直接引語和間接引語（21張PPT）

Theshoesaretoobigforme.Whatdidhesay?Hesaidtheshoesweretoobigforhim.2021/4/181Grammar直接引語和間接引語DirectandIndirectSpeech2021/4/182基本概念直接引述別人的原話。通常都用引號“”括起來。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。間接引語在多數(shù)情況下都構(gòu)成一個賓語從句。直接引語間接引語2021/4/1835.注意地點的變化在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時需要注意的變化1.注意時態(tài)的變化2.注意人稱變化。3.注意指示代詞的變化4.注意時間的變化6.注意個別趨向動詞的變化2021/4/184Iamgoodatdancing.IvisitedtheGreatWallyesterday.ShesaidshehadvisitedtheGreatWallthedaybefore.Shesaidshewasgoodatdancing.2021/4/185結(jié)論一直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時用連詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句.從句中的人稱,時態(tài),指示代詞,時間狀語,地點狀語等相應(yīng)變化.2021/4/186Doyoulikeflowers?Sheaskedmewhether/ifIlikedflowers?Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?SheaskedmewhereIweregoingformyholiday.2021/4/187Heordered/toldmetobequiet!Bequiet!Heordered/toldmenottomakenoise.Don’tmakenoise!Followme,please!Heaskedmetofollowhim.2021/4/188結(jié)論二直接引語是疑問句，變間接引語時，要從疑問語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。直接引語是一般疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,用連詞if或whether連接。直接引語是特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍用原來的疑問詞作連詞來引導(dǎo)。2021/4/189結(jié)論三直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語，把動詞原形變成動詞不定式，否定句，在動詞不定式前加not或never.并根據(jù)語氣的不同在動詞不定前加tell,ask,order,beg，advise等動詞。2021/4/1810口訣說明直接引語間接引語1、人稱的變化一隨主二隨賓三不變引號內(nèi)的第一人稱變間引后與主句主語的人稱保持一致引號內(nèi)的第二人稱變間引后與主句賓語的人稱保持一致引號內(nèi)的第三人稱在變間引后人稱不變Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新2021/4/1811直接引語和間接引語正誤例析1.

“Wheredoesyourchemistryteacherlive,Karen?”theyoungmanasked.

TheyoungmanaskedKarenwheredidherchemistryteacherlive.

TheyoungmanaskedKarenwhereherchemistryteacherlived

簡析:一般說來,直接引語是疑問句,將其變?yōu)殚g接引語時,原來的疑問語序要改為陳述語序。2021/4/18122.

“Ihavegainedthefirstplaceinthemathematicscompetition,”thelittleboysaidhappily.

Thelittleboysaidhappilythathehasgainedthefirstplaceinthemathematicscompetition.

Thelittleboysaidhappilythathehadgainedthefirstplaceinthemathematicscompetition.

簡析:直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,若主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時,從句的謂語動詞一般要用相應(yīng)的某種過去時態(tài),所以本句中的現(xiàn)在完成時應(yīng)改為過去完成時。

2021/4/18133.

“Lighttravelsfasterthansound,”thephysicsteachersaidtotheboysandgirls.

Thephysicsteachertoldtheboysandgirlsthatlighttraveledfasterthansound.

Thephysicsteachertoldtheboysandgirlsthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

簡析:直接引語為客觀真理、格言時,變?yōu)殚g接引語,時態(tài)無需改變。2021/4/18144.“Willyougototheconcertwithmethisevening?”Maryaskedme.

MaryaskedmethatIwouldgototheconcertwithherthatevening.

Maryaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgototheconcertwithherthatevening.

簡析:直接引語如果是一般疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,要用連詞whether或if引導(dǎo),而不用that。

2021/4/18155.“Whatdidyoudohereyesterday?”theoldmanaskedmybrother.

Theoldmanaskedmybrotherwhathehaddonehereyesterday.

Theoldmanaskedmybrotherwhathehaddonetherethedaybefore.

簡析:直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語一般也要作相應(yīng)改變,如

2021/4/1816Exercises1.Hesaid,“ImafraidIcan’tfinishthiswork.”2.Hesaid,“Ihaven’theardfromhimsinceMay.”

3.Tomsaid“Iwillseeyounextweek.”

Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn’tfinishthatwork.Hesaidthathehadn’theardfromhimsinceMay.Tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek.2021/4/18174.“Whywereyoulateagain?”Theteachersaidtome.

5.“Idon’tlikeswimming,”saidSarah.

6.HisfriendsaskedhimifhewouldgotoDalian.7.“HaveyoubeentoParis?”Myclassmateaskedme.TheteacheraskedmewhyIhadbeenlateagain.Sarahsaidshedidn’tlikeswimming.Hisfriendsaskedhim,“WillyougotoDalian?”MyclassmateaskedmeifIhadbeentoParis.2021/4/18181.Theteachersaid，“Don’tbelate，Mary.”

Theteachertold____.

A.MarynottobelateB.Marytobenotlate

C.Maryarenotlate

D.nottobelate2.Heaskedher，“Whereareyougoing?”Heaskedher____.A.wheresheweregoing

B.whereshewasgoingtoC.whereshewasgoing

D.wheresheisgoing鞏固提高2021/4/18193.Theladysaid，“Ishallgothereontime.”Theladysaidthat____.

A.shewouldcomethereontime

B.shewouldgothereontime

C.shewouldgothereontime

D.hewouldgothereontime4.Hesaidtome，“Iwrotetomyfatheryesterday.”Hetoldmehehadwrittentohisfather____.

A.theyesterday

B.beforetoday

C.thedaybeforeD.thenextday2021/4/18205.Theteacherasked，“Areyouwaitingforthebus?”Theteacherasked____forthebus.

A.ifIwaswaiting

B.wasIwaitingC.youarewaiting

D.Iwaswaiting6.Theprofessorsaidthatlight____fasterthansound.

A.travels