英語四級語法虛擬語氣

虛擬語氣一.一般虛擬條件句(1)與現(xiàn)在事實相反 IfIwereyou,Iwouldn‘tworry. IfIhadthebookathand,Iwouldreadthepassagetoyou.那么，虛擬語氣現(xiàn)在時的句型為：從句：If+主語+動詞過去式(be變were)+…主句:主語+would(should,could,might)+動詞原形+…(2)與過去事實相反 Ifyouhadgonetolastnight’sgames,youwouldhavemethim. Ifthepolicemanhadarrivedearlier,hewouldhaveseentheaccident.那么，虛擬語氣過去時的結(jié)構(gòu)是：從句：If+主語+過去完成時…主句:主語+should(或would,could,might)+現(xiàn)在完成時…(3)與將來事實相反 Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldgivehimthedictionaryheneeds. IfMr.Liweretodotheexperimenttomorrow,hemightreadtheinstructionscarefully.

-那么虛擬語氣將來時的句型是:從句：If+主語+should(或wereto)+動詞原形+…主句：同虛擬語氣現(xiàn)在時的主句結(jié)構(gòu)。練習：1.Ifthisreportweremoreaccurate,itaninvaluabledocument.A.wereB.hadbeenC.willbeD.wouldbe(D)2.Iintroubleifthepolicehadstoppedme.A.wereB.wouldhavebeenC.wouldbe D.hadbeen(B)3.Whatwouldyoudoifwarout.A.breaksB.couldbreakC.hadbrokenout D.weretobreak(D)二、在if引導的虛擬條件句中，若有were,had,should,可省去if,將were,had,should提到主語前，形成倒裝。例如： Shouldtherebeameetingtomorrow,hewouldtell歡迎下載

you. Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,wewouldnothaveachievedsomuch.練習：.beforeweleavethedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.A)Hadtheyarrived B)WouldtheyarriveC)Weretheyarriving D)Weretheytoarrive(D).Hadheworkedharder,hetheexams.A)musthavegotthrough B)wouldhavegotthroughC)wouldgetthrough D)couldgetthrough(B)3.enteruniversityoneday,Iwouldworkveryhard.A)WouldIeverB)EverwouldIC)ShouldIeverD)EvershouldI歡迎下載

(C)三.由asif/asthough引導的從句中用過去時表示對現(xiàn)在虛擬，用過去完成時表示對過去事實的虛擬。例如： Sammylooksasthoughhenevergotasquaremeal,butinfacthisparentsfeedhimverywell.(用過去式表與現(xiàn)在事實相反) Heappearedasifhehadknownnothingaboutit.(用過去完成式表與過去相反的事實) Theoldwomanheldhimasifshewouldneverlethimgoagain.(用would+原形動詞表與將來事實相反)練習：TheAmericanyoungmanspeaksChinesefluentlyasifheaChinese.A)is B)were C)hasbeenD)hadbeen(B)2.Thegardenlookedasifityesterday.A)wasn’twatered B)didn’twaterC)hasn’twatered D)hadn’t歡迎下載

beenwatered(D)動詞wish動詞wish后賓語從句中的虛擬語氣 Iwishhewereherenow. Shewishesshewouldalwaysremainyoung. 1wishyouhadnothurtJimsomuch.Heisstillverydepressed.練習：IwishIlongerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A)hadsleptB)sleptC)mighthavesleptD)haveslept(A)Theyneverhaveenoughresourcesandtheywishtheymore.A)haveB)hadC)willhaveD)havehad(B)五.在表示建議、命令、要求等動詞的后面，其賓語從句的謂語用“should+原形動詞”表示虛擬語氣，或省歡迎下載

略should表示“要求”的：request,demand,require表示“提議、勸告、建議”的：propose,suggest,advise表示“決定、命令”的：order,command表示“堅持”的insist例如： Weinsistedthathe(should)bepresentattheceremony. Thedirectorsuggestedthatshe(should)studymoreEnglishbeforegoingabroad.練習：.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathegothere.A)nottoB)won’tC)doesnotD)not(D).Mike’suncleinsistsinthishotel.(00.1)A)stayingnot B)thathewouldnotstayC)nottostay D)thathenotstay(D).Thejobwouldrequirethatat7o,clockevery歡迎下載

morning.A)hewillbeatthefactory B)hebeatthefactoryC)hewasatthefactory D)hehasbeenatthefactory⑻六.上述動詞的名詞形式用虛擬語氣requirement,advice,order,suggestion,proposal,command其后的從句，也用“should+原形動詞”表示虛擬語氣，或省去should。例如:Themanager’ssuggestionisthatthesecretary(should)learnshorthand.練習：.Thesuggestionthatthemayortheprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.A)wouldpresent B)oughttopresentC)presentD)presents(C).Oneoftherequirementsforafireisthatthematerialtoitsburningtemperature.A)heated B)beheatedC)tobeheated歡迎下載

D)beingheated(B)七、在“Itis(was)+形容詞(或過去分詞)+thaJ(主語從句)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語從句的謂語也用“should+原形動詞”表虛擬語氣?；蚴÷詓hould常用的形容詞和過去分詞有：表“要求”的：required,demanded,requested,desired表“建議”的：suggested表“迫切、緊迫、重要”的有：necessary,essential,important表“命令"的:ordered例如： ItisnecessarythatFrankdoawaywithhisbadhabit. Itisdesiredthatweshouldgeteverythingreadybytonight.練習：Theykepttellingusthatitwasvitalthatwethereontime.A)mustbe B)were C)beD)wouldbe歡迎下載

(C Itisnecessarythatanefficientworkerhisworkontime.A)accomplishB)accomplishesC)canaccomplishD)hasaccomplished(A)八、ftaItis(high/about)time+that引導的從句的謂語用一般過去時例如：Itishigh(about,already)timethatwewenttobed練習：It’shightimesomebodyhistongue.A)holdB)holdsC)heldD)shouldhold(C)練習(虛擬語氣部分)1.IfIitwasgoingtocostsomuch,Iwouldn’thaveboughtit.A.hadknownB.knewC.weretoknowD.歡迎下載 9

shouldhaveknown2.Wecannotimaginewhatourworldlikewithoutelectricpower.A.isB.willbeC.wouldbeD.hasbeen3.Myfilesareallovertheplace.IwishIaboxthatIthemin.A.have,cankeepB.havehad,canhavekeptC.willhave,willbeabletokeepD.had,couldkeep4.inouroffer,pleasecontactus.A.IfyouinterestedB.IfyouinterestC.ShouldyoubeinterestedD.Shouldyouinterest5.Itisnecessarythatthecarwindowswiththesechemicals.A.aretotreatB.betreatedC.will