2023年專升本英語考點(diǎn)匯總

專升本英語考試題型試卷題型及分值分布表V語法考點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):考點(diǎn)一:表達(dá)永恒的真理,即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境中,仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，如：ＩlearnedｔhaｔtheearthgoesａrｏundtｈesunwｈeｎI(lǐng)wａsinｐｒimaｒysｃｈｏoｌ.考點(diǎn)二:在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替代替一般將來時(shí)；常用的引導(dǎo)詞有:uｎtil/ｗhen／before/assoｏnａs／tｈeｍｏment／if/unlessIwiｌlnotａt(yī)tendtｈeconｆerenceiｆitrainsｔｏmｏrrow.Hewｏn’ｔｋnowthetruｔｈｕnleｓsyouｔellhiｍ.現(xiàn)在完畢時(shí)表達(dá)動作發(fā)生在過去,完畢在過去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或者影響仍然存在。有標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語；Ｈehaｓopeneｄthedoｏr．Ihavebｏuｇhtacｏmputer.考點(diǎn)一：fｏr+時(shí)間段;sｉnｃe＋時(shí)間，主句用現(xiàn)在完畢時(shí)ThｅyhaveliｖedｉnＢｅijiｎgｆoｒfiveｙears.TｈeｙｈaｖｅliｖｅdinBeｉjingsｉncｅ19９５.考點(diǎn)二:常見的不擬定的時(shí)間狀語:Lａt(yī)ely,ｒecｅntly,already,yeｔ，soｆaｒ,ｕptillnowHaｓiｔｓtoppｅｄrａｉniｎgyeｔ?考點(diǎn)三：表達(dá)”第幾次做某事“或者”iｔis（最高級)thebｅst（wｏrst,ｍoｓtiｎterestiｎg），主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句用現(xiàn)在完畢時(shí)。ThisiｓthｅfirsttiｍethatIhavｅvｉsｉteｄChiｎa.ＴhisiｓthｅmｏsｔinteｒeｓtingｆｉlmthaｔIhaveｓeen.過去完畢時(shí)表達(dá)過去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完畢的動作，即發(fā)生在過去的過去。Thｅrehadｂeｅn25pａｒkｓintｈｅｃityuｐtilｌ20２3.考點(diǎn)一：用于harｄly／scａrcelｙ/ｂarely/ｒaｒｅlｙ…wheｎ;nosｏoner…thaｎ句型中，主句用過去完畢時(shí),從句用一般過去時(shí)Ihaｄhａｒdｌyfinｉｓhedmyworkwhenhecametosｅe(cuò)mｅ．Ihadnosｏoｎergｏｔiｎtotherooｍthanitbeganｔosnoｗ.考點(diǎn)二:表達(dá)第幾次做某事／最高級,主句用過去式，從句用過去完畢時(shí)。Ｔhatwａstｈesecondtｉmeｔhaｔshｅhadseenheｒgrａｎdｆather．考點(diǎn)三：用于by+過去時(shí)間段Shehaｄlearnｔ３difｆｅreｎtlａnguagesbythｅe(cuò)ｎdｏｆ2023．將來完畢時(shí)(wｉllhavｅdone)表將來某時(shí)刻之前已完畢的事情，時(shí)間狀語非常明顯?？键c(diǎn)一:by+將來時(shí)間段BynextFriｄay,Iwillhavｅｇｏtreadｙfｏrｔｈeexａm．一般過去時(shí)表過去某個(gè)特定期間發(fā)生且完畢的動作,或過去習(xí)慣性動作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響?？键c(diǎn)一:ｕｓeｄtodo過去經(jīng)常做某事Heuｓedtｏｓmｏkealot.進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)一:表達(dá)某個(gè)具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)在干什么,經(jīng)常有具體的時(shí)間詞,如ａt(yī)10ｏ’clock,atthａt(yī)mｏmenｔ等。Hewaｓｄoinghｏｍeworkat9ｏ’clｏckｙｅｓterdayｅveｎiｎg．考點(diǎn)二:趨向性動詞常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來，如：go,cｏme,ｌeａve,sｔart等Iamcoming.(立即來了)HeiｓｌeaｖingChongqingonＦrｉdａy.(他星期五離開重慶）HeisleaviｎｇfoｒＣｈonｇqingonFriday．(他星期五要來重慶）感官動詞考點(diǎn):表達(dá)感知的動詞:ｈear，feel,ｎotｉce,recoｇｎｉzｅ,taste,smｅll,loｏk,soｕnd,taｓｔｅ,appear,感官動詞做系動詞時(shí)翻譯成…起來Heiｓlｏokingａt(yī)thesun.(實(shí)意動詞)Heｌｏｏksｙounｇｅrｔhanhｉsjunｉoｒbroｔｈer.(系動詞)考點(diǎn)一：做系動詞時(shí)不能用于被動語態(tài)e.g.Tｈemusｉcsoundsbeａｕtifuｌ.Thｅsilkfｅｅlｓｓoft.考點(diǎn)二：做系動詞時(shí)不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)三：做系動詞時(shí)后面接形容詞，不接副詞Soundsgｏｏd.Theｃａkｅtasｔesgood.語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一.時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)1.Tｏmwasdisappｏintedthatmosｔoftｈegｕests＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_ｗhｅnhe_＿_(dá)___attｈeｐarty.A.hadｌeft,arrｉｖeｄ B.left,haｄａrrivedC.ｈadleft,ｈadarｒｉved?D.left，arrived２.Marｙ______letｔeratｎiｎeyestｅｒdayevenｉｎg.A.typedB.wastypingC.haｓtyｐeｄＤ.ｉstypｉｎｇ３.Ｔhework＿_(dá)____bｙthetimeyｏuｇetｈeｒｅ.A.ｗiｌlhaｖeｂeendone?B.ｉｓｄoｎeC.ｈaｄbｅe(cuò)ndone?Ｄ．wｏuｌdhavedone４.It__＿＿_(dá)_foｒaweｅkaｎdtｈestreeｔｓwereｆlooded.Ａ.ｈasraineｄ B．wasrａiｎedC.hadbeenraining?D.shouldhaverained5.Sorry,ｂｕtwecannｏtgoｔoＳaｎDieｇo.Oｕrcouｓins＿＿_(dá)＿toseｅusnｅｘtSｕndaｙ.A．come?Ｂ．a(chǎn)ｒｅcoｍingC.hａｖecome?D.cａme６．She_____＿_(dá)ａnumｂerｏfbｏoｋsbｙtheendoflａｓtyear.A．hadwｒiｔteｎＢ.ｈaswrｉｔtenＣ.ｈａｖｅｗrittｅnＤ.ｈadbｅe(cuò)nwriｔten７.I______＿_(dá)hｅｒesincｅIcamｅtoBeijing.A.hadｌivedB.ｈaｖｅlivedＣ.isｌivingD.wiｌllive8.Ｂytｈeeｎｄofnexｔyeaｒ,thｅbuildiｎg_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_.A.wilｌcoｍpｌetedB.wilｌhavｅｂｅe(cuò)ncｏｍｐletedC.hascoｍpletｅdD.ｉscoｍpleｔiｎg9．He＿＿_(dá)___＿＿sｍokｅａlot，nｏwheisaｎｏn-smokeｒ.A．ｕsedtoB.ｉsusｅdtｏC.wasusｅdtoD.usedby10.Hａｒdly_＿_(dá)_____therooｍwheniｔ____＿_(dá)torain.A.hadenｔeｒed,ｗasｒainingB.eｎｔeｒｅd，hａdｒaｉnedC.hadeｎｔｅrｅd,rainedD.ｅnｔerｅd,wasraiｎing二：非謂語．動詞1．謂語動詞２.非謂語動詞謂語動詞1.行為動詞/實(shí)意動詞：eaｔ,sleｅp.cｌeａｎ.Sｔay(可以單獨(dú)做謂語，用副詞修飾)2.聯(lián)系動詞：bｅ,gｅｔ,ｂecome(不能單獨(dú)做謂語,其后成分稱為表語）3．情態(tài)動詞：can,cｏuld,ｗｉll(不能單獨(dú)做謂語，后接動詞原型)4．助動詞:ｄo／ｈavｅ的各種形式,幫助完畢時(shí)態(tài)與語氣的動詞,不能單獨(dú)做謂語。Ｈavｅbeenhere／Idolｉkｅyou.非謂語動詞：1.不定式:ｔｏdo（除了不能做謂語,其他成分都能做)２.分詞：現(xiàn)在分詞:Ｖｉnｇ（表積極與進(jìn)行)，過去分詞:（表被動與狀態(tài)）３.動名詞:Ｖiｎg※英語一句話只能有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)假如出現(xiàn)更多動詞:加連詞（and/ｂut／so…）放入從句變?yōu)榉侵^語動詞１)Ｇracｅfinisｈeｄherdinｎeｒａt(yī)Ｗｕlong2)atｔendeｄthｅlocalｄaｎcｉｎgparty.一．加入連詞GraｃeｈadｆｉnisheddinneratＷu(yù)long,andsｈeａｔｔｅｎdｅdtheｌocaｌｄancingｐartylatｅr.二．放入從句Thｅmoment/ｗhenＧrａcehａdｆiｎisheddinneｒatWuｌoｎg,sｈeaｔｔendedtｈｅlｏcaldａｎcinｇpartyｌaｔer．三.變?yōu)榉侵^語動詞Graceｆｉnｉｓheｄｈerdinneｒqｕｉｃklytoattｅnｄthｅlｏcaldancｉｎgｐarty.不定式考點(diǎn)：Ｉｔis+ａdｊ＋forｓbtｏdosｔh/Ｉｔis＋adj+ofｓｂtｏｄostｈe．g.Itisdiｆｆicｕlｔforhimtoｆｉnishｔhｅtaｓk.Ｉtisvｅryｋｉｎｄｏfyoutｏsayso.Ittakessbsoｍetimeｔodosth花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事Ittakeｓmeｔhｒｅe(cuò)ｄａysｔorepaｉrtheｍaｃhiｎe．so＋adj／aｄv+ａstｏ….如此，以至于e.g．Theｈｏuseisｓoｈighasｔoreｓeｍbｌeａｔｏwer.4．oｎｌyｔo居然(表出乎意料的轉(zhuǎn)折)Ｈestudiｅdｈaｒｄonlytｏfailtｈｅe(cuò)ｘａm．5.ｂｕｔ（eｘcept)后帶不帶to?若句子的謂語動詞是“dｏ”的各種形式，則不帶ｔoLasｔniｇht,IｄidnothingbｕtwatｃhTV.若句子的謂語動詞不是“do”的各種形式，則帶toTｈｅdoｃtｏrtｏｌdhimnothingbuｔtosｔｏｐsmｏkｉng.6.一聽：lisｔentｏ，hear二看：ｗａt(yī)ch,ｓee,lookat三使：let,ｍake，have四注意:noｔice五感覺:feel以上動詞接動詞原形，但若用語被動語態(tài)，則應(yīng)接帶tｏ的不定式。Imaｄehimｄoｈｉswｏrk.Hｅｗａｓｍａdetｏｄohiswoｒk.動名詞考點(diǎn):Itiｓｎogood/uｓｅ/poinｔ/agｒｅatfun+vｉng:做某事無好處/用處/意義/樂趣做某事Ｉtｉsnogoｏdhｅｌpinghim.Itｉsａgreatｆungeｔtingｔoknowyourguys.Thereｉsno+doｉngsth不也許做某事Ｔherｅiｓｎｏtｄｅｎyｉｎgtｈatｓucｃｅssfｕlｂusiｎｅｓsｌieｓinahealthybodyａndmind.Ｔhｅreisｎｏtellingwhatｈeisgｏingｔoｄo?3.havｅdｉfficｕlty(ｔroublｅ,fuｎ，aｇoodtime)+(in)dｏingsｔh做某事難(麻煩,好玩)4．ｇo+ｄｏinｇ戶外活動Ｇｏfiｓｈing,gｏswimmiｎg，goshoｐpｉnｇbebusy(ｉn）doｉngｓth忙于做某事ｓpend/wastetime(iｎ)doiｎgsｔh／onstｈcａn’theｌpdｏiｎｇsth忍不住做某事Iａmsｏrry，Ｉcａn’ｔｈelｐoverhearinｇ…beworｔhdoｉngstｈ值得做某事(積極表被動）Thｅｂookisｗｏrｔｈreaｄing．8．LiMingｉssaｉd＿_(dá)____ａbroaｄ.DoyouknowwhaｔcountryA．tohａvestudiedB.tosｔudyC.tｏbesｔudyingD．tohaｖebeenstudｙinｇ分詞考點(diǎn):分詞做狀語:主從句主語一致省略從句連詞與主語從句分詞形式取決于與主語的關(guān)系，積極用現(xiàn)在分詞,被動用過去分詞(從）Ｗhentｈｅsｔudeｎtssawｔheteaｃherenteringclasｓｒoom，（主)thestudentｓstoodup.Ｓeｅingtｈｅtｅaｃｈereｎtｅrinｇｃlａsｓroom,thestudｅnｔssｔoodｕｐ．獨(dú)立主格:獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)有三種類型：１.邏輯主語+非謂語動詞(不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞）2.邏輯主語+（ｂeｉng)＋表語(名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語)３.ｗith／withｏut＋復(fù)合賓語(不定式,分詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語）非謂語練習(xí)．1．_＿_(dá)_anyｔhｉnｇabｏuttheaｃcidenｔ,hｅwｅnｔtｏｗoｒkasusuａl.A.NotknowｎB．KnoｗｉngｎotＣ.KnownnoｔD.Notkｎowｉng2._＿＿_(dá)__＿ｍoreatｔention,tｈetｒeescoｕｌdｈaveｇｒｏｗnbeｔter.Ａ.GｉvｅｎB.TogiveC.GiviｎgＤ.Ｈaｖinggiｖeｎ３.____iｎ1636，HarvaｒdisoｎeｏｆthｅmｏｓtfaｍｏusuｎiｖersｉtｉｅｓｉｎtｈｅUnｉteｄSｔatｅｓ.A.BeｉngfoundeｄB.ＩtｗasfoｕnｄedC.FoｕｎdｅdD.Fｏuｎdiｎg4._____bytheadvancｅｓiｎtｅchnology,manｙfａrmｅrｓｈａveｓetupｗindfaｒmsontheiｒlaｎd．A.BeingenｃourageｄB.EｎcouraｇiｎgC．EncoｕrａｇedD.Hａvｉngencｏuragｅd5.___＿_(dá)theｒightｋindoｆtraｉnｉng,ｔheseｔeｅnaｇｅsｏｃcerplａyeｒsmayoｎedaｙgｒｏwintotheinternatｉonaｌstaｒs.A.GiｖingB.HavinggivenＣ.TogiveD．Giｖen6._____ｉnｔheqｕｅueｆorhaｌfanhｏur，tｈeoｌｄｍansｕdｄｅnlyrealizedhehadleftthecheqｕｅinthecar.A．WaｉtingB.TｏｗaiｔC.ＨavingwaｉｔｅｄD.Ｔohavｅｗaｉｔｅd7．Tｏmkｅｐtquieｔａbouttｈeａｃciｄｅnｔ_＿_(dá)__losｅｈｉsjoｂ．A.ｓonotastoＢ.soaｓｎｏttoＣ.soastｏnｏtD.noｔsoastｏ8．_____＿lａt(yī)einthemorniｎg，Bobturnedoffthealａrm．A.ToｓleepB．Slｅe(cuò)pingC.Slｅe(cuò)pD．Ｈａvｉngslｅｐｔ9.Ｗhenaskedwhyhｅwentｔｈｅre,hesaidｈeｗassentｔhｅre__ｆｏraｓpacｅfｌｉght.A.traininｇB.beingtrainedＣ.tohaveｔrａinedＤ．tｏbeｔｒainｅd10.Tｈeoldprofessorsaidtousｅveryｐarｔofthemaｔerｉaｌsshｏuldbｅmadeusｅoｆ______ｔhepowersｔaｔiｏｎ.A.ｔｏbuｉldB.buildｉｎgC.buｉldD.built1１．Alloftｈeｍｔryｔoｕsｅthepoweroftheworksｔaｔｉoｎ__＿＿_(dá)informａt(yī)ｉoninaｍoreeffectiｖeway.A.ｐｒesentingB.prｅseｎｔedC．beingprｅsenｔedＤ．topreseｎｔ12．_＿_(dá)___nobｕs，wehadtowalｋｈomｅ.A.TｈereｗasＢ．ＴherebeｉngC.BｅcausetherebeingD.Ｔheｒｅwerｅ13.＿_(dá)__,I'llgotheｒeｗitｈyouｔomｏrｒoｗaftｅｒnoｏn.A．TimeｐｅrmitsB.IｆtimepermittｉngC．ＴimｅpeｒmiｔtingD.Ｔime'ｓpｅrmittinｇ14.＿＿_(dá)__，weallwｅntｈomeｈappily.Ａ.ＧｏodbｙewassaidB.Gｏodbyehａdbｅe(cuò)nsaidC.ＧooｄｂyesaidＤ.Whｅｎgoｏdbyesaiｄ15．＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_，ｗeａｌlweｎtswimminｇinhiｇhspiriｔs.A.ItbeingfinｅｗｅatｈerＢ．ItfiｎeweatherC.ItwaｓfｉneweaｔherＤ．Itbeingafineｗｅatheｒ情態(tài)動詞考點(diǎn):Can,ｃoulｄMay,mｉｇｈｔMｕst/ｈavetoNeedDａreＷｉｌl/woulｄShall/shouｌd/ｏugｈtto考點(diǎn)一：Musｔ的否認(rèn)回答在回答muｓt引起的問句時(shí)，假如是否認(rèn)的答復(fù)，可用doｎ’thａveto或needn’t(不必)，但不能用HＹPERLINＫ＂＂mｕsｔn’t(一定不，必須不,不允許,不得)。如：—MustIcleａnｔhｅｄｉｎingrｏomatｏncｅ?我必須立即打掃餐廳嗎?—Ｙｅs,youｍust.是的，你必須立即打掃。—Ｎo,youdon’thavｅto（=nｅe(cuò)ｄｎ’t).不必啦。YoｕHYPERLINＫ""ｍustn’t

sｍoｋeｉntheｏffice.你不得在辦公室抽煙?？键c(diǎn)二：musｔ表肯定猜測：Must表達(dá)推測時(shí)，只能用于肯定句中mｕstｄｏ對一般時(shí)的肯定推測mｕstbeｄoiｎg對現(xiàn)在的動作進(jìn)行肯定推測ｍustｈａvedone對過去發(fā)生的事情作出的肯定判斷Thｅｙhａveboughtａneｗcａr．Ｔheymusｔhavｅaloｔofmoｎeｙ.Hemustｂｅreａdｉｎgｎoveｌｓｎow．Thｅroａｄisweｔ.Iｔmustｈaveraｉｎｅdlasｔｎigｈt.考點(diǎn)三:caｎ’t/coulｄ’t表否認(rèn)推測考點(diǎn)四:neeｄdｏiｎｇｓth＝ｎeedｔｏbedｏneＴheflｏweｒsneeｄwａｔｅrinｇ．=Thｅflｏwｅｒsneedtobｅwａt(yī)ered.Ｔheｈoｕseneedｓpaｉｎｔing．=Thehｏusｅneedｓtoｂｅpaiｎted.延伸:wａnｔ,reｑuestdoｉngsth=wａｎt/requesttｏｂｅdone考點(diǎn)五:neｅd/dａre既可做實(shí)意動詞,也可做情態(tài)動詞。實(shí)意動詞用在肯定句中(ｎeed/dａretoｄosth），情態(tài)動詞用在否認(rèn)和疑問句中(nｅe(cuò)d/dａredosｔh)。Daｒeyouwaｌktｈｒougｈｔｈefｏｒeｓtatｎigｈt?Youneeｄｎ’ｔｒeturnthebｏokｎｏw.Hｅneedstoｇoｔhｅrehimself．三.情態(tài)動詞1.---Shelookｓveryhａpｐｙ．She＿_(dá)___＿h(yuǎn)aｖeｐａsseｄtheexam.—Iguessso．It’ｓｎｏtdｉfficultaｆteralｌ.A.shoｕldB．cｏuldC．ｍｕstD．might2．Yoｕ______bｅｈungryaｌｒｅａdy，yｏuhaｄｌuｎchoｎlyｔｗｏｈoursaｇo?。?woulｄn’tＢ.can’tC.muｓtn’tD.needｎ’t3．—I’ｍsｏrry.I_____＿_(dá)__atyoutheotheｒｄay.—Forｇeｔit.Iwasａbitoutofcontrolmｙsｅｌｆ．A.shoulｄn’tshoutB．shｏulｄn’thａveshｏutedC.ｍｕｓｔn’tshouｔＤ.mustｎ’thavｅshouｔeｄ4．Thａnkyouforallyｏurhardｗｏrklａsｔｗeeｋ.Idon’tｔhｉｎkwｅ_＿_(dá)__＿iｔwiｔhouｔyou.A.caｎmanaｇeB.ｃouldｈavemanagｅdC.ｃｏuｌdmanaｇeD．caｎｈavｅmaｎａgｅd5.—Thereｗerealreaｄyfｉveｐeopleｉntheｃａrbｕtｔheyｍａnagedｔｏtakemeａｓweｌl.—It＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿aｃｏmfortablｅjoｕrney.Ａ.can’tbeＢ.ｓｈoulｄn’tbeＣ.mustｎ’ｔhaｖebeｅｎD.couldn’ｔhａｖｅbeｅn６.Thｅbｏｓshaｓgｉvｅneveｒyｏnｅaｓpecｉalｈolidaｙ，ｓowe—gｏtoworktomorrow.A.can’tB.ｍustn’tC.needn’ｔD.ｓhｏuldｎ’t7.Sinｃeｔｈeroadiｓwetｔｈismorｎinｇ,＿＿＿_(dá)_＿lastnight.A.ｉtmusthaverainedB.itmｕstｒainC．iｔmustbeｒaiｎinｇD.itmuｓthavebeeｎｒainｅd8.Aｓteaｃhersweshouｌdｃoncｅｒnｏurselveｓwithwｈatｉｓsaｉd,nｏtwhaｔwethｉnｋ＿_(dá)____.A．ｏughｔtｏｂesaidＢ.mustsayC.havｅtobeｓaidD.neｅdtosａy９.Yｏu＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿allthosecａlｃｕlａt(yī)ions．Wehaveacoｍputｅrｔｏｄothａt(yī)sorｔｏfthinｇ．A.mustnｏthaｖedoｎｅB.shoｕldnｏthａveC.ｃanｎothａvedone D.needn’thavedｏｎe10.Withalｌｔｈiswｏrkonhaｎd，ｈe___＿_(dá)_tｏthecinemaｌastnｉgｈt.A.musｔn’tgo?B.wouｌｄn’ｔｇｏＣ.ouｇhｔｎ’tgｏD．shｏｕldｎ’thavegone11．“IsawＭａrｙinthelｉbraｒyｙeｓteｒday.”?“You_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)her,shｅisｓtillｉnｈｏspital．”A.mustn’thaｖesｅｅｎ B.coｕldnotｓeｅC.can’thavｅｓeen? D.mｕsｔｎoｔsｅe(cuò)虛擬語氣If型Should＋動詞原形類似if型一.If型(主從句在現(xiàn)有時(shí)態(tài)基礎(chǔ)上向前退一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài))※if條件句的虛擬條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If+主語+werｅIf+主語+Veｄ主語+Ｓhｏuld/ｗould/coｕld+動詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反Iｆ+主語+haｄdone主語+Ｓhｏulｄ／would／ｃoｕlｄ+haｖedoneｓtｈ與將來事實(shí)相反If+主語＋veｄIf+主語+shouldＩｆ+主語+werｅtｏ主語+Sｈoｕld／woulｄ/ｃouｌｄ+動詞原形Ifｉtraｉnstomorrow,itｗilｌbefine．BetoｄoｓthＩfJｏhnwｅrehereｎow，ｈｅwouldexplaｉｎｉt．Ifyoｕhａdaｓkeｄmeearlｉer,Iwｏulｄhaｖeｔｏｌdｙou.Ifｉｔｒaｉned/shｏuldrain/wｅrｅtoraintomorrow,.Iｗouｌdstaｙａt(yī)home※If條件句中有ｗerｅ，ｈad，coｕｌd,should等，可省略ｉf,將were,had，could，sｈoulｄ提到句首,變?yōu)榈寡b。hadyouaskedｍｅe(cuò)ａrlier，Iwoｕldhａveｔoldyｏu.Ｈadyouasｋeｄmeeａrｌiｅr，Iｗouldｈａｖetｏｌdyｏu．IfJｏhnｗereｈeｒenｏw,hewoulｄexpｌａｉnｉt.WereJｏhnherenow,hewouｌｄexplainit.二．Should＋動詞原形1..其后的賓語從句及以其同根名詞(suggｅstioｎ,adｖicｅ,ｐｒopoｓal,ｒｅquiremeｎ)引導(dǎo)的主語,表語,同位語從句中用（sｈoｕlｄ）+動詞原形。Heｓugｇｅstedthatwe(ｓｈould)gohomeｅarliｅr.Ｈissuｇgestiｏnwasｔhaｔwe(ｓhould)gohomeeaｒlｉeｒ.※區(qū)分sugｇesｔ

＋(thａｔ

）+主語＋(should)

dｏ+sthＳugｇｅｓtdoｉnｇsｔhＨｅsuggestedｇoｉngoutfｏrawaｌk．HesｕｇgestedthatIｓhoｕlｄgｏouｔｆoraｗalk.※insｉst／suｇgesｔ各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣Ｉnsisｔ表達(dá)“堅(jiān)決規(guī)定”時(shí)，用虛擬形式Iｎsisｔ表達(dá)“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說”時(shí)，用陳述語氣，表達(dá)事實(shí)。Suｇgest表達(dá)“建議”時(shí),用虛擬形式。Sｕggest表達(dá)“表白、暗示”時(shí),用陳述語氣。e.g.Yｏurpａlefaｃesuggesｔｓthａt(yī)youarｅill．Iinｓistｅdthatyouｗerｅｗrong.Iinsｉstedｈeshoｕldrｅｔurn____(retuｒn)ｔheｂooｋ.Itisimportant(necｅｓsary,sｔrange,）ｔhａt(yī)....類似用法的詞有：nｅｃeｓｓaｒy,sｔｒange,natural,desｉｒed，apitｙ,ashaｍｅ，nowonder…e.g.It’ｓneceｓｓaｒyｔhatｗeshouｌdhaveawaｌk三．類似iｆ型Wiｓｈ／asif/asthｏugｈ／ifonly/wouldratｈeｒthａt(yī)…e.g.ＩwishIweｒe３０ｙeａrsyounger.Hｅｔreatｅdｔhｅliｔtｌｅgirlaｓifsheｈadbeenhｅｏｗnｄａｕｇｈter．IｗoｕldratherｙｏuhａdgｏｎeｔherelastSunｄay.IfonｌｙIｈadseｅｎtｈefｉlmｙestｅrdａy!e.g.Iｔ’shightimｅthatｙouwｅnｔ．It’ｓhightｉｍethatyoｕｓｈouｌｄｇo.介詞短語引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣ｅ.g.Ｉfyouｈadｎｏｔhelpｅduｓ,wewｏuｌdｎ’tｈａｖｅmade....Ｂutfoｒyouｒｈelp,we___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__＿（makｅ）suｃhｒapidｐroｇresｓ.Ｗitｈｏuｔaiｒ,there__ｗoｕｌdｂｅ__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__(bｅ)nolivingthｉngｓ．Thankstｏtｈeｂraveｙｏuｎgman,otｈerwiｓｅ,theboｙ__＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____(die)．woｕldhavｅdied四.虛擬語氣1.Ｉｆonlyhe____quｉetｌyasthedocｔorｉｎｓtrｕｃted,hewoulｄnｏｔｓｕｆfｅrsomｕcｈnow.?Ａ.ｌieｓB.ｌａｙC．hadｌainD．ｓｈouｌｄｌie

2．HowIwｉｓheveryfamily__＿_(dá)alargehousewｉthabｅautifuｌgardｅn.

A．haｓB．hａdＣ.wｉlｌｈａveD．hadhad

3.Youdｉｄｎotlｅtｍｅdriｖe.Iｆwe___＿inturn,you＿_(dá)__ｓotｉred.?A．drｏve；diｄｎ’tget

Ｂ．drove；wouldn’tgｅtC．weｒedriviｎｇ;wouldｎ’tgetD.haddriven;wouｌｄn’thavｅgot

4．_____itraintｏmoｒrｏｗ，wewoulｄhaｖｅtoputofｆtｈｅvisittothｅYａｎgpｕBrｉdge?A．WereＢ.ShouldC.WouｌdD．Ｗilｌ5.Isuggestedｔｈｅｐｅrｓoｎrｅfｅrｒedｔo_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)ｐutiｎtｏｐriｓon

Ａ.waｓB.beＣ．wilｌbeD.woulｄbe?６.Whenapｅｎcilisｐartｌyinａglassofwater,itlooksaｓifit___＿?A．breaksB.haｓbrokeｎC．werｅbrokenD.hadbｅe(cuò)nbｒokｅn?7．Iinｓistｅd＿_(dá)___ｔoseeａdｏctor，butheinsｉstｅdnｏtｈing＿_(dá)_ｗronｇwiｔhhim?Ａ．oｎｈimtogo;shoｕldbｅB.hewent；beC.hego;wasD.heｓｈｏuldtｏ;is?８.-－－Yourａunｔiｎｖiｔesyoutoｔhｅmｏviｅstｏdａy?---Iｗouldratｈershe＿_(dá)__meｔomorrｏｗthaｎtoday?A.tellsB．toldC.woulｄｔellD．ｈadｔｏld

9.---Wｏuldyｏuhavｅcalｌｅｄｈeｒuｐ??---Yes，buｔI__＿_(dá)busydoingmyhｏmeｗork?A.wasＢ.wｅｒeC.haｄbeenD.ｗouldｂe?10.Iｗasillthatｄａy,otherwｉseI___＿tｈespｏrtｓmeｅt?A．wouldhaveｔakeｎpartｉnB.tooｋpaｒtinC.hａｄtakeｎpａｒｔinD.woulｄtakepａrtｉｎ

11．___ｔhｅclouds，ｙｏuwouldfindtheaｉrplａneinthesｋｙeａｓｉly?A.Haditｎotｂｅe(cuò)ｎｆoｒ

B．IfitwerenotＣ.IｆithａdnoｔｂeenｆorD.Wereitnotfor

1２.Ifmylａwyｅr＿＿_(dá)_herｅlastSunday，he＿_(dá)__mｅfromｇoiｎｇ

A.haｄbeen,wｏuldhaｖeｐreventeｄ

B.ｈadｂｅe(cuò)n,wouldprevenｔ

C.weｒe,prｅｖｅnt

D.were,wouｌdhaveｐreveｎted?13.＿_(dá)__hard,ｈｅｗouldhavｅpａsseｄthｅｅｘａｍ

A.Ifhewｅretowork

B.Hadheworked

C．ShｏuldｈｅｗｏrkD.Ｗereｈetowoｒk?14．Ifit____ｆorthesnｏw,we＿_(dá)＿_(dá)themountaiｎyｅsterday

A.ｗｅrｅnoｔ,couldhavｅclｉmｂ

B．werenot,cｏuldclimbC．hadnotｂeeｎ,coulｄhaｖｅｃlimｂed

D.hadn’tbeeｎ,ｃoｕldcｌｉｍb?15.Ｗiｔｈｏuteｌｅctｒｉcitｙ,ｈumanlｉfe_＿_(dá)_qｕiｔediｆficultｔoday

Ａ.ｉs

B.wｉlｌｂeC.wｏuldｈａvebeen

Ｄ．woｕldｂe?從句常見考點(diǎn)：(定從,狀從,名從(主語從句、賓語從句，表語從句））定語從句考點(diǎn):用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系代詞

who

人

主、賓、表

wｈoｍ

人

賓

wｈich

物

主、賓、表

that

人和物

主、賓、表

ａｓ

物

主、賓關(guān)系形容詞

Whosｅ=

ｏf

whoｍ/ofwhｉcｈ

人和物的

定語Ｗhose與ofwｈich／wｈom的區(qū)別ofｗｈicｈ／wｈｏm時(shí)應(yīng)在名詞前加上定冠詞tｈｅ或其他限定詞，也就是說假如名詞前有限定詞就只能用ofwhｉｃh/wｈoｍ。假如名詞前沒有限定詞，就用whose。關(guān)系副詞

When＝at/ｉn／oｎ／during…whiｃｈ

Ｗheｒe=ａt(yī)／iｎ/tｏ…whiｃh

Wｈｙ=for

whiｃh

注意：關(guān)系詞所做的成分關(guān)鍵是由從句中的動詞來決定

2023.22Thiｓ

iｓ

ｔhe

plａce

wｈere

wｅ

work.（vi).Thｉsｉstｈｅplace.Wewoｒkiｎｔhｅplａce.Tｈis

iｓ

thｅ

pｌａce

wｈich

we

visited．(vｔ）

關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的特殊情況1．指物時(shí)只用

that，不用wｈｉch

的情況：

1)

當(dāng)先行詞為

alｌ,

mｕch,

litｔle,

ｆew，

nｏne,

ｓoｍｅｔｈｉng,

anｙthｉng,

everyｔｈing,

nothing

等不定代詞時(shí)。

2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級或ｔｈe

ｌast,

ｔｈe

ｏnly

，the

ｖery等表強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞等修飾。

3）．在疑問詞

wｈｏ，

ｗhat,

which

開頭的句子中。（避免歧意）

Wｈo

is

ｔhe

girｌ

thａt(yī)

is

talkinｇ

wｉth

Ｍr.Brown？4)．

當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。

Wｅ

are

tａlking

aｂｏut

thｅ

ｐeoｐlｅ

and

ｃounｔｒiｅs

thａｔ

wｅ

ｈavｅ

visited．

2．

只能用

ｗhich

不能用

that

的情況。

1).

引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句修飾某物或整個(gè)句子。

e．g．Bruce

wｅnt

towarｄs

the

fｉre,

ｗｈich

ｗaｓ

still

smokｉng.

Tom

cａmｅ

bacｋ

late,

whicｈ

made

his

pａrｅnts

very

ａｎｇry.

２)．在介詞后面:介詞+wｈich

（先行詞是物)

Ｔhe

wｏrｌd

in

ｗhiｃh

we

ｌive

ｉs

mａｄe

of

maｔtｅr．

注意:若介詞在從句中而沒有直接在關(guān)系詞后，可以用whicｈ

或ｔhaｔ．

例如:

The

worｌｄ

that

we

live

in

is

made

of

matteｒ.

(三）非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句不能用that引導(dǎo),一般用引導(dǎo)詞which/as／wｈo,非限制性定語從句既可以修飾主句的部分內(nèi)容,也可修飾主句的所有內(nèi)容。狀語從句考點(diǎn):(一）條件狀語從句

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有if

,uｎlｅｓs

,ａｓ/so

long

ａｓ,

consideriｎg

tｈat，supposｉｎｇ

tｈaｔ,

pｒovided

tｈaｔ(假如，在…的條件下),

oｎ

condｉtioｎ

thａt(yī)（只要,在…的條件下）

等等。(二）時(shí)間狀語從句屬連詞:when,as,wｈile,beｆｏre,afｔer,ｓiｎｃｅ,ｔiｌl／until,ａｓ

ｓｏoｎ

aｓ,ｏncｅ,……等。用于Iｔ

＋

ｂｅ

+時(shí)間段

＋

ｂeforｅ

：在……之后才……

e.g．

Iｔ

willl

bｅ

fｉve

ｙeａrｓ

beforｅ

Ｉ

come

back

.

常于情態(tài)動詞

ｃan

/

ｃoｕld

連用

:

還沒來得及……就……

ｅ.g.

Before

I

coｕlｄ

saｙ

a

word

,

ｓhe

hａｄ

ruｓhed

oｕt

ｏf

the

ｒooｍ

名詞短語(連詞功能)：nｅｘt

time，

ｅvｅrｙ

time，

the

ｍｏment，

the

minutｅ等。

E.g.EverｙｍiｎｕteIseeher,iｔreminｄｓｍeofmymoher.(三)讓步狀語從句

引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：thｏugｈ/aｌthｏugｈ(盡管），even

iｆ／eｖeｎ

thｏｕgh（即使）,no

maｔter

how(what，when,ｗhiｃh,wｈo,ｗhｅre),however(ｗhaｔｅｖeｒ,ｗheｎever，whｉchever，whoever，wｈｅrｅver)（無論??)，as（盡管)，whiｌｅ(雖然，盡管)等。As表盡管放在句首時(shí)，將從句中的賓語或表語提前，假如有冠詞，省略冠詞。Youngasheis,hｅhasaloｔofexpｅrience.Childashｅｉｓ,heｈasalｏtoｆexpeｒieｎce.(四)結(jié)果狀語從句

結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有:ｓｏ

tｈａt(yī),so…tｈaｔ?,such…ｔhat?.結(jié)果狀語放在主句之后。常見句型結(jié)構(gòu)有:

(１)

so

+

形容詞/副詞＋

that從句；

(2）

such

ａ/ａn

+

形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句;

(五）目的狀語從句

目的狀語從句連詞有：in

caｓｅ“以免,以防萬一”

,in

ordeｒ

ｔhat“為了??，以便??”。so

thａt(yī)引導(dǎo)狀語從句只能置于主句之后。ｉn

order

that引導(dǎo)狀語從句可放主句之前或之后。(六)地點(diǎn)狀語從句

地點(diǎn)狀語從句由where,anyｗheｒe,

wherｅver引導(dǎo)。wｈｅre指“在某個(gè)地方”,wherever指“無論哪里，在任何一個(gè)地方”。(七）因素狀語從句

引導(dǎo)因素狀語從句的連詞有：bｅcause,as，sinｃｅ，when(既然)，noｗ

that(既然）,ｓeeiｎg

thａｔ(由于),

coｎｓidering

thａt(yī)，inｔhaｔ(在于,由于)等名詞性從句考點(diǎn)（主語，表語，賓語)1，that

何時(shí)可以省略

１)

thａt(yī)

在賓語從句大多數(shù)情況可以省略

(1）We

ｒegrｅｔ

（thａｔ)

yｏu

dｉd

ｎｏｔ

ｆｉｎｄ

our

proucｔ

sａｔiｓfａctory.

(2）We

toｌd

ｔｈｅ

ｄrivｅr（

ｔhat）

wｅ

were

in

a

hurry．

2)在主語，表語，同位語從句中一般不能省略。

(1）

That

ｙou

wanｔ

ｔo

be

iｎｄeｐｅｎdent

iｓ

only

naturaｌ.

(2)The

advantagｅ

of

DＶD

is

thaｔ

it

ｇives

you

much

betteｒ

pictｕｒe

quaｌｉty.

(3)Wｅ

should

mａke

ｐeoｐle

face

thｅ

fact

tｈaｔ

a

lot

of

peopｌｅ

ｄie

frｏm

smokiｎｇ

eｖerｙ

year.

２，iｆ和wｈeｔｈeｒ

的區(qū)別:

１）在賓語從句中,ｉf

和ｗｈether一般都可以使用.

在賓語從句中，

只能使用whether的情況：

(1)

介詞之后

Your

suｃｃess

oｒ

ｆailurｅ

dｅｐends

on

whetheｒ

you

wｏrk

hard.(2)

緊跟or

nｏt

時(shí)

Ｓhe

asked

me

whether

ｏr

not

ｈｅ

woｕld

ｃome.

(3）接不定式

Can

yoｕ

ｔｅll

me

wheｔher

tｏ

go

or

ｔo

ｓtay

？

(４)

主語從句,表語從句，

同位語從句只能用whetｈer.

Whｅｔｈer

Ｉ

wｉll

ｃomｅ

depｅnds

on

a

numbeｒ

ｏｆ

thｉngs.

The

quesｔｉon

is

wｅther

he

will

cｏｍe

to

ｈeｌp.

練習(xí):

２.___＿h(yuǎn)aspaｓsｅdｔhｅtesｔwillgetaprize.?

A.Whoever

Ｂ.Ｎｏmatterwho

C.Ｗhomevｅr

D.Who５．_＿＿ｍoｖedusmｏstｗas＿＿_(dá)hｅlookｅdａfｔertheoldｍaｎｆorｍoreｔｈantwentyyeａｒｓ.

A.Thａt(yī)；tｈat

B.Whaｔ;that

CWhat;wｈat

Ｄ.Ｔhat;whaｔ8.Ifｙｏuknow___itｗasthatwriｔｅAＴaleoｆTwoCities,raiseyourｈand.

A.ｗｈoｍ

Ｂ.whｉch

C.who

Ｄ．that１１．Critiｃismandｓelf-ｃｒｉtｉciｓmisneｃｅsｓary_____ithｅlpsuｓtofiｎdandcorrecｔｍiｓtａｋeｓ.A．bythatB．a(chǎn)ttｈatＣ.ｏntｈaｔD.inthat10.

That

tree,

_＿＿_(dá)_____＿

branches

ａre

almost

ｂaｒe,

ｉs

veｒy

old.

A.

whose

Ｂ.

ｏf

whｉch

C．

in

whiｃh

D.

on

ｗhich

3.

Is

thiｓ

tｈe

ｆａｃｔｏｒy

____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__

ｈｅ

woｒked

ten

ｙeａrs

ago?

?A．

ｔｈaｔ

B．

wｈerｅ

?C.

ｗhich

D.

ｔhe

one

9.

I’ll

ｔｅll

yｏu

＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿

he

ｔolｄ

mｅ

last

week.

A.

ａｌｌ

whｉch

Ｂ．

that

Ｃ.

all

thaｔ

D.

whiｃh

11.

Ｉ

have

ｂｏuｇht

the

samｅ

drｅｓｓ

＿_(dá)__＿＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)

shｅ

is

ｗearing.

?

A.

as

B.

that

C.

which

D．

what

Nomａt(yī)terwｈｏ只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句Ｗｈoever既能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，又能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句Whoeｖｅrhasｐaｓsedthｅtestwiｌlgetaprizｅ.Nomatterwhohaspａsseｄtｈetｅst，hewillgetapｒize.強(qiáng)調(diào)與倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)的兩種方式:1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:Itiｓ（ｗas)…that(who)2.用助動詞do,does或did來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的變形1.一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào):Is/Wａsit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+tｈat／ｗho＋其他部分e.g.Wasiｔｏnalｏnｅｌyislａnd_＿＿_(dá)_hewasｓａｖedｏnemｏnｔｈafterthｅbｏａt(yī)ｗeｎtdoｗn？Ａ．ｗｈereB．thatC.wｈicｈD．ｗｈat２．特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞)+ｉs／was+it+ｔhat/whｏ+其他部分。e.g.—______ｔhathemaｎagｅdtｏgetthｅｉｎｆormａｔioｎ?—Ｏh,afriendｏfhiｓｈeｌｐｅdｈiｍ.A.WhｉchwasitＢ.WｈatｗasitC.HowwasitD．Ｗｈｙwasｉt3.nｏｔuntil.．.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:Itis/wasnｏtuntiｌ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+thaｔ+其他部分e.g．IｔwasｎｏｔuntilIcameｈｅre＿_(dá)__＿Irｅａlizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeaｕtｙｂutａｌsoiｔsweatｈer.Ａ.ｗhｏＢ.thaｔC.whereD.beforeIdidn’ｔrealｉzethｉsplａceｗａsfamousfoｒｎotonlyitｓbeautyｂutaｌsoitsweathｅrｕnｔilＩcａｍｅｈerｅ．倒裝:部分倒裝考點(diǎn):否認(rèn)詞ｎeｖer、seｌdｏm、hardly、scaｒcely、barelｙ、rarｅly、lｉtｔｌｅ、not、nowheｒe（無處,任何地方都不)、byｎomeans、undernｏcondition/ｃｉｒcｕmstance、ａt(yī)notimｅ(絕不）、ｎｅｉtheｒ、nｏr,noｔonly,ｎotuntiｌ等放在句首時(shí),句子常倒裝。e.ｇ.Ｎotoｎly＿_(dá)__＿inｔerｅｓｔｅｄｉｎｆootballbｕtaｌso___＿ｂegｉnninｇtｏshowanintereｓtiniｔ.A.ｔheteacherhimselfｉs;aｌlhisstuｄeｎtsａreＢ．theteａcｈｅrhｉmsｅlfis;areallｈisstｕｄentsC.iｓtｈetｅacｈｅrｈｉmsｅlf；areａｌlhissｔｕｄｅnｔsD.istheteaｃherhiｍseｌf;ａllｈisｓtuｄeｎｔsare※Notoｎly…buｔalsｏ句型中,ｎotonly后部分倒裝,ｂutalso后不倒裝。eg.NotｕｎｔilIbegａntowｏrｋ＿＿_(dá)_hoｗｍucｈtimeIｈａdｗaｓted.A.didn'tＩrealiｚeB.ｄidＩreaｌiｚeC.Iｄｉｄn'tｒealiｚeD.Irealｉzｅd（2)Oｎｌｙ+狀語或狀語從句＋其它例如:OnlyinthisｗayｃａnｗelearnＥnglisｈwell.比較:OnlyMoｔhｅrcanｕｎｄersｔandme（3)ｎoｓooner…than…、harｄｌｙ…wｈen…、sｃarcｅlｙ…when…、、so…that…、sｕｃh…ｔｈat…,ｎｏｔoｎly…buｔalｓo…句型中，主句倒裝,從句不倒裝,但要注意:neｉthｅr…nｏr…連接的句子前后兩個(gè)分句都要倒裝。e.gNoｔonlyisshｅsｍartbutalsosheiｓｂeaｕtifｕl.Suｃｈgreatproｇresｓdｉdheｍａｋeｔhatheｗaspraiseｄ.SｏheavyistｈeboxthaｔIcan’tｃarryiｔ.Ｎeitｈerhasheaｐenｃil,ｎorhasheapｅn.（4)虛擬語氣中用倒裝代替ｉf。例如：ＨaｄItime（＝IｆIｈadtime),Iwoｕｌdgoandhｅlpyｏｕ．WereＩyｏｕ（=IfＩweｒｅyou),Iwouldｇｏaｂroａｄ.Ｓhouldhecome（＝Ifheｓhouｌdcome）,teｌlhimtorｉngmeup.(５)aｓ作為“盡管”時(shí)放句首,需將as后的名詞，動詞，形容詞,副詞提前。注意,名詞提前時(shí)要省略冠詞。Yoｕngashｅis,hｅkｎowsalot.Childaｓhｅｉs,ｈeknowｓalot.Obｊeｃｔaｓｙoumａy,Iｗiｌlgo.完全倒裝ｔhere引出的完全倒裝句:除了最常見的tｈerebｅ句型以外，ｔhｅｒｅ還可以接appeaｒ，eｘist,ｌie,rｅmain，seｅmtｏｂe,staｎd等，一般都譯成"有"的含義,構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。例如：Ｔhｅｒeappearedtobｅamaninｂlackinthedisｔaｎce.(遠(yuǎn)處有個(gè)穿黑色衣服的人。)(2)ｉn,out,dｏwn，up,over,awaｙ,ofｆ,bａck,below等副詞作狀語置于句首時(shí),謂語常用動詞有come,gｏ,rush,等不及物動詞練習(xí)：1._____ｂylｏnｇandhardpracｔｉcｅcaｎyouｈopetobｅcomeａgoodpianiｓt．Ａ．OnlyＢ．UnlessC.IfdoingD.Whilｅ2.Bｙnomeans__＿＿_(dá)＿yourｔhrｅe(cuò)-yｅar-olｄｓonalｏneathｏme．A.youｄｏleavｅB.shouldyoulｅavｅC.dｏyoｕｌeaveD.yousｈoulｄleave３.Hａｒdlｙ___＿_(dá)_hisspeechｗheｎheｓawtｈeaudiencｅrｉseasｏｎe.ＡｈadhｅｆiniｓｈedBdｉｄhｅfｉｎｉshCbefｉnishｅdDhehadｆｉnished４._＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_ｔhaｔthisrｅgionwａssoriｃhinnaturaｌｒeｓoｕrces.Ａ.LittleｈeｋｎeｗＢ.LitｔｌｅhedidknowC.LittｌeｄidhｅknｏｗＤ.Ｌiｔtlｅhehａｄknown5．Onlｙafteｒthestormｗasover_＿_(dá)___．A.ｃoｕldwestartofｆB．ｗｅｃｏｕｌdstarｔｏffC.hａdweｓtartedoｆfD.wｅhａdstarteｄoff6．IｖisiteｄJiuzhaｉgoulａｓtａｕtumn.Never__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)soｂeautifuｌaｐlacelikeｔhａt(yī)iｎmyｌiｆe.AＩhａdseeｎBdiｄIseeＣ.hａveIｓeeｎDIshallsｅe(cuò)7.Itwasthemｕsｉchall______weｍetｅachothｅrforthefiｒstｔｉmｅ．ＡｗｈeｎBwhereCwｈichDtｈat8.Iｔwasnotuntｉｌmidniｇht______theｎoiseofthestｒｅｅtｓtoｐｐed．A.that

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D.atｗhich１0.I_＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__waｎttotellyouthetrutｈlastnｉght,butIlacｋedｃouragｅ.A.dｏB.ｄidC.ｄoesD.ｈａvedoｎｅ１1.Wｈｅnｗasｉt__＿＿yoｕmetｈimiｎtheliｂrarｙ?A.whereＢ.thａt(yī)C.inｗhｉcｈD．wｈiｃh12.“Iｍiｓsedｔhｅtrainlａstnight”“so_____”A.ｈａveIB．IhａｖeC.diｄID.Ｉdid１3.Thｅreｗaｓaloudcｒａsｈasｔｈedoorｂrｏke,andｉｎ＿_(dá)__＿tｈepoｌｉｃe.A.didcｏmeＢ.cａmeC.hａvecomeD．theycame主謂一致（見ｐpt)1.NｏbｏdｙｂutJanｅ＿_(dá)__thｅsecｒｅt.A.knowsB.knowＣ．haveknoｗｎD.isｋnoｗn2.Tｈree-fｏｕrthsｏｆthesurfａｃeｏfｔheｅaｒtｈ__＿＿＿_(dá)ｓeａ.A.isB.areＣ.wｅreD.hasbeｅn3．Allｂutoｎe____＿ｈerｅjｕｓtｎow.Ａ．iｓB.wａsC.ｈaｓbeenD.ｗｅｒe4.HｉsＳelectｅdPoeｍs______ｆiｒstpuｂlｉshｅdｉｎ1965．A．wｅrｅB.ｗasC．ｈaｓbeｅnD.is5.Whenａnｄwheｒetobuｉldtheｆacｔorｙ＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__yet.A.ｉsnｏtdeciｄedB.arenotdeｃidedC．hasnotbeendecidedD.havenotdecided6.Ａfoｒｋandkｎifｅ＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)ontheｔable.A.ｉsＢ.arｅC.haｓbeenD.haｖebeｅn7．EｉtｈerTomorI＿_(dá)___＿toblａme.A.tobeB.amC.ａreD．iｓ8.There_____＿_(dá)acupaｎdtｗoglasｓｅsontｈetaｂle．Ａ.isB.aｒｅC．ｗasＤ．were9.Myｃｌｏthｅs＿_(dá)___madetoｏｒder.A．isB.arｅC.haｓD．hａveCｌｏtｈｅs衣服,具體,復(fù)數(shù)名詞e．g.Ichangeｄmyclｏtｈes.Clｏtｈinｇ衣服，抽象，單數(shù)Oｕｒｃlｏthiｎｇｐrotecｔeduｓfrｏmｃｏlｄ.Cｌoth布,單數(shù)1０．Thｅｏｌd＿_(dá)___takengoodcarｅoｆiｎoｕrcountrｙ.A.ｉsB.haｓC.areD.hａｖe１1.Tweｎtyｄollars______eｎoughｆｏrｔhｅcoａt(yī).A.isB.aｒeＣ.ｈａsD.havｅ12．Fｉｖeminusｔhree＿_(dá)___ｔwｏ.A.isB.aｒeC.waｓD.ｗere13.Ｔhenumbeｒｏfpeoｐｌeiｎｖited___＿_(dá)_fifty,butanumbeｒofthｅm____absｅnｔforｄｉfｆerentrｅasons．A.wｅrｅ,wａsB．ｗas,wａsＣ.ｗaｓ，wereD．weｒｅ.14.ＮoｔｏnlyIbutalｓｏJaneandＭａry____tiｒedofhavingoｎeexａminatｉonaｆteranotheｒ．A.isB.areC．a(chǎn)mD.be１5．Ａlｉbrarywithｆivetｈousandｂookｓ______＿totｈｅnaｔｉonasagift．A.isoffｅｒｅdＢ.haveoffｅredＣ．a(chǎn)ｒeofferedＤ.ｈａsoffeｒｅd反義疑問句考點(diǎn):原則:1.前肯后否，前否后肯2.前名后代3.時(shí)態(tài)一致1.反義疑問句的陳述部分為Iaｍ……時(shí)，問句部分習(xí)慣上用ａren’tI?I’mａveryｃleverｇiｒl,areｎ’tI？2.陳述部分為tｈeｒｅ(here）ｂe結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，問句部分用助／系動詞+there／herｅ?形式。Hereisａｓtoryaboｕtmａrktwaｉn,ｉsｎ’thｅｒe？3.陳述句中具有ｕｎ-,iｍ-,in-,dis-，等否認(rèn)意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞語時(shí)，陳述部分要被視為肯定意義，問句部分用否認(rèn)形式。Heisunhaｐpy,isｎ’the?４.ｌetmｅ習(xí)慣上用sｈalｌI?或者ｗillyou？Letus習(xí)慣上用willyｏu?Let's習(xí)慣上用sｈａllwe？5．陳述部分為上述以外的祈使句時(shí)，問句部分一般用wｉllyｏu表達(dá)請求；用wｏｎ’tyou?表達(dá)委婉的請求或邀請。陳述部分為否認(rèn)祈使句時(shí)，問句部分用ｗillyｏu？Readtheteｘt，ｗillｙou?Openthedoｏr,won’tyou？(語氣更委婉一些)6.若陳述句部分具有never,fｅｗ,little,haｒdly，no,seldom,noboｄｙ,nｏtｈing…否認(rèn)詞、半否認(rèn)詞時(shí)，附加疑問句用肯定形式。Hecanharｄlｙuｎdersｔaｎｄiｔ,caｎhｅ?詞形變換考點(diǎn)匯總1.tｈe后兩種考慮１）+名詞2）形容詞比較級,最高級Ｔｈｅ(seｒｖe)_＿_(dá)___hereisｂetterthanthatinotherｒｅstauraｎt.Thｅisthｅ(happy)____＿_(dá)_ｔimeIhaveeveｒｈad．２.動詞考點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)：過去，正在進(jìn)行，完畢時(shí)語態(tài)：積極，被動注意積極表被動;有些詞不能用被動虛擬語氣分詞做狀語一個(gè)單詞被逗號隔開，變?yōu)楦痹~(Ａct）_______＿_(dá),Iｈavｅｎoideaaboutwhａ