英語長難句分析與練習(xí)(四)

Exercise：1長難句分析Eversincetheywerefirstputonthemarketintheearly1990s,geneticallymodified（GM轉(zhuǎn)基因）foodshavebeenincreasinglydevelopedandmarketedinmanycountriesintheworld,mainlyonthebasisoftheirpromisetoendtheworldwidefoodcrisis.【句式翻譯】 【句式分析】 【詞語點(diǎn)撥】basisn.基礎(chǔ)；構(gòu)成短語：onthebasisof以 為基礎(chǔ)不要以相貌取人。史密斯先生定期去健身房?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，具體用法參見第11句。Atnineo’clockonSaturdaymorning,I’llbesittinginthefrontrowandlisteningtothegreatprofessorWillardtalkingaboutthefutureofmybrain.【句式翻譯】 【句式分析】 【詞語點(diǎn)撥】listenvi.聽（后面常接介詞to）你怎么說他也不聽.今天下午我們要去聽報(bào)告。【語法點(diǎn)撥】將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：willbedoing，表示“將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或表示要在將來某一時(shí)間開始，并繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作”。常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請(qǐng)求等。如：部長將就國際事務(wù)發(fā)表演講。明天8點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)之間請(qǐng)不要給我打電話，我那時(shí)正在上課。TherecentcaseofanAmericanwomen,TerriSchiavo,whosehusbandwonalegalbattletohavehertakenofflifesupportmachinesaftershespent15yearsinacoma-likestate,hasexposedthemanysensitivelegalandmedicalissuesthatsurroundthecareofcomapatients.【句式翻譯】 【句式分析】 【詞語點(diǎn)撥】1）sensitiveadj.敏感的；易受影響的嬰兒對(duì)母親聲音的最細(xì)小變化都很敏感。我的牙齒對(duì)冷熱真地很敏感。surroundvt.包圍；環(huán)繞,圍繞你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，幸福其實(shí)就是在你身邊。這些圖像給參觀者產(chǎn)生身處野生動(dòng)物之中的感覺?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】havesthdone有三種含義：1）請(qǐng)別人做某事，相當(dāng)于getsthdone2）遭受一種不幸3）完成某項(xiàng)工作；在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，done做賓補(bǔ)，和賓語sth之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。如：我們立刻請(qǐng)人把電腦修好了。昨晚我的手表被偷了。另外，havesbdo…讓某人去做 ，havesbdoing讓一直做 ；在這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，do和doing和賓語之間都是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。如：我要朋友在公園門口等我。那兩個(gè)人讓燈通宵亮著。TheskiresortwhereMr.Weiworkscostnearly$4mtosetupandassoofteninChinawhensomeonecomesupwithagoodidea,manyothershashinandpricewarsbreakout.【解析】 【翻譯】 Sciencecan'texplainthepowerofpets,butmanystudieshaveshownthatthecompanyofpetscanhelplowerbloodpressure（血壓）andraisechancesofrecoveringfromaheartattack,reducelonelinessandspreadall-roundgoodcheer.【解析】 【翻譯】 Exercise2：閱讀練習(xí)FoodfestivalsaroundtheworldStiltonCheeseRollingMayDayisatraditionaldayforcelebrations,butthe2,000EnglishvillagersofStiltonmustbetheonlypeopleintheworldwhoincludecheeserollingintheirannualplans.Teamsoffour,dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes,rollacompletecheesealonga50-metrecourse.Ontheway,theymustnotkickorthrowtheircheese,orgointotheircompetitors'lane（賽道）.CompetitionisfierceandthechiefprizeisacompleteStiltoncheeseweighingaboutfourkilos（disappointingly,butunderstandablythecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones）.Allthecompetitorsarcservedwithbeerorportwine,thetraditionalaccompanimentforStiltoncheese.FieryFoodsFestival—TheHottestFestivalonEarthEveryyearmorethan10,000peopleheadforthecityofAlbuquerque,NewMexico.TheycomefromasfarawayasAustralia,theCaribbeanandChina,buttheyallshareacommonaddiction—foodthatisnotjustspicy（辛辣），buthotenoughtomakeyourmouthburn,yourheadspinandyoureyeswater.TheirdestinationistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalwhichisheldoveraperiodofthreeclayseveryMarch.Youmightliketotryachocolate-coveredhabaneropepper—officiallythehottestpepperintheworld—oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareonshow.Butonething'sforsure—ifyoudon'tlikethefeelingofaburningtongue,thisfestivalisn'tforyou!LaTomatina—TheWorld'sBiggestFoodFightOnthelastWednesdayofeveryAugust,theSpanishtownofBunolhostsEaTomatina—theworld'slargestfoodfight.Aweek-longcelebrationleadsuptoanexcitingtomatobattleasthehighlightoftheweek'sevents.Theearlymorningseesthearrivaloflargetruckswithtomatoes—officialfight-startersgetthingsgoingbycastingtomatoesatthecrowd.Thebattlelastslittlemorethanhalfanhour,inwhichtimearound50,000kilogramsoftomatoeshavebeenthrownatanyoneoranythingthatmoves,runs,orfightsback.Theneveryoneheadsdowntotherivertomakefriendsagain—andforamuch-neededwash!1.IntheStiltoncheeserollingcompetition,competitorsoneachteammust.A.wearvariousformalclothesB.rollawoodencheeseintheirownlaneC.kickorthrowtheircheeseD.usearealcheeseweighingaboutfourkilos.WhereistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalheld?A.InNewMexico.B.IntheCaribbean.C.InAustralia.D.InChina..ThecelebrationofLaTomatinalasts .A.threedaysB.sevendaysC.lessthanthreedaysD.morethansevendays.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ThechiefprizefortheStiltoncheeserollingcompetitionisbeerorportwine.B.Morethan10,000ChinesetakepailintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.C.ThousandsofspicyfoodsareonshowintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.D.AnexcitingtomatobattletakesplaceatthebeginningofLaTomatina.參考答案.【句式翻譯】自從二十世紀(jì)九十年代早期首次投入市場(chǎng)以來，轉(zhuǎn)基因食物就不斷地在很多國家開發(fā)和銷售，主要是基于想要結(jié)束世界糧食危機(jī)。【句式分析】本句是一個(gè)含有since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句，havebeendevelopedandmarketed...是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。Don’tevaluateapersononthebasisofappearance.Mr.Smithgoestothegymonaregularbasis..【句式翻譯】星期六上午九點(diǎn)鐘，我將會(huì)坐在前排，聆聽偉大的威拉德教授談?wù)摯竽X的未來發(fā)展。【句式分析】本句是簡(jiǎn)單句，運(yùn)用了將來進(jìn)行時(shí)，含有一個(gè)復(fù)合賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)，talkingabout…在句中作賓補(bǔ)。Whateveryousaid,hesimplywouldn’tlisten.We’regoingtolistentoareportthisafternoon.Theministerwillbegivingaspeechoninternationalaffairs.Pleasedon’tcallmebetween8:00and10:00tomorrow.I’llbehavingmyclassesthen..【句式翻譯】最近一位美國婦女TerriSchiavo的案例已經(jīng)暴露出許多關(guān)于對(duì)昏迷病人的護(hù)理的敏感的司法和醫(yī)學(xué)問題，她的丈夫打贏了一場(chǎng)官司，在她在昏迷狀態(tài)下度過15年之后，把她與她的生命供應(yīng)機(jī)切斷了。【句式分析】本句是復(fù)合句，主語是Therecentcase，謂語是hasexposed，關(guān)系代詞whose在句中引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞TerriSchiavo；關(guān)系代詞that在句中引導(dǎo)一個(gè)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞issues，takenoff在句中作賓補(bǔ)。Ababyissensitivetotheslightestchangesinitsmother’svoice.Myteetharereallysensitivetohotandcold.Youwilldiscoverthatyouaresurroundedbyhappiness.Thevideoimagesmadethevisitorsfeeltheyweresurroundedwithwildlife.Wehadthecomputerrepairedimmediately.Ihadmywatchstolenlastnight.Iwouldhavemyfriendwaitformeatthegateofthepark.Thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong..【解析】where引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)小的定語從句，when引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)狀語從句，由此構(gòu)成了這個(gè)句子?！痉g】魏先生工作的滑雪場(chǎng)將近花費(fèi)了4百萬，并且在中國，當(dāng)其他人想出了一個(gè)主意，其他人就會(huì)爆發(fā)一場(chǎng)聲勢(shì)浩大的價(jià)格戰(zhàn)。.【解析】本句是由表轉(zhuǎn)折but連接的并列句。前一分句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，but的后一分句中，主干是manystudieshaveshownthat,that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語從句，而這個(gè)賓語從句又是由一個(gè)較為復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞help后面接的是四個(gè)省略to的并歹列賓語lower...andraise...,reduce...andspread...。【翻譯】科學(xué)無法解釋寵物的力量，不過很多研究表明，有寵物的陪伴能幫助降低血壓和增加心臟病發(fā)作后康復(fù)的機(jī)會(huì)，減少孤獨(dú)感，并向周圍傳遞喜悅的心情。【解析】本文是一篇說明文，分別講述了英國、新墨西哥以及巴西的幾個(gè)關(guān)于食物的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第一段Teamsoffour,dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes,rollacompletecheesealonga50-metrecourse.四個(gè)隊(duì)伍，穿著滑稽搞笑的衣服，