2020年10月份自考英語二真題及答案解析

2020年10月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試英語（二）

試卷（課程代碼00015）本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿分100分，考試時(shí)間150分鐘?？忌痤}注意事項(xiàng)：1．本卷所有試題必須在答題卡上作答。答在試卷上無效，試卷空白處和背面均可作草稿紙。2第一部分為選擇題必須對(duì)應(yīng)試卷上的題號(hào)使用2B鉛筆將“答題卡的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。3．第二部分為非選擇題。必須注明大、小題號(hào)。使用0.5毫來黑色字跡簽宇筆作答。4．合理安排答題空間，超出答題區(qū)域無效。第一部分

選擇題一、閱讀判斷（繁1-10題，每題1分，共10分）下面的短文后刊出了10個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)報(bào)據(jù)短文內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，選擇A如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，選擇B：如果該句的信息文中沒有提及選擇在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑未涂、錯(cuò)涂、多涂或少涂均無分。TheStrangerChangedMyLifeItwasasunnymorninginthespringof1966.Iwasdrivingataxi,lookingforacustomer.WhilepassingNewYorkHospital,foundamanrunningdownthehospitalsteps,wavingme.Istopped.Themanreachedthetaxiandjumpedin.“TheAirport,please,”hesaid.Asalways,Iwonderedaboutmypassenger.Wasthismanatalker?Afterafewmoments,hestartedsaying,“Howdoyoulikedrivingataxi?"“It's”Isaid.“Imakealivingandmeetinterestingpeople”“Whatdoyoudo?”Iasked.“IamadoctoratNew”Manytimesduringlongrides,I'ddevelopedagoodrelationshipwithmypassengersandreceivedverygoodadvicefromthem.ThistimeIdecidedaskforhishelp.“CouldIaskafavorofyou?”Hedidn'tanswer.“Ihaveason,15,agoodkid.Hewantsajobthissummer.itpossiblethatyougetone”Hestillwasn'ttalking,Iwasstartingtofeelfoolish.

nally,hesaid,“Well,my

studentsasummerresearchproject.Maybehecouldjoinin.Havehimsendmehisschool”Helefthisaddressandpaidme.ItwasthelasttimeIeversawhim.Robbiesentoffhisgradesthenextmorning.Andgraduallythisincidentwasforgotten.Twoweekslater,whenIarrivedhomefromwork,Robbiehandedmealetter.wasinformedtocallDr.Plumforaninterview.Robbiegotthejob.Thefollowingsummer,Robbieworkedatthehospitalagain,butthistime,hewasgivenmoreresponsibility.Then,heworkedatthehospitalforathirdsummerandgraduallydevelopedaloveofmedicalprofession.Neargraduatingfromcollege,RobbieappliedtoandwasadmittedtoNewYorkMedicalCollege.Aftergettinghismedicaldegree,Robbie,thesonofataxidriver,becameadoctoratColumbiaMedicalCenter.1.Thedoctorshoutedatthetaxidriverforaride.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：B解析at意為……大喊呵斥根據(jù)文中第二Themanreachedthetaxiandjumpedin.“TheAirport,”hesaid.八Finally,hesaid,……可知，醫(yī)生并沒有朝司機(jī)大喊大叫或呵斥。故選B2.Thedoctorwantedgototherailwaystationbytaxi.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：B解析根據(jù)文中第二““TheAirport,please,”hesaid.可知生是要去機(jī)場(chǎng)，而不是火車站。故選B3.Thetaxidriverlikedtalkingwithhiscustomers.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：A解析：根據(jù)文中“Manytimesduringlongrides,I'ddevelopedagoodrelationshipwithmypassengersandreceivedverygoodadvicefromthem.”可知，很多次司機(jī)和他的乘客都相處的很好并且能從乘客身上得到很好的建議可推出司機(jī)喜歡喝他的乘客聊天。

4.Thetaxidriverhadtwochildren.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：C解析：文中第七段Ihaveason提到司機(jī)有一個(gè)兒子，但并沒有指出是否有其他孩子,故選。5.ThetaxidriverbecameDr.Plum'sfriend.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：B解析：根據(jù)文中第九段“ItwasthelasttimeIeversawhim.”可知，這是司機(jī)最后一次見到這位醫(yī)生，并沒有和他成為朋友。故選B6.ThedoctorwrotearecommendationletterforRobbie.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：C解析根據(jù)文中第十“Robbiesentoffhisgradesthenextmorning.“wasinformedtocallDr.Plumforaninterview.”提出司機(jī)的兒子羅比把成績(jī)寄給了醫(yī)生，并且他還需要去面試，但并沒有說這位醫(yī)生是否有寫推薦信。7.Robbiejoinedasummerresearchproject.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：A解析：根據(jù)文中第十一段Robbiegotthejob.”可知，羅比得到了這份工作，即上文提到的夏日研究項(xiàng)目。8.Robbiegraduallyinterestedinmedicine.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven答案：A解析根據(jù)文中第十一“Then,heworkedatthehospitalforathirdandgraduallydevelopedaloveofmedicalprofession.”可知，羅比是漸漸地對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)感興趣的。故選A9.RobbiefinallybecameadoctoratNewHospital.A.TrueB.FalseNotGiven

答案：B解析：根據(jù)文章最后一句“Aftergettinghismedicaldegree,Robbie,thesonofataxidriver,becameaatColumbiaMedicalCenter.”可知，羅比是在哥倫比亞醫(yī)藥中心（ColumbiaMedicalCenter）做醫(yī)生，而不是在紐約醫(yī)院（NewYorkHospital）。10.Bigopportunitiescancomeoutofordinarymeetings.A.TrueB.False

C.NotGiven答案：A解析：根據(jù)文章最后一句“Aftergettinghismedicaldegree,Robbie,thesonofataxidriver,becameaatColumbiaMedicalCenter.”可知，羅比只是一個(gè)出租車司機(jī)的兒子最后卻在哥倫比亞醫(yī)療中心做醫(yī)生由此推出好機(jī)會(huì)可以來自一些普通的會(huì)面中。第二部分：閱讀選擇（第1115題，每題分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，請(qǐng)從短文后所給各題的個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。TalktoYourKidsaboutTheirEatingHabitsCarefullyWeightisnevereasysubject.canberiskyforparentsraisetheofeatinghabitsandweightwiththeirkids.“Nokideverlostweightbecausehismothertoldhimhewasfat,”afriendtoldmewhenIwasworriedaboutmyson'sweight.Itturnsshewasright,accordinganewstudy.ThestudywasdirectedbyDr.BergeatUniversityofMinnesota.Shefoundthatkidswhoseparentsdiscussedeatinginahealthywaywerelesslikelytohaveeatingproblems.Butofthekidswhoseparentsfocusedontheirweightturnedtounhealthyeatingbehaviors.Somekidswentonextremediets,andothersevenatenofood.Soeatingdisorderswerecaused.Thingswereworsewhenfathersjoinedinthediscussionswiththeirdaughtersandfocusedonweight.“Fathersshouldnevercommentontheirdaughters'weight,saysBerge.Instead,shesuggests,fathersshouldfocusontheirdaughters'interests.Thatcanhelpthemfeellovedandconfidentenoughtoworkontheirweightissues.Howshouldparentstalktokidsabouteatingbehaviors?AccordingtoBerge,

theyshouldavoidfocusinghowmuchtheirkidsweigh.Theyshouldtalktothemaboutbeinghealthy.Don'tcomparethemwithothers.Ideally,bothparentsshouldsharetheresponsibility.Ifthat'snotpossible,choosetheparentwhosewordscausetheleastamountofstressandwhodemonstrateshealthyeating.11.Thewriter'sfriendadvisedhernotto.A.worryaboutherweightB.taketheofgainingweightC.changehereatinghabitstalktohersonabouthisweight答案：D解析：根據(jù)文中第二段的““Nokideverlostweightbecausehismothertoldhimhewasfat,”afriendtoldwhenIwasworriedaboutmyson'sweight.”可知孩子不會(huì)因?yàn)槟赣H說自己胖就去減肥可推出朋友建議不要和孩子談?wù)擉w重，故選D12.ThestudyfoundthatsomekidshadfewereatingproblemsbecausetheyA.learnedeathealthilyC.focusedontheirweight

B.tookpartinthestudyD.believedscientists答案：A解析：根據(jù)文中第三段的“Shefoundthatkidswhoseparentsdiscussedeatinginahealthywaywerelesslikelytohaveeating”可知，父母如果和孩子討論健康的飲食方法孩子就會(huì)少出現(xiàn)飲食問題由此可推出孩子之所以少出現(xiàn)飲食問題，是因?yàn)閷W(xué)會(huì)了健康飲食。故選13.Whentoldabouttheirfatness,somekids_______?A.felthelplessB.becameangryC.begantoeatnofoodD.refusedtotakeadvice答案：C解析據(jù)文中第三段Butofthekidswhoseparentsfocusedontheirweightturnedtounhealthyeatingbehaviors.Somekidswentonextremediets,andothersevenatenofood.”中關(guān)鍵詞othersevenateno”，可知有些孩子在這種情況下會(huì)不吃任何實(shí)物，故選C14.Ifafatherfocuseshisdaughter'sinterests,shewillfeel_____.A.amusedB.encouragedC.surprisedchallenged

答案：B解析：根據(jù)文中第三段的“fathersshouldontheirdaughters'interests.Thatcanhelpthemfeellovedandconfidentenoughtoworkontheirweightissues.”中關(guān)鍵詞“”可知，A好笑）、（驚訝）、D（挑戰(zhàn)）都不合適，故選B15.Whentalkingtotheirkidsabouteatingbehaviors,parentsshould.A.focusonbeinghealthyB.useshortandsimplewordsC.respecttheirkids'views

D.comparetheirkidswithothers答案：A解析：根據(jù)文中最后一段的“Theyshouldtalktothemaboutbeinghealthy.”可知，父母應(yīng)該關(guān)注健康飲食，故選A第三部分：概括段落大意和補(bǔ)全句子（第16?25題，每題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，請(qǐng)完成短文后2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)（）從1620題后所給的個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第每段選擇個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）從第25題后所給的個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇5個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。在答題紙相應(yīng)位罝上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑。Plagiarism(剽竊）①YoujustfoundsomegoodstuffontheWebforyoursciencereport.Youcopyaparagraphandpasteitintoyourreport.Thenyoucontinueyourresearch.Butyoujustmadeabigmistake.Youcommittedplagiarism.Plagiarismiswhenyouelse'swordsideasandpretendthattheyareyours.It'snotallowedinschool,college,orbeyond.②Theword“plagiarism”comesfromItmeansstealingaperson'sButit'snotalwayseasytotellwhatisplagiarismandwhatisnot.Sometimes,it'saccidental.Youreallyintendedtodoyourownwork,yetendedupwithsomesentencessoundlikesomethingyou'veread.③Thoughplagiarismcanbeaccidental,it'ssometimesonpurpose.That'sjustbeinglazy.Bycopyingwholeparagraphsfromdifferentplaces,youdon'thavetospendthetimethinkingaboutthesubject,gatheringyourownthoughtsaboutit,andthenputtingthemintooriginalwords.paste,andyou're④Mostschoolsareprettystrictaboutplagiarism.Ifyou'recaught,your

graduationwillbedelayedorworse.Attheveryleast,you'reprobablygoingtofailtheassignment.Whenyou'reolderandincollege,someschoolswillkickoutstudentsplagiarize.Whenyou'rekickedoutofonecollege,canbehardtogetintoanother.⑤Tobeonthesafeside,alwaysmakeitclearwheretheinformationfrom.Youneedtowritereferences.That'salistofthesourcesusedforaprojectorreport.Todothat,you'llneedtoknowtheauthor,thetitle,thedateitwaspublished.Ifyouwritesomethingreallygreat,maybedaywillquoteyouinareport.plagiarismC.ThedefinitionofplagiarismplagiarismE.plagiarismTask116.Paragraph①答案：C解析鍵committedplagiarism.Plagiarismiswhenyouelse'wordsorideasandpretendthattheyare提出剽竊并解釋其概念，所以該段談的是剽竊的含義。17.Paragraph②答案：D解析：關(guān)鍵句Sometimes,it'saccidental.”，引出意外剽竊，并在該句之后繼續(xù)解釋意外剽竊，所以該段談的是意外剽竊。18.Paragraph③答案：A解析：關(guān)鍵句“Thoughplagiarismcanbeaccidental,it'ssometimesonpurpose.”，承接上文意外剽竊，引出故意剽竊，并在改句之后闡述故意剽竊，所以該段談的是故意剽竊。

19.Paragraph④答案：B解析：關(guān)鍵句“you'reyourgraduationwillbedelayedor”，如果被抓到剽竊，你會(huì)被延遲畢業(yè)，或者更糟。所以該段談的是剽竊的代價(jià)。20.Paragraph⑤答案：F解析：關(guān)鍵句beonthesafeside,alwaysmakeitclearwheretheinformationcomesfrom.”，為了避免剽竊，就一定要注明句子的出處，并且在該句之后對(duì)繼續(xù)闡述注明出處的詳情?？梢娫摱握劦氖潜苊庳飧`。A.youwillbepunishedB.youhavegreatideasC.quoteyouintheirreportsD.takeothers'ideasasyoursE.saveyoumuchtimeF.youplagiarizeornotTask221.Youcommitplagiarismwhenyou____________.答案：D解析第一“Plagiarismiswhenyouusesomeoneelse'swordsorideasandpretendthattheyareyours.”關(guān)鍵詞“useelse'wordsorideas使用別人的言詞或者想法。22.Sometimesithardtotellwhether___________.答案：F解析：第二段“Butit'snotalwayseasytotellwhatisplagiarismandwhatisnot.”，是否是剽竊不容易分辨。23.Copyingwholeparagraphs___________.答案：E解析：第三段“Bycopyingwholeparagraphsfromdifferentplaces,youdon't

havetospendthetimethinkingaboutthesubject”，從不同地方復(fù)制整個(gè)段落，你就不用再花時(shí)間去想這個(gè)?？梢姀?fù)制整個(gè)段落，可以節(jié)省時(shí)間。24.Oncecaughtplagiarism,___________.答案：A解析四Ifyou'reyourgraduationwillbedelayedorworse.如果被抓到剽竊，會(huì)被延遲畢業(yè)或者更糟，可見一旦抓到剽竊，就會(huì)受到懲罰。25.Ifyoupublishsomethinggreat,people___________.答案：C解析：文章最后一句“Ifyouwritesomethingreallygreat,maybesomedaywillquoteyouinareport.”如果你寫了一些很好的作品，那么就可能會(huì)有人在報(bào)告中引用你的言詞。第四部分：填句補(bǔ)文（第2630題，每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有5處空白短文后有6個(gè)句子其中5個(gè)取自短文請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位罝以恢復(fù)文章原貌并在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑。FruitImagineaworldwithoutfruit.Wewouldn'tbeveryhealthy.Wegetalotofimportantvitaminsfromeatingfruit.Wethinkoffruitprimarilyassomethingtoeat.26FruitispartofafloweringplantanditcarriestheThepurposeoffruitistoprotectaplant'sseedsandhelpthemspreadabout.Windandwaterspreadseeds.Sodoanimalswhentheyeatfruitanddroptheseeds.27Therearetwomaintypesoffruit:fleshyanddry.Fleshyfruitsareandjuicy.Pears,bananasandapplesareallfleshyfruits.28Grainslikewheatandrice,ornutslikechestnuts板栗)，aredryfruits.Butwait:You'veeatenorangesandgrapeswithoutseeds.Howcantheybefruits?It'sbecausepeoplehavechangedthewaytheygrowfruit.TheycannowgrowseedlessSeedlessfruitcomesspecialplantsthataremadebycombiningtwovarietiesofafruitformanewvariety.Thesespecialplantsgrowandproduceseeds.Theseplantscannotreproducethemselves.Theycanmakefruit,the

fruithasseeds.Fruitsareasourceofsubstanceskeepaliveandhealthy.Sopeoplemakeuseoffruitsformanyfoods.Wemakejuicesfromthem.Wemakejamsandsweets.30Beercomesfromgrainsandwinecomesfromgrapes,andsomeparticularwinesaremadefromapples,peaches,orotherfruits.A.Dryfruitsareandhard.B.Weevenmakealcoholfromfruit.C.Butfruithasapurposequiteapartourneeds.D.Sotheseplantsproducefleshyfruits.E.Thentheseedsgrowintonewplants.F.Buttheplantsgrownfromtheseseedsareseedless.26.答案：C解析根據(jù)26空前“Wethinkoffruitprimarilyassomethingtoeat.提到水果我們主要想到它是用來吃的以及后“purposeoffruitistoprotectaplant'sseedsandhelpthemgetspreadabout.提到水果的目的C選項(xiàng)說水果除了滿足我們的需要還有一個(gè)目的，符合文意。27.答案：E解析據(jù)27空前Sodoanimalswhentheyeatfruitanddropthe”提到動(dòng)物吃掉水果，丟棄種子。E選項(xiàng)說種子長(zhǎng)成新的植物，符合文意。28.答案：A解析：根據(jù)28空前文“Therearetwomaintypesoffruit:fleshyanddry.”提到兩種類型水果：多汁的和無汁的，以及后文“Grainslikewheatandrice”談到是無汁的，可知A項(xiàng)符合文意。29.F答案：F解析：根據(jù)29空前文“Thesespecialplantsgrowandproduceseeds.提到

這些特殊的植物生長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生種子，以及后文“

Theseplantscannotreproducethemselves.”提到這些植物不能再次繁殖F選項(xiàng)提到這些種子長(zhǎng)成的植物是沒有種子的，推出沒有種子就不能繁殖，正好符合后文的意義。30.答案：B解析：根據(jù)30空前文“Wemakejamsand”提到我們用水果制作果醬和糖果，以及后文啤酒喝紅酒的制作，推出此處應(yīng)該寫我們用水果制造酒。第五部分：填詞補(bǔ)文（第3140題，每題1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10處空白，短文后列出12個(gè)詞，其中10個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位罝，以恢復(fù)文章原貌并在答題紙相應(yīng)位罝上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑。MentalActivitiesHelpSaveMemoryDoingmentalactivitiesishelpful.Readingbooksandwritingatanymaysavememory,anew31finds.ThestudywasconductedbysomeAmericanneurologists(神經(jīng)病學(xué)家)It294people.Theyweregivenonmemoryandthinking.Theyhadthetestsonceayearforsixyears.Theywerealsoaskedtotalkabouttheirmentalactivitiesduringchildhood,intheiryouth,duringmiddleageandattheirage.Someofthosepeopledidmentalactivitiesbothandlateinlife.Theyhadaslowerofdeclineinmemorythantheothers.Theothersdidsuchactivities.Theirrateofdeclineinmemorywas.“Mentalactivitieslikereadingandwritingaregreat.Theybringbenefits.Weshouldn't40theireffectsonourchildren,ourselvesandour”saidRobertWilson,leadauthorofthestudy.A.earlyB.testsC.seldomD.taught

E.fasterF.produceG.studyH.current

I.involvedJ.neglectK.rateL.really

31.答案：G解析：原文“Doingmentalactivitiesishelpful.Readingbooksandwritingatanymaysavememory,anewfinds.”短語studyfinds一份調(diào)查。32.答案：I解析：原文“It32”根據(jù)句意可推出此處是說這項(xiàng)調(diào)查包括294人，I選項(xiàng)符合文意。33.答案：B解析：原文“Theyweregivenonmemoryandthinking.”可知此處應(yīng)填寫名詞，后文中談到“tests”，可知B選項(xiàng)符合文意。34.答案：H解析：原文“Theywerealsoaskedtotalkabouttheirmentalactivitiesduringchildhood,intheiryouth,duringmiddleageandattheirage.”可知此處需要修飾“”，用“current”修飾，表示目前的年紀(jì)35.答案：A解析：原文“Someofthosepeopledidmentalactivitiesbothandlateinlife.”可知，用“”和“”形成對(duì)應(yīng)。36.答案：K解析：原文“Theyhadaslowerofdeclineinmemorythantheothers.”處缺少名詞，“aslowerrateofdecline”一個(gè)較慢的速度下降并且后文提到“rate”，正好與之對(duì)應(yīng)。37.

答案：C解析：原文Theothersdidsuchactivities.”可知此處需要填寫副詞，前文拿那些參加心智活動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的人和另外一些人做對(duì)比知另外的這些人是沒有參加那些活動(dòng)的，選C符合文意。38.答案：E解析：原文“Theirrateofdeclineinmemorywas.”承接前文提到的那些沒有參加心智活動(dòng)的人記憶力下降更快，選項(xiàng)“”符合文意。39.答案：L解析：原文They39bringbenefits.”可知需要填寫副詞，前文提到那些參加心智活動(dòng)的人記憶力下降更慢一些，可知這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)給他們帶來益處，選項(xiàng)符合文意。40.答案：J解析：原文“Weshouldn'ttheireffectsonourchildren,ourselvesandour”saidRobertWilson,leadauthorofthestudy.”可知此處需要填寫動(dòng)詞，前文提到這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)有益，可推測(cè)此處應(yīng)談到不應(yīng)忽略對(duì)孩子的影響，選項(xiàng)符合文意。第六部分：完形補(bǔ)文（第4150題，每題1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10處空白，每處空白后的括號(hào)內(nèi)有一個(gè)詞，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其正確的形式填入文中，以恢復(fù)文章原貌，并將答案寫在答題紙相應(yīng)的位置上。LaborMarketDeclineThedeclineofthelabormarketiseasyto(interpret).Therearemanyreasonsforthat.Duringthelargenumbersofwomenandyoungadults(bear)duringthebabyenteredintotheworkforce.That42(result)intoomanyworkersforthejobsavailableandwages.Thedeclinealsohassomethingtodowiththeexplosive(grow)inworldtrade1960.As44(manufacture)technologieshavebecomemoremobile，productionjobshave(move)fromtheU.S.tocountrieswherewagesarelow.In(add),technologyitselfhashelpedtocausetheshiftsinthejobmarket.Forexample,(few)Americanworkersareneededtomakesteeltodaythaninthepast,becausenew

48(machine)havemademanyoftheirtasks(necessary).Finally,thehighrateof50(employment)causedbythesefactorshastendedtodrivewagesdownfurther.41.答案：born解析原“Duringthelargenumbersofwomenandyoungadults41(bear)duringthebabyboomenteredintothework此處為動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式born。42.答案：resulted解析：原文“That(result)intoomanyworkersforthejobsavailableandwages.可知事情發(fā)生在過去需要用過去時(shí)態(tài)并且resultin意為導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是，可知用resulted。43.答案：growth解析：原文“Thedeclinealsohassomethingtodowiththeexplosive(grow)inworldtrade1960.”可知此處需填名詞，用grow的名詞形式growth，意為爆炸式增長(zhǎng)。44.答案：manufacturing解析：原文“As44(manufacture)technologieshavebecomemoremobile，”此處需用形容詞來修飾technologies，因此用manufacturing。45.答案：moved解析：原文“productionjobshave(mov