英語劃分句子成分練習題及答案

英語劃分句子分（一句成分的定義構(gòu)成句的各個部分叫做句子成分子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主語和謂語；次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。（二主語主語是一個句子所述的主體般位于句首在be結(jié)構(gòu)問當主語不疑問詞時）和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如：Duringhasbecomeandmorepopular.（名詞）Weoftenspeakinclass.（代詞）One-thirdofingirls.（詞）swiminrivera（不定式）doestothehealth.動名詞）Therich（名詞化的形容詞）arehasnot（語從句）Itmasteraforeign（it作形式主語，真正的主語為后面的不定式（三謂：謂語說明主語所做動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)詞在句中作謂語一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下：簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。如Herunningeverymorning.復合謂語態(tài)動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成YoumaybookfortwoHecaughtabadcold.（）由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。如Wearestudents.（四）表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動詞（如※以肯定的語氣敘述主語狀態(tài)時，要用系動詞be※表示說話人所感知的主語的特或狀態(tài)時，系動詞用※示主語狀態(tài)變化時，系動詞用become,get,grow,turn(若跟名詞不加冠詞(asleep,ill,silent)等面大多數(shù)接形容作表語亦可接名詞作表語等※表示主語的持續(xù)時，系動詞用,※從印象的角度說明主語所處的狀態(tài)和特征時詞用常用于書面seem(tobe)☆1其后要求接形容詞而是副詞表語要特別注意的是有些動詞既可以作系動詞又可作實意動詞的用法遇到這種情況只能先根據(jù)其意思判斷清楚到底是前者還是后者后再對后面的詞性和詞義作出判斷和選擇。2這類不用進行時。3、系動詞無被動式。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示如OurteacherofEnglishis（詞）it（詞）（容詞speechisexciting.分詞）seven（數(shù)詞）jobteachEnglish.（不定式Hishobby（愛好isplayingfootball.（動名詞）Thebeoutof（詞短語）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副詞）Thetruthishasneverabroad.（表語從句）（五）賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。例如：went（展覽）（詞）Theheavycomingtoschoolontime.（代詞）HowdictionariesdoIfive.（數(shù)詞）helpedoldwithHepretendednotto（不定式短語）Ienjoylisteningpopularmusic.名詞短語I（fitforoffice.賓語從句）賓語種類）雙賓語（間接賓直賓語求雙賓直接賓和間接賓)的詞，直接賓語提前詞后加或歸納如下后面加to動詞給tell告bring帶來寄交讀pass遞把還給…lend借throw扔…給…leave留許，答應refuse拒②后面加for的詞：get得到make制造，做buy買do做play演order命令sing唱pay為……而付錢（2復合賓語（賓+補如Theyelectedhim（六）賓語補足語：英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個直接賓語以外，還要有一個賓語補語，才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞+語+補?！e語+名詞常用于改結(jié)的動詞有make,think,leave賓語形容詞”常見的動詞有think,believe,leave,drive,make,keep,wish,+副詞賓語+介詞短語語不定式補不定式有三種：A要求帶to的定式B要求不帶to的定式let,see,lookat,listento,等，用不定式作賓語補語時，要省去to”。但用于被語態(tài)時，還要加“等C單后加to或不加賓+在分詞”see,,,listento,feel賓語+過分詞”形式賓語＋形容賓+從※主補：對主語的補充。例如：Hishim（名詞）They（容詞）thein.副詞）You’tforcehimlendhismoneyto不定式短語）Wesawroom.現(xiàn)在分詞）foundintheingood（介詞短語）willsoonmakecitywhatyourcity（句）（七）定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示：Guilinabeautifulcity.（形容詞）Chinaisadevelopingcountry;（詞）Therethirtyteachersisourschool.（名詞）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeus（代詞）Ourmonitorfirsttheclassroom.（不定式短語）Theplantermbeenworkedout.（動名詞Hereadinganarticleabouthowto（詞短語）（八）狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語?？捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆簃ostquickly.副詞及副詞性詞組）Hehaslivedincityfortenyears.（詞短語）Henationalentrance（定式短語）Heintherooma（分詞短語Waitaminute.（名詞）youbegin,must（語從句）簡單句五種基本句型口訣英語句子萬萬千，五大句型把線牽。句型種類為動詞，后接什么是關(guān)鍵又分三類，單賓雙賓最常見；還有賓語補足語，各種搭配記心間。注意殊問詞的不定式短作直接賓語是一種很常用的式句是間接+疑詞+不定式簡單句的五個基本句型主語＋不物動詞came．/主語＋及動詞＋賓ShelikesEnglish.主語＋系詞＋語is．主語＋雙動詞＋間賓語＋直接賓語SheJohnbook．boughtbook主語＋賓動詞＋賓語＋賓語補語Sheherangry．Thepassage.（There+beThereabookonthe）練習一一、指出下列句子句子成分：gotonbus.2.Henewspaper.Ianswerclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!wentinthemorning.Hisswimmers.7.HetookphotosofpalacesinBeijing.beanAmericanfilmHeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.wishisscientist.11.tofinishworkin12.askmeitimportantmaster14.DoyouhaveelseTohonest;not16.Wouldyoutellmeyoursatthere,readinga18.Itisdutycleantidy.19.Heenterroom.20.sweet.21.ayoumustbecareful.Heoutplayafterhadhomework.untilyoucalled.24Ican'tyou.Yousincelastmet.didn'tgountilhewaseleven.26.Youcanlongyoucareful.iswhileIwalkeveryevening.29.Putitwherefoundit.You'llbelate,youhurry.30Ididasyou。areonebeatthem.early,goodseats.33.HemanI34.Hisfather(that/wheninwhich)wasThisiswhichlastWhetherhewillcomeisclear.Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.IknowhehastoldThelowItasifitrain.40.It'spityhaveleave·Heisyoungheworkshard.workshardstudentofclassup,orwe'lllate.44.Werarelyinhotels,puterswerestolenlast46.47.Itshouldbedoneatonce.wascomein.49.LilygivenstickerbyJack50.acarbeingnow?二、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的主語—語＝語（～Iyouverywell.I'mtired.nowitisvacationandI'mmyDadfarm.AugustisthehottestIttimeyeartheeveryIworkfromdawnuntildark.goworkingafterdarkbytheWericeinthesouthofStates,inthewhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.lotofonthefarm.Althoughthefarmlarge,myhastwoforhim.heforMybrothercareofvegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenrainintheAsaresult,wehavevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwefromwell.Itthenrunsalongchannelsdifferentofgarden.三、用符號劃出下列短文各句中的定語—語＝語（～MostSaturdayparty,evenharvesttime.Thesepartiesmakeveryhappy.WecookmeatanfireAmericanseatlotof—tooinopinion.mydrinkIIdrivehomeInyourletteryouindifferentareasofthearefivedifferentinthemystatewehoursBeijingHowdifferenttimeareasdohaveWell,Iandgetsomesleep.regardsyour四、選擇填空：(willleaveforBeijing.NowtheretheThemannowC.TheandwetandcoldC.wetandcoldwereand()3.Theapple____.A.B.nicelysweet()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.A.latestD.(______attheageof70.A.B.diedC.D.(allverynoneofstoptotakerest.our(foundthestreet______.A.B.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly()8.IthinklearnEnglishwell.A.itsit()9.Thedogmad.A.lookedislookedD.looked(willnever____Ijoinedthearmy.A.thatB.C.inwhere1Thatweameetingwilllasttwotakeninhomeinpastyears.ThisboxfiveIinBeijingfiveyears6Iwanttalkwithout8Youmustfinishtheseincannotdress10.Allofdidnotwhat12MrsBrownlooksveryhealthy.heafamousHerjobistolooktheinthe15ThereportMrJohnsonta