初中英語時(shí)態(tài)整理

初中英語時(shí)態(tài)整理作謂語的動(dòng)詞用來表示動(dòng)作(情況)發(fā)生時(shí)間的各種形式稱為時(shí)態(tài)。構(gòu)成：一般時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形，但第三人稱單數(shù)后要加詞是-s/es;一般過去時(shí)用過去式；一般將來時(shí)用shall或will加動(dòng)詞原形；一般過去將來時(shí)用should或would加動(dòng)詞原形；.進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：助動(dòng)詞be+主要?jiǎng)釉~的現(xiàn)在分詞(am/is/are/was/weredoing).完成時(shí)態(tài)：助動(dòng)詞have+主要?jiǎng)釉~的過去分詞(have/haddone).完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：助動(dòng)詞have+been+主要?jiǎng)釉~的現(xiàn)在分詞附表:一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在writewritesam]is}are」writinghasrhave」awrittenhasfhave」^beenwriting過去wrotewas[were」觸writinghadwritten一將來shalKwill/Awrite過去將來should^would,'rite/要點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)：?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).第三人稱單數(shù)后加s注意：以ch,sh,s,x,或o收尾的詞加es;以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加es;.含義：a.經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作b.現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)c.普遍真理d.計(jì)劃或時(shí)刻表.常用時(shí)間狀語：often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday,onceaweek?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).少量動(dòng)詞可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，如：go,come,leave,start,arrive,stay等；.表示一個(gè)經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或是表示一種感情(如贊嘆、厭煩等)或是強(qiáng)調(diào)暫時(shí)性。如:bealwaysdoing?一般將來時(shí).在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，一般不用將來時(shí)，而用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替。如：1’111就youhavethebookwhenI’mthrough./I,llberoundtoseeyouifIhavetimetomorrow..表示傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。如：Oilwillfloatonwater..否定形式表示“不能 ”"沒法 ”如:Thismachinewon,twork.?一般過去時(shí).發(fā)生的時(shí)間不是很清楚，但實(shí)際上是過去發(fā)生，應(yīng)當(dāng)用過去時(shí)。如：Ididn'tknowyouwereintown./Whatdidyousay?.談到已死的人多用過去時(shí)，但有時(shí)也可以用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。?過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；一般過去時(shí)表示一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作。?過去將來時(shí).表示從過去某時(shí)看將來要發(fā)生的事情。如：Hesaidhewouldraisethequestionatthemeeting..注意在間接引語中的使用。?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).到現(xiàn)在為止的這一時(shí)期中發(fā)生的情況（可能是多次動(dòng)作的總和，也可以表示狀態(tài)和習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作）；對(duì)現(xiàn)狀有影響的某已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。.當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示過去某時(shí)的狀語（包括when）時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。.常用詞：already,yet,just,asyet,ever,never,since.區(qū)別：havebeento&havegoneto?現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí).表示現(xiàn)在以前這一段時(shí)間里一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，可能仍在進(jìn)行，也可能停了一會(huì)兒。.可以用來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)久。如：Shehasalwaysbeenworkinglikethat..也可以用來強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在以前這段時(shí)期反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。如：She,sbeencyclyingtoworkforthelastthreeweeks.?過去完成時(shí).表示過去的過去：過去完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作較另一過去的動(dòng)作先發(fā)生。.在包含when,assoonas,before,after,until,nowthat等連詞的復(fù)合句中，先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作通常用過去完成時(shí)。分類練習(xí):I.用動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)填空1.A.What you (think)oftheidea?B.What you (think)about?2.A.He (notlook)hisage.B.He (look)forhisglasses.3.A.I (have)ahardtimetryingtogetthisfinished.B.I (have)abadcold.4.A:Let,sgoout.It (notrain)now.B:It(notrain)verymuchinsummer.5.A.I(live)somefriendsuntilIfindaflat.B:Myparents(live)inLondon.Theyhavelivedtherealltheirlives.II.用動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)填空Whilewe(wait)forthebus,agirl(run)uptous.I(telephone)afriendwhenBob(come)in.Jim(jump)onthebusasit(move)away.We(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity(go)off.She(notwant)tostayinbedwhentheothers(allwork)inthefields.Whilemother(put) Kittytobed,thedoor-bell (ring).Itwasquitelateatnight.George(read)andAmy(rest)whenthey(hear)aknockatthedoor.m.用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)填空.you(book)yourhotelroomyet?Well,I(write)tothehotellastweekbutthey(notanswer)yet..Youjust(agree)togo,sowhyaren,tyougettingready?ButI(notrealize)thatyou(want)metostartatonce.Ican,tfindmygloves.you(see)them?Yes,you(leave)theminthecaryesterday.I(put)thembackinyourdrawer.IhearthatMrJones(leave).Yes,he(leave)lastweek.anyone(take)hisplace?Ibelievethatseveralmen(apply)forthejobbutsofarnothing(decide).IV.用動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)填空Theheavyrain(stop),buttherewasstillaslightdrizzleintheair.I(cannotgo)outthatnight,forI(agree)totakecareofmyyoungersisterathome.I(notknow)you(be)sobusyinthepastfewweeks.Thesnowstorm(drop減弱)assuddenlyasit(start).Thewind(die)downandthesun (come)out.Nobodyagreedwithhim.That(be)somethinghe (notpredict).

Y用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)填空Thechildren(watch)TVsincenoon.Willyoustopthem?They(build)theroadsince 1978 and still (notcomplete)ityet.Joe(read)thebookforonlyan hour, but(cover)overthirtypages.We(hope)tovisitthisplaceformanyyears,butstill (notget)achanceto.We(look)foritforawholedayandstill (notfind)it.V!?用動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)填空Wheneverhe(have)time,he(help)themwiththeirwork.I(think)thingsoverinmymind:What(be)theirreaction?they(support)theidea?He(tell)metocomeandwaitunderthetreethenextmorning.Ayoungman(meet)methereand(take)metoseetheboss.TheteacheraskedTomwhathe(begoingto,be)whenhe (grow)up.LateatnightonNovember28DrBethune(get)newsthatabattle (begin)soon.綜合練習(xí):I.請(qǐng)選擇正確答案—IsRunyangBridgeopentothepublicyet?—Yes.Itforalmostoneandahalfmonths.A.hasopenedB.hasbeenopenedC.hasbeenopenD.wasopen—WhendidyouborrowtheEnglishstorybook?—Iborroweditlastweek.IitforaweekA.haveboughtB.havekeptC.haveborrowedD.hadA.haveboughtB.havekeptC.haveborrowedD.hadDhad;beensentDhad;beensentD.iscomingD.wouldleaveDwereyoudoingWhenLiMinghurriedhome,hefoundthathismotheralreadytohospital.Ahas;beensentBhad;sent C.has;sent-Whenheback?-Sorry,Idon,tknow.A.does,come B.arecoming C.iscomeWasitraininghardwhenyouthismorning?A.left B.leaves C.wasleavingWhatfromthreetofouryesterdayafternoon?AhaveyoudoneBhadyoudoneCdidyoudo一I,mlookingforMrWhite.一Hewasherejustnow.Buthetoameetingandhewon,tbebackuntileleveno,clock.A.wasB.willbe C.hasgoneD.hasbeenA.wasSince2000,Nanchanghasbecomeanewcity.Everything.A.ischangedB.waschangedC.haschangedD.hadchangedHowcanyoupossiblymissthenews?ItonTValldaylong.A.hasbeenB.hadbeen C.was D.willbeSheaskedhimwhetherhebackforlunch.A.came B.wascomingC.come D.hadcome——mydictionary?Ican,tfinditanywhere.—IitontheshelfwhenIcamein.A.Didyousee,haveseenB.Haveyouseen,sawC.Didyousee,sawD.Haveyouseen,haveseenBytheendof1976,manybuildingsbuiltinthecity.A.havebeenB.have C.hadbeenD.willbeThemeetingwhenMr.Wangtoschool.A.hasbegun;get B.hadbegun;gotC.hasbeenon;getD.hadbeenon;gotNobodynoticedwhatsheatthemoment.A.willdo B.wasdoingC.hasdone D.haddoneDon,ttalkhere.Mymother.A.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleeping D.sleepMymotherwhilemyfatherTV.A.cooked;waswatchingB.wascooking;waswatchingC.hadcooked;watchedD.cooked;watched一Iheardyourfather toJapanonce.一Yes,hetherelastyear.A.went,hasbeenB.hadbeen,wentC.goes,went D.hadbeen,hasbeenLook!Hetheirmotherdothehousework.A.ishelping B.arehelp C.hashelped D.washelping一Wow,whatacoolbike!Howlonghaveyouit?一Twoweeks.A.bought B.got C.had D.chosenHanMeitoldmeshelunch,soshewasveryhungry.A.hashadB.hasn'thadC.havehad D.hadn'thadWhenIgothome,mysonthemusic.A.amlisteningtoB.listenedtoC.waslisteningtoD.hasbeenlisteningto22.Thepizzabymymother.Wouldyouliketohavesome?A.makes B.wasmakingC.made D.wasmadethelettertoBruce? No,it,sstillonthedesk.A.Has;givenB.Will;begivenC.Was;givenD.Has;beengiven24.一Hasthematchstarted?—Started?Finished!GuoYue.A.iswinningB.wins C.willwin D.haswon一Icalledyouyesterdayevening,buttherewasnoanswer.--Oh.,I,msorryIdinneratmyfriend,shome.A.have B.had C.washavingD.havehadHowdidtheaccidenthappen?Youknow,itdifficulttoseetheroadclearlybecauseit.A.was,wasrainingB.is,hasrainedC.is,israiningD.willbe,willrain27.Hisbrotherfromhomeforalongtime.A.hasleft B.hasbeenawayC.left D.willleaveThepopsingerswhenIgottothemusichalllastnight.Whatapity!A.haveleftB.wereleft C.hadleft D.leftMr.LiEngland.HeLondonfortwoweeks.A.hasbeento,hasbeentoB.hasgoneto,hasbeeninC.hasbeento,hasbeeninD.hasgoneto,hasbeentoNicetoseeyou.Iyouforalongtime.1inBeijing.I,vejustcomeback.A.hadn,tseen,am B.haven,tseen,wasC.didn,tsee,willbe D.haven,tseen,shallbeII.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空Whereyou(be)thesedays?Greatchanges(take)placeinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.Manynewfactoriesalready(put)upandanewtheatre(build)soon.“you(buy)thedictionary?”“No,Ihaven't.WhenI(get)tothebookstoreyesterday,allthedictionariesalready (sell)out.”“Where(be)youthistimeyesterday?”“I(be)athome.I(go)overmylessonsthen.”WhenI(enter)theroom,he(notnotice)me,forhe(work)atamathsproblem.Mr.Brown(make)alotoffriendssincehe(come)toworkinWuhantwoyearsago.Bytheendoflastyearthey(learn)morethan1000newwords.Mr.Green(visit)allplacesofgreatinterestinChinasincehecametoChina.Tomsaidhe(study)Chinesesincethreeyearsago.Couldyoutellmeifyou(read)thestorybook?Hesaidthelightsintheroom(go)outwhenheopenedthedoor.They(talk)and(laugh)whentheteachercamein.JustnowI(see)hertalkingwithourteacher.Iwon'tgototheGreatWallbecauseI(be)theretwice.A:thechildren(return)yet?B:Yes.They(have)suppernow.Whenmyson(come)homefromschoolthisafternoon,he(go)straightfortheTVasusual.He(turn)itonand(watch)ituntildinner.He(love)thetalkshows.Healways(tell)methatthey(be)fullofimportantandinterestinginformation.I(not;know)whattodo.He(get)goodgradesand(have)alotoffriends.Maybehe(need)amorechallengingschool.A:She(do)itagain!What(you;talk)about?LittleSarahfromnextdoor(look)intheSmiths5windowsagain!Whatdoesshethinkshe(do)?Probablyshe(just;play)withsomeotherkids.A:I(not;think)so.I(call)ColleenSmithand(tell)heraboutSarah.18.AsJimandJenniferStolpa(drive)throughtheNevadadesertinthewinterof1993,theirtruck(get)trappedinthesnowduringaterriblesnowstorm.Whennohelp(come)afterthreedays,they(decide)tostart(walk)andfindhelp.WhenJennifer(not;can)walkanylonger,sheandtheirlittlebaby(stay)inacavetokeepwarm.Jim(think)alotabouthisfamilywhilehe(walk)throughthesnowinsearchofhelp.19.OnJuly19,1989,twopilots(fly)aplanefromDenvertoChicagowhenanengine(catch)fire.Whentheengine(explode),HelenYoung(sleep),andothers(eat)lunch.Babies(sit)inparents,laps.LindsiWerner(enjoy)theflightwithhergrandmotherwhenthepilot(announce)theemergencylanding(緊急降落).A:ChiLin(go)foranotherinterviewtomorrow.He(have)twointerviewsthisweek.B:(YenPing;go)onanyinterviewyet?A:She(talk)tosomecompanies,butnoone(call)herinforaninterview.B:What(you;do)aboutajob?A:I(fill)outaboutfiveorsixapplications(申請(qǐng)表),butI(not;hand)theminyet.I(think)aboutmovingtoChicago.B:YoushouldtalktoLun.He(decide)tomovetoChicago,andI,msurehecantellyoualotaboutthecity.Thisbook(write)byMarkTwain.It(tell)ussomefunnystoriesaboutalittleboy(name)TomSawyer.Ifinished(read)thisbook2weeksago.Ilikeditalot.Atfirst,Ithoughtit(be)achildren,sbook.But,theotherday,myfatherbegantoreaditandhe_(notstop)untilhefinishedthelastpage.He(seem)toenjoyitalot.“HowIwishI(can,be)youngagain!”saidmyfatherwithabigsmileonhisfaceashe(close)thebook.Ilikerainydays.Ilike(stay)athome(listen)totheraindropsalldaylong.Nomusicianisgreaterthanourmothernature.(walk)or(dance)intheraincangivemegreatpleasure,too.Ienjoydoingallofthese,butthetroubleis:Everyoneinmyclass(laugh)atmeand(think)Iamahopelessromantic.It,ssoquiethere.Mr.AndMrs.Smith (go)awayonvacationeightdaysago.Andthey(come)backin6days.Butthey(forget)tostopthenewspaperandmilk.Thenewspaper(come)everydayasusualandthemailboxisfullverysoon.Thismorning,Thenewspaperboy(cannot)putthenewspaperinthemailboxanymore.Sohe(put)itinfrontofthehouse.Unluckily,it(become)windyshortlyafterandaheavyrain(follow).PoorMrandMrs.Smith,they(have)tocleanupthemessyyardwhentheyareback.However,themilk(not,be)aproblem.Theirneighbor,scat (take)careofiteveryday.AlbertEinstein,oneofthemostfamousscientistsoftheUS,(bear)inGermanyin1879.Whenhe(be)achild,histeachers(notthink)he(be)asmartstudent.Bythetimehe(be)eight,they(decide)thathe(can)notlearnasfastashisclassmates.AtthattimeEinstein(notseem)interestedinclass,andhe(dislike)studyingsubjectslikeLatinandGreek.He(be)veryinterestedinmath,buthe(prefer)tosolvemathproblemsinhisownway.Histeacher(notfeel)he(have)abrightfuture.參考答案，歡迎質(zhì)疑!分類練習(xí)：I. 用動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)填空A.dothinkB.arethinking2.A.doesn,tlookB.islookingA.amhavingB.have4.A.isn,trainingB.doesn,train5.A.amlivingB.liveII.一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.werewaiting,ran2.wastelephoning,came3.jumped,wasmoving4.weretesting,went5.didn,twant,wereallworking6.wasputting,rang7.wasreading,wasresting,heard.用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)填空Have,booked;wrote,haven,tanswered2.haveagreed,didn,trealize,wantedHaveseen,left,haveput5.hasleft,left,Hastaken,haveapplied,hasbeendecided.用動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)填空hadstopped2.couldn,tgo,hadagreed3.didn,tknow,hadbeen4.dropped,hadstarted,haddied,hadcome5.was,hadn,tpredicted.用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)填空1.havebeenwatching2.havebeenbuilding,haven,tcompleted3.hasbeenreading,hascovered4.havebeenhoping,haven'tgot5.have