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人教版高一英語必修一單元知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)人教版高一英語必修一單元學(xué)問點(diǎn)總結(jié)

Unit1friendship目標(biāo)話題Friendsandfriendship同意和不同意Iagree.Yes,IthinksoSodoIMetoo.目標(biāo)功能ExactlyNoproblemSure.Certainly.Ofcourse.Allright.Noway.直接引語和間接引語:陳述句和疑問句1.陳述句“Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary”saidAnne.目標(biāo)構(gòu)造Annesaidthatshedidn’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.2.一般疑問句“Doesafriendalwayshavetobeaperson?”thewriterasksusThewriterasksusifafriendalwayshastobeaperson.

Unit2Englisharoundtheworld目標(biāo)話題Englishlanguageanditsdevelopment語言交際困難Pardon?Ibegyourpardon?Idon’tunderstand.目標(biāo)功能Couldyousaythatagain,please?Sorry,Ican’tfollowyou.直接引語和間接引語:懇求與命令“Lookatthisexample.”TheteachersaidtouaTheteachertoldustolookatthatexample.目標(biāo)構(gòu)造“wouldyouliketoseemyflat”sheaskedSheaskedmetoseeherflat.

Unit3traveljournal目標(biāo)話題Travlling,describingajourney1.爭論將來的規(guī)劃Whenareyouleaving?Whereareyoustaying?Howareyougoingto?Howlongareyoustayingin….?目標(biāo)功能2.祝福和告辭Haveanice/goodtime!Haveanice/goodtrip/journey!Takecarehavefun!Bestwishes.Sayhelloto……現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時表將來Wherearewegoing?目標(biāo)構(gòu)造Whenareweleaving?Whenarewecomingback?

Unit4earthquakes目標(biāo)話題Basicknowledgeaboutearthquakes.談?wù)撨^去的經(jīng)受Itwasterriblewhen……Itseemedasif…目標(biāo)功能Iremember……Ifelt……Nolongerafterthat……Luckily……定語從句目標(biāo)構(gòu)造關(guān)系代詞that,which,whose,who,whom引導(dǎo)的從句.如:ThisisthegirlthatIteach.Unit5目標(biāo)話題Thequalitiesofagreatperson1.willingadj:desiringtodowhatiswanted;2.notobjectingeg.Theyarewillingtocome.eg.Heiswillingtodothejobwithoutpayment.’3.prisonn:buildingforconfiningpersonconvicted目標(biāo)功能oraccusedofacrimeeg.Hewassenttoprisonfordamagingpublicproperty.詞組beinprison在獄中,eg.Heisnowstillinprison.put/throwsbintoprison把某人投入監(jiān)獄Thetwonoblemenput/threwDr.Manetteintoprisonwithoutmercy.1.advisev:suggesteg.Weadvisedherthatshe(should)wait.這個詞跟suggest都表示建議之義,但要表示建議某人做某事只能用advisesbtodosth,不能用suggestsbtodosthadvise,suggest后接賓語從句時,要用虛擬語氣。目標(biāo)構(gòu)造其名詞形式為advice,是一個不行數(shù)名詞,要表達(dá)一條建議只能說成apieceofadvice2.equaladj:thesameinnumber,quality,size,etceg.Everybodyhadanequalchance.beequalto,befitfor勝任eg.Heisnotequaltothejob

擴(kuò)展閱讀:高一英語必修一學(xué)問點(diǎn)總結(jié)(家教)

高一英語各單元學(xué)問點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit1-2

☆重點(diǎn)句型☆

1.Whatshouldafriendbelike?詢問對方的看法2.Ithinkhe/sheshouldbe表示個人觀點(diǎn)的詞語

3.Ienjoyreading/I“mfondofsinging/Ilikeplayingcomputergames.等表示喜好的詞語4.Chuckisonaflightwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashes.“when“作并列連詞的用法

5.What/Who/When/Whereisitthat...?強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特別疑問句構(gòu)造

6.WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,...“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的構(gòu)造做狀語

7.Canyoutellmehowtopronounce...?帶連接副詞(或代詞)的不定式做賓補(bǔ)的用法☆重點(diǎn)詞匯☆1.especiallyv.特殊地2.imaginev.想像

3.aloneadv./adj.單獨(dú),孤獨(dú)的4.interestn.興趣

5.everydayadj.每天的,日常的6.desertedadj.拋棄的7.huntv.搜尋8.sharev.共享

9.carev.在乎,關(guān)懷10.totaln.總數(shù)

11.majorityn.大多數(shù)12.survivev.生存,活下來13.adventuren.冒險14.scaredadj.嚇壞的15.admitv.成認(rèn)

16.whileconj.但是,而17.boringadj.令人厭煩的18.exceptprep.除之外19.qualityn.質(zhì)量

20.favouriteadj.最寵愛的☆重點(diǎn)短語☆1.befondof愛好

2.treatas把看作為

3.makefriendswith與交朋友

4.arguewithsb.about/oversth.與某人爭辯某事5.huntfor查找6.inorderto為了

7.sharewith與共享8.bringin引進(jìn);賺錢

9.agreat/goodmany很多10.havedifficulty(in)doing做有困難11.endupwith以完畢12.exceptfor除之外13.comeabout發(fā)生14.make(a)fire生火

15.makeyourselfathome別拘束16.themajorityof大多數(shù)17.dropsb.aline給某人寫短信18.forthefirsttime第一次19.atall根本;竟然

20.havea(good)knowledgeof精通☆短語闖關(guān)☆

以下短語都是這兩個單元學(xué)過的重要短語,請你依據(jù)漢語在橫線上填人一個正確的詞,每個詞4分,80分才能過關(guān),你肯定能過關(guān),做好了闖關(guān)的預(yù)備嗎?那么我們就開頭吧?l.befond____喜愛,愛好of

2.hunt____搜尋。尋找,查找o____為了order

4.care____擔(dān)憂,關(guān)懷a(bǔ)bout5.such____例如,諸如as

6.dropsba____給某人寫信(通常指寫短信)line7.makeoneselfat____別客氣home8.____total總共in

9.except____除了之外for10.stay____不睡,熬夜up11.____about發(fā)生come12.end____with以告終up13.bring____引進(jìn),引來in

14.agreat____許很多多,極多many

15.be____對深感興趣,深深迷上into16.____theInternet上網(wǎng)surf

17.____classes逃學(xué),逃課skip

18.get____聚會,相聚,聚攏together19.beproud____為感到傲慢of20.keepan____on照看,留意eye21.becurious____對感到奇怪about22.shut____(使)住口up23.joke____開玩笑about24.____thenameof以名義in25.____thetime總是,始終all☆交際用語☆1.Ithink…

Ilike/love/hate...Ienjoy...

Myinterestsare...2.Didyouhaveagoodflight?

Youmustbeverytired.Justmakeyourselfathome.Ibegyourpardon?

Canyoutellmehowtopronounce...?Getit.

☆單詞聚焦☆

1.arguev.的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:argumentn.1.[C]爭辯2.[U]爭論.辯論3.[C]論據(jù)▲搭配:

①arguewith/againstsb.over/on/aboutsth.與某人爭辯某事②arguefor/againststh.辯論贊成/反對某事

③arguethat...主見,認(rèn)為,爭論說

④arguesbinto/outofdoingsth.說服某人做/不做某事

▲友情提示:“說服某人做/不做某事”還可表達(dá)為:talk/persuade/o/outofdoingsth.

⑤settletheargument解決爭端

▲友情提示:anargumentwithsbabout/oversth.為某事和某人而發(fā)生的爭吵

【考例】Whatlaughing____wehadaboutthesociallyrespectablemethodformovingspaghetti(意大利式細(xì)面條)fromplatetomouth.(201*全國卷I)A.speechesB.lessonsC.sayingsD.arguments[考察目標(biāo)]argue名詞形式的詞義。

[答案與解析]Dargument的詞義是“爭論,辯論”。2.comparev.的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:comparisonn.比擬

▲搭配:①compare...to...比較;比作②compare...with/to...將和相比擬③comparenotes對筆記;交換意見

【考例】____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.(201*湖北)

A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared[考察目標(biāo)]compare的用法。

[答案與解析]D本句compare用在句首作狀語,并有“被比擬”的意思。3.considerv.的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:considerationn.考慮,思索;體諒,顧及

▲搭配:①considerdoingsth.考慮做某事②considersb(tobe/as)...認(rèn)為/覺得某人③considerthat-clause認(rèn)為④takesthintoconsideration考慮⑤underconsideration在考慮中

【考例】CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.(NMET1993)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented

[考察目標(biāo)]consider的幾種常見用法。

[答案與解析]Cconsider本身是被動語態(tài)時,后接不定式的各種構(gòu)造。假如表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情.用不定式的完成形式。4.desertedadj.空無一人的;被遺棄的;被拋棄的

(1)空無一人的adesertedstreet/area空無一人的街道,地區(qū);Theofficewasquitedeserted.辦公室里空無一人。

(2)被遺棄的adesertedchild被遺棄的孩子(3)desert[“dezot]n.沙漠

desert[dI“zo:t]vt.丟棄;遺棄

Hedesertedhiswifeandchildrenafterbecomingrich.

5.difficultyn.

(1)difficulty(通常作復(fù)數(shù))難事,難點(diǎn),難題Shemetwithmanydifficultieswhentravelling.(2)在以下句型中,difficulty是不行數(shù)名詞,不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。have(some)difficulty(in)doingsth.干某事有困難

thereis(some)difficulty(in)doingsth.have(some)difficultywithsth.在某事上有困難

thereis(some)difficultywithsth.

dosth.withdifficulty/withoutdifficulty困難地/輕而易舉地做某事Wehadalotofdifficultyinfindingyourhouse.DoyouhaveanydifficultywithyourEnglish?

【留意】

(1)以上句型中,difficulty前可加some,little,much,alotof,no,any修飾(2)以上句型中,亦可用trouble來代替difficulty。6.favourite=favorite(A.E)最寵愛的;最寵愛的人或事物(1)adj.最寵愛的Myfavoritesportisplayingfootball.

(2)n.[C]最寵愛的人或事物Heisafavoritewithhisuncle.7.fun的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:funnyadj.好玩的.滑稽的,好笑的;奇怪的,奇怪的

▲搭配:

①makefunof取笑;嘲弄;開某人的玩笑

②(just)for/infun=(just)forthefunofit取樂,非仔細(xì)地,說/做著玩的③befulloffun很好玩

④havefunwithsb.和某人開一個玩笑

⑤have(some)fun玩得(很)快樂,玩得(很)快樂

⑥It“s(great)funtodosth干某事很好玩;干某事真是一件趣事;干某事真快樂⑦Whatfun(itis)todosth!干某事多么好玩呀!⑧havealotoffundoingsth干某事玩得很快樂

【考例】(200上海春招)Thisisnotamatch.We“replay-ingchessjustfor____.A.habitB.hobbyC.funD.game[考察目標(biāo)]fun構(gòu)成的短語forfun的意思。

[答案與解析]C,forfun常在句中用作狀語,意思是“說/做著玩的”。8.imagine的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:①imaginationn.[C/U]想像,想像力,想像的事物②imaginativeadj.富有想像力的

▲搭配:①imaginesth/doingsth②beyond(all)imagination(完全)出乎意料地【考例】IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.(MET1991)A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed[考察目標(biāo)]imagine的根本用法。

[答案與解析]Cimagine后接動詞的-ing形式,本句的Peter是這個動名詞的規(guī)律主語。9.interest的用法

interestvt.使感興趣n.興趣,愛好[U]利息;利潤Hehasagreatinterestinpolitics.他對政治極感興趣。/abroadinterest廣泛的利益/acommoninterest共同的利益/astronginterest極強(qiáng)的興趣

▲構(gòu)詞:①interesting令人感興趣的(事物)②interested(某人對某事)有興趣的

▲搭配:①interestsbinsth使某人留意,關(guān)懷或參入某事;使某人對某事感興趣②beinterestedin對感興趣(關(guān)懷)③haveaninterestinsth./indoingsth.對某方面有興趣(關(guān)懷);在中有股份、權(quán)益等④holdone“sinterest吸引住某人的興趣⑤intheinterest(s)of為利益;為起見;對有利⑥loseinterestin對不再感興趣⑦show/take(an)interestin/indoingsth.對表示關(guān)懷(有興趣)⑧have/take/feelnointerestin對不(不太)感興趣⑨withinterest有興趣地,津津有味地⑩develop/find/feelinterestinsth./indoingsth.在某方面培育/有興趣?loseinterestinsth./indoingsth.對某方面失去興趣

有時interest可與不定冠詞連用。Hedevelopedaninterestinscience.

另外:interest作“愛好”解時,是可數(shù)名詞。Hisinterestsincludereadingandtennis.【考例】____,theyimmediatelysuggestedthatsheputthemtogethertomakeasingleonelongstoryandpaidTracya$50,000advance.(201*全國卷II)A.InterestedB.AnxiouslyC.SeriouslyD.Encouraged

[考察目標(biāo)]interest派生詞的詞義和用法。

[答案與解析]Ainterested指(出版商)對這件事有興趣。10.prove的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:①proofn.證據(jù)。試驗,考驗,(印刷)校樣

▲搭配:①provesthtosb向某人證明②provetosbthat從句向某人證明③prove(oneself)tobe證明(自己)是,表現(xiàn)出

【考例】ItwasintheneighboringcountryUnitedStatesthatsuchresistancetospraywasfirst____.(05長春模擬)

A.provedB.killedC.thoughtD.discussed

[考察目標(biāo)]考察prove的意思。

[答案與解析]A此題wasproved的意思是“得到證明”,有被動意味。

11.provide的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:①providern.供應(yīng)者,供給者,養(yǎng)家者②provided/providingconj.如果▲搭配:providesbwithsth/sthtosb給供應(yīng);以裝備

【考例】Hisson____theoldmanwithallthefoodandthemoneyheneeded.A.providedB.fedC.affordedD.charred

[考察目標(biāo)]考察provide的詞義。

[答案與解析]Aprovide與with搭配,意思是“向某人供應(yīng)某物”。

12.share的用法▲搭配:①share(in)sth.withsth.和某人共享、分擔(dān)、共用某物②sharesth(out)between/among...將某物安排、分給③sharejoys/happinessandsorrows(withsb)(和某人)同甘共苦④shareone“sopinion同意某人的意見

【考例】LetHarryplaywithyourtoysaswell,Clareyoumustlearnto____.(NMET201*)A.supportB.careC.spareD.share[考察目標(biāo)]此題主要考察在語境中選擇動詞的力量。

[答案與解析]D四個選項的含義分別為:support支持;care在意,關(guān)懷;spare擠出(時間),勻出某物;share共享,分擔(dān),與某人合用。依據(jù)語境可知說話者是想讓Clare學(xué)會與人共享把玩具(拿出來)和Harry一起玩,share在此意為“合用玩具”,解此題的關(guān)鍵是信息playwithyourtoysaswell。故D為最正確答案。13.solve的用法

▲構(gòu)詞:solutionn.1.[C](問題的)解答;(困難的)解決方法2.[U]解答,解決3.[U]溶解▲搭配:thesolutionto解決的方法

【考例3】Intheend,onesuggestionseemstobethesolution____theproblem.(201*北京春招)

A.withB.intoC.forD.to

[考察目標(biāo)]solve名詞solution的相關(guān)搭配。[答案與解析]D“對于的解決方法”,介詞用to。

14.totaln./adj.全部(的)

(1)intotal加起來Intotal,theremusthavebeen201*0peoplethere.(2)atotalof總共Hisexpenses(支出)reachedatotalof$100.(3)thetotalof...的總數(shù)Thetotal0fthebillis230dollars.15.whenconj.

when并列連詞,=andthen,表示“就在那時,突然”,常見以下句型中:

(1)bedoing...when...正在做突然Iwaswanderingthroughthestreetswhenlcaughtsightofatailor“sshop.

(2)haddone...when...剛做了突然Ihadjustsatdownwhenthelightwentout.(3)beabouttodo...when...剛要做突然Iwasjustabouttogoswimmingwhenourguidesawmeandshoutedatme.

16.whileconj.

(1)while附屬連詞,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,從句動詞用連續(xù)性動詞,主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作發(fā)生的過程之中。Comeon,getthesethingsawaywhileImakethetea.

(2)并列連詞,表前后兩個分句意義相反或相對,意為“然而”。Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven“tenough.

(3)放在句首,表示“盡管;雖然”,相當(dāng)于although。Whilewedon“tagree,wecontinuetobefriendly.

[牛刀小試1]用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:

(compare,interest,fun,solve,argue,consider,share)

1.Allthenovelsareconsidered____theyoungreadersinthe1980s.(tohaveinterested)2.Bobthoughtit____tosolvemathsproblemswhileothershatedit.(fun)

3.Theheadmasterignoredthe____betweenMrs.Wangandhisnephew.(argument)4.Wecan“tdecide.Theplanneedstobe____.(considered)

5.____withClassTwo,ourshasmoreboystudents.(Compared)

6.Ifindabetterway____thisproblem.(tosolve)

7.Nearlyhalfofthecompanies____thesameopinionwiththegovernment.(share/shared)【詞語比擬】1.especially,specially

especiallyadv.特別地;尤其是

(1)側(cè)重于多種事物或人中比擬突出的。Ilikeallthesubjectsatschool,especiallyEnglish.(尤其是英語)

(2)especially后可接介詞短語或從句。IliketheYueluMountains,especiallyinspring.(尤其是在春天)Noiseisunpleasant,especiallywhenyouaretryingtosleep.specially側(cè)重特意地、特地地做某事(后面常接forsb.或todosth.)Imadeachocolatecakespeciallyforyou.2.boring,bored,bore

boringadj.令人厭煩的Thebookisveryboring.boredadj.感到厭煩的I“mboredwiththebook.borevt.令人厭煩Thisbookboresme.

有些表示情感的及物動詞,有與bore類似的用法。如:interest,excite,surprise,amaze,frighten,astonish,move,inspire,touch,scare,disappoint,puzzle,worry這類詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式,為“令人”;過去分詞形式,為“感到”。3.exceptfor,except,but,besides

表示“除了”的詞或短語有:except;but;exceptfor;besides;exceptthat(when...)等。(1)except和but都表示“除了之外。沒有”,二者大多數(shù)狀況下可以互換;但在no,all,nobody,nothing,noone等詞后多用but。Nooneknowsourteacher“saddressexcept/buthim.(排解him)

(2)besides除之外,還,有附加性。WhatotherforeignlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish?(English與otherlanguages都屬于know的范圍)

(3)exceptfor只不過,整體確定,局部修正,用于排解非同類事物,for表示細(xì)節(jié)上的修正。Yourarticleiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.4.know,knowof,knowabout

(1)know用作動詞,意思是“(直接地)獲知,懂得,熟悉,熟識”。Idon“tknowwhetherheishereornot./Iknowhimtobehonest.

(2)knowof和knowabout的意思都是“(間接地)獲知”,指聽別人說到或從書報上看到,二者沒有什么區(qū)分。5.forexample;suchas

(1)forexample“例如”,用來舉例說明某一論點(diǎn)或狀況。一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個”為例,作插入語,可位于句首、句中或句末??捎胒orinstance替換。Forexample,airisinvisible./Hisspellingisterrible!Lookatthisword,forexample.(2)suchas“例如”,用來列舉事物,一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間,as后面不行有逗號。SomeoftheEuropeanLanguagescomefromLatin,suchasFrench,ItalianandSpanish.

[留意]如把前面所述狀況全部舉出,用thatis或namely。☆短語歸納☆1.含all的短語

1)firstofall首先(強(qiáng)調(diào)挨次)2)inall(=intotal=altogether)總共3)afterall究竟,終究4)atall究竟,根本

5)aboveall最重要的是(強(qiáng)調(diào)重要性)6)not(...)atall(=not(...)intheleast)根本不,一點(diǎn)也不7)allthetime始終,始終

8)allofasudden(=suddenly)突然,冷不防9)allright行,可以

10)allatonce立劉,立刻11)alldayandallnight日日夜夜12)allover普及

13)allalone獨(dú)個兒,獨(dú)立地14)allbut幾乎,差一點(diǎn)15)allinall總的說來

16)alltogether一道,同時,總共17)forall盡管

[例句]Iwokeupanddidn“thearhimatall.我醒了,一點(diǎn)兒也沒有聽到他說話。/Hehadsomanyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover.他摔了許多跤,以至于渾身青一塊紫一塊的。/Youshouldn“tscoldher.Afterall,sheisonlyfiveyearsold.你不應(yīng)當(dāng)責(zé)備他,究竟,她只有五歲。/Childrenneedmanythings,butaboveall,theyneedlove.孩子需要很多東西,最重要的是,需要愛。/Youmusthaveknownitallthetime.你肯定始終知道這事。

【考例】PeoplemayhavedifferentopinionsaboutKaren,butIadmireher.____,sheisagreatmusician.(201*甘肅、青海)

A.AfterallB.AsaresultC.InotherwordsD.Asusual[考察目標(biāo)]主要考察四個短語的用法。

[答案與解析]Aafterall意為“究竟.終究”;asaresult意為“結(jié)果”;inotherwords意為“換句話說”;asusual意為“像平常一樣”。本句意思是:雖然人們對她看法不一。但我還是佩服她。由于她究竟是一個宏大的音樂家。

【考例】I“dliketobuyahouse--modern,comfortable,and____inaquietneighborhood.(201*福建)

A.inallB.aboveallC.afterallD.atall

[考察目標(biāo)]主要考察all構(gòu)成的四個短語。[答案與解析]Binall意為“總共”;aboveall意為“最重要的是”;afterall意為“究竟”;atall意為“究竟”。本句話意思是:我想買一個房子,現(xiàn)代的、舒適的,但最重要的是在一個寧靜的地區(qū)。2.atall

(1)用在確定句中,“竟然”I“msurprisedthatyoucameatall.(2)用在否認(rèn)句中,“一點(diǎn)也不”Therewasnothingtoworryaboutatall.(3)用在疑問句中,“究竟”“畢竟”Haveyoubeenthereatall?(4)用在條件句中,“真的,的確”Ifyoudoitatall,doitwell.3.含“be+形容詞+介詞”的短語1)begoodat擅長于

2)beinterestedin對感興趣

3)bepleased/satisfied/contentwith對滿足4)befamousfor因而知名5)bekind/goodto對好6)belostin沉湎于

7)beactivein在某方面積極8)besureabout/of確信9)beafraidof可怕10)befullof布滿11)befilledwith布滿

12)bemadeof/from由組成13)begenerousto對大方14)bepopularwith受歡送15)beconfidentof確信16)befondof喜愛,寵愛

17)beangrywith/at對發(fā)脾氣18)belatefor遲到

19)beamazed/surprised/astonished/shockedat對感到驚異20)bebusydoing忙著做

21)beexcitedabout對感到興奮22)beworriedabout擔(dān)憂23)beusedfor/as用于

24)becuriousabout對奇怪

[例句]LinLinisconfidentofhisabilitytogetworkforhimself.林林確信自己有力量做這活。Hewasgeneroustoeverybodywithmoney,asaresult,hesavedlittle.他對誰花錢都很大方,結(jié)果沒有攢到多少錢。Sheisveryactiveinhelpingthepoor.在幫忙窮人方面,她很熱心。Popmusicispopularwiththeyounggeneration.流行歌曲受年輕一代的歡送。Lostinthought,hedidn“trealizethatIcamein.他陷入思索之中,沒有意識到我進(jìn)來了。IwasamazedatthesightsothatIdidn“tknowwhattodo.看到這一幕我特別驚異,不知道該做什么。StudentsinSenior3arebusypreparingforthecomingfinalexam.高三學(xué)生在忙于預(yù)備馬上到來的期末考試?!究祭齦】(201*重慶)

--Youknow,Bobisalittleslow____understanding,so...--SoIhavetobepatient____him.

A.in;withB.on;withC.in;toD.at;for[考察目標(biāo)]同定搭配中介詞的選擇。

[答案與解析]Abeslowin意為“在方面反響遲鈍”,bepatientwith意為“對有急躁”。

4.endupwith...以完畢

(1)endupwith+n.以完畢

ThepartyendedupwiththesingingofAuldLangSyne.

(2)endupas...最終成為Hewillendupasapresidentsomeday.

(3)endup+地點(diǎn)狀語最終(有結(jié)局)Ifyoudriveyourcarlikethat,you“l(fā)lend(up)inhospital.

5.“make+名詞”短語①makeanoise吵鬧

②makefaces做鬼臉,做苦臉③makeroomfor給騰出地方④makethebed整理床鋪⑤makephonecalls打電話⑥makefriendswith交朋友⑦makemoney賺錢

⑧makeuseof利用

⑨makeadecision做出打算⑩makeamistake犯錯誤

[例句]Theboymadeafaceathisteacherwhensheturnedherback.教師轉(zhuǎn)身時,男孩朝教師做了個鬼臉。

Workinginthekitchenmadetheboyintoagoodcook.在廚房里干活使男孩成為一位優(yōu)秀廚師。

Theyweremovedouttoanearbyhotel,tomakeroomformoreimportantpersons.為了給更重要的人物騰出

地方,他們被搬到了四周的一家旅店。

【考例】TheideapuzzledmesomuchthatIstoppedforafewsecondstotryto____.(201*北京春招)

A.makeitoutB.makeitoffC.makeitupD.makeitover[考察目標(biāo)]主要考察make短語。

[答案與解析]Amakeout意為“領(lǐng)悟、弄明白、發(fā)覺真相”makeoff意為“趕忙跑掉”;makeup意為“彌補(bǔ)、裝扮、組成”;makeover意為“轉(zhuǎn)讓、改造”。由于受到迷惑,所以應(yīng)當(dāng)是試圖發(fā)覺真相?!究祭?/p>

--Whenshallwestart?

--Let“s____itat8:30.Isthatallright?(201*北京)A.setB.meetC.makeD.take[考察目標(biāo)]此題主要考察make短語。

[答案與解析]Cmakeit“規(guī)定時間”為固定短語。本句話意思是“把動身的時間定在8點(diǎn)半”。set意思是“對時間”、“調(diào)時間”。6.makefire點(diǎn)火

有以下fire(n.)短語:beonfire著火了(表示狀態(tài))/catchfire燃著;著火(表示動作)/playwithfire玩火;干冒險的事/Setsth.onfire=setfiretosth.放火燒/make(a)fire點(diǎn)火;生火/start(cause)afire引起火災(zāi)

[留意]fire作“火災(zāi)”“一堆火”解時,為可數(shù)名詞。7.agreat/goodmany很多

(1)agreat/goodmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù),中間無“of”。Agreatmanypeoplehaveseenthefilm.(2)agreat/goodmany+of+the/these/those/one“s+名詞復(fù)數(shù)Agreatmanyofthepeoplehaveseenthefilm.

8.makeyourselfathome別拘束

(1)makeyourselfathome別拘束(仆人對客人說的委婉語)--Goodevening,Jim.--Goodevening,Mary.Comeinandmakeyourselfathome.

(2)(all)byoneself單獨(dú)(沒有別人幫忙)Youcan“tpossiblydoitallbyyourself.

(3)enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得快樂Pleaseenjoyyourselfwhileyou“respendingyourholidayinHawaii.

(4)foroneself親自;為自己Thestudentwantstothinkitforhimself./Oneshouldnotliveforoneselfalone.

(5)ofoneself自動地Thedoorclosedofitselfsuddenly.(6)beoneself身體或心情好Iamnotmyselftoday.

(7)helponeselfto+n./pron.任憑Pleasehelpyourselftothefish.(8)inoneself本身Thisisnotabadideainitself.

(9)cometooneself清醒Theinjuredmancametohim-selfinfiveminutes.(10)betweenourselves私下說的話Allthisisbetweenourselves.

9.themajorityof...大多數(shù)的

(1)a/themajorityof+名詞復(fù)數(shù),作主語時,謂語動詞多用復(fù)數(shù)。themajority單獨(dú)作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。Themajorityofpeopleseemtopreferwatchinggamestoplayinggames./Themajoritywere(was)infavouroftheproposal.

(2)byamajorityof+數(shù)字,以超過票的多數(shù)Shewontheelectionbyamajorityof900votes.

10.treatas把看做Thekindladytreatedmeasherowndaughter.【比擬】表示“認(rèn)為”的短語還有:

regard…as…consider…(as)…thinkof…as…

lookon/upon…as…take…for…

[留意]在consideras短語中as可省略,其他短語中不行。

[牛刀小試2]

1.Ifyouare____aboutAustraliancities,justreadthebookwrittenbyDr.Johnson.A.interestedB.anxiousC.upsetD.curious

2.Herson,____whomshewasso____,wentabroad10yearsago.A.of;lovedB.for;cared

C.to;devotedD.on;affected

3.Inordertocontinuetolearnbyourselveswhenwehaveleftschool,wemust____learnhowtostudyintheschoolnow.

A.inallB.afterallC.aboveallD.atall4.--IamsorryIdidn“tdoagoodjob.

--Nevermind.____,youhavetriedyourbest.

A.AboveallB.InallC.AtallD.Afterall

5.Sincewecan“tfindabiggerapartment,we“l(fā)lhaveto____whatwehave.A.hopeforthebestB.makeroomforC.makethebestofD.layourhopeon(DCCDC)

【句型歸納】

1.Idon“tenjoysinging,nordoIlikecomputers.我不喜愛唱歌,也不喜愛電腦。/RockmusicisOK,andsoisskiing.搖滾音樂還可以,滑雪也行。

這兩句中nor與so用于倒裝構(gòu)造。例如:Idon“tknow,nordoIcare.我不知道,也不關(guān)懷。so的常見句型有:

(1)so+be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語(意為“主語也”)

(2)neither/nor+be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語(意為“主語也不”)

(3)soitis/waswithsb/sth和soitis/wasthesamewithsb/sth(意為“主語也”)(用在前文有兩個或以上的從句,而且分句有不同的謂語或既有確定又有否認(rèn)以及既有系動詞義有行為動詞的狀況)

(4)so+主語+be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞(意為“主講的確如此”),表示進(jìn)一步確定。(5)主語+did+so(意為“主語根據(jù)叮囑做了”)。

【考例】Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,____.(201*全國III)A.sodoesJohnB.JohndoestooC.Johndoesn“ttooD.nordoesJohn

[考察目標(biāo)]nor表示“也不”引導(dǎo)的倒裝構(gòu)造。

[答案與解析]D由never可以推斷該句為否認(rèn)句??崭裉幘湟鉃椤凹s翰也沒讀書”。nor,so,neither可引起倒裝句。

2.Chuckisabusinessmanwhoisalwayssobusythathehaslittletimeforhisfriends.查克是個生意人,他總是那么忙,幾乎沒有時間和朋友在一起。

該句中so...that...和such...that...都能連接結(jié)果狀講從句,但要留意詞序不同。例如:Joanissuchalonelygirlthatallofuslikeher.=Sheissolovelyagirlthatwealllikeher.常見句型:

(1)such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(2)such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(3)such+形容詞+不行數(shù)名詞+thatclause

(4)so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(5)so+形容詞/副詞+thatclause

(6)so+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatclause(7)so+much/little+不行數(shù)名詞+thatclause

留意:①當(dāng)little不表示數(shù)量“少”而表示“小”的意思時,仍舊要用such。②當(dāng)so+adj./adv.或such+n.位于句首時,主句需要倒裝。

【考例】Sodifficult____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.(201*上海)

A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel

[考察目標(biāo)]so+adj.位于句首時,主句倒裝。

[答案與解析]DA、C語序不對,排解。B時態(tài)不對。

3.OnedayChuckisonaflightacrossthePacificOceanwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashes.一天,查克在飛越太平洋時.他的飛機(jī)突然墜毀了。該句中的“when”表示“正在這時”,相當(dāng)于andjust或andatthattime.這時不能用while/as替換。

常見句型:(1)beabouttodosthwhen...(2)bedoingsthwhen...(3)beonthepointofdoingsthwhen...

【考例】Wewereswimminginthelake____suddenlythestormstarted.(201*北京春招)A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before[考察目標(biāo)]“when“作連詞,表示“正在這時”。

[答案與解析]A意為“我正在湖中游泳,突然暴風(fēng)雨來了。”只有when才能用于這種句型。4.Hehastolearnhowtocollectwater,huntforfood,andmakefire.他不得不學(xué)會收集淡水.查找食物,生火什么的。

該句中的“howItocollect...”為動詞不定式短語作賓語。例如:Wemustdecidewhichonetobuy.疑問詞which,what,how,when,where等與小定式構(gòu)成不定式短語。

【考例】I“veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknewwhat____inmynewjob.(NMET201*)A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects[考察目標(biāo)]whattodosth不定式短語作賓語。[答案與解析]B該句需要填非謂語動詞。排解A、D。句意為“以前我與孩子在一塊兒工作過。因此我知道我的新工作需要什么。”C不表示進(jìn)展,排解C。

5.Inordertosurvive,ChuckdevelopedafriendshipwithanunusualfriendavolleyballhecalledWilson.為了生存下去,查克和一位不尋常的朋友--“排球”建立了友情,查克叫他威爾森。

1.該句中的“inorderto“,意思為“為了,以便”,作目的狀語。在句子中作同的狀語的常見句型有五種構(gòu)造:todosth/inordertodosth/soastodosth/inorderthatclause/sothatclause

留意:(1)soastodosth不能位于句首。(2)假如主句與從句的主語全都時,四個構(gòu)造可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。(3)在inorderthat/sothat引導(dǎo)的從句中,謂語動詞常與can,could,may,might等情態(tài)動詞連用。

【考例】(201*北京)I“dliketoarrive20minutesearly____Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat[考察目標(biāo)]目的狀語。

[答案與解析]Dassoonas“一就”;asaresult“結(jié)果是”;incase“萬一”;sothat“以便,為的是”。句意:“我想提前二非常鐘到以便有時間喝杯茶”。2.該句子中volleyball是作同位語。例如:Headvisedfarmerstochoosethebestseed-heads,theonesthathadthebestcolor.

留意:這種同位語(不是同位語從句)與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)分。

【考例】(NMET201*)Meetingmyuncleaftertheseyearswasanunforgottenmoment,____Iwillalwaystreasure.

A.thatB.oneC.itD.what[考察目標(biāo)]one作同位語,指代amoment。

[答案與解析]Bthat不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,排解A;if不能作同位語,排解C;what既不能引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句,也不能作同位語??梢蕴顆hich,這樣就成了非限制性定語從句。

6.ForalongtimethelanguageinAmericastayedthesame,whilethelanguageinEnglandchanged.長期以來,美國英語保持不變,但英國英語變化了。1.該句中的“while“用作并列連詞.表示前后比照,意為“然而”?!皐hile“充當(dāng)連詞,還能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。意為“duringthetimethat”;引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“although”。2.該句中的“stay“為系動詞。后接表語(thesame)。除了stay外,常見的系動詞還有:become,get,turn,grow,go,come,run,fall,keep,stay,remain。

【考例】(NMET201*)Whydon“tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwill____freshforseveraldays.

A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed[考察目標(biāo)]系動詞的用法。

[答案與解析]B系動詞沒有被動語態(tài),一般不用進(jìn)展

時態(tài),排解A、C;句意不是表示完成,排解D。系動詞表示狀態(tài)。7.forthefirsttime第一次

(1)forthefirsttime第一次,后面不加從句,在句中作狀語TheycametoBeijingforthefirsttime.

(2)thefirsttime名詞短語,在從句中充當(dāng)連詞,后接時間狀語從句,不接that,when等連詞。有同樣用法的短語還有:everytime;nexttime;thelasttimeTheylikedBeijingthefirsttimetheywentthere.(3)It“s/Thisisthefirsttimethat+從句(用現(xiàn)在完成時)這是的第一次It“sthefirsttimethatIhaveeverbeenabroadatall.8.Whatisitthat...?是什么?強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法:

(1)構(gòu)造:Itis/Itwas(過去時間)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that/who(專指人)+其他局部

(2)用法:除了謂語動詞不能強(qiáng)調(diào),句子的每局部均可強(qiáng)調(diào)。Jimmetthestudentinthestreetlastweek.

主語賓語地點(diǎn)狀語時間狀語

強(qiáng)調(diào)主語:ItwasJimwho/thatmetthestudentinthestreetlastweek.強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語:Itwasthestudentwhom/thatJimmetinthestreetlastweek.強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語:ItwasinthestreetthatJimmetthestudentlastweek.強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語:ItwaslastweekthatJimmetthestudentinthestreet.(3)留意點(diǎn):

一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句:

WasitDrWangwhospoketoyoujustnow?特別疑問句的強(qiáng)凋句:

Whoisitthatwillvisitourclass?Whereisitthathehasgone?Whenwasitthatshewent?

notuntil用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句:

ItwasnotuntilthenthatIrealizedIwaswrong.

[牛刀小試3]

1.--Iwouldneverevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible!--____.(201*廣西)

A.NoramIB.NeitherwouldI

C.SamewithmeD.SodoI

2.Wecan“timagine____littlemicecaneatup____manycropseveryyear.

A.so;soB.such;soC.such;suchD.so;so

3.Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark____shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.

A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.once

4.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovern-mentknows____.(NMET201*)A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit

5.Rosesneedspecialcare___theycanlivethroughwinter.(201*天津)

A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as(BBACB)

【交際速成】

1.Talkingaboutlikesanddislikes.談?wù)撓矏酆筒幌矏?-IenjoyChinesefoodverymuch.--____.(03東北三校)

A.PleasetastequicklyB.Havemore,please

C.HelpyourselfD.Eatslowlywhileitishot

[答案與解析]C此題主要考察詳細(xì)語境下“對事物喜好”的表達(dá)及應(yīng)答。A項不禮貌,B、D兩項屬漢語習(xí)慣,C項符合此時英語語境。

【歸納】英語中常見表達(dá)喜愛和不喜愛態(tài)度的用語有:(1)Thisbookisveryinteresting.

(2)Ilike/lovethemovie(verymuch).(3)Ilike/lovetoplaycomputergames.(4)Iliketakingphotos.

(5)Ienjoylisteningtomusic.

(6)I“minterestedinscience.Myhobbies/interestsare...(7)Heisfondofmusic.(8)Thissongisbad/awful.

(9)Idon“tlikethemovieverymuch/atall.(10)Idon“tenjoycollectingstamps.(11)Ihatetodohomework.Ihatedancing,(12)I“mnotintoclassicmusic.

(13)Ithinkthatclassicmusicisterrible/boring.2.Makingapologies賠禮

--I“msorryI“mcallingyousolate.--____Okay.(201*北京春招)

A.ThisisB.You“reC.That“sD.I“m

[答案與解析]C此題主要考察英語中賠禮及應(yīng)答用語。A、B、D三項不符合交際英語的習(xí)慣,故C項正確。

【歸納】英語中常見賠禮用語有:

(1)I“mverysorry.Ididn“tmeanto(hurtyourfeelings).(2)I“mterriblysorryaboutthat.

(3)I“mafraidI“vebroughtyoutoomuchtrouble.(4)Pleaseexcusemecominglate.(5)Pleaseforgiveme.(6)Excuseme,please.(7)Ibegyourpardon.應(yīng)答表達(dá)有:(1)That“s/It“sallright.(2)That“s/It“sOK.(3)Nevermind.(4)Itdoesn“tmatter.(5)It“snothing.(6)Forgetit.

(7)Don“tworryaboutthat.

(8)Don“tmentionit.

3.Talkingaboutlanguagedifficultiesincommunication談?wù)撜Z言交際困難--I“msorry.Ican“tcatchyou.____--OK,it“sBLACK.

A.Wouldyoupleasewalkslowly?B.Idon“tunderstandyou.

C.What“sthemeaningofthisword?D.Wouldyoupleaserepeatitmoreslowly?

[答案與解析]D此題主要考察語言交際困難的功能意念。catch在整個語境中是“聽見,聽清”的意思,A項錯誤理解了catch在此處的意思,B、C兩項語義不連貫,故正確答案是D?!練w納】英語中常見的談?wù)撜Z言交際困難的用語有:(1)Pardon?/Ibegyourpardon.(2)Sorry,Ican“tfollowyou.

(3)Canyouspeakmoreslowly,please?(4)Howdoyousay...inEnglish.“?

(5)Idon“tknowhowtosaythatinEnglish.(6)Idon“tknowthewordinEnglish.(7)Howdoyouspellit,please?(8)I“msorryIonlyknowalittleEnglish.

(9)Couldyourepeatthat,please?Couldyousaythatagain,please?

(10)Whatdoyoumeanbykillingtime?[牛刀小試4]

1.--____Ididn“thearyouclearly.It“stoonoisyhere.--Iwassayingthatthepartywasgreat.A.Repeat.B.Onceagain.C.Sorry?D.Sowhat?2.--Doyoulikeahousewithnogarden?

--____.Butanyhow,it“sbettertohaveonethannone.A.NotabitB.NotalittleC.NotreallyD.Notspecially

3.--I“msorryforsteppingonyourfoot?--____.A.It“sOKB.YouarewelcomeC.It“syourfaultD.Neveryoumind4.--Whatyousaidatthemeetinghurtmebadly!--Sorry.But____.

A.Ididn“tmeanitB.Ididn“tmeantoC.Idon“tmeanitD.Idon“tmeanto5.--Youseemtoshowinterestincooking.--____?Onthecontrary,I“mtiredofit.

A.ReallyB.PardonC.OKD.What(CCABD)

【精典題例】

1.--Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.

--____,and____.

A.Sohehas;sohaveyouB.Sohashe;sohaveyou

C.Sohehas;soyouhaveD.Sohashe;soyouhave【解析】選A答句中的he指David,不倒裝。“Sohaveyou”意為“你也一樣(取得了進(jìn)步)”。2.Little____whatothersthink.

A.doeshecareaboutB.careheaboutC.aboutheearedD.aboutcaredhe【解析】選Alittle為否認(rèn)副詞,置于句首時,句子使用局部倒裝。

3.Atschool,whatheenjoys____football.

A.playingB.toplayC.isplayingD.played

【解析】選Cwhatheenjoys為主語從句,謂語動詞為be,表語為playingfootball。不要誤以為playing是enjoy的賓語而誤選A。

4.Atthe____news,allthewomenpresentburstoutcrying.A.unexpectingB.disappointing

C.disappointedD.interesting【解析】選B聯(lián)系語境,全部在場的婦女都哭了,因此為disappointing“令人絕望的(消息)”。5.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret____someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when【解析】選D“when“表示“就在這時,突然”。6.Thewolfsaidina____voiceandthescholarfelt____.A.frightening;frightenedB.frightened;frightenedC.frightened;frighteningD.frightening;frightening【解析】選Afrightening“令人可怕”;frightened“感到可怕”。

7.I

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