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2007-5-15考研寶典網(wǎng)?2008年心理學(xué)考研專.

?中科院研究生院07武.

1.TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasically

?考研英語(yǔ)閱讀歷年真.

rivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumers

?考研英語(yǔ)之閱讀理解.

argelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoney

?郭崇興老師點(diǎn)評(píng)2007.

nthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywant

?未來(lái)考研復(fù)試發(fā)展趨.

ost.

?金融學(xué)名詞解釋考研.

2.Thus,intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandof

?國(guó)際金融考研備考筆記

□dividualconsumers,coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmento

更多???

aximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheir

精品輔導(dǎo)班課程

ncomes,thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhow

考研政治英語(yǔ)數(shù)學(xué)輔導(dǎo)

esourcesareusedtoproduceit.

考研專業(yè)課輔導(dǎo)

3.If,ontheotherhand,producingmoreofacommodityresults考研網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂

nreducingitscost,thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyoffered考博英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)班

yseller-producers,whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermit法律碩士輔導(dǎo)班

oreconsumerstobuytheproduct.MBA聯(lián)考輔導(dǎo)班

工程碩士(GCT)輔導(dǎo)

4.IntheAmericaneconomy,theconceptofprivateproperty

司法考試輔導(dǎo)班

mbracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalso

ertainrights,includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofa會(huì)計(jì)職稱輔導(dǎo)班

roductortomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師（CPA）輔導(dǎo)班

成人高考輔導(dǎo)班

5.Atthesametimethesecomputersrecordwhichhoursare

新書(shū)上架

usiestandwhichemployersarethemostefficient,allowing

?高分子物理

ersonnelandstaffingassignmentstobemadeaccordingly.And

?高分子物理教程

heyalsoidentifypreferredcustomersforpromotionalcampaigns.

?高分子物理近代研究方

6.Numerousothercommercialenterprises,fromtheatersto法-（第二版）

agazinepublishers,fromgasandelectricutilitiestomilk?高分子物理（第二版）

rocessors,bringbetterandmoreefficientservicestoconsumers?高分子物理（修訂版）

hroughtheuseofcomputers.?高分子化學(xué)（潘祖仁）（三

7.Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantway

q?一一」|.?數(shù)學(xué)物理方法習(xí)題指導(dǎo)

romothersofthesameageForthesechildrentodeveloptotheir

―一.IL.」.,d.-經(jīng)典和現(xiàn)代數(shù)學(xué)物理方

ulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothose

|法

ifferences.

更多..

8.ThegreatinterestinexceptionalchiIdrenshowninpublic

ducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeeling

noursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecial

onditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheir

apabilities.

9.Itservesdirectlytoassistarapiddistributionofgoods

treasonableprice,therebyestablishingafirmhomemarketand

omakingitpossibletoprovideforexportatcompetitiveprices.

10.Apartfromthefactthattwenty-sevenactsofParliament

overnthetermsofadvertising,noregularadvertiserdarepromote

productthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhis

dvertisements.

11.Ifitsmessagewereconfinedmerelytoinformationandthat

nitselfwouldbedifficultifnotimpossibletoachieve,foreven

detailsuchasthechoiceofthecolorofashirtissubtly

ersuasive-advertisingwoundbesoboringthatnoonewoundpay

nyattention.

12.Theworkerswhogetsapromotion,thestudentwhosegrades

mprove,theforeignerwholearnsanewlanguage-al1theseare

xamplesofpeoplewhohavemeasurableresultstoshowforthere

fforts.

13.Asfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstablecommunity,their

riendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,the

nformalflowofinformationiscutoff,andwithittheconfidence

hatinformationwillbeavailablewhenneededandwillbe

rustworthyandreliable.

14.Theindividualnowhasmoreinformationavailablethanany

eneration,andthetaskoffindingthatonepieceofinformation

elevanttohisorherspecificproblemis

omplicated,time----consuming,andsometimesevenoverwhelming.

15.Expertisecanbesharedworldwidethrough

eleconferencing,andproblemsindisputecanbesettledwithout

heparticipantsleavingtheirhomesand/orjobstotraveltoa

istantconferencesite.

16.Thecurrentpassionformakingchildrencompeteagainst

heirclassmatesoragainsttheclockproducesatwo-layer

ystem,inwhichcompetitiveA-typesseeminsomewaybetterthan

heirBtypefellows.

17.Whiletalkingtoyou,yourcould-beemployerisdeciding

hetheryoureducation,yourexperience,andotherqualifications

illpayhimtoemployyouandyour“wares“andabilitiesmust

edisplayedinanorderlyandreasonablyconnectedmanner.

18.TheCorporationwillsurviveasapubliclyfunded

roadcastingorganization,atleastforthetimebeing,butits

ole,itssizeanditsprogramsarenowthesubjectofanationwide

ebateinBritain.

19.ThedebatewaslaunchedbytheGovernment,whichinvited

nyonewithanopinionoftheBBC----includingordinarylisteners

ndviewertosaywhatwasgoodorbadabouttheCorporation,and

venwhethertheythoughtitwasworthkeeping.

20.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewage

yengagingalargeprofesssignalelementandpreventedthe

eclineinefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesof

amilyfirmsinthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergetic

ounders.

翻譯

1.美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)是以基本的私有企業(yè)和市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向經(jīng)濟(jì)為架構(gòu)的，在這

中經(jīng)濟(jì)中，消費(fèi)者很大程度上通過(guò)在市場(chǎng)上為那些他們最想要的貨品和

艮務(wù)付費(fèi)來(lái)決定什么應(yīng)該被制造出來(lái)。

2.因此，在美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中，個(gè)體消費(fèi)者的需求與商人試圖最大

匕其利潤(rùn)的欲望和個(gè)人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相結(jié)合，一起決定了

I?么應(yīng)該被制造，以及資源如何被用來(lái)制造它們。

3.另一方面，如果大量制造某種商品導(dǎo)致其成本下降，那么這就有

）能增加賣方和制造商能提供的供給，而這也就會(huì)反過(guò)來(lái)降低價(jià)格并允

F更多的消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買產(chǎn)品。

4.在美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)中，私有財(cái)產(chǎn)的概念不僅包含對(duì)生產(chǎn)資源的所有權(quán)，

2指其他一些特定的權(quán)利，如確定一個(gè)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格和與另一個(gè)私人個(gè)體（經(jīng)

干單位）自由簽定合同的權(quán)利。

5.同時(shí)這些計(jì)算機(jī)記錄下哪些時(shí)間是最忙的，哪些員工工作效率最

隊(duì)這樣就能相應(yīng)地做出人員人事安排。而且它們（計(jì)算機(jī)）也能為促

當(dāng)活動(dòng)找到那些擁有優(yōu)先權(quán)的顧客。

6.不計(jì)其數(shù)的其他商業(yè)企業(yè)，從劇院到雜志出版商，從公用燃?xì)怆?/p>

7設(shè)施到牛奶處理廠，都通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)的使用給消費(fèi)者帶來(lái)更好、更有效

義的服務(wù)。

7.殘疾兒童在許多關(guān)鍵方面都與其同齡人不同。為了讓這些孩子發(fā)

專其全部的成人后的潛能，他們的教育必須適應(yīng)這些不同。

8.在過(guò)去的30年中，公共教育中顯示的對(duì)殘疾兒童的巨大關(guān)注表明

「我們社會(huì)中的一種中強(qiáng)烈的情緒，那就是所有的公民，不管其情況有

/寺殊，都應(yīng)享有充分發(fā)展其能力的機(jī)會(huì)。

9.它（廣告）能夠直接幫助貨物以比較合理的價(jià)格被迅速分銷出去,

M此可以（使公司）建立一個(gè)堅(jiān)固的國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，同時(shí)也使以具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力

勺價(jià)格提供出口變得可能。

10.除去議會(huì)有27件法案來(lái)規(guī)范廣告的條件，沒(méi)有任何一個(gè)正式的

」告商敢于推銷一種商品卻不能兌現(xiàn)其在廣告中的承諾。

11.如果其信息只被局限于告知一一就廣告而言，如果這不是完全不

了能達(dá)到的，也是非常難做的，因?yàn)榧幢闶且粋€(gè)諸如襯衫的顏色的選擇

Z樣的細(xì)節(jié)都會(huì)具有微妙的說(shuō)服意味，那么廣告就會(huì)如此地乏味以至于

之有人會(huì)關(guān)注它。

12.得到了升遷的工人們，成績(jī)進(jìn)步的學(xué)生，學(xué)會(huì)了一門新語(yǔ)言的外

II人一一這些都是那些有可衡量的結(jié)果宋顯示其努力的人們的例證。

13.隨著家庭離開(kāi)他們?cè)瓉?lái)穩(wěn)定的社區(qū)，離開(kāi)他們多年的朋友和擴(kuò)展

勺家庭關(guān)系，非正式的信息流動(dòng)被切斷了，隨之而去的是對(duì)在需要時(shí)能

R得可靠和值得信賴的信息的信心。

14.現(xiàn)在每個(gè)人能夠得到的信息比任何時(shí)代的人都多，而找到與他/

也的特定問(wèn)題相關(guān)的那一點(diǎn)信息的任務(wù)不僅復(fù)雜、耗時(shí)，有時(shí)甚至令人

正以招架。

15.通過(guò)遠(yuǎn)程會(huì)議，專家知識(shí)可以在全世界范圍內(nèi)被分享，而爭(zhēng)論的

習(xí)題能夠得到解決，同時(shí)相關(guān)人員也不必離開(kāi)他們的家庭或工作跑到一

、遙遠(yuǎn)的開(kāi)會(huì)地點(diǎn)。

16.現(xiàn)在這種讓孩子們和其同學(xué)或時(shí)間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的熱情導(dǎo)致了一個(gè)雙層

吉構(gòu)，在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)里面善于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的A類好像在某個(gè)方面要比他們B類的

弓輩更勝一籌。

17.在跟你談話的時(shí)候，可能成為你的雇主的人就一直在衡量你的教

式經(jīng)驗(yàn)和其他資格是不是值得他雇用你，而你的“商品”和能力一定

言以一種有條不紊而且合情合理的相互關(guān)聯(lián)的方式被展示出來(lái)。

18.英國(guó)廣播公司將作為一個(gè)公共基金支持的廣播組織存在下來(lái)，至

，目前會(huì)這樣，但是它的角色、它的規(guī)模和它的節(jié)目現(xiàn)在在英國(guó)成了全

H上下的討論話題。

19.這場(chǎng)辯論是由政府發(fā)動(dòng)的，政府請(qǐng)任何一個(gè)對(duì)英國(guó)廣播公司有意

1的人一包括普通的聽(tīng)眾和觀眾一來(lái)說(shuō)說(shuō)這個(gè)公司好在哪里或壞在哪

言，甚至要說(shuō)說(shuō)他們是否認(rèn)為這個(gè)公司值得被保留下來(lái)。

20.這種變化通過(guò)引入許多的專業(yè)因素從而適應(yīng)了這個(gè)新時(shí)代的技

t要求，并且它（這種變化）防止了效率的降低。這種效率的降低在精

）充沛的創(chuàng)業(yè)者之后的第二代和第三代人（領(lǐng)導(dǎo)公司）的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常會(huì)

殳掉那些家族公司的財(cái)富。

21.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitaland

ndustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceof

hareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresenting

rresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthe

andowners:andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsible

anagementofbusiness.

22.TownslikeBournemouthandEastbournespranguptohouse

argecomfortableclasseswhohadretiredontheirincomes,andwho

adnorelationtotherestofthecommunityexceptthatofdrawing

ividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholders'meetingto

ictatetheirorderstothemanagement.

23.Theshareholdersassuchhadnoknowledgeofthe

ives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbythecompanyin

hichheheldshares,andhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapital

ndlaborwasnotgood.

24.Thepaidmanageractingforthecompanywasinmoredirect

elationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthat

amiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhad

ftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamily

usinessnowpassingaway.

25.Amongthemanyshapingfactors,Iwouldsingleoutthe

ountry，sexcellentelementaryschools:alaborforcethat

elcomedthenewtechnology；thepracticeofgivingpremiumsto

nventors；andabovealltheAmericangeniusfor

onverbal,spatialthinkingaboutthingstechnological.

26.AsEugeneFergusonhaspointedout,Atechnologistthinks

boutobjectsthatcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbal

escriptions:theyaredealtwithinhismindbya

isual,nonverbalprocess....Thedesignerandthe

nventor....,areabletoassembleandmanipulateintheirminds

evicesthatasyetdonotexist0

27.RobertFultononcewrote,Themechanicshouldsitdown

monglevers,screws,wedges,wheel,etc,likeapoetamongthe

ettersofthealphabet,consideringthemasanexhibitionofhis

houghts,inwhichanewarrangementtransmitsanewidea0

28.Inthelastthreechapters,hetakesoffhisglovesand

ivesthecreationistsagoodbeating.Hedescribestheirprograms

nd,tactics,and,forthoseunfamiliarwiththewaysof

reationists,theextentoftheirdeceptionanddistortionmaycome

sanunpleasantsurprise.

29.Onthedustjacketofthisfinebook,StephenJayGould

ays:Thisbookstandsforreasonitself.Andsoitdoes-andall

oundbewellwerereasontheonlyjudgeinthe

reationism/evolutiondebate.

30.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhot

arliamentarydebates,Australia'sNorthernTerritorybecamethe

irstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethe

ivesofincurablyillpatientswhowishtodie.

31.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,including

hurches,right-to-lifegroupsandtheAustralianMedical

ssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofits

assage.Butthetideisunlikelytoturnback.

32.InAustralia-whereanagingpopulation,life-extending

echnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveal1playedtheir

artotherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawto

ealwitheuthanasia.

33.Thereare,ofcourse,exceptions.Small----minded

fficials,rudewaiters,andillmanneredtaxidriversarehardly

nknownintheUS.Yetitisanobservationmadesofrequentlythat

tdeservescomment.

34.Weliveinasocietyinwhichthemedicinalandsocialuse

fsubstances(drugs)ispervasive:anaspirintoquieta

eadache,somewinetobesociable,coffeetogetgoinginthe

orning,acigaretteforthenerves.

35.Dependenceismarkedfirstbyanincreasedtolerance,with

oreandmoreofthesubstancerequiredtoproducethedesired

ffect,andthenbytheappearanceofunpleasantwithdrawal

ymptomswhenthesubstanceisdiscontinued.

36.Isthiswhatyouintendedtoaccomplishwithyourcareers?

enatorRobertDoleaskedTimeWarnerexecutiveslastweek.You

avesoldyoursouls,butmustyoucorruptournationandthreaten

urchildrenaswell?

37.Thetestofanydemocraticsociety,hewroteinaWall

treetJournalcolumn',liesnotinhowwellitcancontrol

xpressionbutinwhetheritgivesfreedomofthoughtand

xpressionthewidestpossiblelatitude,howeverdisputableor

rritatingtheresultsmaysometimesbe

38.Duringthediscussionofrocksingingversesatlast

onth'sstockholders'meeting,Levinassertedthatmusicisnotthe

auseofsociety，sillsandevencitedhisson,ateacherinthe

ronx,NewYork,whousesraptocommunicatewithstudents.

39.Muchofthelanguageusedtodescribemonetarypolicy,such

ssteeringtheeconomytoasoftlandingofatouchonthebrakes,

akesitsound1ikeaprecisescience.Nothingcouldbefurther

romthetruth.

40.Economistshavebeenparticularlysurprisedbyfavorable

nflationfiguresinBritainandtheUnited

tates,since,conventionalmeasuressuggestthatboth

conomies,andespeciallyAmerica，s,havelittleproductiveslack.

0.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewageby

ngagingalargeprofesssignalelementandpreventedthedecline

nefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesoffamilyfirms

nthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergeticfounders.

21.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitaland

ndustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceof

hareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresenting

rresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthe

andowners:andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsible

anagementofbusiness.

22.TownslikeBournemouthandEastbournespranguptohouse

argecomfortableclasseswhohadretiredontheirincomes,andwho

adnorelationtotherestofthecommunityexceptthatofdrawing

ividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholders'meetingto

ictatetheirorderstothemanagement.

23.Theshareholdersassuchhadnoknowledgeofthe

ives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbythecompanyin

hichheheldshares,andhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapital

ndlaborwasnotgood.

24.Thepaidmanageractingforthecompanywasinmoredirect

elationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthat

amiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhad

ftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamily

usinessnowpassingaway.

25.Amongthemanyshapingfactors,Iwouldsingleoutthe

ountry，sexcellentelementaryschools:alaborforcethat

elcomedthenewtechnology；thepracticeofgivingpremiumsto

nventors；andabovealltheAmericangeniusfor

onverbal,spatialthinkingaboutthingstechnological.

26.AsEugeneFergusonhaspointedout,Atechnologistthinks

boutobjectsthatcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbal

escriptions:theyaredealtwithinhismindbya

isual,nonverbalprocess....Thedesignerandthe

nventor....,areabletoassembleandmanipulateintheirminds

evicesthatasyetdonotexist0

27.RobertFultononcewrote,Themechanicshouldsitdown

monglevers,screws,wedges,wheel,etc,likeapoetamongthe

ettersofthealphabet,consideringthemasanexhibitionofhis

houghts,inwhichanewarrangementtransmitsanewideao

28.Inthelastthreechapters,hetakesoffhisglovesand

ivesthecreationistsagoodbeating.Hedescribestheirprograms

nd,tactics,and,forthoseunfamiliarwiththewaysof

reationists,theextentoftheirdeceptionanddistortionmaycome

sanunpleasantsurprise.

29.Onthedustjacketofthisfinebook,StephenJayGould

ays:Thisbookstandsforreasonitself.Andsoitdoes-andall

oundbewellwerereasontheonlyjudgeinthe

reationism/evolutiondebate.

30.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhot

arliamentarydebates,Australia'sNorthernTerritorybecamethe

irstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethe

ivesofincurablyillpatientswhowishtodie.

31.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,including

hurches,right-to-1ifegroupsandtheAustralianMedical

ssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofits

assage.Butthetideisunlikelytoturnback.

32.InAustralia-whereanagingpopulation,life-extending

echnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheir

artotherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawto

ealwitheuthanasia.

33.Thereare,ofcourse,exceptions.Smal1----minded

fficials,rudewaiters,andillmanneredtaxidriversarehardly

nknownintheUS.Yetitisanobservationmadesofrequentlythat

tdeservescomment.

34.Weliveinasocietyinwhichthemedicinalandsocialuse

fsubstances(drugs)ispervasive:anaspirintoquieta

eadache,somewinetobesociable,coffeetogetgoinginthe

orning,acigaretteforthenerves.

35.Dependenceismarkedfirstbyanincreasedtolerance,with

oreandmoreofthesubstancerequiredtoproducethedesired

ffect,andthenbytheappearanceofunpleasantwithdrawal

ymptomswhenthesubstanceisdiscontinued.

36.Isthiswhatyouintendedtoaccomplishwithyourcareers?

enatorRobertDoleaskedTimeWarnerexecutiveslastweek.You

avesoldyoursouls,butmustyoucorruptournationandthreaten

urchiIdrenaswel1?

37.Thetestofanydemocraticsociety,hewroteinaWall

treetJournalcolumn，,liesnotinhowwellitcancontrol

xpressionbutinwhetheritgivesfreedomofthoughtand

xpressionthewidestpossiblelatitude,howeverdisputableor

rritatingtheresultsmaysometimesbe....

38.Duringthediscussionofrocksingingversesatlast

onth'sstockholders，meeting,Levinassertedthatmusicisnotthe

auseofsociety，sillsandevencitedhisson,ateacherinthe

ronx,NewYork,whousesraptocommunicatewithstudents.

39.Muchofthelanguageusedtodescribemonetarypolicy,such

ssteeringtheeconomytoasoftlandingofatouchonthebrakes,

akesitsound1ikeaprecisescience.Nothingcouldbefurther

romthetruth.

40.Economistshavebeenparticularlysurprisedbyfavorable

nflationfiguresinBritainandtheUnited

tates,since,conventionalmeasuressuggestthatboth

conomies,andespeciallyAmerica's,havelittleproductiveslack.

翻譯

21.這樣巨大而非個(gè)人的對(duì)資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的操縱極大地增加了股東的

攵量和他們作為一個(gè)階級(jí)的重要性，這是國(guó)家生活中代表不負(fù)責(zé)任的財(cái)

學(xué)的一個(gè)因素，這種財(cái)富不但遠(yuǎn)離了土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩呢?zé)任，而且?guī)?/p>

，同樣與公司的負(fù)責(zé)任的管理毫無(wú)關(guān)系。

22.像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本這樣的城鎮(zhèn)的涌現(xiàn)是為了給那些數(shù)量很

》的“舒適”階級(jí)提供居住場(chǎng)所。這些人依賴于其豐厚收入而不工作，

U們除了分紅和偶爾參加一下股東大會(huì)，向管理層口授一下自己的命令

二外，跟社會(huì)的其他階層毫無(wú)瓜葛。

23.這樣的“股東”對(duì)他擁有股份的公司所雇用的工人們的生活、思

艮和需求一無(wú)所知，而且他們對(duì)勞資雙方的關(guān)系都不會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響。

24.代表公司的花錢雇來(lái)的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關(guān)系更加直接，但

就連他對(duì)工人們也沒(méi)有那種熟識(shí)的私人之間的了解。而在現(xiàn)在正在消

三的古老家族公司的那種更加家長(zhǎng)式的制度下的雇主們卻常常對(duì)他們的

二人有這樣的私人關(guān)系。

25.在許多形成因素當(dāng)中，我將挑選出這些：這個(gè)國(guó)家優(yōu)秀的小學(xué)教

r:歡迎新技術(shù)的勞動(dòng)者們：獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)發(fā)明者的做法；而且最重要的是美國(guó)

（在對(duì)那些技術(shù)性事物的非言語(yǔ)的、“空間性的”思考方面的天賦。

26.正如尤金?弗格森所指出的那樣：“一個(gè)技術(shù)專家思考那些不能

女簡(jiǎn)化成能被清楚的語(yǔ)言描述的東西。這些東西在他的思維中是通過(guò)一

中視覺(jué)的、非語(yǔ)言表述的過(guò)程宋處理的……設(shè)計(jì)者和發(fā)明者……能夠在

U們的腦中裝配并操作那些還不存在的裝置?！?/p>

27.羅伯特?法歐特曾經(jīng)這樣寫(xiě)到：“一個(gè)技師會(huì)坐在杠桿、螺絲釘、

電子、輪子等等當(dāng)中，就像一個(gè)詩(shī)人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把這些字

于看成自己思想的展示，在這樣的展示中，每種新的次序安排都傳達(dá)了

——種新的思想?！?/p>

28.在最后三章中，他脫下手套，將神造論者好好地揍了一頓。他描

區(qū)了他們的活動(dòng)和戰(zhàn)術(shù)，而且，對(duì)于那些對(duì)神造論者的做事方式刁；熟

氐的人來(lái)說(shuō)，神造論者的欺騙和扭曲事實(shí)的程度可能會(huì)令這些人有一種

y快的詫異。

29.在這本杰出的書(shū)的外紙封面上，史蒂芬?杰伊?古爾德寫(xiě)道：

"這本書(shū)本身就代表理性?！倍_實(shí)是這樣的——而且如果理性成為

中造論/地化論之間的辯論中的惟一評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的話，一切就都好辦了。

30.經(jīng)過(guò)了六個(gè)月的爭(zhēng)論以及最后16個(gè)小時(shí)激烈的議會(huì)辯論，澳大

U亞北部地區(qū)成了世界上第一個(gè)允許醫(yī)生終止希望死去的絕癥病人生命

勺立法當(dāng)局。

31.一些機(jī)構(gòu)終于松了一口氣，但是其他一些機(jī)構(gòu)，包括教堂，倡導(dǎo)

匚命之權(quán)的團(tuán)體和澳大利亞醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)，尖銳地抨擊這個(gè)法案，指責(zé)法案

勺通過(guò)過(guò)于匆忙。但是大勢(shì)已定，不可逆轉(zhuǎn)。

32.在澳大利亞——人口老齡化，延長(zhǎng)壽命的技術(shù)和變化看的社會(huì)態(tài)

t這些因素都在發(fā)揮作用一一其他的州也會(huì)考慮制定相似的關(guān)于安樂(lè)

匕的法律。

33.當(dāng)然，例外是存在的。在美國(guó)，心胸狹窄的官員，粗魯?shù)膫髡撸?/p>

口沒(méi)有禮貌的出租車司機(jī)也并不少見(jiàn)。然而人們常常得出這樣的觀察意

1,這使得它值得被討論一下。

34.我們生活在一種藥品（毒品）的醫(yī)學(xué)用途和社會(huì)用途都很廣泛的

上會(huì)里：一片用來(lái)止頭痛的阿斯匹林，一些用來(lái)社交的葡萄酒，早上自

巳提提神所喝的咖啡，一支用來(lái)定神的香煙。

35.對(duì)藥品的依賴性首先表現(xiàn)為不斷增長(zhǎng)的耐藥量，要產(chǎn)生想得到的

攵果所需要的藥品劑量越來(lái)越大，然后表現(xiàn)為當(dāng)停止用藥后，令人不快

勺停藥癥狀的出現(xiàn)。

36.上星期參議員羅博特多爾質(zhì)問(wèn)時(shí)代華納公司的高級(jí)管理人員們：

"難道這就是你們希望能夠成就的事業(yè)?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂，但

I:難道你們還非要腐化我們的國(guó)家，威脅我們的孩子們嗎？”

37.“對(duì)任何一個(gè)民主社會(huì)的考驗(yàn)，”他在《華爾街雜志》的一個(gè)專

蘭文章中寫(xiě)到，“不在于它能夠多有效地控制各種意見(jiàn)的表達(dá)，而在于

Z個(gè)社會(huì)是否能給予思考和表達(dá)的盡可能廣泛的自由，不管有時(shí)候這種

吉果是多么的富有爭(zhēng)議或令人不快…”

38.在-上個(gè)月的股東大會(huì)上關(guān)于搖滾歌詞的討論中，萊文宣稱說(shuō)：

"音樂(lè)不是社會(huì)問(wèn)題的原因”，他甚至還以他的兒子為例。他的兒子是

[1約州布朗克斯的一個(gè)教師，并用說(shuō)唱音樂(lè)與學(xué)生們進(jìn)行溝通。

39.有很多用于描述貨幣政策的詞匯，例如“輕踩剎車”以“操縱經(jīng)

干軟著陸”，使貨幣政策聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是一門精確的科學(xué)。沒(méi)有什么比這更

￡離實(shí)際情況的了。

40.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們對(duì)英國(guó)和美國(guó)的有利的通貨膨脹數(shù)據(jù)尤其感到驚訝，

M為傳統(tǒng)的計(jì)量方法顯示兩國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)，特別是美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)，幾乎沒(méi)有生

日蕭條的時(shí)候。

41.Themostthrillingexplanationis,unfortunately,alittle

efective.Someeconomistsarguethatpowerfulstructuralchanges

ntheworldhaveupendedtheoldeconomicmodelsthatwerebased

ponthehistoricallinkbetweengrowthandinflation.

42.TheAswanDam,forexample,stoppedtheNilefloodingbut

eprivedEgyptofthefertilesiItthatfloodsleft-allinreturn

oragiantreservoirofdiseasewhichisnowsofullofsiltthat

tbarelygenerateselectricity.

43.Newwaysoforganizingtheworkplace-allthat

e-engineeringanddownsizing----areonlyonecontributiontothe

verallproductivityofaneconomy,whichisdrivenbymanyother

actorssuchasjointinvestmentinequipmentandmachinery,new

echnology,andinvestmentineducationandtraining.

44.Hiscolleague,MichaelBeer,saysthatfartoomany

ompanieshaveappliedre-engineeringinamechanistic

ashion,choppingoutcostswithoutgivingsufficientthoughtto

ong-termprofitability.

45.Defendersofsciencehavealsovoicedtheirconcernsat

eetingssuchasTheFlightfromScienceandReason,heldinNew

orkCityin1995,andScienceintheAgeof(Mis)information,which

ssembledlastJunenearBuffalo.

46.Asurveyofnewsstoriesin1996revealsthatthe

ntisciencetaghasbeenattachedtomanyothergroupsaswell,from

uthoritieswhoadvocatedtheeliminationofthelastremaining

tocksofsmallpoxvirustoRepublicanswhoadvocateddecreased

undingforbasicresearch.

47.The'trueenemiesofscience,arguesPaulEhrlichof

tanfordUniversity,apioneerofenvironmentalstudies,arethose

hoquestiontheevidencesupportingglobalwarming,thedepletion

ftheozonelayerandotherconsequencesofindustrialgrowth.

48.Thisdevelopment-anditsstrongimplicationforUS

oliticsandeconomyinyearsahead----hasenthronedtheSouthas

merica，smostdenselypopulatedregionforthefirsttimeinthe

istoryofthenation'sheadcounting.

49.Oftentheychoose-andstillarechoosing----somewhat

olderclimatessuchasOregon,IdahoandAlaskainordertoescape

mogcrimeandotherplaguesofurbanizationintheGoldenState.

50.Asaresult,California,sgrowthratedroppedduringthe

970's,to18.5percent----littlemorethantwothirdstheI960(s

rowthfigureandconsiderablybelowthatofotherWesternstates.

51.Unlikemostoftheworld'svolcanoes,theyarenotalways

oundattheboundariesofthegreatdriftingplatesthatmakeup

heearth'ssurface;onthecontrary,manyofthemliedeepinthe

nteriorofaplate.

52.Therelativemotionoftheplatescarryingthesecontinents

asbeenconstructedindetai1,butthemotionoftheplateswith

especttoanothercannotreadilybetranslatedintomotionwith

especttotheearth'sinterior.

53.Wearingaseatbeltsaveslives;itreducesyourchanceof

eathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.

54.Whilewarningsareoftenappropriateandnecessary-the

angersofdruginteractions,forexample----andmanyarerequired

ystateorfederalregulations,itisn'tclearthattheyactually

rotectthemanufacturersandsellersfromliabilityifacustomer

sinjured.

55.Atthesametime,theAmericanLawInstitute----agroupof

udges,lawyers,andacademicswhoserecommendationscarry

ubstantialweight----issuednewguidelinesfortortlawstating

hatcompaniesneednotwarncustomersofobviousdangersor

ombardthemwithalengthylistofpossibleones.

56.Inthepastyear,however,softwarecompanieshavedeveloped

oolsthatallowcompaniestopushinformationdirectlyoutto

onsumers,transmittingmarketingmessagesdirectlytotargeted

ustomers.

57.TheexamplesofVirtualVineyards,Amazon,com,andother

ioneersshowthataWebsitesellingtherightkindofproducts

iththerightmixo