鉛鋅冶煉渣制備微晶玻璃和地質(zhì)聚合物及其鉛鎘固化機(jī)理

鉛鋅冶煉渣制備微晶玻璃和地質(zhì)聚合物及其鉛鎘固化機(jī)理鉛鋅冶煉渣制備微晶玻璃和地質(zhì)聚合物及其鉛鎘固化機(jī)理

摘要：為了實(shí)現(xiàn)對含鉛鎘污染土壤的治理和資源化利用，利用鉛鋅冶煉渣制備微晶玻璃和地質(zhì)聚合物，并研究了其固化含鉛鎘的機(jī)理。通過X射線衍射分析、掃描電子顯微鏡、透射電子顯微鏡等測試手段對樣品的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進(jìn)行檢測，結(jié)果表明制備的微晶玻璃和地質(zhì)聚合物具有良好的結(jié)晶性和致密性。針對含鉛鎘污染土壤模擬樣品進(jìn)行了批處理實(shí)驗(yàn)，結(jié)果表明微晶玻璃和地質(zhì)聚合物能夠有效固化土壤中的鉛鎘。通過電子探針、X射線光電子能譜等測試手段對樣品固化機(jī)理進(jìn)行了探究，結(jié)果表明微晶玻璃和地質(zhì)聚合物中的Si-OH基團(tuán)與土壤中的鉛鎘離子發(fā)生反應(yīng)，形成Si-O-Pb/Cd化學(xué)鍵，實(shí)現(xiàn)了含鉛鎘土壤的固化。

關(guān)鍵詞：鉛鋅冶煉渣、微晶玻璃、地質(zhì)聚合物、鉛鎘污染土壤、固化機(jī)理。

Abstract:Inordertoachievethetreatmentandresourceutilizationoflead-cadmiumcontaminatedsoil,thepreparationofmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerusinglead-zincsmeltingslagandthemechanismofsolidifyingleadandcadmiumwerestudied.ThestructureandmorphologyofthesamplesweretestedbyX-raydiffractionanalysis,scanningelectronmicroscopy,transmissionelectronmicroscopyandothertestingmethods,andtheresultsshowedthatthepreparedmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerhadgoodcrystallinityanddensity.Batchprocessingexperimentswerecarriedoutonsimulatedsoilsamplescontaminatedwithleadandcadmium.Theresultsshowedthatmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymercouldeffectivelysolidifyleadandcadmiuminthesoil.Themechanismofsamplesolidificationwasexploredbyelectronprobe,X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopyandothertestingmethods.TheresultsshowedthattheSi-OHgroupinmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerreactedwithleadandcadmiumionsinthesoiltoformSi-O-Pb/Cdchemicalbonds,therebyachievingthesolidificationofleadandcadmiumcontaminatedsoil.

Keywords:lead-zincsmeltingslag;microcrystallineglass;geopolymer;leadandcadmiumcontaminatedsoil;solidificationmechanismThesolidificationmechanismofleadandcadmiumcontaminatedsoilusingmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerwasfurtherinvestigatedinthisstudy.TheelectronprobeanalysisrevealedthattheSi-O-Pb/Cdchemicalbondswereformedinthesolidifiedsoil.X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopyanalysisalsoconfirmedthattheleadandcadmiumionswereimmobilizedbychemisorptionontothesurfaceoftheSi-OHgroupsinthemicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymer.

TheSi-OHgroupsinthemicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerplayedanimportantroleinthesolidificationprocess.ItwasfoundthattheSi-OHgroupswereabletoreactwiththeleadandcadmiumionsinthesoiltoformSi-O-Pb/Cdchemicalbonds.Thisreactionnotonlyimmobilizedtheleadandcadmiumions,butalsopreventedthemfromleachingoutofthesoil.

Thesolidificationprocessofleadandcadmiumcontaminatedsoilusingmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerwasaphysicalandchemicalprocess.Themicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymeractedasbindingagents,whiletheSi-OHgroupsinthemplayedacrucialroleinformingtheSi-O-Pb/Cdchemicalbondswiththeleadandcadmiumionsinthesoil.

Inconclusion,theresultsofthisstudyshowedthatthesolidificationmechanismofleadandcadmiumcontaminatedsoilusingmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerinvolvedtheformationofSi-O-Pb/CdchemicalbondsbetweentheSi-OHgroupsinthemicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerandtheleadandcadmiumionsinthesoil.Thisprocessimmobilizedtheleadandcadmiumionsandpreventedthemfromleachingoutofthesoil,therebyachievingthesolidificationofleadandcadmiumcontaminatedsoilFurthermore,thestudyalsofoundthatthesolidificationprocessusingmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerwaseffectiveinreducingtheavailabilityofleadandcadmiuminthecontaminatedsoil.Thiswasachievedthroughtheformationofstablechemicalbonds,whichreducedthemobilityofthecontaminantionsandtheirbioavailabilitytoplantsandanimals.

Inaddition,thestudyalsoanalyzedthephysicalpropertiesofthetreatedsoil,includingitsstrengthanddurability.Theresultsshowedthatthesoiltreatedwithmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerhadahighcompressivestrengthandimproveddurability,makingitsuitableforuseinconstructionandengineeringapplications.

Basedonthefindingsofthisstudy,itcanbeconcludedthattheuseofmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerisaneffectiveandenvironmentallyfriendlysolutionforsolidifyingleadandcadmiumcontaminatedsoil.Thisprocessnotonlyimmobilizesthecontaminantions,butalsoimprovesthephysicalpropertiesofthesoil,makingitsuitableforreuse.ThisapproachcancontributetotheremediationofcontaminatedlandandthesustainableuseofnaturalresourcesInadditiontothefindingsmentionedabove,thisstudyalsohighlightstheimportanceofconsideringtheenvironmentalimpactofanyremediationmethod.Theuseofmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerforsolidifyingcontaminatedsoilisasustainableapproachthatreducestheamountofwastegeneratedandhaslowenergyrequirementscomparedtoothermethodssuchasincinerationorlandfilling.

Furthermore,thisstudysuggeststhepotentialforfutureresearchtofurtheroptimizethesolidificationprocessbyexploringtheeffectsofdifferentadditivesandtheoptimalproportionofglassandgeopolymer.Additionally,long-termmonitoringofsitestreatedwiththismethodcanprovidevaluableinsightsintothedurabilityandeffectivenessofthetreatment.

Overall,theuseofmicrocrystallineglassandgeopolymerforsolidifyingleadandcadmiumcontaminatedsoiloffersapromisingsolutionforremediatingcontaminatedlandandpromotingsustainableuseofnaturalresources.Theresultsofthisstudycaninformpolicymakersandenvironmentalpractitionersintheirdecision-makingprocessandcontributetoamores