高考英語專項復(fù)習(xí)(1)-短文改錯

高考英語專項復(fù)習(xí)(1)---短文改錯第一頁，共40頁。2018屆高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)

短文改錯成縣陜西師范大學(xué)成州中學(xué)高三英語組第二頁，共40頁。命題特點

短文改錯短文長度在110詞左右,體裁為記敘文,題材為考生熟知的內(nèi)容。設(shè)題的形式通常是多詞和缺詞各1題,錯詞8題。設(shè)題以句為單位,每句最多兩處錯誤。第三頁，共40頁。設(shè)錯方式1.缺詞補(bǔ)漏（1）Ilikeplayingpiano.the2.多詞刪除（1）I’mmoretallerthanhim.3.

錯詞更正（8）IamfondatEnglish.of注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不記分。第四頁，共40頁。四不改1.標(biāo)點符號不改2.大小寫不改3.單詞拼寫不改4.語序錯誤不改第五頁，共40頁。短文改錯的失分原因1.基礎(chǔ)知識不夠扎實全面、語法功底不夠深厚，對英漢兩種語言表達(dá)上的差異不甚清楚，使用時頻頻出現(xiàn)“中式英語”。2、對高考短文改錯題的命題方向缺乏了解，因而答題時缺乏經(jīng)驗，思考的針對性、方向性很差。積累技巧失分原因第六頁，共40頁。錯誤設(shè)置及考點分布兩大類型：邏輯錯誤語法錯誤詞法錯誤句法錯誤第七頁，共40頁。2014-2017全國卷短文改錯知識點分布2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷2017二卷名詞yearshoursairparentshonestyknowledgeyearsinformations改為原形形容詞tastywonderfulmuchhelpfulseriousmanyworstfreeinteresting/interested副詞beforethere去veryterriblysteadilysoearlier改為early時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致havedon’tlooks/sitthoughtfind/beenbegantoldhaveusedchoosethinktoldcame改為comes非謂語lookingtakingwearingpick前加to代詞everywheremanyour加hishiswhat/our/muchmyself加Iall改為both冠詞加a去the加thethea加the去thea改為an或者one介詞offor/加towithin加offor去掉for連詞but去掉andbut去掉andandbeside改為besides從句that賓語where賓語that改為which特殊句式should虛擬第八頁，共40頁。解題技巧錯詞詞法方面:動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)錯誤、形容詞或副詞的誤用、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)錯誤、代詞誤用、介詞誤用、連詞誤用、非謂語動詞形式錯誤等;句法方面:名詞性從句連接詞、定語從句關(guān)系詞和主謂一致等。多詞或缺詞主要考查冠詞、介詞或代詞、不定式符號to。第九頁，共40頁。

1.不定冠詞a和an互改

2.不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改

3.根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞(注意慣用法)一.冠詞常見錯誤：

第十頁，共40頁。高考真題1.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.2.Awomansawhimcryingandtoldhimtowaitoutsideashop.3.Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawaywhentheycameovertoplay.4.Ifyou'dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.thethe

a第十一頁，共40頁。5.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.6.Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.7.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.8.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.9.ThatdayIdidn’tlearnmuchaboutanimals,insectsortrees,butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity!atheaan第十二頁，共40頁。

1.冠詞的基本用法。2.固定搭配。解決方案：

第十三頁，共40頁。二.名詞常見錯誤：

1.單復(fù)數(shù)用錯。2.可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。3.動詞、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞時的錯誤。第十四頁，共40頁。高考真題1.Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.2.Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.3.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.4.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.5.Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallhopeyouunderstand.parentsyearsairknowledgehours第十五頁，共40頁。6.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.7.Somefriendsofhisgotoseehimeveryday,theytakehimlotsofgoodbookandfreshfruit.8.Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool.9.I’dliketostaythereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterestandpracticingmyEnglish10.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.minutesbooksfriendsplaceshonesty第十六頁，共40頁。解決方案：

1.弄清可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞。2.記清一些用于固定詞組中名詞的用法。第十七頁，共40頁。

1.介詞的多余或缺失2.錯用。

三.介詞常見錯誤：

解決方案：1.常用介詞的基本用法2.常用介詞的固定搭配。

第十八頁，共40頁。高考真題1.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.2.NowIamleavinghometocollege.

3.Unluckily,on

the

development

of

industrialization,

the

environment

has

been

polluted.4.Tony

saw

a

toy

on

a

shop

window.5.Withthehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes.6.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivitiesofforwithinoffor第十九頁，共40頁。7.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.8.He

was

tall,

with

broad

shoulders

and

a

beard

that

turned

from

black

toward

gray

over

the

years.

9.The

book

I’m

reading

of

talks

about

afternoon

tea

in

Britain.10.Interestingly,it

had

a

connection

by

theBritish

porcelain

industry.11.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyeartointo/towith/to第二十頁，共40頁。1.人稱代詞、物主代詞的前后一致性、單復(fù)數(shù)的一致性。2.人稱代詞主格和賓格的變化。3.代詞的誤用與漏用。4.不定代詞錯用。5.作形式主語與形式賓語it的遺漏或誤用。四.代詞常見錯誤：

第二十一頁，共40頁。高考真題1.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourview.2.Istillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp

.3.IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.4.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.5.Five

minutes

later.Tony

saw

parents..ourImyselfwhathis第二十二頁，共40頁。6.Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment.7.

Asaresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.8.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.9.He

had

a

deep

voice,

which

set

himself

apart

from

others

in

our

small

town10.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.11.When

he

came

back,I

found

a

bunch

of

flowers

in

her

hand.oureverywheremanyhimmuchhis第二十三頁，共40頁。五.形容詞和副詞常見錯誤：

1.形容詞與副詞的混用。2.形容詞與副詞比較等級混用。3.同義或近義或反義形容詞與副詞之間的混用。第二十四頁，共40頁。解決方案：

1.在句中作定語、表語、補(bǔ)語用形容詞。在句中作狀語，修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞和全句用副詞。2.注意比較級或最高級的比較對象和范圍。特別注意提示詞most,than,as以及其他加強(qiáng)比較等級程度的修飾語。單音節(jié)形容詞和副詞比較級前不可再加more。3.注意many,much,afew,alittle,very,so,too,Ever,never,hard,hardly,ago,before等詞的區(qū)別。4.-ing形容詞與-ed形容詞的區(qū)別。5.注意并列現(xiàn)象。6.熟記固定搭配so…that,too…to,as…as等第二十五頁，共40頁。高考真題1.Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.2.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinksuch.

3.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.4.Globalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.5.DadandIwereterribleworried.6.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.somanysteadilyseriousterribly第二十六頁，共40頁。7.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.

8.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!.9.Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework10.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.11.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.12.IhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.13.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.freewonderfultastyTheremuchhelpfulworst第二十七頁，共40頁。六.連詞常見錯誤：

上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，主要是but與so/and與or之間的誤用.第二十八頁，共40頁。高考真題1.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.2.Hemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusedforcooking.3.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.4.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.5.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblem.andandand第二十九頁，共40頁。七.動詞常見錯誤1.時態(tài)錯誤,時態(tài)的更改要以上下文的主體時態(tài)為依據(jù)注意：通常是一般現(xiàn)在時改為一般過去時;或者一般過去時改為一般現(xiàn)在時2.

主謂不一致,如主語為單數(shù)，謂語動詞未用單數(shù),或主語為復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞卻用了單數(shù);再就是就近原則對主語的影響

3.語態(tài)錯用,以及不能用被動語態(tài)的詞和短語，比如：happen,takeplace,belongto,cometrue第三十頁，共40頁。高考真題1.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.2.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytosuccessishonesty.3.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.4.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmuch.5.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinkso.Theyalwaystellmewhattodo.toldhaveusedchoosethink第三十一頁，共40頁。6.Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.7.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasbecomeaveryseriousproblem.8.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.9.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.10.Wedidn’tneedtodosomuchhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimeforafter-schoolactivities.11.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowers.don’tthoughtfindbeganlooks第三十二頁，共40頁。解決方案1

通讀全文，搞清文中動詞主體時態(tài).2

結(jié)合語境，靈活運(yùn)用時態(tài)形式.3

認(rèn)真推敲，準(zhǔn)確把握主動與被動.第三十三頁，共40頁。4.非謂語動詞的錯用：主要是doing與done之間的誤用,動詞不定式符號to的添加,動詞原形變成doing的形式等and連接的todo或doing前后一致問題;.第三十四頁，共40頁。高考真題1.Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.2.IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.3.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundthathisparentsweremissing.4.Hewouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottoknowingus.5.Wehavebeen