2018年高考英語閱讀七選五練習(xí)

2018年高考英語閱讀七選五練習(xí)【精品訓(xùn)練題（含答案），值得下載】一、高考英語閱讀七選五解題技巧考點(diǎn)1段中句【解題技巧】.理清句子與句子之間的關(guān)系從邏輯意義上來看，語段的句子與句子之間的關(guān)系分為并列、順序、層遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系。理解材料一定要把握語脈理清句際間的關(guān)系，進(jìn)而理解語段的內(nèi)容。.找出句子之間的連接性詞語語句間的組合，除了從語句間的意義關(guān)系分析外，還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語來把握。常用的連接詞有：因果關(guān)系：so,therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult等。并列關(guān)系：first,second,third...;firstly,secondly,thirdly...;first,next,then...;foronething,foranotherthing...等。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:however,nevertheless,still,though,yet,otherwise等?！镜淅浚?015?全國卷n片段）Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.36（Beforeyoubeginyourtraining）,buythebest-fitting,best-builtrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.37.Asalways,youshouldstretch（彳申?）atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.38,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.39.Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.40...AftersixdaysForagoodmarathonrunnerBeforeyoubeginyourtrainingWitheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmileIftheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthemTimespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingNowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime【解題思路】速讀短文，試找出與該題相關(guān)的句子，并標(biāo)出信息詞。Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet..Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright......beforeeachruntopreventinjuries.嘗試解答:E考點(diǎn)2段末句【典例】（2014.新課標(biāo)全國卷H片段）TipsforCookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon,tcookmoreoften:ability,money,andtime.Abilityiseasilyimproved.MoneyisatopicI,llsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule:Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenI'malreadyhungryandthere,snothingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready?17Trynewthings.Abilityiseasilyimproved.Makethreeorfourinstead.Understandyourfoodbetter.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.【解題思路】速讀短文，試找出能總結(jié)、概括本段的句子并標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞。Thinkahead.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook?嘗試解答:G【解題技巧】.文章主題句通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞，如轉(zhuǎn)折詞but,however等。特別是建議類說明文，文章主題句常在首段段末。.結(jié)論、概括句結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容，查找相同詞、同義詞或其他相關(guān)的信息詞，從而最終概括出結(jié)論句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,inaword等詞語。.承上啟下句結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭句，看是否與選項(xiàng)句緊密聯(lián)系起來，以此判斷是否是承上啟下句。二、精品訓(xùn)練題BrainTransplantsResearchonthehumanbrainhasbeenattractingmoreandmorescientistsinrecentyears.1Ifwecompareahumanbraintoaharddisc,whatthescientistsaredoingistomakebetteruseoftheharddisc.TheideathatahumanbraincouldbetransplantedmaycomefromFrankenstein.In1999,anexperimentturnedabearintoadolphin.2Theyweremadeofthememoryareainthedolphin,sbraincontaininginformationaboutswimming.Theyhadaseriesofusefulinformation,whichwassavedintoabutton-sizedchip（芯片）.Latertheinformationwastransplantedintotheactionmemoryareainthebear,sbrain.3Itprovedtobeahighlysuccessfulexperimentandabearwasturnedintoadolphin.Recently,anothermemorytransplantwasperformedattheMotorNerveResearchInstituteoftheUniversityofCalifornia.Theexperimenthadanentiretransplantofthememoryarea.4ThetransplantwasperformedfromadognamedGeniustoadognamedIdiot.Geniuscouldfollowupto100gesturesandordersmadebyitsmaster.Itwasarealgeniusinmemorizing.However,Idiothadnocontactwithpeoplesinceitsbirth.Itbecameananimalwithnothinginitsbrain,withoutanymemory.Whenthetwodogswokeup,IdiothadgraspedalltheabilitiesGeniuspossessed;itwasgoodatmemorizingandsensible.Itcouldfolloweverygestureandanycommandgivenbyitsmaster.ButGeniusgavenoresponsetoitsmaster,anddidnotrecognizehimatall.Theexperimentwasacompletesuccess.Itincludedactions,moods,logic,words,images,etc.Thenitwasreleasedbymeansofelectricpower.Differentimageshavedifferentmeaningsinthememoryarea.Usingthemostadvancedtechnology,detailedimageswereproduced.Discoveriesshowthatmessagesarecarriedbythecentralnervoussysteminthebrain.Oneofthelatesttopicsishowtochangethehumanbrainorcombineitwiththecomputer.W.LloydJerome’BentalSurgeryIfyouwalkintoW.LloydJerome,sdentalsurgeryinGlasgow,You,llseebrightpaintingsandafashionablebluecouchwhichpatientssitonwhilehecheckstheirteeth.Jeromesays,“That,sbecausethey,refrightened.”__1__“That,swhyIdon,twearawhitecoat.Ifindthat,soneofthethingsthatpeopleassociatewithpain.Infact,myphilosophyisthatdentaltreatmentshouldtakeplaceinanatmosphereofrelaxation,interestand,aboveall,enjoyment”,whichisallhighlyshockingforanyonewhoassociatesdentaltreatmentwithpain,orattheveryleast,formal,clinicalvisits.Hesays,“Ifpeoplearerelaxed,entertainedandcorrectlytreated,theywillforgetsuchpreviousunpleasantexperiences.”“Virtual-realityheadsetsareoneofhisnewrelaxationtechniques.2Theheadsetsareusedforthefirstcheck-up,wherethepatientsitsonthebluecouchandwatchesarfilmwhileIlookattheirteeth.Thentheheadsetswitchestoaspecialcamera,togivethepatientavisualtouraroundtheirmouth.”“Anotherkeypointisthatthesurgerysmellsmorelikeaperfumeshopthanadentisfs.Todaythereisthesmelloforange.‘Whenpeoplewalkin,Iwantthemtorealizewithalltheirsensesthatit'snotlikegoingtodentisfs.Smellisveryimportant.3”KnownasGlasgow,smostfashionabledentist,Jeromeiskeentopointoutthathetakeshisworkveryseriously.4Forexample,Jeromeusesaspecialinstrumentwhichsprayswarmwaterontheteethtocleanthem,ratherthanscrapingthem.“Itfeelsabitstrange,butaslongaspeoplearerelaxed,it,snotpainful.”5“OneofthethingsIfoundouttherewasthatwhenyoumakeiteasierforthepatient,youmakeiteasierforyourself.”Heseeshispatient-centredattitudeasthestartofagradualmovementtowardslessformalityintheconservativeBritishdentistryprofession.Atthatmoment,apatientarrives.Jeromerushesover,offershimacupoftea,askshimwhatvideohe,dliketowatchandleadshimgentlytowardsthechair.Fiveyearsago,JeromewenttotheUnitedStatestodoresearch.Hehastriedtocreateanenvironmentwherepeoplearenotafraid.Therelaxationtechniquesareimportantbutthequalityofthetreatmentisthemostimportantthing.WewerethefirstpracticeinBritaintointroducethem.Nowtheylookforwardtotheirvisitshere.Thatdentalsmellofsurgicalspiritcangettheheartracinginminutesifyou,refrightenedofdentists.Fiftypercentofthepopulationonlygotothedentistwhenthey,reinpain.SchoolPhobiaSchoolphobiaisatypeofillnesswhichcausesthestudents,typicallybetweentheagesof8-13,tobeafraidtogotoschool.Symptomsincludestomachaches,tiredness,shaking,aracingheartandfrequenttripstothetoilet.—Mostcommonlyitistheresultofseparationanxiety,butitcanalsobecausedbydifferentkindsofstress.Achildwhohasrecentlymoved,sufferedaloss,orgonethroughadivorcemaydevelopschoolphobia,andphobiascanalsodevelopinresponsetoanunrecognizedlearningdisability,andpoorself-image.—Heorshemaybecomephysicallyillwhenorderedtoschool,orpretendtobesicktoavoidgoing.Whenthechildarrivesatschool,heorshemayrunaway,ordevelopbehavioralproblemsinclass.Whenschoolisdiscussed,thechildcanbecomeimpatient,upsetorangry.Manytechniquescanbeusedtomanageschoolphobia.Butresearchsuggeststhatmuchmoreeffectivetreatmentisrequiredforschoolphobiatopreventproblemsdevelopinginlaterlife.Childrenwiththisconditionusuallybenefitfromseeingapsychologistordoctor.—3—Assoonasaschoolphobiaisidentified,parentsshouldtakeactiontoo.Likeotherphobias,schoolphobiagetsworseifitisleftuntreated,anditcanpreventthechildfromsucceedinginschool.—4—Ifbullyingisacause,forexample,thebullyingsituationshouldbesolved.Ateachercanmeetthechildatthedoorandtakehimorhertoclass,andprovidesupportsothatthechildfeelsafriendlyadultisalwaysavailable.Changesathomecanincludesupportivelanguagefromparents,alongwithsupportlikeassistancewithhomework.Ifachildlacksconfidence,parentsmayencouragethechildtotakeupnewhobbies.—5—Parentsmightalsotalktotheirchildrenabouttheirownfearsofschoolandhowtheygotoverthem,andtheirownenjoymentofschoolandschool-likeactivities.Itwillhelpchildrentofeelgoodaboutthemselves.Butachildwithphobiarefusestoacceptadults,support.Achildwithschoolphobiausuallyrefusestogotoschool.Adjustmentscanbemadeathomeandintheclassroomtohelp.Thiscommonphobiaisassociatedwithawidevarietyofcauses.Themosteffectivetreatmentistohelpthechildhaveasenseofsuccess.G.Andtheassistancecanhelpparentsandschoolofficialssupportthechild.ThePleasingSoundofaRainstickArainstickisalongtubethatiscarvedout,withsmallsticksorothermaterialspushedinsidesothatithasasomewhatsmoothsurfaceontheoutside,butsmallbarriersinside.Thesecanbeinalinedpattern,foraspecificsound,orplacedatrandomforamorevariedeffect.Itisthenfilledwithavarietyofdifferentthings,likesmallstones,orbeads（珠子）,orevenrice,andtheendsarecappedtoprovideaseal.—1Theoriginsofrainsticksarenotreallyknownandsothestoriesarequitevaried.SomepeoplesaythattheancientpeoplesofChilecreatedrainsticksfromdriedcactus（仙人掌），withthesharppointstakenoff,pushedbackinsideandthenfilledwithsmallstones.—2TheDeaguitaIndianssurviveeventoday,andtheyarestillusingtheminmanyoftheirrainceremonies.Theyalsomakethemasmusicalinstruments.Turningthestickoverquicklywillproduceahighersound,whileturningitslowlywillproduceadeepereffect.Howlongtheeffectlastsdependsonhowlongtheinstrumentis.Thetubealsoaffectsthequalityoftherainsoundaswell.Ifyoumakethemfromsomekindofabsorbentmaterial,likecactusorbamboo,youwillhearitbetterthanifyouweretomakeitfromcardboardtubing.Arainstickcanbemadefromalmostanykindofmaterialandthetypesofthingsthatyoucanuseasfillingscanbeevenmorevaried.—4Usually,theseschoolprojectsaremadeusingacardboardtube,likethecenterfromarolloftoiletpaperorapapertoweltube.Toothpicksaretheninserted,withtheexposedendscutoffandgluedinplace.5Youcanevenmakeyourownrainsticks,andtheyareoftenpartofschoolprojectswheretheyareusedtohelpchildrenlearnthehistoryofIndianpeoples.Whenturnedupsidedown,thesematerialsfalldownthroughthetube,bouncingoffofthebarrierstoproduceacalmingrain-likesound.Thesewerethencappedwithpiecesofwoodontheendsandusedinceremoniestobringraintotheircrops.Oneendiscappedoffwithposterboardandfilledwithriceorbeans,andthentheotherendissealed.Youcangetdifferentrainsounds,dependingonhowfastyouturntherainstickitself.Thisrainstickcanneverbeopenedaccordingtothescaredwritingsoftheancients.Theycanbethreefeetorlongerdependingonwhatthetubeitselfismadefrom.TipsonYoungAdultLifeAsyougrowrapidlythroughyourteenageyears,youwillexperiencealotofchanges.Thechangesmayseemdifficult.1Don,tpanic!Youwilldealsuccessfullywiththem!Youareayoungadultnow!Withmoreresponsibility,youwillfindmorefreedomtomakeyourownchoices.Thisisatimetobewellinformedaboutmakingchoices.Inthiswayyoucanmakehealthybalanceddecisions.2Youmayalreadyknowyourcareerpathoryoumayhavenoideaatallwhatyouwanttodo.Bothsituationsarefine!Workhardandtherightopportunitywillpresentitselftoyou.Youngadulthoodmeansgreaterfreedomandmorechoices.3Buttrynottoshutyourfamilyoutofyourlife.Youschoollearntothinkofotherseventhoughyouareoldenoughtolookafteryourself.Itisalsoperfectlynaturalatthistimeforyoutospendmoretimewithyourfriendsthanyourfamily4Atruefriendwillstandbyyounomatterwhathappens.Thisperiodisapartofthelifecycle.Therearesomepeoplewhowillbewithyouthroughoutlife,sjourney.Therewillbesomepeoplewithwhomyoupartandgoseparateways.Leavingschoolcanbehard.Therealityisthatyoumaynotevenseeallofyourclassmatesagain.Youareayoungadult.Itisyourlife.Noonecanliveitforyou.5Somakingtherightchoiceswillbeimportanttoyou.Lifeisforliving.Enjoyyourlifewisely!Chooseyourfriendswisely.Theywillhelpshapethefuture.Theymayseemtohappenquickly.Youwillprobablywanttobeindependent.E．Youmayappreciatewhatyouhaveinyourownlife.F．Thechoicesthatyoumakefromnowonwillbeyourchoices.G．Yourfamilyhasbeenwithyousinceyoucameintothisworld.TheFirstAmericansTherewasatimelongagowhenalandbridgeconnectedAsiaandNorthAmerica.ThefirstsettlersinNorthAmericacrossedthislandbridgefromwhatisnowSiberiatoAlaska.Thepeoplewhomadethisinitialcrossingwereprobablyfollowingtheanimalstheyusedforfood.Eventually,theoceansroseandthelandbridgebetweenthecontinentsdisappeared.Thesettlers,whoIshallcallthe“FirstAmericans”,couldnotreturntotheirhomeland.1Forthenextfewthousandyears,theFirstAmericansmigratedsouthandeastthroughoutNorthandSouthAmerica.TheymadethejourneyallthewayfromAlaskatothesoutherntipofSouthAmerica,adistanceofmorethan10,000miles.2Inthefarnorth,abovetheArcticCircle,theFirstAmericansbecamehuntersoftheocean.3Inthebriefsummer,theygatheredberriesandotherplants.Inthewinter,theystayedinlodgesmuchofthetimepreparingforthenextsummer.Itwasahardlife,buttheylearnedtosurviveintheseharshconditions.Farthersouth,inwhatisnowArizona,Utah,Colorado,andNewMexico,theFirstAmericansbecamecliffdwellers（懸崖居民）.Theybeganbylivingincavesthatalreadyexistedinthecliffs.4Thedwellingstheyconstructedinmanywaysresembledtoday,sapartmentbuildings.5Theybuiltasystemofdamsandcanalssotheycouldstoreandusewateralmostanytimeoftheyear.Theyweresosuccessfulthattheycouldraisefruitsandvegetablesthatwerenotfoundnaturallyinthedesert.InMexicoandSouthAmerica,theFirstAmericansfoundedcivilizationsthatwereamongthegreatestintheworld.Theybuilthugepyramids,livedinfabulouscities,andmadegreatadvancesinscienceandmathematicslongbeforetheEuropeansarrived.Theyalsodiscoveredfoodslikecornandpotatoes.Alongtheway,theyestablishedmanydifferentcivilizations.TheFirstAmericansoftheSouthwestlearnedtoirrigatethedesert.TheywouldhavetosurviveintheNewWorldtheyhaddiscovered.Theybuiltboatsofanimalskinsandhuntedorfishedfortheirfood.Peoplelivingneareachothertendedtosharesimilarenvironmentsandcustoms.G.Theydiscoveredhowtoaddtothecavesbybuildingstructuresofwoodandstone.PublicSpeakingandCriticalThinkingWhatiscriticalthinking?Toacertaindegree,it’samatteroflogic—ofbeingabletospotweaknessinotherpeople’sargumentsandtoavoidtheminyourown.Italsoincludesrelatedskillssuchasdistinguishingfactfromopinionandassessingthesoundnessofevidence.Inthebroadsense,criticalthinkingisfocused,organizedthinking—theabilitytoseeclearlytherelationshipsamongideas.1Thegreatestthinkers,scientistsandinventorshaveoftentakeninformationthatwasreadilyavailableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducenewideas.That,too,iscriticalthinking.2Astheclassgoeson,forexample,youwillprobablyspendagreatdealoftimeorganizingyourspeeches.Whilethismayseemlikeapurelymechanical（機(jī)械的）exercise,itiscloselyconnectedwithcriticalthinking.Ifthestructureofyourspeechislooseandconfused,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodisorderedandconfused.If,ontheotherhand,thestructureisclear,thereisgoodchanceyourthinkingistoo.Organizingaspeechisnotjustamatterofarrangingtheideasyoualreadyhave.—3Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpublicspeaking.4Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwillimproveyourabilitytothinkclearlyandaccurately.5Asyoulearntolistencriticallytospeechesinclass,youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyofsituations.Ifyoutakefulladvantageofyourspeechclass,youwillbeabletodevelopyourskillsasacriticalthinkerinmanycircumstances.ThisisonereasonpublicspeakinghasbeenregardedasavitalpartofeducationsincethedaysofancientGreece.Rather,itisanimportantpartofshapingtheideasthemselves.Thismayseemlikealotoftime,buttherewardsarewellworthit.Itmayalsohelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.Ithasoftenbeensaidthattherearefewnewideasintheworld,onlyreorganizedideas.Ifyouarewonderingwhatthishastodowithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclassca