鄭如薇考研英語(yǔ)二大作文素材課稿

考研大作文Tei

獨(dú)家奉獻(xiàn)的大作文-致考研一族終生有效！開(kāi)頭段：Itcanbeseenfromthechartthat…Whatcanbeseenfromthechatis…Whatisclearlypresentedinthechartisthenumberchangesof…Whatisclearlypresentedinthetableis…主體段:Thereareseveralreasonsaccountingforthisvariation.Tobeginwith…,ontheotherhand….Whydoesthisphenomenonappear?Ithinkthereareseveralpossiblereasonsaccountingforthis.Firstofall,….Inaddition,….Whatismore(worse),….Itisnotdifficulttocomeupwithsomepossiblefactorsaccountingforthischange.Onetheonehand,….Ontheotherhand,….Itisnotdifficulttocomeupwithsomepossiblefactorsaccountingforthistrend.Tobeginwith,….What’smore,….Ontheonehand,…..Ontheotherhand,….Itisnotdifficulttocomeupwithsomepossiblefactorsaccountingforthisphenomenon.Thefirstoneis….Inaddition,itmustbepointedoutthat….Thelastfactorthatmayberesponsibleforthissituationisthat…結(jié)尾段:Frommypointofview,….anditisadvisableforeachpersonto….Onlybythejointeffortofcompanyandemployees,cansatisfactionrateofjobandproductivitysurelyrise.Giventheanalysesabove,Ifirmlybelievethat…Duetotheanalysisabove,thistrendwillcontinueforquiteawhileinthefuture.Anditshouldbepointedoutthat…Afterwhatwehavediscussedabove,wemaysafelycometotheconclusionthat…,thisestablishedtrendwillcontinueforquiteawhileintheforthcomingyears.Afterwhatwehavediscussedabove,wemaysafelycometotheconclusionthat…,thisestablishedtrendwillcontinueforquiteawhileintheforthcomingyears.主體段介紹數(shù)據(jù)或描述變化趨勢(shì)的常用詞一網(wǎng)打盡每組最多背3個(gè)就足夠，例句也要看圖表題的類型考研二的圖表主要有5種類型：Table表格題Linegraph線圖（包括直線圖和曲線圖）Barchart柱狀圖（也叫條形圖）Piechart餅狀圖圖表題是客觀性寫(xiě)作決定成敗的準(zhǔn)備工作是否能仔細(xì)審題看圖一定要看清楚單位，如果圖上標(biāo)出了”grams”,“percentage”，“units”,“milliontonnes”，“billions”等這樣的單位要記得抄進(jìn)文章里，否則數(shù)量級(jí)就徹底全錯(cuò)了。需要注意的是：有時(shí)圖里面寫(xiě)的單位是thousands,millions,billions這樣的復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是當(dāng)你在作文里具體介紹數(shù)值時(shí)，都必須把它們改成單數(shù)形式，去掉s，例如2million,90billion等。絕不能寫(xiě)2millionsx,90billionsx這樣的錯(cuò)誤形式。動(dòng)詞部表示上升的動(dòng)詞Goup(wentup)increase(increased)Rise(rose)grow(grew)其中，increase&rise可作名詞用。另外“經(jīng)歷了一段上升的趨勢(shì)、經(jīng)歷了一段下降的趨勢(shì)”還可以用固定短語(yǔ):Experienceanupwardtrend/experienceadownwardtrend表示下降的動(dòng)詞:Decline(declined，但是在小作文里decline是不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Fall(fell)drop(dropped)Dip(dipped)decrease(decreased)其中，這4個(gè)詞也經(jīng)常用于做名詞用。例句:Afterslightincreases,hydropowerhasfallenbacktothe1980figure.Fallbackto:對(duì)于描述數(shù)據(jù)升高后又回到接近于原數(shù)值的低點(diǎn)很有用。Thefiguresdroppedsteadilyoverthenexttenyears.表示上升或下降的幅度是多少，請(qǐng)您堅(jiān)定地使用介詞by.而且用by表示漲跌幅時(shí)它的后面跟具體的數(shù)字或者跟百分比均可。1.Localfixedlinecallswerethehighestthroughouttheperiod,risingfrom72billionminutesin1995tojustunder90billionin1998.（from…to…的結(jié)構(gòu)是強(qiáng)調(diào)上升或下降的起點(diǎn)數(shù)值與終點(diǎn)數(shù)值分別是多少）2.Consumptionofnuclearenergyroseby3quadrillionunits.(by是強(qiáng)調(diào)上升的幅度是多少，在這里By后面跟的變化幅度是具體數(shù)值）3.Exportofgoodsfellby1.6%inthefourthquarterof2012.（by在這里是強(qiáng)調(diào)下降的幅度是多少，by后面跟的是變化幅度的百分比）4.Milkproductiondeclinedby15%inthelatesummermonths.表示由…組成的短語(yǔ)BemadeupofConsistof(這個(gè)詞組永遠(yuǎn)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）BecomposedofComprise/becomprisedof表示波動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞Fluctuate（注意它永遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）經(jīng)常搭配為:fluctuatebetween…and…名詞形式:fluctuationConsumptionhasfluctuatedsince1990butbothnowprovide24q.Despitesomeinitialfluctuation,from1995therewasasteadyincrease.表示經(jīng)歷了某種變化的及物動(dòng)詞SeeExperienceWitnessThecostoffurnitureandequipmentsawanoppositetrend.(seeanoppositetrend表示呈現(xiàn)出相反的趨勢(shì))TheunemploymentrateinEuroexperiencedasharpincreasefrom2.5%toapproximatelyinthelate1970s表示占多少份額的動(dòng)詞(含有百分比或者份額的題必用，尤其是piechart)accountforMakeupRepresentConstituteThiscostdecreasedtoonly5%oftotalexpenditurein1991butrosedramaticallyin2001whenitrepresented23%oftheschoolbudget.Commercialbuildingsaccountedfor32%oftotalenergyconsumptionin2007.表示對(duì)將來(lái)數(shù)字的預(yù)測(cè)的及物動(dòng)詞ExpectPredictProject這3個(gè)動(dòng)詞都是以被動(dòng)形式出現(xiàn)，盡管是介紹未來(lái)的數(shù)字，但是be動(dòng)詞還是以isorare出現(xiàn)常用句型：主語(yǔ)+isexpectedto/isprojectedto/ispredictedto…

Thisisexpectedtocontinue,reaching47qin2030.Coalispredictedtoincreasesteadilyto31qin2030.whileafter2014,gaswillremainstableat25q.表示形容詞和副詞部表示急劇的形容詞Sharp–sharplyRapid-rapidlyDramatic-dramaticallyTherewasadramaticincreaseinmobilecallsfrom2billionto46billionminutes.表示持續(xù)的形容詞Gradual-graduallyContinuous–continuouslySteady–steadilySlowConsistent-consistentlyConsistently:持續(xù)地gradually/steadily:持續(xù)地而且是平穩(wěn)地例句：Coalispredictedtoincreasesteadilyto31qin2030,whereasafter2014,gaswillremainstableat25q.Despitesomeinitialfluctuation,from1995therewasasteadyincrease.Coffeeproductiondroppedcontinuouslybymorethan30%overthefiveyearsbetween2004and2009.表示顯著的，大幅度的形容詞Significant-significantlySubstantial-substantiallyConsiderable-considerablyNoticeable–noticeablyMarked-markedlyTheconsumptionoffastfoodalsodeclined,butmuchlesssignificantly.Thegapbetweenthethreecategorieshadnarrowedconsiderablyoverthesecondhalfoftheperiod.Thisrisewasparticularlynoticeablebetween1999and2002,duringwhichtimetheuseofmobilephonestripled.表示非常小幅度的形容詞Slight-slightlyMarginalMinimalAfterslightincreases,hydropowerhasfallenbacktothe1980figure.Itisexpectedtomaintainthisleveluntil2030,whiletheothersshouldriseslightlyafter2025.Italy’sspendingonpersonalstereosisonlymarginallygreaterthanthatofGermany.TheimpactofthisonNorthAmericawasminimal,withonly0.2%oflandaffected.表示大約的副詞或短語(yǔ)AboutAroundApproximatelyJustoverJustunderIn1940theproportionofpeopleaged65andoverstoodatapproximately7%inSweden.Localfixedlinecallswerethehighestthroughouttheperiod,risingfrom72billionminutesin1995tojustunder90billionin1998.主體段首句的寫(xiě)法請(qǐng)牢記：小作文主體段第一句話（overview）的作用是：（1）概括該圖里的總體變化趨勢(shì)（2）概括該圖包含幾個(gè)部分一：如果圖里存在著時(shí)間推移，那么段首句就概括該圖形的總體變化趨勢(shì)（是整體上升，整體下降還是整體波動(dòng)）二：如果圖里并不存在時(shí)間推移，那么段首句就概括該圖形由幾個(gè)部分組成如何找素材考生經(jīng)常寫(xiě)錯(cuò)的單詞有（friend,foreign,receive,benefit,achieve,modern,research,necessary,important,dangerous,knowledge,experience,convenience,competition,government,environment,advertisement)Academicwriting我們一起來(lái)改錯(cuò)1.Somepeoplearguethatcitizensshouldn’tberesponsiblefortheirownmedicalcosts.改錯(cuò)：寫(xiě)作里不接受縮寫(xiě)形式。Shouldn’t應(yīng)改為shouldnot,I’m改為Iam，can’t改為cannot,中間是沒(méi)有空格，比如劍8p163例句：Thereforethiscannotbetheresponsibilityoftheparentsalone.2.Scientistshavepresentedlotsofevidenceforclimatechange.修改：lotsof是口語(yǔ)表達(dá)，寫(xiě)作里修飾可數(shù)名詞用Many/numerous/alargenumberof。修飾不可數(shù)名詞用alargeamountof。3Theimpactoftourismonthesetraditionalneighborhoodsshouldbeanalysed.修改：不能接受英美拼寫(xiě)在同一篇里混用。英式-se結(jié)尾時(shí)美式是-ze。英式our單詞美式是or，英式經(jīng)典的tre結(jié)尾美式是ter.4.Youngpeople’scrimesshouldbetotallystopped.修改：youngpeople’scrime-youthcrimeTotallystopped-effectivelyprevented5.Theadvantagesofspaceresearcharemorethanthedisadvantages.修改：考試中aremorethan沒(méi)有特色，應(yīng)改為outweigh。6.比較級(jí)isbecomingheavierandheavier應(yīng)改為increasinglyheavy..7兩個(gè)句子短句時(shí)，后面句子可以用非謂語(yǔ)形式。8有兩個(gè)句子，后面句子有寫(xiě)this的時(shí)候通常改為which9祈使句不能用在學(xué)術(shù)寫(xiě)作里。也不能寫(xiě)！號(hào)10不能飲用bible的話，是不允許被當(dāng)做學(xué)術(shù)寫(xiě)作的邏輯證據(jù)。改錯(cuò)練習(xí)1Mobilephonesaresoimportanttoourlives.Everyoneshouldusemobilephones!2Airpollutionisincreasinglyserious.Measuresshouldbetakentotacklethisproblem.3Thecolorschemeothisdesignisnotveryorganized.4Lotsofriversandlakeshavebeenseverelypolluted.5Thecrimerateincitiesishigherandhighersotheadvantagesofthesesecuritymeasuresaremorethandisadvantages.裸奔法STREEC它與英文里的裸奔streak的發(fā)音正好相同，所以叫”裸奔法”.Skill&efficiency技能提高效率Technology&safety科技保護(hù)安全Right&responsibility權(quán)利對(duì)應(yīng)責(zé)任Environment&health環(huán)境影響健康Employment&money就業(yè)獲得錢(qián)Culture&fun文化帶來(lái)樂(lè)趣題目可能會(huì)和效率、責(zé)任、財(cái)務(wù)、文化、樂(lè)趣這幾類理由有關(guān)。有可能用的詞組是boostthesalesofproducts,encouragepeopletobuythings,areinfluencedbytrends,havedifferentincomes,havedifferentbudgets,havedifferentspendinghabits,providereliableinformation,consumerculture,luxuryitems,buythingsonimpulse,advertisingcampaign,arecreativeandentertaining,havefamouspeopleinthem,makeproductsmoreattractive有可能跟技能、效率、責(zé)任、、健康、財(cái)務(wù)、樂(lè)趣相關(guān)。Havejobsecurity,haveasteadysourceofincome,aremorereliable,loyaltytothecompany,iswellrewarded,havemoreopportunitiesforpromotion,feelintoaroutine,feelboredandunmotivated,increasetheiremployability,gainnewskills,meetnewpeople,aremoreconfidentandwell-rounded拒絕“高大山”-避免主體段論證空洞無(wú)物的120急救短語(yǔ)技能類短語(yǔ)（含學(xué)生、兒童、員工的技能）01developtheirskillsThinkingandlearningskillsReadingandwritingskillsForeignlanguageskillsCreativeskillsArtisticskillsProblem-solvingskillsSocialskillsCommunicationskillsCooperationskillsTeam-buildingskills02.improvetheiracademicskillsConceptsandprinciplesImprovetheiranalyticalskillsBoosttheirresearchskillsDeveloplogicalthinkingDevelopindependentthinkingBroadentheirknowledgeabout..05.increasetheirindependenceBecomemoreindependentBecomemoreindependentandresponsibleBecomemoreindependentandconfidentBuildgoodfamilyrelationshipsBuildunderstandingandtrustBuildasuccessfulcareer06.havemorecreativeideasThinkcreativelyExpresstheirfeelingscreativelyHaveatalentfor..07.workcloselywiththeirclassmates/colleaguesCooperatewiththeirclassmatesCooperationskillsTeam-buildingskillsCooperationandsharingEffectiveteamworkSocialskills權(quán)利類短語(yǔ)01givethemmorefreedomReducetheirfreedom/restricttheirfreedomRestricttheirchoices/imagination02.inreasetheirchoicesReducetheirchoicesBroadentheirchoicesProvidesb.Withsth.opportunitiesProvidepeoplewithmorejobopportunitiesProvidechildrenwithmorelearningopportunitiesProvidevisitorswithawiderangeofeducat