英語倒裝句語法

Unit4

Inversion第一頁，共35頁。1在英語中，主語和謂語的語序通常是主語在前，謂語在后。但有時(shí)為了語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要，或者是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，謂語的全部或一局部卻提到主語前面，這種語序叫做(jiàozuò)倒裝。倒裝可分為:a.全部倒裝b.局部倒裝倒裝(dǎozhuānɡ)(Inversion):第二頁，共35頁。2２、局部謂語〔情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞〕在前，謂語的主體(zhǔtǐ)局部仍在主語之后的句子，叫局部倒裝句。Onlythendidherealizethathewaswrong.英語倒裝句分為兩種：１、整個(gè)謂語在前的句子(jùzi)，叫完全倒裝。Herecomesthecar.第三頁，共35頁。3Inversion(倒裝句)①假設(shè)有主從句，哪句倒裝(dǎozhuānɡ)。②局部倒裝(dǎozhuānɡ)還是完全倒裝(dǎozhuānɡ)。第四頁，共35頁。4A.完全(wánquán)倒裝Therebe+主語(zhǔyǔ)Therelivedanoldmaninthemountain.TherestoodanoldtreefrontofthehouseTherestillexistsomeproblems1.第五頁，共35頁。52.here/there/now/then+vi.+主語(zhǔyǔ)out/in/up/down/away在句首，表強(qiáng)調(diào)eg:1.Herecomesthebus.

Theregoesthebell.

Nowcomesyourturn.

Outwentthechildren.注：代詞(dàicí)做主語時(shí)，主謂語序不變Hereyouare.Hereitis.Inhecomes.副詞(fùcí)+動(dòng)詞+主語

副詞+代詞+動(dòng)詞第六頁，共35頁。63.句首狀語(zhuàngyǔ)為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組。eg:Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.

Southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.介詞短語+謂語(wèiyǔ)+主語謂語(wèiyǔ)通常是be,stand,sit,lie等動(dòng)詞。4.直接引語的全部或一局部在句首時(shí)?！癉oyouthinkmyclothesfitwell?〞askedtheemperor.

"Mrsmith"saidMary,“MayIborrowyourpen?"注意：主語是代詞時(shí)，不用倒裝?！癢hereareyougoing?〞heasked.第七頁，共35頁。75.表語(biǎoyǔ)置于句首。形容詞+系動(dòng)詞(dòngcí)+主語PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhiteandmanyotherguests.2)過去分詞+系動(dòng)詞(dòngcí)+主語Gonearethedays.3)介詞短語+be+主語

Amongthegoods

areChristmastrees,flowersandtoys.第八頁，共35頁。86.為了保持句子平衡或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語或狀語(zhuàngyǔ)，為了使上下文緊密銜接。a.InsidethePyramids

aretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueens.b.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhich

satasmallboy.第九頁，共35頁。9B.局部(júbù)倒裝用于疑問句

Doyouunderstandit?2.用于省略(shěnglüè)if的虛擬語氣條件狀語從句。Hadyoureceivedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexam.WereItodothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway.ShouldIbefreetomorrow,Icouldgowithyou.第十頁，共35頁。103.adj./n./v.+as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(zhuàngyǔ)從句Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.=Thoughsheispretty,sheisnotclever.Childashewas,hehadtomakealiving.=Thoughhewasachild,hehadtomakealiving.4.So,Nor,Neither開頭的句子，表示重復(fù)前句局部內(nèi)容(nèiróng)，謂語時(shí)態(tài)，形式與前句一致。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Petercan’tanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.so/nor/neither+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)(qíngtài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞+主語單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作表語提前不用冠詞第十一頁，共35頁。11當(dāng)前面的句子中主語(zhǔyǔ)、謂語或肯否認(rèn)形式不同時(shí)，那么用soitiswith….句型來表示。Tomlikessinging,buthedoesn’tlikedancing.SoitiswithMary.Tomiscleverandhestudieshard.SoitiswithMary.如果(rúguǒ)后一個(gè)句子只是單純的重復(fù)前面句子的意思，那么不倒裝。“Itishottoday.〞“Soitis.〞“Hefinisheditontime.〞“Sohedid.〞第十二頁，共35頁。125.用于nosooner…than;hardly…when〔只倒主句，主句一般用過去完成時(shí)而從句(cónɡjù)用過去時(shí)?！?notuntil〔只倒主句〕句型中。

Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhiswork.Nosooner

hadshegoneout

thanthetelephonerang.Hardly

hadIsatwhen

hesteppedin.第十三頁，共35頁。136.never,hardly,seldom,scarcely(幾乎(jīhū)不),barely,little,often,atnotime,notonly〔只倒前面〕等詞放在句首。Little

didheknowwhothewomanwas.Never

shallIdothisagain.Notonly

isbettereducationimportantforimprovingourselvesbutalsoitisimportantfordevelopingoursociety.但是當(dāng)連接主語(zhǔyǔ)時(shí)不倒裝NotonlyhebutalsoIhavekeptthesecret.第十四頁，共35頁。147.用于only開頭的句子；(修飾副詞，介詞短語或狀語從句〕,主句(zhǔjù)要倒裝。Only

thisafternoon

didIfinishthenovel.Only

inthisway

canyoumasterEnglish.Only

whenhetoldme

didIrealizewhattroublehewasin.注：only修飾(xiūshì)主語時(shí)，不倒裝.Onlyhecandothiswork.第十五頁，共35頁。158.so…that/such…that中so+adj./adv或such…提前到句首時(shí)，此局部用倒裝(dǎozhuānɡ)語序.Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Insuchahurrydidheleavethatheforgettolockthedoor.9.在以often,always,once,manyatime,nowandthen,everyotherday,等作狀語的頻度(píndù)副詞位于句首時(shí)。OftendidIspeakofhimbefore.Manyatimehashehelpedmewithmyexperiment.第十六頁，共35頁。16Lookatthefollowingsentences

1.Wewillnotbeabletoimprovethesituationuntilweknowmore.

-Notuntil

we

know

more

willwe

be

able

to

improve

the

situation.

2.China’sthenPremierZhuRongji,whostressedtheneedforequalityandfairnessintheworldwasamongthespeakers.-Amongthespeakerswas

China’s

then

PremierZhuRongji,whostressedtheneedforequalityandfairnessintheworld.第十七頁，共35頁。173.Wewon’thaveenoughdrinkingwateruntilwestoppollutingourlakesandrivers.4.Sustainabledevelopmentcanbepossibleonlywithinternationalcooperation.

5.Weseldomthinkofthesmallchangesthatwecandotomakeabigdifference.

-Notuntil

westoppollutingourlakesandriverswillwehaveenoughdrinkingwater.

-Onlywithinternationalcooperation

cansustainabledevelopment

bepossible.

-Seldom

dowe

thinkofthesmallchangesthatwecandotomakeabigdifference.

第十八頁，共35頁。186.Wecansavetheearthonlybychangingthewaywelive.Onlybychangingthewaywelive

canwe

savetheearth.7.TheEarthSummitisnotonlyaplacetotalkaboutproblems,butalsoaplacetofindsolutionsforthefuture.

NotonlyistheEarthSummitaplacetotalkaboutproblems,butalsoaplacetofindsolutionsforthefuture.第十九頁，共35頁。19

強(qiáng)化練習(xí)

1._____theplane.A.Downflying B.DownwasflyingC.Downflew D.Flewdown2.Underabigtree____,halfasleep.A.didsatafatman B.afatmansatC.didafatmansat D.satafatmanCD第二十頁，共35頁。203.Sheplaysthepianoverywell._________.A.SoeveryoneofusdoesB.EveryoneofusdoesC.SodoeseveryoneofusD.Sodoeveryoneofus4.Never_____suchawonderfulplaceasHangzhou.A.arehanging B.hadIseenC.Ihaveseen D.haveIseen

CD第二十一頁，共35頁。215.Notonly____apromise,butalsohekeptit.A.hashemade B.doeshemakeC.hemade D.didhemake6.Notuntilhegotoffthebus_____thathehadgothiswalletstolen.A.hefoundB.didhefindC.hehadfoundD.hadhefound7.Onlyinthisway_____progressinyourEnglish.A.youmake B.canyoumakeC.youbeabletomakeD.willyouabletomakeDBB第二十二頁，共35頁。228._____andcaughtthemouse.A.Upthecatjumped B.ThecatupjumpedC.Upjumpedthecat D.Jumpedupthecat9.------Whereisyourfather?-------Oh,_______.A.herehecomesB.heherecomesC.heredoeshecomeD.herecomesheCA第二十三頁，共35頁。2310.____inwhichtheyhadcametotheisland.A.NearbyweretwocanoesB.NearbytwocanoeswereC.WeretwocanoesnearbyD.Twocanoesnearbywere11.Thedooropenedandthere____.A.entersanoldmanB.enteredanoldmanC.didanoldmanenter D.anoldmanenteredAB第二十四頁，共35頁。2412.Little___whenItookthetripand___didmybrother.A.haveIknown;soB.hadIknow;neitherC.doIknow;soD.didIknow;neither13.Wasitnot___youarrivedathishouse__youdiscoveredthathewasonholiday?when;thatB.until;didC.until;thatD.when;didDC第二十五頁，共35頁。2514.Manyatime__toseemewhile__inhospital.A.didhecome;wasIB.didhecome;IwasC.hecame;wasID.hewas;Iwas15.Nowandthen___uptoseewhathappened.A.didhewakeB.hewakeC.hewakesD.hedidwake16.Sheisnotfondofcooking,____I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherdoID.nordo17.Earlyinthemorning__thenews____theChineseTeamdefeatedtheJapaneseTeam.Acomes;whatB.came;thatCcomes;thatDcame;whatBABB第二十六頁，共35頁。2618.Atthefootofthemountain_____.A.lieabeautifullakeB.doesabeautifullakelieC.liesabeautifullakeD.doabeautifullakelie19.Atnotime___hispersonalinterestfirst.A.shouldacommunistplaceB.acommunistshouldplaceC.acommunistplaceD.doesacommunistplaceCA第二十七頁，共35頁。2720.Onthewall______twolargeportraits.A.arehangingB.hangedC.hangD.hangs21.Notonce______theirplan.A.didtheychangeB.theychangedC.changedtheyD.theydidchanged

22.

IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinmylife____sohappy!(NMET2000春季(chūnjì))A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfeltCAD第二十八頁，共35頁。2823.

Little___abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.(上海1994)A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecaresD.hecared24.

Notonly______pollutedbut______crowded.(上海1991)A.wasthecity;werethestreetsB.thecitywas;werethestreetsC.wasthecity;thestreetswereD.thecitywas;thestreetswereBC第二十九頁，共35頁。2925.______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.(上海1995)A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot26.So______thatnofishcanliveinit.(上海1992)A.thelakeisshallowB.shallowthelakeisC.shallowisthelakeD.isthelakeshallow27.Notasinglesong____atyesterday’sparty.(上海2000)A.shesangB.sangsheC.didshesingCCC第三十頁，共35頁。3028.Hardly_______whenitbegantorain.A.hadhearrivedB.arrivedheC.hehadarrivedD.didhearrive29.Mr.Smithpromisedtohelpmeand____thenextday.A.neitherhedidB.sohedidC.neitherdidheD.sodidheAB30.Notuntilthebellrang____in.A.dotheycomeB.cametheyC.didtheycomeD.theycameC第三十一頁，共35頁。3131.Onlyinthisway______thisMathsproblem.A.youcanworkout B.canyouworkoutC.youwillbeabletoworkD.