高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-直接引語變間接引語(超級(jí)經(jīng)典歸納)

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-直接引語變間接引語(超級(jí)經(jīng)典概括)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-直接引語變間接引語(超級(jí)經(jīng)典概括)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-直接引語變間接引語(超級(jí)經(jīng)典概括)直接引語變間接引語（賓語從句）一．直接引語和間接引語的定義||。直接引語：直接引用他人的話叫直接引語||，間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述他人的話叫間接引語||。直接引語前后加引號(hào)；間接引語不用加引號(hào)||。Hesaid||，“I’mastudent（.直接”引語）→Hesaidthathewasastudent.（間接引語）主句從句主句從句二．當(dāng)直接引語為特別疑問句變間接引語形成賓語從句時(shí)||，第一要注意用特別疑問詞||，后來用陳說語序的句子||，同時(shí)注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、時(shí)間狀語||，連結(jié)詞||，語序的變化.（一）人稱的變化規(guī)則：一隨主||，二隨賓||，第三人稱不更新||。引號(hào)內(nèi)的第一人稱變間引后與主Hesays||，”Ilikemathverymuch.一隨主句主語的人稱保持一致→Hesaysthathelikesmathverymuch.引號(hào)內(nèi)的第二人稱變間引后與二隨賓主句賓語的人稱保持一致引號(hào)內(nèi)的第三人稱在變間引后去三不用變?nèi)朔Q不變

HesaidtoLily||，“youmustgetupearly”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearlyShesaidtome||，“Theywanttohelphim”→Shetoldmethattheywantedhelphim★（二）．時(shí)態(tài)變化賓語從句時(shí)態(tài)變化規(guī)則：主現(xiàn)從不限；主過從四過（即4種過去的時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)；過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；過去未來時(shí)；過去達(dá)成時(shí)）；客觀真諦||，只用一般此刻時(shí)||。1.主句一般此刻時(shí)||，從句可用隨意時(shí)態(tài)||。2.主句過去時(shí)||，從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)||。即一般此刻時(shí)改成一般過去時(shí)；此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)改成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；一般將來時(shí)改成過去未來時(shí)；一般過去時(shí)、此刻達(dá)成時(shí)、過去達(dá)成時(shí)改成過去達(dá)成時(shí)||。3.主句過去時(shí)||，從句是客觀真諦時(shí)||，只用一般此刻時(shí)||。Teachertoldus:"Themoonmovesroundtheearth."Teachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth.主句的時(shí)態(tài)從句的時(shí)態(tài)例句(三)．時(shí)間狀語變化一般此刻時(shí)所需的任何時(shí)態(tài)Hesays||，”helikesmathverymuch.Hesays→Hesaysthathelikesmathverymuch直接引語間接引語一般此刻時(shí)一般過去時(shí)Hesaid||，“heisastudent.→”Hesaidthathewasastudent一般過去時(shí)此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)Hesaid||，“heisreading.”→HesaidthathewasreadingHesaid一般未來時(shí)過去未來時(shí)Hesaid||，“hewillgohome”→Hesaidthathewouldgohome一般過去時(shí)過去達(dá)成時(shí)Hesaid||，“hewenthome”→Hesaidthathehadgonehome此刻達(dá)成時(shí)過去達(dá)成時(shí)Hesaid||，“hehasgonehome”→Hesaidthathehadgonehome過去達(dá)成時(shí)過去達(dá)成時(shí)Hesaid||，“hehadgonehome”→Hesaidthathehadgonehome直接引語間接引語指示代詞thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythatdaytonightthatnight第1頁/共6頁thisweekthatweek時(shí)間狀語yesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforethreedaysagothreedaysbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowingdaynextweekthenextweek/thefollowingweek地址狀語herethere動(dòng)詞comegobringtake★(四)．連結(jié)詞1．從句為陳說句||，常選擇連結(jié)詞that或?qū)hat省略||，直接與主句相連||。2．從句為一般疑問句||，常選擇連結(jié)詞if或whether||。3．從句為特別疑問句||，常選擇what||，when||，where||，which||，who||，how等的疑問代、副詞作連結(jié)詞||。注意：當(dāng)who為主語時(shí)||，句式為：who+謂語+其余直接引語連結(jié)詞例句注意事項(xiàng)陳說句一般疑問句特別疑問句祈使句注意：

thatHesaidtome||，“youcanhelpher.1.連”接詞：that（常省略）→Hesaidtome(that)Icouldhelpher..2.引述動(dòng)詞said||，saidtosbtoldsb||，等Heaskedher||，“Doyouloveme?”1.改為“陳說語序”||。if/whether.→Heaskedherwhethershelovedhim.2.引述動(dòng)詞asked“能否”3.去掉Do||，Does||，Did改變Are||，Is||，Will||，Can地點(diǎn)特別疑問詞：Heaskedhiswife||，“Howareyou?”1.改為“陳說語序”what||，→Heaskedhiswifehowshewas.2.去掉Do||，Does||，Didwho||，Heaskedme||，“Whatcolordoyou改變Are||，Is||，Will||，why||，how||，like?”Can地點(diǎn)which||，when→HeaskedmewhatcolorIliked.肯ask(tell)sb.Heshouted||，“Lily||，Closethedoor.1.”不用連結(jié)詞定todosth→HetoldLilytoclosethedoor.2.不改變時(shí)態(tài)||。否ask(tell)sb.Hesaidtome||，“Don’tbelate.”3.不必考慮語序定nottodosth.→Heaskedmenottobelate.1.語序不變的有：What’thematterwithyou?What’swrongwithyou?但What’sthetroublewithyou?的語序要變1）從句中有or/ornot||。例：sheaskswhetherhestayed||。2.只用whether2）與不定式todo連用||。例：Ican’tdecidewhethertotellhimthenews3)在介詞后||。例：theyaretalkingaboutwhethertheycanaffordthenewhouse用法是有區(qū)其余||，但當(dāng)if/whether同時(shí)出此刻選項(xiàng)中的時(shí)候||，我們要選whether★3.賓語從句語序：陳語述序||，即：連結(jié)詞+主語+謂語+其余||。或連結(jié)詞（此時(shí)連結(jié)詞充任主語）+謂語+其余||。陳說語序中：be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、神態(tài)動(dòng)詞不可以提到主語前||。例：1）canyoutellmewhereisthehospital錯(cuò)(）第2頁/共6頁canyoutellmewherethehospitalis.對(duì)(）2）Idon’tknowwhetherdoeshespeakChinese錯(cuò)(）Idon’tknowwhetherhespeaksChinese對(duì)(）3）Iamnotsurewhatcanhedo錯(cuò)(）Iamnotsurewhathecando對(duì)(）中考考點(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)、語序、連結(jié)詞練習(xí)題一、填空||，每空一詞：1.“Iamhavingsupper||，”hesaid.Hesaidthat_____________havingsupper.2.“I’veseenthe||film，”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.3.“Iwenthomewithmysister||，”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.4.Theteachersaid||，“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthanthemoon.5.“Imetheryesterday||，”hesaidtome.Hetoldmethathe_______methertheday_______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive||，”hesaid.HesaidthatI_______togo_______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthecomputertwoweeksago||，”shesaid.Shesaidthatshe_______boughtthecomputertwoweeks_______.8.“Didyoureadthebooklastweek?”hesaid.He______________Ihadreadthebooktheweek_______.9.Hesaid||，“Youcansithere||，Jim.”He_______Jimthathe_______sitthere10.Heasked||，“Howdidyoufindit||，mother?”Heaskedhermother_____________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.第3頁/共6頁12“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked______________knewwhereshe_______.13.“Keepquiet||，children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.14.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow||，”shesaid.Shetoldme_____________________outofthewindow.15.“Areyouinterestedinthis?”hesaid.He______________Iwasinterestedin_______.二、選擇：1.Ourteacheraskedus_____ourdictionariestoschool.A.bringB.broughtC.bringD.tobring2.Theteachertoldtheboystudents______footballonthegrass.A.notplayB.nottoplayC.playedD.playing3.____Tomdidn’tgotoschool?A.DoyouknowhowB.WhydoyouknowC.HowyouknowwhyD.Doyouknowwhy4.Shelookssad.Couldyoupleasetellme_____thatpreventsherfrombeingashappyasbefore?A.whatitisB.itiswhatC.howitisD.itishow5.Bettyaskedhersister____totherailwaystationtoseeheroff.A.nottocomeB.nottogoC.tonotcomeD.tonotgo6.Thepupilaskedhisteacher_____roundtheearth.A.weatherthemoongoesB.thatthemoonwentC.whetherthemoongoesD.whetherthemoonwent7.Mr.Li____WangLing____ataxitotheairport.A.asked;takeB.asked;takingC.told;takeD.told;totake8.Sheaskedhim____.A.whosedictionarythisisB.whosedictionarythatwasC.whosedictionaryisthisD.whosedictionarythatisMary’smotheraskedher_____.thatwhethershehadfinishedherhomeworkifshehasfinishedherhomeworkifshehadfinishedherhomeworkthatifshehadfinishedherhomeworkDoyouknow____?A.whatishedoingB.whathedoingC.whatheisdoingD.whatdoeshedonow11.Idon’tknow____earntolEnglish.A.whendidhebeginB.whenhebeganC.hewhenbeganD.whenhebeginsHeaskedme____.howwouldtheweatherbeliketomorrowwhattheweatherwouldbelikethenextday第4頁/共6頁C.howtheweatherwouldbeliketomorrowD.whatwouldtheweatherbelikethenextday13.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceSpringFestivalpresents.A.howexcitedtheywereB.howexcitedweretheyC.howtheywereexcitedD.theywerehowexcited14.Shetoldmethatshe____byherrelativesatthebusstop.A.hadbeenseenoffB.haveseenoffC.havebeenseenoffD.hadseenoff15.Doyourememberhowmanytimes____toAustralia?A.hadyoubeenB.didyougoC.haveyoubeenD.youhavebeen16.Canyouguess____?A.whatisthatmanB.whothatmanisC.whomthatmanisD.whoisthatmanMoreandmorestudentsandteachershavebegantoknow____.howimportanttheforeignlanguagearehowtheforeignlanguageisimportanthowimportanttheforeignlanguageishowimportantistheforeignlanguageThehostesssaidthatit___timethatthey___supper.A.was;hadB.was;hadhadC.is;haveD.is;havehad19.Thebossaskedhissecretary____hehadfinishedtypingthereport____.A.if;ornotB.if;notC.whether;ornotD.whether;not20.Iwonderhowmuch_____.A.doeshespendonhiscarB.didhespendonhiscarC.hespentonhiscarD.hespentinhiscar答案一、填空he||，was||。在直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)||，代詞I要變成he；主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)||，賓語從句往常要將時(shí)態(tài)今后推一個(gè)||，即此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)amhaving變成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)washaving||。2.told||，had||，seen||。直接引語中的saidtosb在變成間接引語時(shí)應(yīng)改為toldsb；此刻達(dá)成時(shí)haveseen改為過去達(dá)成時(shí)hadseen||。3.she||，had||，gone||。直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)||，人稱代詞I應(yīng)變成she；一般過去時(shí)went改為過去完成時(shí)hadgone||。4.is||。直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)||，若直接引語為客觀真諦||，則變成間接引語不時(shí)態(tài)不變||。5.had||，before||。直接引語是一般過去時(shí)met||，變成間接引語時(shí)應(yīng)改為過去達(dá)成時(shí)hadmet；時(shí)間狀語yesterday應(yīng)改為thedaybefore6.had||，there||。如直接引語中的謂語動(dòng)詞含有神態(tài)動(dòng)詞must||，變成間接引語時(shí)用hadto；地址狀語here相應(yīng)地改為there||。7.had||，before||。直接引語是一般過去時(shí)bought||，變成間接引語時(shí)應(yīng)改為過去達(dá)成時(shí)hadbought；時(shí)間狀語twoweeksago應(yīng)改為twoweeksbefore||。8.asked||，if(whether)||，before||。當(dāng)直接引語是一般疑問句||