完型填空解題技巧及答案

#高中英語(yǔ)專題講解完形填空解題技巧一、完型填空試題主要特點(diǎn)：通常從一篇250詞左右，夾敘夾議的文章中設(shè)空20個(gè)，首句不挖空做完形填空時(shí)要注意文章開(kāi)頭提示句的點(diǎn)題作用和短文中完整句的啟示作用；考點(diǎn)層次可分為四類：?jiǎn)卧~層次，詞組層次，句子層次與語(yǔ)篇層次，突出語(yǔ)篇的理解，突出文化背景;干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)嚴(yán)密，一般說(shuō)來(lái)，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞性相同或?qū)儆谕然驅(qū)Φ确懂?，干擾項(xiàng)填入后在語(yǔ)法上并不存在錯(cuò)誤，對(duì)考生有很大的迷惑作用。二、完形填空的解題思路：1句子理解———考查單句語(yǔ)境中詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用2上下文理解———考查并列句及復(fù)合句語(yǔ)境中詞語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用3段落理解———圍繞段落主旨的段落語(yǔ)境中詞語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用4文章中心理解—圍繞文章中心的文章整體語(yǔ)境中詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用三、為什么我們?cè)谶@一題型上總是失分較多?.沒(méi)有嚴(yán)格遵循答題步驟:多數(shù)同學(xué)考試時(shí)擔(dān)心時(shí)間緊,在沒(méi)有弄清短文的中心和文章的情節(jié)線索的情況下匆忙答題.事實(shí)上我們用在這一題上的時(shí)間可以達(dá)到15-18分鐘.切記:一定要用2-3分鐘時(shí)間進(jìn)行缺詞閱讀,弄清文章大意和基本脈絡(luò)后再著手逐個(gè)填空..不注意積累答題技巧:忽略文章中上下文之間的照應(yīng)關(guān)系;遇到長(zhǎng)句不注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),在語(yǔ)義模糊時(shí)抱碰運(yùn)氣的心理隨意作出選擇.四、完型填空考查內(nèi)容.語(yǔ)篇信息詞匯手段：復(fù)現(xiàn)同現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法手段：替代省略語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目邏輯手段：順序關(guān)系并列關(guān)系分指關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系解釋關(guān)系因果關(guān)系.語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)（語(yǔ)境理解）詞匯1.原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)①AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather1.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof2.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedA.placeB.jobC.adviceA.encouragedB.dissatisfiedA.placeB.jobC.advice②Everystudentmustweartheir1helpBitemsof___whentheyareatschool.Thereareuniforms：suits，dresses，shorts，skirtsandT-shirts.TherearealsoWasleyschoolbags，capsandsocks.itemsofA.longhairB.thickglassesC.sportsshoesD.schooluniformsDA.muchB.threeC.manyD.alotC③MysisterandIgrewupinalittlevillageinEngland.Ourfatherwasastruggling,butIalwaysknewhewas2.…h(huán)enevercriticizedus,butusedpraisetobringoutourbest…fathersaid:“whenIwas23,mydadpersuadedmetogointolaw”.

A.biologistB.managerC.lawyerD.gardenerCA.strictB.honestC.specialD.learnedC④Ifhecouldreplacehisgreatpainwithafeelingofloveforothers,thenIshouldbetogiveupmysmallirritation（惱火）.A.readyB.likelyC.free⑤StudentsgenerallyappreciatetheseD.ableDA.readyB.likelyC.free⑤StudentsgenerallyappreciatetheseD.ableDspeciallearningopportunities.Theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting,andprofessorsthemtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafunandinteresting,andprofessorsthemtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths.A.holdB.like⑥Atthetablenexttofewshortmonths.A.holdB.like⑥Atthetablenexttominesatanattractive,C.dislikeD.discoverBcouple,waitingforservice.A.lonelyB.curiousC.well-dressedD.bad-temperedC⑦ThenextdayJennawenttoseeMrs.Bidenaboutbeingontheschool.Mrs.BidenwasntasenthusiasticasJenna.“I’msorry,butwehaveenoughwriterforthenewspaperalready.A.committeeB.newspaperC.radioD.teamB原詞重現(xiàn)messagethanIeverdidfrom⑧IwenttoWasleyCollegewithWinnictoday.Wasleyisalarge，old1.Ithasthreebranchcampuses（分校）：Clunes，GlenWaverlyandElasterwick.Ithasaprimaryschool，amessagethanIeverdidfrom___2___schoolandaseniorschool.Sotherearetwelvegradesof___3___studyingthere.1.A.schoolB.factoryC.movieD.hospitalA2.A.nightB.juniorC.highD.spare-timeB3.A.workersB.boysC.studentsD.teachersC⑨Garth'se-mailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthatatextbook.accurateB.urgentC.briefD.humorousC同義詞、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)⑩Beforesettingout,ItoldBarrettthistripwouldbetiringand,A.roughB.dirtyC.anxiousD.violentAitisvery?Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.ButinsomeplacesitisveryA.deepB.highA.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerousA?Thecorrectwatersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe?Thecorrectwatersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthethanfromthebelow.A.cloudsB.skyC.airD.aboveD?Whenwelookatitasawhole,webegintohavesomebelow.A.cloudsB.skyC.airD.aboveD?Whenwelookatitasawhole,webegintohavesome,whicheventhebestguide-booksdonotanswer.A.ideasB.opinionsC.feelingsD.questionsD?Butthenagain，wouldtherebeachairinRoom316？Orwoulditbea（n）?Butthenagain，wouldtherebeachairinRoom316？Orwoulditbea（n）room？A.smallB.emptyC.newD.neatB2.詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配A.smallB.emptyC.newD.neatB2.詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配①Here'safellowwhojustwalkedintoabankandhelpedhimselfsomuchmoney.A.forB.byC.toD.ofCA.forB.byC.toD.ofChomefromworkinthe②Wecanseethereisalotofsleepingonthebusortrainonthehomefromworkintheevenings.A.way③Leaningback,shetrackC.pathD.roadA.way根據(jù)搭配確定詞匯evenings.A.way③Leaningback,sheshookB.putC.bentD.keptputput。。。onto把。。放在/擱在。。。。根據(jù)詞義辨析確定詞匯④Therearemanydifferentwaysofseeingatownforthefirsttime.Oneofthemistowalkaroundit,guide-bookhand.A.inB.atC.byD.onA3.根據(jù)詞匯的意義及用法辨析詞義?Cassielookedatme,andherglare.Ilaughed,Shesmiled…A.returnedB.remainedC.increasedD.softenedD

②Iknewshehadstrictsleepinghabits,butIthoughtsheoughttobeabletosomeofthisstrictness.A.putupB.takeupC.pickupD.giveupD③SoonIheardalikethatofadoorburstinandthenaclimboffeet.A.sound④WhentheB.cry

paperswereC.voiceD.shoutAshediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactly…A.examinedB.completedC.markedD.answered4.根據(jù)生活常識(shí)及文化背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行選擇?(Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothehospital.A.animal②Iknewshehadstrictsleepinghabits,butIthoughtsheoughttobeabletosomeofthisstrictness.A.putupB.takeupC.pickupD.giveupD③SoonIheardalikethatofadoorburstinandthenaclimboffeet.A.sound④WhentheB.cry

paperswereC.voiceD.shoutAshediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactly…A.examinedB.completedC.markedD.answered4.根據(jù)生活常識(shí)及文化背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行選擇?(Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothehospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearestD②Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir1_.ThiswasthebeginningofanotherA.jobsB.homesC.busesD.officesA.workingB.hotC.sameD.ordinary2__dayinNewYorkCity.A.jobs2題答案是D.ordinarymademysandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforCassie.thebutter-creamgavemeanidea.A.SpreadingB.BoilingC.④AndvideocamerascanbeusedtoBakingD.HoldingApeople’sactionsathome.A.keepB.makeC.recordD.watchC句際關(guān)系.語(yǔ)法手段省略替代語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目ThestrangeDrhadbeenlovedbysomeone:hehadgivenhislife,asCharley,foracausehebelievedright.A./B.hadbeenC.hadD.haddoneC省略.邏輯手段:分指關(guān)系,轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,因果關(guān)系,解釋關(guān)系,順序關(guān)系,并列關(guān)系①Aformalletterisverydifferentfromaninformalletter.Formalletters___1___tobusinesses,schoolsorgovernmentoffices.2lettersareforrelatives,orformer(以前的)teachers.Youmaywriteaninformalletterbyhand，butyoushould___3___aformalletter.A.sendB.arewrittenC.writeA.InformalB.FormalC.BusinessA.②ItcopyB.typeC.writeA.sendB.arewrittenC.writeA.InformalB.FormalC.BusinessA.②ItcopyB.typeC.writeD.aredroppedD.RelativeD.sharewasastrangenoisethatmadetheman___1___hiscarsoonafterheleftavillage___2London.Hegotoutofhiscarand3thewheels(車輪)carefully,butashefoundnothing___4___hecontinuedhisway.A.startB.stopC.slowA.toB.forC.fromA.repairedB.examinedC.cleanedA.startB.stopC.slowA.toB.forC.fromA.repairedB.examinedC.cleanedA.wrong③IthasbeenmanyB.dangerC.interesting

yearssinceIwaslastinLondonD.D.speedBD.ofBD.lookedBmatterA___stillremembersomethingthathappenedduringthatvisit.A.andB.forC.butD.asC④Shewassmallinfigurebutstrongin.A.brainB.wishC.willD.healthC⑤Althoughthehappiesttimeformanystudentsisgettinglettersfromhome,mymailboxwasfrequently.A.emptyB.fullC.closedD.openA根據(jù)連詞(and,but,although)確定選項(xiàng)。

⑥EverymorningIgotontheschoolbusrightnearmyhome-⑥EverymorningIgot,whenallthebuseswerelinedupalongthestreet,IwasafraidthatI’dgetonthewrongoneandbetakentosome,unfamiliarneighborhood.A.thoughB.yetC.⑦Heappearedcalm,A.thoughB.yetC.⑦Heappearedcalm,althoughD.stillAinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.A.andB.orC.butD.otherwiseCtheyweregoingthesame⑧Markkneltdownandhelpedtheboypickedupthesearticles.way,hehelpedtocarrysomeofthemforhim.theyweregoingthesameA.AlthoughB.sinceC.AfterD.UntilBsince表由于，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，although讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表轉(zhuǎn)折,after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句.⑨Thinkaboutit,,whilewalkingtowork,wemarkwherewearebypassingacertainbuilding,whyshouldwenotmarkwherewearewhenwepassafamiliar,thoughunnamed,person?BecauseB.IfC.AlthoughD.Howeverif假設(shè)關(guān)系.⑩Jenna,apopulargirlfromWestwoodMiddleSchool,hadgraduatedfirstinherclassandwasreadyfornewchallengesinhighschool.,highschoolwasdifferent.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.BesidesB轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?Neilsonconsidersherselfluckyshesufferedinjuries.A.andB.butC.thoughD.whenC讓步關(guān)系@Irealizedstrengthandcouragearen'talwaysmeasuredinmedalsandvictories，butinthestrugglesweovercome（戰(zhàn)勝）。Thestrongestpeoplearenotalwaysthepeoplewhowin，thepeoplewhodon’tgiveupwhentheylose.A.orB.norC.andD.butD?Firstofall,Irespectedhisdevotiontoteaching…,Iadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclassroomortalk…Finally,Iwasattractedbyhislivelysenseofhumor.（全國(guó)卷）A.LaterB.SecondlyC.HoweverD.ThereforeB篇章結(jié)構(gòu)（語(yǔ)境理解）在做完形填空時(shí)，我們要理清文章思路，把握作者的態(tài)度或思想感情，這對(duì)做好一篇完形有著不可估量的作用，否則可能導(dǎo)致幾個(gè)空格的連續(xù)選填失誤。Therearesomanywonderfulstoriesabouttheinthisdog,butmyfavoriteisonethatcreatedanimageofhowtowhatisneededwithoutreserve.TearssprungtomyeyesasIwitnessedthisbeautifulactofunconditionalloveformananimalwhotaughtushowtoservelifewithsuchgrace.A.loveB.pleasureC.faithD.memoryAA.gainB.abandonC.giveD.getC文章主要講我家的狗對(duì)它的朋友的愛(ài)和無(wú)私的給予給作者帶來(lái)的震撼。巧用語(yǔ)境暗示線索解題有的空格根據(jù)所在句的句意或附近上下文的語(yǔ)境我們無(wú)法作出正確的選擇，要想作出正確判斷，同學(xué)們應(yīng)特別注意空格前后所出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)，尤其注意找出其中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的暗示性詞語(yǔ)。如：FourstudentsfromBurlingtonCollegeofHigherEducationareinthebelltowerofthehavemadeuptheirmindstoringthebellsnonstopfortwoweeksasaprotest（抗議）againstheavytruckswhichrundayandnightthroughthenarrowHighStreet.（全國(guó)卷）A.collegeB.villageC.townD.churchD完形填空正確答題步驟:跳過(guò)空格，通讀全文，把握大意結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，綜合考慮，初定答案瞻前顧后，先易后難，各個(gè)擊破再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查精講精練一WhenSirWinstonChurchill,thegreatBritishPrimeMinister,reachedhiseightiethbirthdayinNovember,1954,hewaspresentedwithhisportraitbyawell-knownmodemartist,GrahamSutherlanD．Thepaintinghadbeenorderedandpaidforto1theGrandOldManofWorldWarII.SirWinstonandLadyChurchillweredeeplymovedbythis2ofrespectandaffection.3ofthem,ofcourse,allowedtheotherstoseehowmuchtheybothdislikedtheportrait.“Itmakesmelook4,whichIamnot!”protestedChurchillinprivate(私下).5,heonlyremarkedthatitwasfineexampleofmodernart.HisfriendssmileD.ItwasknownthatChurchillsdidn't6modernart.Churchillwassounhappyabouttheportraitthatfinallyhiswifehadit7.Churchilldiedatninetyin1965.LandChurchill8himin1977.Shortlyafterherdeath,thepubliclearnedwhathadhappenedtothe9,andaheatedargumentbrokeout.Thepainterwas10saD.Theartistcommunity,shockedand11,saidthatthedestructionofthepicturehadbeenacrime(罪行).Historianssaidthattheyregrettedthedisappearanceofa(n)12document.AllagreedthatChurchillsdidn'thavethe13todowhattheyhaddone.GrahamSutherlandhadtoldChurchillthathewould14him“ashesawhim”.Churchillneverhadachancetoseetheworkin15sincethepainter16toshowittohim.Hefoundoutonly17hereceivedhispresentthatSutherlandhadseenhim18aheavy,sick,tiredoldman.Sincehehatedoldage,hewasnaturally19.Whohastherighttoaworkofart,theowner,thedonor,ortheartistwhocreatedit?Wastheportraitagoodone,asmany(includingthepainter)said?Orwasitbadasothersthought?Noneofthesequestionshavebeenansweredyettoeverybody's20.1.A.giveB.regardC.paintD.honour2.A.markB.pieceC.prizeD.trade3.A.NeitherB.BothC.EitherD.All4.A.wiseB.gentleC.stupidD.happy5.A.FortunatelyB.ObviouslyC.StraightD.Publicly6.A.careforB.looklikeC.turndownD.makeup7.A.hiddenB.hungC.destroyedD.returned8.A.mournedB.missedC.followedD.buried9.A.paintingB.manC.womanD.artist10.A.understandablyB.unexpectedlyC.unreasonablyD.unthinkingly11.A.afraidB.regretfulC.curiousD.angry12.A.interestingB.colorfulC.expensiveD.historical13.A.chanceB.rightC.powerD.courage14.A.helpB.obeyC.paintD.show15.A.progressB.placeC.needD.sight16.A.agreedB.promisedC.refusedD.hated17.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.though18.A.asB.toC.aboutD.for19.A.movedB.worriedC.tiredD.hurt20.A.surpriseB.disappointmentC.delightD.satisfaction精講精練二Itwasalreadylatewhenwesetoutforthenexttown,1accordingtothemapwasaboutfifteenmilesawayontheothersideofthe2.Therewefelt3thatwewouldfindabed4thenight.Darknessfellsoonafterweleftthevillage,butluckilywemet5aswedrovefastalongthenarrowwindingroadthat6thehills.Asweclimbed—7,itbecamecolderandrainbegantofall,8itdifficultattimestoseetheroaD.IaskedJohn,mycompanion,todrivemore9.Afterwehadtraveledforabouttwentymiles,therewasstillnosignofthetownwhichwas10onthemap.Wewerebeginningtoget11.ThenwithoutwarningthecarstoppeD.Aquick12showedthatwehadrunoutofpetrol（汽油）.Althoughwehadlittlefoodwithus,wedecidedto13thenightinthecar.Ourmealwassoonover.Itriedtogotosleepatonce,14John,whowasa15sleeper,gotoutofthecarafterafewminutesandwentforawalk16thehills.Soonhecameback.Fromthetopofthehillhehadseen,inthevalleybelow,the17ofthetownwewerelookingfor.Weatonceunloaded（卸）allourluggage（行李）andwithagreateffort（努力），18topushthecartothetopofthehill.Thenwewentbacktotheluggage,loadedthecaragainandsetoffdownthehill.19lessthanaquarterofanhourwewereinthetown,wherewefounda1.A.which20quiteeasily.B.itC.whereD.that2.A.riversB.hillsC.townsD.villages3.A.surprisedB.afraidC.pleasedD.sure4.A.atB.inC.throughD.for5.A.everybodyB.somebodyC.nobodyD.anybody6.A.gottoB.arrivedC.ledtoD.belongedto7.A.tallerB.higherC.lowerD.faster8.A.gettingB.thinkingC.causingD.making9.A.certainlyB.carefullyC.slowlyD.surely10.A.markedB.setC.builtD.drawn11.A.excitedB.worriedC.coldD.warm12.A.attentionB.operationC.examinationD.information13.A.spendB.liveC.spareD.stay14.A.sinceB.thoughC.soD.but15.A.quickB.fastC.poorD.heavy16.A.acrossB.throughC.downD.up17.A.lightsB.mapC.busD.situation18.A.oughtB.triedC.succeededD.managed19.A.ForB.InC.SinceD.At20A.policemanB.friendC.hotelD.cinema精講精練參考答案及解析1—5DAACD6—10ACCAA11—15DDBCA16—20CBADD.選D。人們給他畫像