Unit+2+Grammar+and+usage Integrated+skills 高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

Unit2grammarandusage&Integratedskills英漢互譯(Page20)PassivevoiceinthepastcontinuousandpastperfecttensesAExploringtherulesNicolewroteablogpostaboutthecityhalf-marathonshetookpartin.Findthesentencesthatusethepassivevoiceinthepastcontinuousandpastperfecttensesandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.MyheartwasbeatingrapidlyinmychestasIfoundashadyplacetorestmytiredbody.Mycheekswerered,andIcouldhearmyselfbreathingheavilyasIlookedupatthebluesky.Whenmybreathingreturnedtonormal,Ireflectedonwhathadjustbeenachieved.Sixweeksago,myfriendstoldmethatacityhalf-marathonforamateurswasbeingorganizedtohelpraisemoneyforcharity,andencouragedmetotakepart.Despitemylackofrunningexperience,Iagreed.Inordernottohurtmykneesorankles,Istartedmytrainingverygentlybyrunningjustonekilometreonthefirstday.Overthenextsixweeks,IgraduallyincreasedthedistanceIranineachtrainingsessionandalsomadesuretoallowmybodyenoughtimetorestandrecoveraftereachrun.SoonI

wasrunningdistancesIhadneverthoughtpossible.Thedayofthehalf-marathonfinallyarrivedandI

feltwellprepared.I

ateaheartybreakfastsoIknewIcouldgetthroughtotheend.I

ranmyracerelaxedandconfident,eventhoughmylimitswerebeingtestedlikeneverbefore.Iwashappytolearnthatalotofmoneyhadbeenraisedforcharity.Ifeltreallyproudofmyself,andmyfriendsandIagreedtoruninthenextcitymarathon!當(dāng)我找到一個(gè)陰涼的地方休息我疲憊的身體時(shí)，我的心在我的胸膛里狂跳。我的臉頰通紅，抬頭望著藍(lán)天，我能聽到自己沉重的呼吸。當(dāng)我的呼吸恢復(fù)正常時(shí)，我回想起剛剛?cè)〉玫某删汀Ａ芮?，我的朋友告訴我，為了籌集慈善資金，正在為業(yè)余愛好者組織一場(chǎng)城市半程馬拉松，并鼓勵(lì)我參加。盡管我缺乏跑步經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我還是同意了。為了不傷到膝蓋和腳踝，我開始訓(xùn)練時(shí)非常溫和，第一天只跑了一公里。在接下來的六個(gè)星期里，我逐漸增加了每次訓(xùn)練的距離，也確保每次跑步后讓我的身體有足夠的時(shí)間休息和恢復(fù)。很快我就跑出了我從未想過的距離。半程馬拉松比賽的日子終于到了，我覺得自己準(zhǔn)備得很充分。我吃了一頓豐盛的早餐，所以我知道我能堅(jiān)持到最后。我輕松而自信地跑完比賽，盡管我的極限受到了前所未有的考驗(yàn)。得知為慈善事業(yè)籌集了很多錢，我很高興。我真的為自己感到驕傲，我和我的朋友們同意參加下一屆城市馬拉松!(Page21)B2Jessicagaveanaccountofherexperienceasavolunteerforthecityhalf-marathon.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsintheboxbelow.BythetimeCathyandI,togetherwithothervolunteersforthecityhalf-marathon,arrivedat4:30a.m.,tables(1)

hadbeenplacedonbothsidesoftheroad.Bottlesofwaterandpapercups(2)

werebeingcarriedtodifferenttables,soCathyand

Iimmediatelywenttohelp.Then,wetookourplaceatthetableandquicklystartedtoarrangethebottlesandcupssothattheylookedlikeanarmyofsoldiersstandinginlineforinspection.Itookastepback,andlookedatthescenewithsatisfaction.Forthepreviouscoupleofweeks,I(3)

had(been)trainedonhowtobeavolunteerforthehalf-marathon.Idecidedtovolunteerforthisyear’shalf-marathonafterthechairmanoftheorganizingcommitteevisitedmyschool.Weweretoldthatthecompetitorswouldberaisingmoneyforcharity,andwhileIdidn’tfeelthatI

hadastrongconstitutiontorunthatfar,Ithoughtthenextbestthingwouldbetohelpthosewhocould.Afterallthepreparations(4)

hadbeenmade/weremade,theexcitinghalf-marathonbegan.CathyandIwaitedpatientlyuntilwordspreadthatthefirstrunnerswouldbearrivingsoon.Asthetired,thirstyrunnersranalong,they(5)

werebeingcheeredbythecrowds.CathyandIquicklypouredwaterintothecupsforthem.Afterthelastrunnerpassed,Ifoundpapercupsandplasticbottleseverywhere.Thelitter(6)

wasbeingblownaroundbythewindasIbentovertopickupaplasticbottle.CathyandIstartedclearingup.Weweretiredandwetwithsweatbutitfeltreallygoodtoknowthatwehadbeenabletohelpothers.凌晨4:30，凱西、我和其他參加城市半程馬拉松的志愿者到達(dá)時(shí)，桌子已經(jīng)在路的兩邊擺好了。瓶裝水和紙杯被送到不同的桌子上，所以凱茜和我馬上去幫忙。然后，我們?cè)谧雷优宰?，迅速地開始整理瓶子和杯子，使它們看起來像一群排隊(duì)等待檢查的士兵。我后退了一步，滿意地看著眼前的情景。在過去的幾個(gè)星期里，我一直在學(xué)習(xí)如何成為一名半程馬拉松的志愿者。今年的半程馬拉松是在組委會(huì)主席訪問我們學(xué)校之后，我決定志愿參加的。我們被告知，參賽選手將為慈善事業(yè)籌集資金，雖然我覺得我的身體不夠強(qiáng)壯，跑不了那么遠(yuǎn)，但我認(rèn)為最好的辦法就是幫助那些有能力的人。一切準(zhǔn)備工作就緒后，激動(dòng)人心的半程馬拉松開始了。凱西和我耐心地等待著，直到第一批選手很快就會(huì)到達(dá)的消息傳開。當(dāng)這些又累又渴的跑步者跑著的時(shí)候，他們受到了人群的歡呼。凱茜和我迅速把水倒進(jìn)杯子里給他們。最后一個(gè)跑者過去后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)到處都是紙杯和塑料瓶。當(dāng)我彎腰撿起一個(gè)塑料瓶時(shí)，垃圾被風(fēng)吹得四處亂飛。凱西和我開始打掃衛(wèi)生。我們很累，滿身是汗，但知道我們能夠幫助別人，感覺真的很好(Page23)IntegratedskillsSharingyourunderstandingofsportsmanshipBDanielhasfoundawebsitearticleaboutfairplay.Readthearticlebelowandanswerthefollowingquestions.Winningisn’teverythingWeallknowwhatitisliketowanttowinandmostofusknowwhatitisliketolose.Moreoftenthannot,winninghasthevictorwalkingonair,lostinthegloryofthemoment,whiletheloserisleftwithabittertasteandafeelingoffailure.Almostnobodylikestocomesecond,andsometimesitisdifficulttokeepeverythinginperspective.Modernsocietyhonourswinnersandsuccessfulsportspeoplequicklybecomecelebrities,admiredbyall.However,therearewaystowinandwaystolose.Whetheryoucomefirstorlast,itisimportanttorememberthatatanysportingevent,youfacetwoopponents:yourfellowcompetitorsandyourself.Atthefinish,yourcompetitorswillwalkawaybutyouwillhavetolivewithyourdecisions.Atruesportspersonwillmaketherightdecisionsfortherightreasonsandnotworryaboutfailure.Thereisanoldandverywisesaying,repeatedmanytimes,“Winwithhumility,losewithgrace,anddobothwithdignity.”獲勝并非一切我們都知道想要贏是什么感覺，我們大多數(shù)人都知道失敗是什么感覺。通常情況下，勝利讓勝利者飄飄然，沉浸在那一刻的榮耀中，而失敗者則留下苦澀的味道和失敗的感覺。幾乎沒有人喜歡屈居第二，有時(shí)很難正確看待每件事。現(xiàn)代社會(huì)尊重獲勝者，成功的運(yùn)動(dòng)員很快成為名人，受到所有人的欽佩。然而，有贏的方法也有輸?shù)姆椒āo論你是第一名還是最后一名，重要的是要記住，在任何體育賽事中，你都面臨著兩個(gè)對(duì)手:你的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手和你自己。在終點(diǎn)，你的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手會(huì)走開，但你必須為自己的決定承擔(dān)后果。一個(gè)真正的運(yùn)動(dòng)員會(huì)因?yàn)檎_的理由做出正確的決定，而不擔(dān)心失敗。有一句古老而睿智的諺語，被重復(fù)了很多次:“贏要謙虛，輸要優(yōu)雅，兩者都要有尊嚴(yán)?！盜npraiseofsuchactsofsportsmanship,theInternationalFairPlayCommitteedecidedtoawardthePierredeCoubertinFairPlayTrophy,in1964.ThefirstathletetoreceivetheawardwasanItalianbobsleighcompetitornamedEugenioMonti.Duringthetwo-manbobsleighfinalatthe1964WinterOlympicGames,heproducedanexcellenttimeforhisdownhillrun.OneoftheBritishcompetitors,TonyNash,hadbrokenapartofhisbobsleighandwasu