2023年上海市英語中級(jí)口譯筆試資料

19９９.9上海市英語中級(jí)口譯資格證書第一階段考試SＥCTION1：LISTENINGＴEＳT(40minuteｓ)ParｔＡ:SｐoｔDｉcｔaｔiｏnＤirections:Ｉnthｉspartofthetest,yoｕwｉｌｌｈeaｒapａsｓageａｎdreadｔｈesａmepａssagewitｈblankｓinｉt.Ｆilｌiｎｅachoｆtheｂlankswitｈtｈeｗordｏrwｏrdsyouhavｅheardoｎtｈetapｅ.WriｔeyouｒanswerｉｎｔhｅｃorresｐｏｎdingspacｅinyoｕrＡNSWEＲＢOＯKLET.Ｒemembｅryouwillbeａrthepassageonlyonｃe.Aｓalｉnguist,myinterestslｉｅinｔｈｅsｔudyｏｆsｉｇnlaｎguaｇｅs.Atｙpｉcａlｅｘampｌeｏfgesｔicｕｌaｔioniｓｔhemoveｍeｎtofｔheｈeａd,ｎamely,theＨeadＮoｄａndtｈeHeａdＳhａke.MaｎypeoplebelievethatｔheＨｅadｎodｉs____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_(1)tosignaｌYＥSａnｄthaｔthｅHｅａｄShaｋeisalwaysuseｄｔｏ＿＿_(dá)______(2）NO.Thｅｙfuｒtｈｅrｂelieveｔhaｔthesegestures_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____（3)aｌlｏvertｈeworｌd.Ｔhisisｃlosetoｔheｔrｕｔh,butnot_＿＿_(dá)_______（４）.Ｉnｃｅrtainpａrｔsoｆｔｈeworld,therｅａｒeother,ｌｅsswell－known__＿_(dá)__＿＿＿_(dá)_(5)thａt(yī)aｒeusｅｄtosignaｌYＥＳａｎdNO.ＩntｈeHeａdNoｄgesture.ｔheheaｄmｏveｓveｒticａlly__＿＿＿_(dá)____(6)oｎeormoｒｅtimeｓ.Thiｓgｅｓｔureisuｓｅdbypeｏpｌe_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)____(7)iｎthｅwoｒlｄ.Wheｎeｖeritocｃｕrs,iｔiｓｕsuａｌly_____＿_(dá)(８)，ｒａｒelyano.Tｈisaｃtｉｏｎmayweｌlbeｓｏmｅthinｇweaｒebｏｒｎwｉtｈ,sinceeven＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿(9)useit．IntheHｅadShakegesturｅｆor________＿_(dá)＿(１0),thｅｈeａdmovｅｓhorizoｎｔａlly__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)(１1）．Thisistｈemostcommonfoｒｍof＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___(12),ａndiｔcｏverｓawideraｎｇeofNｏs,ｆrｏｍ“Icannot”anｄ“Iwiｌlnoｔ”ｔo“___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)(13)”and“Ｉdonotknow”.LｉketheHeaｄNｏd，ｔheＨeadShａkeisusedinthｅ_______＿＿_(dá)＿(1４)bypeｏｐlethｒoughoｕtthｅworld.Thｅorｉginofthe＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)(１5)iｓbｅｌｉｅvedｔocｏmefromtheａctiｏnａbaby＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_(16)ｆoodordrinｋ.Ｗheｎthepａｒent_＿_(dá)_______(17）thebabyｔofeed,ｔhebaby“ｓaｙs”NObytwiｓｔｉｎgtｈehｅａdfirsｔ_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿＿＿_(dá)(１8）ａｎdtｈenｔotｈeotｈer.InｓomepａrｔsofEuｒｏpe，howevｅr,_______＿_(dá)＿(19）fromsｉdetｏsidemeansYES.Asｙｏucａｎiｍagine，tｈisoftｅnlｅadstｏgrｅat__________＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_(20)betweｅnfoｒeigｎｅrs.PartB:ＬisteｎingＣomprehｅnｓiｏｎⅠ.StatｅｍenｔsDｉrectionｓ:Inthｉｓｐaｒtofthetest,ｙouｗiｌlhearｓeveralsｈoｒtstaｔemeｎts．Ｔheｓestａt(yī)ementsｗiｌlbｅsｐokenonlyoｎｃｅ，andyouwiｌlnotfiｎdtheｍwhｉchoneiscｌoseｓtinｍｅaｎingtoｔｈestatementyｏuhaveheａrd.TheｎwritetheｌeｔｔｅrｏftheansweryouｈaveｃｈoseinｔhｅcorreｓpondｉnｇｓｐaｃeinyouｒANＳWERBOOKLEＴ.1.A.Cａｌｌmeifｙouforgetmｙａｄｄreｓs．B.Wecａnｇetaｇｉfttoｇetherdownｔown.C．Whｅnｙoｕlｅavetowｎ，I'ｌlgｏwiｔhyou．D.Ifyoｕ'llｐｈｏnｅmｅwheｎyoｕ'reiｎｔｏwｎ,ｗecａｎｍｅe(cuò)ｔ.2.A.Youcanｇotoｔhemeｔroｐolｉsaｆteryouleavetｈｅresｔaｕｒａnt.B.Ｙoucａｎｈaveabiｒd's-ｅyeviｅｗoftｈemｅtropolｉsfromtherｅstauraｎｔ.C.ＴｈereａreｍａnyrｅsｔaｕrantｓoｎtｈetｏpsofthebuｉｌdingｓinｔｈｅmeｔropolisD.Thenｅarestrｅsｔauraｎｔfrｏmｈereisｍａnyｍｉlesaway．3.Ａ.Wｅ'vｅbeeｎtoobuｓyｔowｒitehimaｂoｕtouｒtriｐ.B．Ｈeplaｎsｔogoｏnahｏlidaｙtｒｉpfｏracｈａnｇｅ.Ｃ.Ｗethinkthathe'ｓtooｂusytowrite.D.Hｅdｉdｎ＇twanttohｅarｏurbriefiｎg.4.A.Apｐoinｔmenｔswereｃaｎｃeledｙestｅrｄayaｔfoｕr,ｂuttheｙwillmeeｔtｏmorrｏw．B.Ｗｈeｒedidyougeｔyoｕrinforｍationａboutｔｏmorrow＇sappointmｅnｔs?C．ＤｉｄItellyouｔhatIneａrlｙforgｏｔａbouttomoｒrow'sａppoｉntments?D.Theycａnceledａppoinｔmentｓｆoｒｔoｍorｒoｗwithoutnoｔifｙingａnyoｎｅ．５.ATheｓpoｋｅｓｐersonｇavｅnosｐｅｃiｆicinfｏrmatｉonａbｏuttheneｗpolicｉes.B．Thesｐokespｅｒsoｎrefusedtocommｅntontｈｅｎeｗgoｖernmeｎt'ｓpｏlicies.Ｃ.Thesｐokesｐersoｎwasagaiｎstthegoverｎment＇ｓneｗｉnｄｕｓtrｙpoｌicies．D.Ｔheｓpokespersoｎｔhougｈtｔhｅnewpoｌicieｓwerｅｂｅｔterｔhantheｏldｏｎes.6.A.Ｈiｇｈlymotivateｄstudenｔｓusualｌydowellintheｓtuｄyｏfaｆoreignlanguage.B.Lｅarｎingaｆoｒeignｌangｕageｏftendeterminｅsｔhｅcａreerofasｕccessfuｌstｕｄent.Ｃ.Sｕcｃｅssfｕｌforｅignlanguageleａrnerｓareａｌｗayｓinteｌligｅｎt.D.Dｅterminationcansomｅtimesmotiｖateａnintelｌｉnｇentｆoｒｅigｎlａnｇuagelｅarner.7.ALiｋeLinda,Peterpｒefｅrｒedtｏbeiｎtｈecountry.Ｂ．BothＬｉndaaｎdPeterwｅreｉnfavourｏfｔheｐrojecｔ.C.ＵnliｋeLiｎdａ，Petｅrwａsagａinｓttheproject．D.PｅteｒｔｏldＬindathaｔtheｃｏnｃｅrthａdbeencancelled.8.Ａ.Myassistantｗｉllgiｖｅyouｓomeforｍstｏcomplｅte．B．Myaｓsｉｓtanｔwilｌｓcheduｌｅtｏday'scoｍmitteｅmeeting.C.Myaｓsisｔantｗiｌlaskｙouwｈａt(yī)happenｅｄatyｅｓterday＇smeeting.D．Myassｉstａntwillgiveyｏuｔｈeinｆｏrmatioｎyｏumissｅd．9.Ａ.Plｅａsehelpmefiｎisｈｐaｉntｉngthｉｓsigｎｐoｓt.B.I'llaccepｔｎoexcusesｆｏｒabsｅncesoｎneｘtWｅｄｎesdａy.C．You'llneｅdｍoretｈanaｌiｔerofwａｔer.D．TeｌlmebｙnextWｅdnｅｓdaｙｉfｙoｕ'reunablｅｔoｆiｎｉsh.10.A.Somesynｔheticmaｔｅriaｌsarｅuncｏmｆortａbletowｅar.Ontheotｈeｒhanｄ,tｈeyaｒｅｅasyｔotakｅcａｒeof．B.Dｅspｉteｔheｓuｒgeofsynｔhｅticmatｅrｉals,traditiｏnａｌnaturalmaｔeｒialsc

anstillsellｉnthemａrket.C.Ｓomepeoｐleｐreｆeｒｎaturalｍaterialsbeｃausｅtｈeyａreｃheaｐer，morｅcoｍｆorｔableａnｄeaｓiertowａsｈ.D.Naturａlmaterialsｓuchaｓcｏttｏnｃansellｆaｒbetterｔｈａnsyｎtｈeticｏnes,?althｏughthｅlaｔｔerｉｓcheａperandofｂettｅｒqｕality．Ⅱ.TalkｓandConversａｔionsDirｅcｔionｓ:Inthｉsｐａrtofthetｅst，youｗｉlｌheaｒseｖｅｒalsｈorttalｋsaｎdcoｎversaｔｉons．Aftｅreaｃhoｆthｅse，yoｕｗｉllhearａｆewquｅstioｎs.Ｌistｅnｃareｆｕｌly

becａuseyouwillheａrthetａlkorconｖｅrsaｔｉonａｎdqｕestionsonｌｙoｎcｅ.Wｈｅｎｙouheaｒaquesｔiｏｎrｅadthefoｕransｗeｒｃｈoicesaｎdchｏosethebestansweｒtoｔhａt(yī)questiｏn.TｈｅｎｗriｔethｅlｅｔtｅroftｈeansweryoｕhavechｏseninthecorｒespondingspａceinｙourＡNＳＷＥRBOOKLEＴ.Ｑuesｔioｎｓ11~14１１.Ａ．Ａfaｍilyｗitｈfａt(yī)hｅr,motherandtheｃhilｄreｎ.B.Ａfamiｌywｉthａｌｏｔｏffｒiｅndsdｒoppingｉn.Ｃ.Aｆamilywｉthelｄeｒlyａndｕｎmarｒｉedrelativeｓ.Ｄ．Afaｍｉlyｗｉthin-ｌaｗsaｎｄmarrieｄsｉblinｇs.１2.A.Theyｄon'tｌikepeopletｏdropiｎwithoutaｐｒeｖiｏｕｓiｎvitation.Ｂ.Ｔheｙｎeveｒsenｄaｎelderlyｒelatiｖetｏanolｄpersons＇ｈome.C.Theylｉkｅｔhｅｉrhomｅａndfamiｌybettｅrthantheiｒgaｒdeｎsandpets.Ｄ.Theyｔhinkittｈefamiｌy'sduｔytｏｌookaｆｔerａneldｅrｌyparenｔ.13．A.shewaｓanaｎimaldoctｏr.B.Ｓheｈelpedwｉｔhｔhehｏusewoｒｋ.Ｃ.Ｓhewasaｎurse．D．Sheworkedasthｅgａrdenｅｒ.１4．A．Wasｈingup．B．Rａisｉｎgｐets.C.Vｉsitinｇfrｉenｄs．D．Ｔaｋingcaｒeoftheｅldeｒly.Ｑuestiｏns１５~181５．A.Ｉtｓartｏfglassware.B.Itscｏllectiｏnofartwoｒks．C.Ｉtsarｃｈｉtｅcturaldeｓign.D.Ｉtsmuseumsandartgallｅries．1６.A.Ｔoshowthatｔhｅcityisｂecoｍingｍoｒecosmopoliｔan.B.ToatｔraｃｔmoreｓtudenｔstoeｎrolliｎｔheSchoｏlｏfC.Ｔｏannouncetｈeopｅninｇofafｏｏdfestivaｌduriｎgtｈesummeｒtouristsｅasｏｎ.Ｄ．Ｔｏｅncourａgemoreforeignｉｎvestmentｉnthefoodiｎdustｒyofthｅｃｉtｙ.17.A.Thereａrｅmaｎｙbusｌines．B.Ｔｈeｕnｄｅrgroｕndｉsaｒｔｉｓtｉcａllydｅcoｒａt(yī)ｅd.C.Tｈefarｅsaｒequiteｃheap.Ｄ．Theｒearｅdｉｓcｏuntsforofｆ-ｒush－h(huán)ours.1８.A.Ｔhosewhoareintereｓtedinartｗorｋs.Ｂ.ThｏｓeｗｈｏwantｔoｉｍproveｔhｅｉrｓpｏkeｎＥngｌiｓｈ.C.Ｔhosewhoeｎjoyvariｏuskiｎdｓｏｆfood.Ｄ.Thosｅwhoinｔendtodｏrｅsearchinarcｈiteｃtuｒe.Questionｓ19～2219.A.Policemaｎanｄpｏliｃｅwomaｎ.Ｂ．Ｎewsｃorｒespoｎdｅntｓ.C.Aｃｔoraｎdactress.Ｄ.Colｌeｇｅsｔudents.20.A.Ｔheｒｅwａsafiercefigｈt.B．therｅwasariot.Ｃ.Therｅwａsacａｒaccｉｄeｎt.Ｄ.Thｅｒewａsaｂｉgfｉre．21.A.Soｍeoneｒａｎghiｍ.Ｂ.Heｆoundｉthimself．C.Tｈｅneｗsteaminformｅdｈim．D.Ｈewasalertｅｄｂｙthesmoｋe.22.A．Rｉghtiｎthestadium.Ｂ．InDａnbｕry.C.Inｔhecarpark.D.Attｈewｏmaｎ'soｆfice．Qｕesｔｉｏｎs23～2623.Ａ．Afewinｃhesaｂovｅｔheknee．B.Aｌｉttlebeｌｏwｔheｋｎee.C.Dowｎｔotheanｋｌe.D．Floorlength．24.A．Ｂootｓ.B.Sneａkｅrｓ.Ｃ.Ｓlｉppeｒs.D.Lｅａt(yī)hｅrshoes.

２５．A．Intheｅarlｙ1900ｓ．B.Arｏundtｈｅturnｏfthｅcenｔury.C.Ａfｅwyｅａｒsａｇｏ.D.Oｎlylａsｔyear．26．A.Fashioｎsｃhangeovｅrｔｉme.B．Meｎａｒeｔｈriftieｒtｈａｎwｏmｅn.C.Skirtsandshoeｓａremoreｉmｐorｔanttｈanoｔｈeｒcｌotｈing.D．Someｃｌothｉngmaysｕｉｔaｌloｃcａsioｎs.Quｅｓtionｓ２７~３027.Ａ.Wheｎｈewaｓstiｌlatsｃhool．B.yeaｒafterheｌefｔｃollｅge.C.WhenhevｉsｉteｄＩｎdoｎesia.D.Afteｒhemａｄehiｓfｉrstfilm.2８.A.Twenty.B.Twenty－ｔhrｅｅ.C.Ｔhirtｙ.Ｄ.Thｉrtｙ－sｉｘ.29.A.TｈeｙbouｇｈｔaｆａrmｉnwesｔＥｎgland．Ｂ.Theyｂｅcameactoｒａｎdactｒess．C．Thｅywoｒkedｏｎtheｉrｓｅcｏnｄｆilm．D.ＴheysavｅdeｎoughmonｅｙｔobｕyaｈouｓeinwｅstEnglａｎd.30.Ａ.Ｆarming.B.Teachｉng.C.Wriｔingnｏvels.D.Mａkｉｎgｆｉlｍs.PａrtC:ＬisteningaｎｄTrａnslationⅠ．SeｎteｎceTranslaｔionＤｉrｅcｔions:Ｉｎtｈispartofｔhｅteｓｔ,youwｉｌlhear5Ｅngｌiｓhsｅnｔences.Ｙouwilｌhｅarthesenteｎｃｅsonlyoｎｃe.Afteｒyouhaveｈeａrdeａcｈsentence,translａt(yī)eitiｎtoＣhineseandwriteyｏurversｉｏｎintheｃorrespｏnｄｉｎgspaceinyourＡNＳWＥRBOOKLET.(1）__＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)________＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_______＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__________＿_(dá)_____________＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)（2）_______________＿＿＿＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)_＿＿＿_(dá)＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿＿＿＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)________＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)________＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)__(3）___＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)__________＿_(dá)__＿＿＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_＿＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_____________________＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____(4)____＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)______＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_______＿(５)____＿_(dá)_______________＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)______＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)___＿＿＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)________＿_(dá)Ⅱ.PaｓsaｇeＴranslatｉoｎDirections:Inthｉspａrtｏftheｔeｓｔ,youwillheａｒ2paｓsaｇesＹouwillheaｒtｈepassagesonlｙonｃe.Afｔeryouhａvｅheaｒdeａchｐasｓage,tｒanslateitintoＣｈineｓｅaｎdwｒiteyourｖｅｒsiｏninｔｈｅcoｒresｐondingｓｐａｃeinｙouｒANＳWERBOOKＬＥT．Youmaytakenoteswhｉleｙｏuarｅliｓtening.(1）______＿＿＿_(dá)__________＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)__＿＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿＿＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_______________＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿＿＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)________＿＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)___________＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿＿_(dá)____________＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)_____＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)___＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__＿＿＿＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)__＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)________＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)____________＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)______＿＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)______＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)_＿＿＿＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)______＿＿＿＿＿＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)______(2）____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__＿＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___________＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)________＿＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)______＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__＿＿＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)___________＿_(dá)__＿＿＿＿_(dá)___________＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)__＿＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿＿＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_＿＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)＿_(dá)________＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)__＿＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿＿＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)_____________＿＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)________＿＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)________＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)___________SＥCTIOＮ２:STUDYSKILLS(50minuｔes)Direｃtions：Ｉnthiｓｓection，ｙｏuwillreadseveｒａｌpaｓsages.Eａcｈpassaｇeｉsfoｌloｗｅdｂysevｅrａlquestioｎsbaseｄonｉtscontent．ＹoｕaretochｏoseONEbｅstａnswer，(Ａ）,(Ｂ)，（C），or(D),toeachquｅstion.AnsｗeralｌtheｑｕesｔiｏｎsｆolｌｏｗiｎｇeacｈpａssａｇｅoｎｔheｂａsｉsofwhaｔisstatedorimpｌiｅdinthaｔpassageaｎdwｒiｔetheletterofthｅaｎswerｙouｈａvechoseninthｅｃoｒrespoｎｄinｇspacｅinyouｒAＮWERＢOＯKLET.Queｓtioｎｓ１~5MａnyrｅsｅａrcheｒｓbeｌiｅｖethaｔapescａnｃommunｉcａｔewiｔhhumanbeｉngsInvestｉgatiｏnsｍaｄeａt(yī)seveｒallaｂｏratoriｅsinｔｈeUｎｉｔｅdＳｔateｓaｎdeｌsewhｅrｅｉndｉcateｔhａｔchimpａnzeeｓａndgorillａsaｒｅcapableoｆunｄerstａndｉnglanguaｇeaｎdusingliｎgｕiｓticrｅspｏnseｓatthｅlevelｏfafｏur-yeａｒ-oｌｄcｈｉld.Wａｓhoe,ａnａdultｃhiｍpaｎzeewhowａsraｉｓeｄasiｆｓheweｒeadeａfchilｄ,ｃaｎtrａnｓlateｗordsshｅｈeaｒｓｉnｔoAmericaｎSiｇnLangｕaｇe.Ｋoｋo’s400-ｐoｕnｄlowlａndgorilla，isclaiｍｅdｔohaveuｎderstoｏｄapoemwrｉtｔenaboｕther.TestsofKoko'saudiｔorｙcoｍprehensiｏｎｓｈowthatｓｈeisabletomakｅｄiscrｉmｉnatioｎsbetweenｓuｃｈｗordsaｓ“funny,”，“ｍoｎey，”and“ｂunny.”Ｔheｓciｅnｔｉstsatｔhefｏｒefronｔｏfthisresｅarｃｈadmitthaｔthｅｉｒｗoｒkhasｂｅe(cuò)nsｅｖerelycｒiticｉzｅｄ.Theｓkｅpｔicsｉnｇenｅralclａiｍthaｔapes'laｎｇｕagebehaｖｉoriｓmｅrelyimitａt(yī)ive.Fｏrthiｓbehavioｒtobｅcalｌeｄ“l(fā)anｇuａge”,ｉtmustalsｏbecｏmmunｉｃative．Thｅproponｅntｓｏfapeｌanguａｇecｏｕnterthaｔthosewhｏdeｎytｈｅvａliditｙoftｈisｒｅsｅaｒchhavenevｅrｗoｒｋedwｉthaｐes.Theyｐoｉntouｔｔhaｔnｅwfielｄsofiｎｖesｔiｇaｔｉｏｎalwayscreateｃontrｏｖｅrsｙ.Theｙaddthaｔsｕbhumａｎprimａｔesｈａvenoｔbeeｎtａuｇｈttospｅaｋ，ｈowever,becauｓethｅouterlayｅroｆｔｈeiｒbraiｎｈemisphｅｒｅsisnotsｕffiｃｉｅntlyｒeｆineｄ.1.Accｏｒdiｎｇtothepassage,ａpｅlanguageresearcherｓｓaythatａpeｓｃａn_____＿＿_(dá)___＿．Ａ.ｔａlktｏhｕｍanｂeingsＢ.tｈinkcｒｅaｔiveｌyC.wrｉtｅaｂoｕtｔhemselveｓD．unｄerstａｎdsomespｏkenworｄｓ2.Accｏｒdingtothepasｓage,aｐｅｈumancoｍmunicａｔiｏｎｉs＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_______．A．obｓeｒvedreadilybyｍoｓtsｃientisｔｓB．rejectedbyａｌlreｓｅarchersC.tｒacteｄskeｐｔicallｙｂysoｍescientistｓD.nｏｔｑuestｉoｎｅdbylｉnｇuiｓts3.Ｉnｐaragraph2，theword“ｐroponeｎｔs”ｒｅfersto＿_(dá)____________＿.Ａ.peｏplewhobｅlieｖｅthａt(yī)apｅscoｍmｕnｉcaｔｅB．skepticswhohavｅcritiｃizｅdｔhｅresearchC．designeｒstｈatｉndicateaudｉtoｒｙｄｉｓｃｒｉmｉｎａｔionD.ｒeｓearcheｒsthathaｖeｌeａrnｅdtocommuniｃatewithapes4．Ｉtmaｙbeｉnferreｄｆromthepａssagethａt(yī)____＿_(dá)____＿＿_(dá)_＿＿.Ａ.onlｙgoriｌlasandchiｍpaｎｚeｅｓaｒｅｐrimatesB.onｌyhumanｂeｉngsareｐriｍatｅsＣ.aｌlanimalsexceptapｅsarepｒiｍatｅsD.ｂｏthｈｕｍansandapｅsaｒeprimatｅs5.Wｈｉcｈofｔhｅfｏlｌｏｗingistｈeｍaｉntopicofthｅｐaｓsａge？A.Reseaｒｃhintoapｅｓ＇imitａｔivebehaｖiorB．SｔuｄiesｏflaｎguaｇｅabｉlitiesｏfhumａnsC．CommuｎicaｔivebehaviorofsubｈumanprimatesD．UｓesｏfAmericanSｉｇnLanguageinresearcｈQuｅstiｏns6~10Psｙchｏｌogiｓtｓhaｖefoundthatprivatelymadecｏｎｆidenｔiａlｒｅsolutiｏnｓaｒeraｒｅlyfｏlloｗeｄ，whｅreasapubｌiccoｍmitmenttｏachｉeｖｅsｏmegoal,sｕchasｌｏsiｎgwｅighｔorgｉvｉｎｇｕpsmoking,islikelyｔobemuchｍorｅe(cuò)ffｅｃtiｖe.Thisisbecａusetｈeappｒｏｖａlofoｔhersfordｏｉngsｏmethｉｎｇdesｉrableisvaluｅd.Incontrａｓt，dｉsapprovａlforfａilｕｒｅcａnleadtｏfeeｌｉngsｏfsｈame.Advertisiｎgagｅncieshavedesignedsｔｕdｉesｂearinｇouttｈｅｔrutｈofthｉsobserｖａｔｉｏn.Inthｉｓresearｃh,agrouｐｏfstｒaｎｇerｓｗasbombardeｄwiｔhinfｏrｍatｉonabｏｕttheqｕａｌitiesofａpａrｔicularprodｕcｔ.Theywerethenaｓkedtｏeitherａnnoｕnceoutloudorｗｒitｅdownprｉｖａt(yī)elywｈeｔhertheｙintendedtobuythepｒｏduct.Itwaｓlateｒdisｃoｖｅrｅdthatthosewhｏpｕｂｌiclyｄecｌaredｔheirintｅntionｔobuyｗerecｏnsiderablymorelｉkelytｏdosoｔhanthosewｈoaffirmedtｈeirｉntentionsinprivａt(yī)e.Inanotherstudｙ，ａnｅｘｐｅrimentｅｒclaimingtoreｐrｅseｎtalocａluｔｉｌitycompanyinｔerｖieｗedhouseｏｗneｒstelｌinｇthemｈewasｉｎveｓtigａt(yī)ingwａｙsinwhiｃｈｅｎerｇyconｓumptiｏnｃｏuｌdｂereduｃｅd.Ｈalｆthesｕbjｅcts，ｒａndｏｍｌｙsｅlected,ｗｅreｔoｌdｔhatｉｆtｈｅyagreｅdtocoｎseｒveenergytheirｎamｅｓwoulｄbeｍeｎtionedinanarticlepublisheｄｉnｔheloｃalnewｓpaper；thｅremaｉninghalfweretｏldｔheｉｒnａｍｅswouldnotbeusｅd.Allthｏsｅinterｖiewedagreｅdtocooｐerateａndsignedaｆorｍeｉthｅｒgｉvingｃoｎsｅｎｔfortｈeirnameｓｔoｂeusedorsｔatingｔhattheirnaｍeswｏuldnotbeusｅd.Lａt(yī)erｉｎtheｙear,theamouｎtoｆｇａsｃｏｎｓumedineachhｏuｓewasrｅcorded．Ｔｈeownerswhｏhadａｇreedtｏｔｈeiｒnamesｂeingpublishedhadｕsedsiｇnificanｔlylｅｓsｇastｈａntｈosewhoremａiｎｅｄanonymｏuｓ.6．ItｃanbeｉnfｅrrｅdthatａlloｆthefollｏｗiｎghｅlｐmｏｔiｖateａｐersontoachｉeｖｅagoaｌEXＣEＰT__________．A.aｄesirｅforａpprovaｌB.afeａrofdｉsaｐprovａｌC.ａfearoffailｕreD.asenｓeｏｆnoncommiｔｍｅnｔ7.Whywerｅadvertisingａｇenciesinteresｔedinｃonduｃｔinｇthｅirstｕｄy?A.Ｔheｙwaｎtedtointｒｏduceanewｗａｙofｐromotinｇｐroductｓ．Ｂ．Thｅywaｎtｅdtodｅmonsｔrａt(yī)ethequalityoftheiｒprｏｄuｃtｓ.C.Tｈeywanteｄtoknoｗifpeoｐｌｅintenｄeｄtopurｃhaｓｅtheirpｒoducｔs．D．Tｈｅywaｎｔedtofｉｎｄthｅbestwaytｏgeｔpeoplｅtoｂuytｈｅirprodｕcts.8．Acｃordinｇtｏthepassage,theanｏnｙmoｕssｕｂjeｃtsintheenergy-coｎsumｐｔionｅxperiment_____＿A.dｉdn’tcooperａt(yī)eB．dｉdn’tｓｉｇnaｆormＣ.diｄn’tｗantthｅiｒｎamesｐｕblishｅｄＤ．diｄn’tusesigｎificａｎｔｌｙｌｅｓｓgas９.Ｈowdiｄｔhｅｅｘperiｍｅｎterｆiｎdouｔtｈeａｍountoｆgasthesｕbｊectｓｕsｅｄ?A.ＢｙrecoｒｄｉngｔheａｍｏuntofｇａsusedB.Ｂystａt(yī)ingtｈeamountofgasiｎthecｏntracｔC.BypuｂliｓｈingtｈｅａmｏｕntｏfｇasｃonsumedinｅachhouseD.Ｂyｇivingpｅoplealｉmitedamoｕntofｇastouｓe10．Thispassagｅsupportsｗhiｃｈｏftheｆｏllｏwｉnｇconclusioｎs？A.Comｍitmentsmadeｉnpｒｉvateaｒemoreｌikelytｏｆail.Ｂ.Ｄisａｐprｏvaｌfoｒfailuｒeｍａｋｅspeｏpleｌesｓwｉｌlｉngtomａｋｅpｕｂlisｈedinｎeｗsｐapers.C.Inteｎtionsaffｉrmｅdiｎprｉｖatｅareｍoreefｆeｃtiｖeｔｈanthosepubliｓｈedinnｅｗｓpapers.Ｄ.Ｗell-infｏrｍedｐeoplearemorelikeｌyｔopublｉclｙｄeclaretｈeirｉnteｎtions.Ｑｕeｓtion1１～1５Ａirｈostesseｓareaｌwａystriｍ，ｅｆfiｃientandasspiｃk-and－spａnａsanｙｓhip．Inｆact,ifyouputｔｈemｉnthｅwatｅralｏtｏfｔhemlookaｓiｆtheycｏulｄｍaｋｅａｐrｅｔtｙｇoodｂowwave.Airｈosｔesseｓinｔhemoreｄeｍｏｃrａｔicaｉrlinesａrecalｌｅｄaiｒｓteｗardｅsses，preｓumablybecａｕseｔheｓtewarｄswouｌｄdｉslｉｋｅbeingcalｌｅd“ａirhosｔs”.Ｂywhａt(yī)eｖｅｒtitlｅthｅｙareｋnowｎ,theaiｒｈoｓｔｅｓsesarenotedforcharm,taｃｔ,poise,equilｉbｒiumａndabilitytodealwitｈｏthｅrｐeople’sbaｂies.Inｆａcｔ，itcanｂesaｉdwｉtｈtrutｈthattｈeｍalｅpasｓengerｐrefｅrstoseｅheｒtherestanｄingonｔhesteｐstｏｓay“WｅlcｏmeAbｏaｒd!”Thereis,ofcourse,ａｒeasonｆorthis.Masculineconceｉｔbeｉｎgwｈａt(yī)ｉｔis，tｈereisaｌwａysasecｒｅｔｈopｅtｈathｉｓout-sｔａndingchaｒmandsupeｒlativｅquａｌitiesmaｙｒeceｉveｉnｓtantrecognitiｏnfｒｏmｔhｉscharmｉnｇgirl.Hishopeｉsｅｎcouraｇeｄｂytｈesmilｅｈegetｓ．Ｗhatａsｍileisｔhaｔofthｅaｉrhosｔess！Itisonｌywhenheｏbserｖesitrepeated，toexactｌythesaｍeｍｅaｓuremｅnts,ｔoeｖeryｏtheｒpassｅｎgerintheplanethathereaｌｉzesｔheｓｍileiｓpartofanａirｈostess’sｐｒofesｓiｏnalｅquipmeｎｔ，likeafirst－aidｂｏｘ.Ｔｈeaveｒageliｆeofairhoｓtesｓisapproxｉｍａt(yī)ｅlyｅｉｇhtｅｅnmoｎｔhｓ.Donoｔｂedｉstuｒbｅｄｂytｈiｓｓtatｅｍｅｎt.Iｔｉｓｍeｒelyhｅｒprofessiｏnal“ｌife”ｂｅｆoｒesheｇeｔssｉcｋoｆtｈewhimsａｎdfadsofpaｓｓenｇers,ａlsothｅstrainofkeepingthａｔsｍｉlｅonｈerfａｃe.Ｓheｔhｅnmａｒｒｉesoｎeoftheａircreｗ，ｂecausenoｔhｉngcｏuｌdbeｗorsethａntheｌifｅsｈｅiｓleadｉng.Whenｙouconsidｅｒthatanairｈｏsｔeｓs’sｊｏｂconｓiｓtsofputtｉngｐassenｇer’ｓswolleｎfeｅtaｂｏｖethｅiｒｈeaｄs,treatiｎgｎａuｓea,calmｉngnｅuｒosis,andplacｉnｇthousandsoｆsｔuｆfedeｇgsiｎｆroｍofpeopｌewhodonoｔwiｓhtoｅatｔｈｅｍtｈeｒesｅe(cuò)mtｏｂegｏodreasonsforhｅｒｄｅcｉsion.Therearenｏｔｍａｎyrｏmancesbetweenpaｓsengeｒsandairｈoｓtｅsses．Thisiｓpaｒtｌｙduetolackofpｒivacyandpartｌyｔotheinfｅrnａlｎoisetｈeeｎginesmakｅ.Ifbentoｎaskingａnairhostesstomeetｈiｍａt(yī)aceｒtaiｎcｏfｆeebarwhentheyreachｔheoｔheｒeｎd，thisｉswhatａpasseｎgｅｒhastoｅxpeｃt：AIRHOSTESS:Mｏre…rumble,rumblｅ,wah-wahｏｒwoulｄｙou…chug-a，ｃhug－a…ｃｏff…de-bumｐ.PASSENＧER:Isay…bump-thump…you…aｒ－ｒa-arａ-ara…aｔ…brr－brｒ-bｒr？AＩRＨOSTESS:ha-ｒa-har-ra-chung-ａchuｇ．(Ｗithｔｈesamｅｂrigｈtｓｍileｓhｅgoesoffｔｏchangｅadiａper．)Ｔhiｓｓortofapproachissoｄｉsｃouragiｎｇｔhaｔtheｆiｅldisleftｗiｄeopｅnfｏｒｔheaircrewｔｏcａrｒyonarａpｔurouｓ,iｄｙllicｃouｒtｓhipatｎｉｇhtaｎdoｔherhalｔs.11.Accｏrdingtｏtｈepａssaｇｅ,aｉrｈostｅssesinｓｏｍeairlｉnesarecalleｄairｓｔeｗａｒdeｓsesｂｅcauｓe_＿＿_(dá)＿＿＿.A.ｔｈesｅaｉrlinesareruｎbydｅmocraｔｉcgｏｖernmeｎｔｓＢ.theyaresomｅｔiｍｅsｃonfuｓedwｉｔｈserｖａｎtｓonashipC．thｅｔｅrmsaｒeａｃceptedbymeｎandｗomeｎalｉkeＤ．thelattｅriｓmorｅcharmingtｈaｎｔｈefoｒｍeｒ1２.Ｉtcａnbｅconｃludedfrｏmtｈepａssagｅthatwheｎａmａlepaｓｓengerseesanaｉｒhoｓtessｓｍｉlｉnｇtoeveryｏthｅrpａssｅｎｇeriｎtheplaneheismoｓtlｉkeｌｙtoｂｅ＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_.A．ｅｎｃouragｅdB．dｉｓａｐpoinｔedC.cｏnｃeｉteｄＤ.jeａｌous1３．Thewritｅrcｏnsidersanairhｏstess’ｓｊobtobｅ___________.A.pleasantandexcitiｎｇB.profｅssioｎalanｄｗell-paiｄC．moｎｏtoｎoｕsaｎdboｒinｇＤ．a(chǎn)dventurousａnｄromantiｃ１4.Whichoｆtｈefollowｉnｇmａyparｔlyaｃcｏuntｆorｔheｌaｃｋoｆrｏmancesbetweenpassenｇeｒsａnｄairhｏsｔeｓsｅs?A.Theａirｈｏｓtess’sshort-livedprofessioｎalliｆe.Ｂ.Theraptuｒoｕｓｃourｔshipoftheflighｔengineｅr.Ｃ.Theterribｌenoｉsemａdebythｅplaneengiｎes.D.Thesuperｌatｉvequaｌiｔyoftheｐassｅｎｇer.15.Whicｈoｆthefoｌlｏwiｎｇisthebｅsttitlefoｒthisａrticlｅ?A.ＴheMaleＰaｓsｅngｅr’sPrｅferenｃe.B.TｈeRoｍanceonｔhｅAeroplａｎe.C.ThｅAｉｒhostｅｓsiｎTheｏryanｄPraｃticｅ．D.ＴheAirCrewWhoAｒeｉnLove.Questｉon16～20Ｔheuseｏfｍultiｐle-choｉceteｓtinｇiｎA(yù)ｍerｉcansｏcietｙｈaｓitｓbeginｎiｎgsintｈeｉdeaofaｍeriｔoｃｒacy，thaｔis,asｏciｅｔyｗhｅretherulersofeｌｉｔesarechosennotthrouｇhtheirweaｌthｏrｃoｎnecｔiｏnsbutｏntheirabilityormerｉｔ.ThisideacanbeｔracedaｓfｏｒｂackaｓtheａnｃientGreeks.Evenｔheaｎ-ciｅntChｉｎeseｃreａt(yī)edexaｍinatiｏｎsfｏｒｔhepurpoｓｅofeleｃtinggovｅrnｍentoffｉcials.TheｎotionoｆaｓocietｙbaseｄonｍｅriｔhasalwaysbeeｎfavｏｒeｄinthｅUnｉｔｅdStates．Tｈiｓhasalｓobeenacouｎtryｗheretｈeｂeliｅfinｕniversalｉndividuaｌopｐortｕniｔyhasbeｅｎgrｅatlyａdｍｉred.UｎｔｉｌtheＳecondWorｌｄWａr,ｈoｗｅver,eliteselectioｎthroughhiｇheｒeduｃaｔion,anｄｔhｅopportunｉtyfｏrordｉnarycitizeｎstoａｃhiｅvｅｔheirgoalswereseparaｔeandｕｎrｅlaｔedideas.Theｉntｒoductionｏfｗidespｒeａdtestingwｈichwａsbotｈreｌiａbleanｄｖalｉdmeantthatbｏththesｅｇoaｌscｏuｌｄbｅpursuedｔogｅther.TｈisopportunｉtyｏｃcurｒedwhｅnthｅＵｎｉｔedSｔaｔesｅｎteｒeｄtheSecｏndWorlｄWar.TheU.Ｓ.Nａvyｄeｃidedtｏtestｎewreｃruitｓｉnorｄｅrtｏｆindwhichofｔhemwerｅsｕｉtablefｏｒcollegeeducatioｎbｅforeｂegｉnningmｉlitａrysｅｒｖｉcｅ.Theeventuａlaimwasfortheｓｅreｃruitstobebｅtteｒａbｌetｏpｅrformhｉｇher－leｖeｌｍiliｔarytasks.Becａuseoftｈelargenumbｅrofpｅｏpｌewhohａdtobetested,ｉtｗａsneceｓsarｙtouseａｔeｓtｗhｉchcouｌdbequickｌyanｄreliablyadminiｓtｅredandscｏrｅdatsｅｖeraltestsitessiｍｕltaｎeｏusｌy.ＯnＡprｉl2,19４３,theｆｉrsｔmassｔeｓtｉnｇwasａｄmｉnistｅｒedtｏ３25,０0０younｇｍen．Theｓｕｃcesｓofｔheprogramｍｅaｎtthateducationaｌtestiｎｇｃouldbeｐｅｒfｏrｍednotjustｆorｅliｔeseｌｅctｉonbｕttogiveｏｐporｔｕｎitｙｔothelargｅmａｓsoｆｏｒｄinａｒｙcitizeｎs.1６.Ｗhatｉsthemaintｏpiｃｏftｈepａssage?A.Theideaoｆａmeritocｒacy.B.Thedeｖelopmentofmultｉple－cｈoｉｃetｅstinｇ.C.Theoｐportuｎiｔｉesfortheｏrｄiｎaｒyciｔｉzen.Ｄ.TheUnitedＳtatｅs'scontribuｔiontotｈewａrefｆort．1７.Thｅｗord“ｔraced”iｎline4isclｏsｅsｔinｍeａningto__＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_.A.transpｏsedB.folｌowedC.simplｉfｉｅdD.condemnｅd18．ＷｈyｄoeｓtheａｕｔｈormentionｔｈｅGreeksａｎdtｈeＣhineｓｅ?A.Tｏdｅｍｏｎsｔratehｏwweｌl-educatedａncienｔｐeｏplｅwｅre．B.Toｉndｉcatetｈatmultiplｅ－choiceｔestingisnoｔnew.Ｃ．Toshoｗthatselecｔｉｏnbasedonｍｅritｉsnotanewidｅａ.D.Toｇｉveexampｌｅsofsoｃieｔiｅｓｇovernedbｙｔhｅwealthy.19.Ａｃcｏrdiｎgｔothepasｓage，bｅforｅWorｌｄＷａrⅡ____＿＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)__．A．ｅducaｔｉｏｎalteｓtｉnｇwaｓwidespreadB．themiｌｉｔaｒyeliteswｅrｅbetｔereducaｔeｄＣ．theｏppｏrtunityｆorｉnｄivｉdｕａｌｓｈadbｅe(cuò)nｉncreaseｄD.elitｅseｌｅctiｏnandｉndiｖidualoｐportuｎiｔyｗereunconnected20.Ｗhatｉsmostｌiｋeｌｙtoｂedisｃusｓｅdintheｐaragraphｓfollowingthepａssage？Ａ．ＯｔhｅrｇoalsｏｆtｈeＵ.Ｓ.Ｎａvy.B.Ｔheadｖａncｅsineduｃａｔionaltesｔｉng.Ｃ.Newtesｔsiｔｅswhichｂｅcaｍｅavailaｂle.D.Ｔｈｅdeｖeｌopmenｔｏftｅstsｆorordinarｙcitizｅns.Questｉｏｎs21~2５Exｐerimentshaveshｏｗnｔhaｔiｎsｅlｅｃtingｐeｒsonneｌｆｏrajob,interviewingisaｔbeｓtahｉnｄｒaｎｃe，andｍayeｖｅnｃausehａrm．Tｈｅsestuｄieshavedisclｏseｄthatjudgｍeｎtｓofｉnterviｅweｒsdiffｅrｍarkedlｙandbeａrlittｌｅoｒnoｒelaｔionshｉptotheadｅｑuaｃyｏfｊｏbapｐlｉcaｎts.Ofthemａｎyｒｅaｓonsｗhythｉｓshouldbｅthecasｅ,thrｅe(cuò)inpaｒticularstandoｕｔ．Tｈｅfｉｒstｒｅasｏnｉsrｅｌatｅdtoａnerrorofjudｇｍenｔknownaｓthehaloｅffect．Ifaｐersoｎhａｓonｅnｏticeａｂｌｅgooｄｔraｉt,tｈｅｉrotherｃhaｒaｃtｅriｓtｉcsｗillbｅjｕdgedａsｂｅtｔerthanthｅyreallyａｒe．Thus,aninｄｉvｉdｕalwｈodｒessessｍartlｙａndshｏwsｓelfconfｉｄｅnceiｓlikelytobejudｇedcapａblｅofdoiｎgajobｗellregaｒdlessoｆhisｏrhｅrrｅａlabｉlity.Inｔｅrｖieｗersａｒeaｌsoｐrｅjudicedｂyaneffectcaｌｌｅdtｈeprｉmacyeffect．Tｈiserroｒoccｕｒｓwhｅninterpretationofｌａt(yī)eｒinｆoｒmationisｄｉstoｒtｅdbｙeaｒliｅrｃonnｅcteｄiｎｆormatiｏn.Hｅnce,iｎａnintervｉewｓiｔuation,theinteｒvieｗｅｒspｅndsmｏｓtｏftｈeinterviewｔrｙingtｏconfirmtheｉmｐressiongivenbytｈecａｎdiｄateinthefiｒｓtfewmomenｔs．Stuｄieshａveｒepeaｔedlｙdemoｎstｒatedthatsuchanｉmpressionisuｎｒelatedtotｈeaptiｔｕdeｏfthｅａpｐｌｉcanｔ．Thephenｏｍenonknｏｗnastheｃontrastｅfｆeｃtalsoｓｋewｓtheｊudgｍｅntofinｔerviｅwｅrs.Asuitablecanｄidatemayｂeunderestiｍａt(yī)edｂecａｕｓｅheｏrshecontrａstswithａprｅｖiousｏneｗhoappeaｒsexceptiｏnallyｉnｔelliｇent.Ｌiｋewｉse，anavｅragecaｎdidatｅwhoisｐｒecedｅdｂｙonewｈｏｇｉvesawｅakshowiｎgmaybeｊｕdgedａsmorｅsuitablethａnheｏrsｈereaｌlyis.Sincｅｉｎterviewｓasaformofpｅrsonneｌsｅlecｔionｈaｖebｅe(cuò)nｓｈoｗntobeinａdequate,ｏthｅrｓeleｃｔｉｏnｐｒocedｕｒｅsｈａveｂeenｄeviｓedwhichｍｏｒeaccuratelyprｅdiｃｔcaｎdｉdａt(yī)ｅsｕｉtabiｌity.Ｏfthｅvaｒioustｅstsdevised,thepredictｏｒｗhｉｃhaｐｐeaｒsｔodｏtｈiｓmｏstｓｕccessfullyisｃogｎitivｅabilityasmeａsureｄbyavａｒieｔyｏfveｒbａlandｓpatialteｓｔs.2１.Theword“hｉnｄrancｅ”inlinｅ2isclosｅsｔinmeaｎingto_＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__.A.eｎcoｕrａgemenｔＢ.assｉstａnceＣ.proceduｒeＤ．interfeｒence22.Accordingｔothepasｓａｇｅ,ｔhehａloefｆecｔ___＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)___＿_(dá).A.ｓｔandsoutasthewｏrstｊｕdｇmｅnｔaｌｅrroｒB.woｒkｓonlywhｅnａｃandidaｔeｉｓwellｄｒeｓseｄaｎdｓｅlfｃｏnfｉdentC.exｅmpliｆiｅsｈowoneｇｏodchａractｅristiccolorsperceptionsD．heｌpstheinterviｅwer'scａpａbｉlｉｔytojudｇｅｒealａbility23.Acｃｏrdinｇtotｈepaｓsaｇe，theimpresｓionｇivｅninthｅｆiｒsｔfewmｏmeｎts_＿_(dá)______＿＿＿＿_(dá).A.canｅaｓilybealtｅrｅdB.ｉstheoｎeｔhatsｔayswiththeｉnterviewerＣ.isunreｌatedtoｔheintｅｒviewer'spreｊｕｄicesD.hasneverｂｅe(cuò)ｎreinforｃedthroｕghouttheinｔerview24．Theautｈormentionsａｌlofｔhｅｆolｌowingreasoｎswhyｉnｔerｖｉewiｎｇｉsnotａn?aｃｃuｒａt(yī)eｗaｙtopｒeｄictcａｎdiｄatｅｓuiｔabilityEXCＥPT____________＿.Ａ.ｔｈｅhａｌoeffectB.theprimａcｙeｆfｅctC.theｃontraｓtｅffｅcｔD.thｅｃoｇnitｉveeffｅct25．Thｉsｐassagemaｉnlｙｄiｓｃｕsｓeｓ_＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿＿.A.tｈeeffeｃtｓofinterviｅwingｏnjobaｐpｌicantsB.theinａdeqｕａcｙｏfｉｎｔerｖiewingｊobaｐpｌicaｎtsC.thejuｄgmentsoｆinｔeｒviｅｗeｒsconｃerｎiｎgjｏbappｌicａntsD.thetａcｔicｓａnｄteｃhniquesforｊｕdgingjobappｌicaｎtsQｕesｔiｏns26~3０Ｉtwasonceb