2023年中國建設(shè)銀行招聘考試模擬試題英語部分

中國建設(shè)銀行招聘考試模擬試題英語部分第三部分英語部分Passage1Overthepastdecade,Americancompanieshavetriedhardtofindwaystodiscourageseniorfromfeatheringtheirownnestsattheexpenseoftheirshareholders.Thethreemostpopularreformshavebeenrecruitingmoreoutsidedirectorsinordertomakeboardsmoreindependent,linkingbosses’paytovariousperformancemeasures,andgivingbossesshareoptions,sothattheyhavethesamelong-terminterestsastheirshareholders.ThesereformshavebeenwidelyadoptedbyAmerican’slargercompanies,andsurveyssuggestthatmanymorecompaniesarethinkingoffollowingtheirlead.Buthavetheydoneanygood?ThreepaperspresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAcademyofManagementinBostonthisweeksuggestnot.Asisusuallythecasewithboardroomtinkering,theconsequenceshavedifferedfromthoseintended.Startwiththoseindependentboards.Onthefaceofit,dismissingtheboss’sfriendsfromtheboardandreplacingthemwithoutsiderslooksaperfectwaytomakeseniormanagersmoreaccountable.ButthatisnottheconclusionofastudybyProfessorJamesWestphal.Instead,hefoundthatbosseswithaboardroomfullofoutsidesspendmuchoftheirtimebuildingalliances,doingpersonalfavorsandgenerallypleasingtheoutsiders.Alltoooften,theseseductionssucceed.Mr.Westphalfoundthat,toaremarkabledegree,

“independent”

boardspursuestrategiesthatarelikelytofavorseniormanagersratherthanshareholders.Suchcompaniesdiversifytheirbusiness,increasethepayofexecutivesandweakenthelinkbetweenpayandperformance.Toassesstheimpactofperformancerelatedpay,Mr.Westphalaskedthebossesof103companieswithsalesofover$1billionwhatmeasurementswereusedtodeterminetheirpay.Themeasurementsvariedwidely,rangingfromsalestoearningspershare.Buttheresearcher’sbigdiscoverywasthatbossesattendtomeasuresthataffecttheirownincomesandignoreorplaydownotherfactorsthataffectacompany’soverallsuccess.Inshort,bossesarequicktoturneveryimaginablesystemofcorporategovernmenttotheiradvantage—whichisprobablywhytheyarethepeoplewhoareputinchargeofthings.Hereisaparadoxforthemanagementtheorists:anybosswhocannotbeatasystemdesignedtokeephimundercontrolisprobablynotworthhaving.1.Whatisthepurposeofthelargecompaniesinrecruitingoutsidersandputtingthemontheboardofdirectors?A)Todiversifythebusinessofthecorporation.B)Toenhancethecooperationbetweentheseniormanagersandtheboarddirectors.C)Tointroduceeffectivereformsinbusinessmanagement.D)Toprotecttheinterestsoftheshareholders.2.WhatdoesProfessorJamesWestphal’sstudysuggest?A)Boardroomreformshavefailedtoachievethedesiredresult.B)Outsideboarddirectorstendtobemoreindependent.C)Withaboardroomfullofoutsiders,seniormanagersworkmoreconscientiously.D)Cooperationbetweenseniormanagersandboarddirectorssufferedfromthereforms.3.Theword

“seduction”(Line1,Para.4)probablymeans

“

”.A)effortstoconquerB)attemptstowinoverC)endeavorstoincreaseprofitsD)exertionstounderstand4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A)Corporateexecutivesingeneralareworththehighpaytheyreceive.B)Theincomeofcorporateexecutivesisproportionaltothegrowthofcorporateprofits.C)Corporateexecutivestendtotakeadvantageoftheirpositiontoenrichthemselves.D)Theperformanceofcorporateexecutivesaffectstheirowninterestsmorethanthoseoftheshareholders.5.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheeffortstocontrolseniorexecutives?A)Doubtful.B)Optimistic.C)Positive.D)Approving.

Passage2U.S.collegestudentsareincreasinglyburdenedwithcreditcarddebt,accordingtoastudyreleasedTuesday,andtheconsequencescanbeserious--rangingfromhigherdrop-outratestofutureemploymentproblemsandevensuicide.Basedonhundredsofface-to-faceinterviewsandsurveyswithstudents,sociologistRobertManningofGeorgetownUniversityconcludedboththenumberwithcreditcarddebtandtheirindebtednesshadbeen"systematicallyunderreported"inpreviousstudieswhichfailedtoreflectthe"survivalstrategies"manyusedtocopewiththeirdebts.Theseincludedtheuseoffederalstudentloanstopayoffcreditcards,effectivelyshiftingthedebt,appealstoparentsforloans,cuttingbackoncourseworktoincreasetimeatpaidjobs,orevendroppingoutaltogethertoworkfulltime."Officialdropoutratesincludegrowingnumbersofstudentswhoareunabletocopewiththestressoftheirdebtsand/orparttimejobsforservicingtheircreditcards,"thestudysaid.Eventhen,debtscanhauntstudents."Studentcreditcarddebtsareincreasinglyscrutinizedduringtherecruitmentprocessandmaybeanimportantfactorinevaluatingprospective.employee,"itnoted.Andthestresscanalsomanifestinfarmoretragicways.JanneO'Donnell's2g-year-oldson,ajuniorattheUniversityofOklahoma,committedO'DonnellandManningagreedstudentsshouldbearsomeresponsibilityforrecklessuseofcredit,butsaidcreditcardcompaniesalsohadtobeheldaccountableformakingitsoeasyforthemtogetintodebt.Manningsaidoneofthemostdisturbingaspectsofthestudentcreditcardissuewas"theseductionofcollegeanduniversityadministratorsbythecreditcardindustry."Cardissuersweresponsoringschoolprograms,fundingactivitiesandevenenteringintobusinesspartnershipswithschoolsinvolvingcollege-branded"affinity"cards,hesaid."Asaresult,ratherthanprotectingtheeconomicandeducationalinterestsoftheirstudents,collegeadministratorsareplayinganactiveandoftendisingenuousroleinpromotingtheprominenceofcreditcardsincollegiatelife."1.WhichisNOToneofthestrategiesAmericanstudentsmayusetodealwiththeircreditcarddebt?A)Usefederalstudentloans.B)Seekpart-timejobstogetmoney.C)Promotetheprominenceofcreditcards.D)Askparentstohelpthempaythedebt.2.WhichmayNOTbetheconsequenceofstudents'creditcarddebt?A)Highdrop-outrates.B)Enterintobusinesspartnershipswithschools.C)Commitsuicide.D)Futureemploymentproblems.3.Whoshouldbeleastcriticizedfornegativeconsequencesofstudents'creditcarddebtaccordingtothepassage?A)Parents.B)Studentsthemselves.C)Collegeanduniversityadministrators.D)Creditcardissuers.4.Themainideaofthispassageis______.A)negativeconsequencesofstudents'usingcreditcardB)collegeadministratorsareplayingtheirproperrolesinpromotingcreditcardsC)cardissuersorcollegeadministratorspromotedcreditcardD)reasonsforhighdrop-outratesinuniversities5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A)studentsshouldnothavepart-timejobsB)creditcardsshouldnotbeusedC)ifthereisnocreditcard,collegestudentsmaynotcommitsuicideD)collegestudentsshouldlearntowiselymanagetheirpersonalfinancesPassage3InthefirstyearorsoofWebbusiness,mostoftheactionhasrevolvedaroundeffortstotaptheconsumermarket.Morerecently,astheWebprovedtobemorethanafashion,companieshavestartedtobuyandsellproductsandserviceswithoneanother.Suchbusiness-to-businesssalesmakesensebecausebusinesspeopletypicallyknowwhatproductthey'relookingfor.However,manycompaniesstillhesitatetousetheWebbecauseofdoubtsaboutitsreliability."Businessesneedtofeeltheycantrustthepathwaybetweenthemandthesupplier,"sayssenioranalystBlaneErwinofForresterResearch.Somecompaniesarelimitingtheriskbyconductingonlinetransactionsonlywithestablishedbusinesspartners.AnothermajorshiftinthemodelforInternetcommerceconcernsthetechnologyavailableformarketing.Untilrecently,Internetmarketingactivltie8havefocusedonstrategiesto"pull"customersintosites.Inthepastyear,however,softwarecompanieshavedevelopedtoolsthatallowcompaniesto"push"informationdirectlyouttocustomers,transmittingmarketingmessagesdirectlytotargetedcustomers.Mostnotably,thePointcastNetworkusesascreensavertodeliveracontinuallyupdatedstreamofnewsandadvertisementstosubscribers'computermonitors.Subscriberscancustomizetheinformationtheywanttoreceiveandproceeddirectlytoacompany'sWebsite.CompaniessuchasVirtualVineyardsarealreadystartingtousesimilartechnologiestopushmessagestocustomersaboutspecialsales,productoffering,orotherevents.ButpushtechnologyhasearnedthecontemptofmanyWebusers.Inlineculturethinkshighlyofthenotionthattheinformationflowingontothescreencomestherebyspecificrequest.Oncecommercialpromotionbeginstofillthescreenuninvited,thedistinctionbetweentheWebandtelevisionfades.ButitishardlyinevitablethatcompaniesontheWebwillneedtoresorttopushstrategiestomakemoney.TheexamplesofVirtualVineyards,Amazon:comandotherpioneersshowthataWebsitesellingtherightkindofproductswiththerightmixofinteractivity,hospitality,andsecuritywillattractonlinecustomers.Andthecostofcomputingpowercontinuestofall,whichisagoodsignforanyenterprisesettingupshopinsilicon.Peoplelookingback5or10yearsfromnowmaywellwonderwhysofewcompaniestooktheonlineplunge.1.WelearnfromthebeginningofthetextthatWebbusinesses______.A)hasbeenstrivingtoexpanditsmarketB)intendedtofollowafancifulfashionC)triedbutinvaintocontrolthemarketD)hasbeenboomingforoneyearorso2.Speakingoftheonlinetechnologyavailableformarketing,theauthorimpliesthat______.A)thetechnologyispopularwithmanyWebusersB)businesseshavefaithinthereliabilityofonlinetransactionsC)thereisaradicalchangeinstrategyD)itisaccessiblelimitedlytoestablishedpartners3.InviewofNetpurists,______.A)thereshouldbenomarketingmessagesinonlinecultureB)moneymakingshouldbegivenprioritytoontheWebC)theWebshouldbeabletofunctionasthetelevisionsetD)thereshouldbenoonlinecommercialinformationwithoutrequests4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthat______.A)pushinginformationontheWebisessentialtoInternetcommerceB)interactivity,hospitalityandsecurityareimportanttomarketingC)leadingcompaniesbegantotaketheonlineplungedecadesagoD)settingupshopsinsiliconisindependentofthecostofcomputingpower5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextisto______.A)urgeactiveparticipationinonlinebusinessB)elaborateonvariousmarketingstrategiesC)compareWebbusinesswithtraditionalcommerceD)illustratethetransitionfromthepushtopullstrategy答案解析Passage11.【答案】D。解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題依據(jù)為本文第一段第一、二句"Overthepastdecade,Americancompanieshavetriedhardtofindwaystodiscourageseniorfromfeatheringtheirownnestsattheexpenseoftheirshareholders.Thethreemostpopularreformshavebeenrecruitingmoreoutsidedirectorsinordertomakeboardsmoreindependent."此句大意為:在過去的十年里,美國公司力圖尋求方法以阻止資深管理者以犧牲股東利益為代價(jià)損公肥私的行為。為此采取了最流行的三種改革措施，如招錄外來董事以使董事會更加獨(dú)立。由此我們可推知招錄外來董事的目的是為了保護(hù)股東的利益。其中tofeathertheirownnests意為"構(gòu)筑自己的窩"；attheexpenseoftheirshareholders意為"以股東的利益為代價(jià)"。2.【答案】A。解析：A細(xì)節(jié)推論題文章第二段最后一句"theconsequenceshavedifferedfromthoseintended"表明改革的結(jié)果是事與愿違，這是一個(gè)總的結(jié)論。第三、四、五段是具體說明，主要是引用了Westphal的調(diào)查結(jié)果。因此，本題答案應(yīng)當(dāng)是A。3.【答案】B。解析：B詞義判斷題文章第三段最后講外來董事會的老板們會花很多時(shí)間建立聯(lián)盟,施惠于個(gè)人以討好外來董事,第四段開始接著說這些手段通常是成功的,由此我們可以推知老板的這些手段是為了爭取外來董事而結(jié)成聯(lián)盟,進(jìn)而可推知B正確。4.【答案】C。解析：C細(xì)節(jié)判斷題本題可用排除法。選項(xiàng)A(公司高層應(yīng)拿高薪)文章未提及;選項(xiàng)B(公司高層的收入與公司增長的利潤成比例)也未提及;選項(xiàng)D(公司高層的表現(xiàn)比那些股東更會影響其自身利益)文章同樣未提及;選項(xiàng)C(公司高層傾向于利用其地位肥己)與文章第五段最后一句所述之意相符。5.【答案】A。解析：A觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題縱觀全文,作者所述三項(xiàng)改革舉措并未收到預(yù)期的效果,反而適得其反,事與愿違,由此我們可判斷作者對其最終的結(jié)果顯然持懷疑態(tài)度，故正確答案為A,B選項(xiàng)(樂觀的)、C選項(xiàng)(肯定的)和D選項(xiàng)(贊成的)均排除。Passage21.【答案】C。解析：C細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第二段提及“Theseincludedtheuseoffederalstudentloanstopayoffcreditcards，effectivelyshiftingthedebt，appealstoparentsforloans，cuttingbackoncourseworktoincreasetimeatpaidjobs，orevendroppingoutaltogethertoworkfulltime．”，因此，正確答案為C項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)C是collegeadministrators從事的活動，不是美國學(xué)生。2.【答案】B。解析：B細(xì)節(jié)題。文中開篇提到“theconsequencescanbeserious-rangingfromhigherdrop-outratestofutureemploymentproblemsandevensuicide”，最后一段談到“Cardissuersweresponsoringschoolprograms，fundingactivitiesandevenenteringintobusinesspartnershipswithschools”，由此可以看出選項(xiàng)B是cardissuers從事的活動，而不是美國學(xué)生，更不是使用creditcard的后果。因此，正確答案為B項(xiàng)。3.【答案】A。解析：A細(xì)節(jié)題。文末倒數(shù)第二句、第三句中提到了“students，cardcompanies，universityadministrators”都應(yīng)該為信用卡負(fù)面影響負(fù)責(zé)。因此，正確答案為A項(xiàng)。4.【答案】A。解析：A主旨題。本文首句即提到“U．S．collegestudentsareincreasinglyburdenedwithcreditcarddebt”，第二段主旨是“growingnumbersofstudentswhoareunabletocopewiththestressoftheirdebtsand/orparttimejobsforservicingtheircreditcards”。第三段講“debtscanhauntstudents”，最后一段主要講述“whoshouldanswerforthenegativeconsequences”。因此，正確答案為A項(xiàng)。5.【答案】D。解析：D推斷題。文章主要講述學(xué)生使用信用卡