinyourexplanation.SampleIfafriendofminewouldliketodropoutfromcollege,Iwould lthemtofollowtheirheartanddotheirbestto yzetheconsequencesbeforetheymakethedecisionbecauseIunderstandthathighereducationisnotmeantforeveryoneandnobodyshouldfeelsounhappystayingincollegesimplytofulfilltheexpectationofothers.Forinstance,afriendofminefromhighschoolisnowaverysuccessfulbusinesswomanwhohappenstobeacollegedropoutShe'sveryin ligentandhasalwaysbeenverycertainaboutwhatshewouldliketodoinlife.Shefoundcollegeeducationawasteoftimebecauseshealreadyhadaclearplanforherfuture.Therefore,Iwouldlmyfriendtofollowthesamepath.1-Describeanactivityyouenjoy nginyourschoolrecently.Explainwhyyouenjoy thisactivityinyourschool.IncludespecificreasonsanddetailstosupportyourAwhileagoIwenttoafundraisingeventorganizedbysomestudentsoncampusforuneducatedchildreninremoteareas.ItwasverymeaningfulbecauseitwasthefirsttimeinmylifethatIrealizedhowfortunateIhadbeenandfeltgratefulforwhatIhad.Forexample,thosestudentshavespenteverysummervacationinthemountainsteachingchildrendifferentsubjectswhileIhavealwaysbeentravelingoverseasformyownpleasureduringthosesummerbreaks.Besides,thosechildreninremoteareaslackdailynecessitiesforschoolsuchaspencilsanderasers,whicharethingsIVealwaystakenforgranted.Ihavecomple ychangedtheoutlookonmylifeafterthiseventandhopeonedayIcanplayaroleinmakingoursocietyabetterplace.1-Describethesteps,throughwhichyouoncelearnedanewthingandexplainhowyoulearnedit.Pleaseincludedetailsandexamplesinyourresponse. ally,whenlearningsomethingnewIneedtodoalotofresearchonthesubjectfirstandthenputwhatI'vereadintopractice.Thesetwostepsallowmetolearnnewthingswithathoroughunderstandingofhowsomethingworks.Forexample,whenIwaslearningphotographyayearsago,IfirstreadalotofbooksandblogsonlineinordertounderstandthebasictechniquesofusingadigitalSLRcamera.Aftermonthsofresearch,IfinallyboughtadigitalSLRcameraandstartedtotakepictureswiththecamerausingthetechniquesIlearnedfromtakepicturesofprofessional1-Manycitieshavetrafficcongestions(trafficjams).Whatdoyouthinkacityshoulddotodealwithtrafficjamsandwhy?Includereasonsandexamplestosupportyourresponse.【參考答案】Version1：Ithinkthe ernmentcandoatleasttwothingstoreducethenumberofvehiclesrunningonthestreet.First,itcanincreasetheleveloftaximposedoneachnewly-purchasedvehicle.Thiswillsomehowdiscouragepeoplefrompurchasingnewcarsandthenumberofvehiclesonthestreetwillnaturallydecline.Second,the ernmentcantakemeasurestoimprovepublictransportation,suchasbusesandthemetrosystem,somorepeoplewillbewillingtotakepublictransportationinsteadofdriving.Thiswillalsoeffectivelyreducetraffic.【參考答案】Version2：Ithinktherearesomuchmore ernmentcandotoreducetrafficproblems.First,moreroadsmustbebuilt.TakeBeijingasanexample,manyoftheoldroadsinthecitywerenarrowandbumpy.Duringthelastdecade,local ernmentspentveryhandsomelyonbuildingnewroadswithmorelanesandupgradeoldroads.Ithinkithelpedalot.Secondthingisimprovingpublictransportationsystem.Beijinghasmorethantwentylinesofsubwaytoday,morearebeingbuiltandplanned.Theyarecomfortableandaffordable.