2022年全國研究生入學(xué)考試英語押題試卷(一)

2023年最新整理——考試真題資料2023年最新整理——考試真題資料2023年最新整理——考試真題資料2022(一)Duringthe1980s,unemploymentandunderemploymentinsomecountrieswasashighas90percent.Somecountriesdidnot1enoughfood;basicneedsinhousingandclothingwerenot2.Manyofthesecountrieslookedtotheindustrialprocessesofthedevelopednations3solutions.4 , problems cannot always be solved by copying theindustrializednations.Industryinthedevelopednationsishighlyautomatedandvery5.Itprovidesfewerjobsthanlabor-intensiveindustrialprocesses,andhighly6workersareneededto7andrepairtheequipment.Theseworkersmustbetrained,8manynationsdonothavethenecessarytraininginstitutions.Thus,the9ofimportingindustrybecomeshigher.Studentsmustbesentabroadto10vocationalandprofessionaltraining.11,justtobegintraining,thestudentsmust12learnEnglish,French,German,orJapanese.Thestudentsthenspendmanyyearsabroad,and13donotreturnhome.Allnationsagreethatscienceandtechnology14beshared.Thepointis,countries15theindustrialprocessesofthedevelopednationsneedtolookcarefully16thecosts,becausemanyofthesecostsare17.Studentsfromthesenationsshould18theproblemsoftheindustrializedcountriesclosely.19care,theywilltakehomenottheproblemsofscienceandtechnology,20thebenefits.[A]generate [B]raise [C]produce [D]manufacture[A]answered [B]met [C]calculated [D]remembered[A]for [B]without [C]as [D]about[A]Moreover [B]Therefore [C]Anyway [D]However[A]expensive [B]mechanical [C]flourishing complicated[A]gifted [B]skilled [C]trained [D]skillful[A]keep [B]maintain [C]retain [D]protect[A]since [B]so [C]and [D]yet[A]charge [B]price [C]cost [D]value[A]accept [B]gain [C]receive [D]absorb[A]Frequently [B]Incidentally [C]Occasionall Eventually[A]soon [B]quickly [C]immediately [D]first[A]some [B]others [C]several [D]few[A]might [B]should [C]would [D]will[A] adopting [B] conductin [C] receiving adjusting[A]to [B]at [C]on [D]about[A]small [B]secret [C]obvious [D]hidden[A]tackle [B]learn [C]study [D]deal[A]In [B]Through [C]With [D]Under[A]except [B]no [C]or [D]but（120選擇您認(rèn)為正確的答案Text1Perhapsnopoet”scareerwasmorecloselyassociatedwiththe印象派thanwasthatofHerverse,withitsprecise,clearimages,typifiedtheimagistsrebellionagainstwhattheyperceivedasthesentimentalismandcarelesstechniquesofnineteenth-centurypoetry.H.D.attendedprivateschoolsinPhiladelphiaandthenBryanMawrCollege.TheloveofclassicalantiquitysheacquiredduringtheseyearslatersurfacedinthemanyreferencesinherpoetrytofiguresfromGreekandEgyptianmythologyandinherclassicalnotionsofbeautyandform.WhileinPhiladelphiashealsobeganmakingfriendshipswithEzraPound,WilliamCarlosWilliams,andHarrietMonroe.In1911,H.D.sailedforEurope,wherehercareerbegan.SoonafterarrivinginLondon,sherenewedherfriendshipwithPoundandmetandmarriedRichardAldington,anImagistpoetandnovelistwhoalsodirectlyinfluencedtheshapeofherwriting.ShebeganwritingshortpoemsthatsoimpressedPoundwiththeirprecisedescriptionanddictionthatheinsistedshesubmitthemtoHarrietMonroe”sPoetrymagazinesigned“H.D.,Imagist.“ShepersistedinusingherinitialsfortheremainderofhercareercloselylinkedtotheImagistrebellionagainstmoretraditionalpoetry.Theclear,spare,andenergeticlyricsofH.D.”searlypoems,withtheirclassicalimages,laterbecamefuller,freer,and“open“philosophicexplorationsoftheworld.BythedestructionoftheSecondWorldWarthatshewitnessedevokeddeepervisionsoftherelationshipofancienttruthstomodernrealities.ThatvisionisexpressedinsuchworksasTruiolg（三部曲（194，HeleninEgypt（1961）andherlastwork,HermeticDefinition（1961）.H.D.”sindustryandliteralachievementarejustbeginningberecognizedandappreciated.Inadditiontoherpoetry,shewroteseveralnovels,includingPalimpses（重寫本（192,Heylu（192,andBidMetoManyofherotherpoems,essays,shortstorieshavebeenpublishedposthumously.21 、 The main topic of

passage

is mostprobably （此題分值：1）「正確答案」B[A]H.D.”searlyworks[B]H.D.”scontributionstoaliterarymovementTheinfluenceofnineteenth-centurypoetryonH.D.”sworkTheroleofmythologyinpoetry22、Accordingtothepassage,theImagistsrevoltedagainstearlierpoets”emphasison .「正確答案」D[A]stricttechnique[B]theclassic

（此題分值：1）[C]beautyandform[D]emotion23、H.D.wasencouragedtosubmitherworktoPoetrymagazineby .（此題分值：1分）「正確答案」B[A]RichardAldington[D]WilliamCarlosWilliams

[B]EzraPound [C]HarrietMonroe24、It can be inferred from the passage that H.D.”work .（此題分值分）「正確答案」D[A]discussedpersonalrelationships[B]wastypicalofnineteenth-century[C]wasdifficulttounderstand[D]becamemorewidelyknownafterherdeath2、Thewordposthumouslline，para.）mostmeans .（此題分值分）「正確答案」C[A]inthelateryearsoftheauthor[B]withoutcreatingasensation[C]afterthedeathoftheauthor[D]afterthepublicationofotherText2Archaeologyisasourceofhistory,notjustahumbleauxiliarydiscipline.Archaeologicaldataarehistoricaldocumentsintheirownright,notmereillustrationstowrittentexts.Justasmuchasanyotherhistorian,anarchaeologiststudiesandtries toreconstitutetheprocessthathascreatedthehumanworldinwhichwelive--andusourselvesinsofarasweareeachcreaturesofourageandsocialenvironment.Archaeologicaldataareallchangedin the material world resulting from human action or, moresuccinctly,thefossilizedresultsofhumanbehavior.Thesumtotaloftheseconstituteswhatmaybecalledthearchaeologicalrecord.Thisrecordexhibitscertainpeculiaritiesanddeficienciesconsequencesofwhichproducearathersuperficialcontrastbetweenarchaeologicalhistoryandthemorefamiliarkindbasedwrittenrecords.Notallhumanbehaviorfossilizes.ThewordsIutterandhearasvibrationsintheairarecertainlyhumanchangesinthematerialworldanymaybeofgreathistoricalsignificance.YettheyleavenosortoftraceinthearchaeologicalrecordsunlesstheyarecapturedbyaDictaphoneorwrittendownbyaclerk.Themovementoftroopsonthebattlefieldmay“changethecourseofhistory“,butthisisequallyephemeralfromthearchaeologist”sstandpoint.Whatisperhapsworseisthatmostorganicmaterialsareperishable.Everythingmadeofwood,hide,wool,linen,grass,hair,andsimilarmaterialswilldecayandvanishindustinafewyearsorcenturies,saveunderveryexceptionalconditions.Inrelativelybriefperiodthearchaeologicalrecordisreducedtomerescrapsofstone,bone,glass,metal,andearthenware.modernbyafewluckyfindsfrompeatbogs,deserts,andfrozensoils,isabletofillupagooddealofthegap.31、Accordingtothepassage,thearchaeologicalrecordconsistsof . （此題分值：1）「正確答案」a[a]spokenwordsofgreathistoricalsignificance[b]thefossilizedresultsofhumanactivity[c]organicmaterials[d]ephemeralideas32、Theline13refersto .（此題分值：1）「正確答案」b[a]scraps [b]words [c]troops [d]humans33、Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasanexampleofanorganicmaterial? （）「正確答案」a[a]stone. [b]wool. [c]grass. [d]hair.34、Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingarchaeologicaldiscoverysitesexcept 此題分值：1分）「正確答案」a[a]urbanareas [b]petbogs[c]veryhotanddrylands [d]earththathasbeenfrozen35、The paragraph following the passage most probablydiscusses ）「正確答案」c[a]techniquesforrecordingoralhistories[b]certainbattlefieldexcavationmethods[c]somespecificarchaeologicaldiscoveries[d]building materials of the nineteenth and centuries（210選擇您認(rèn)為正確的答案。LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,therewerefishes,reptiles,birds,insects,andsomemammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimalswereancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarenowextinct,thatis,theyhavenodescendantsalivenow.Veryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionofskin,soapartfromcolor,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureofananimalthatdiedmillionsofyearsago.Thatkindofrockinwhichtheremainsarefoundtellsusmuchaboutthenatureoftheoriginalland,oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit,andevenofitsclimate.42) Nearlyallofthefossilsthatweknowwerepreservedinrocksformedbywateraction,andmostoftheseareofanimalsthatlivedinornearwater.Thusitfollowsthattheremustbekindsofmammals,birds,andinsectsofwhichweknownoting.Therewerealsocrablikecreatures,whosebodieswerecoveredwithahornysubstance.Thebodysegmentseachhadtwopairsoflegs,onepairforwalkingonthesandybottom,theotherforswimming.Theheadwasakindofshieldwithapairofcompoundeyes,oftenwiththousandsoflenses.Theywereusuallyaninchorlongbutsomewere2feet. Ofthese,theammonitesareveryinterestingimportant.Theyhaveashellcomposedofmanychambers,representingatemporaryhomeoftheanimal.Astheyounggrewlargeritgrewanewchamberandsealedoffthepreviousone.ThousandsofthesecanbeseenintherocksontheDorsetCoast. About75millionyearsagotheAgeofReptileswasoverandmostofthegroupsdiedout.Themammalsquicklydeveloped,andwecantracetheevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchastheelephantandhorse.Manyofthelatermammalsthoughnowextinct,wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincavepaintingsandonbonecarvings.Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockanddifferentkindsareknown.Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils,Fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyearsagotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,orformed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfor150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreature.Thereanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeoverlargeareastheworld.Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformaaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesea-lilies,relationsofthestar-fishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,maybecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform.41（）「正確答案」B42（）「正確答案」F43（）「正確答案」E44（）「正確答案」A45（）「正確答案」C210Themainimpressiongrowing outoftwelveyearsonthefacultyofamedicalschoolisthattheNo.1healthproblemintheU.S.today,evenmorethanAIDSorcancer,isthatAmericansdon”tknowhowtothinkabouthealthandillness.Ourreactionsareformedontheterrorlevel.Wefeartheworst,expecttheworst,thusinvitetheworst.Theresultisthatwearebecominganationofweaklingsandhypochondriacs自疑有病者),aself-medicatingsociety incapable of distinguishingbetween casual,everydaysymptomsandthosethatrequireprofessionalattention.Somewhereinourearlyeducationwebecomeaddictedtothenotionthatpainmeanssickness.47)Wefailtolearnthatpainisthewayofinformingthemindthatwearedoingsomethingwrong,notnecessarilythatsomethingiswrong.Weunderstandthatpainmaybetellingusthatweareeatingtoomuchorthewrongthings;orthatwearesmokingtoomuchordrinkingtoomuch;orthatthereistoomuchemotionalcongestioninourlives;orwearebeingworndownbyhavingtocopedailywithovercrowdedstreetsandhighways,thepoundingnoiseofgarbagegrinders,orthecosmicdistancebetweentheentrancetotheairportandthedeparturegate,wegetthemessageofpainallwrong.48)Insteadofaddressingourselvestothecause,webecomepushoversforpills,drivingthepainundergroundandinvitingittoreturnwithincreasedauthority.Earlyinlife,too,webecomeseizedwiththebizarreideathatweareconstantlyassaultedbyinvisiblemonsterscalledandthatwehavetobeonconstantalerttoprotectourselvesagainsttheirfury.Equalemphasis,however,isnotgiventothepresidingfactthatourbodiesaresuperblyequippedtodealwiththelittledemons,andthatthebestwayofforestallinganattackistomaintainasensiblelife-style.ThemostsignificantsinglestatementabouthealthtoappearinthemedicaljournalsduringthepastdecadeisbyD