2014年雅思閱讀模擬試題及答案解析

SellingDigitalMusicwithoutCopy-protectionMakesSenseA.Itwasuncharacteristicallylow-keyfortheindustry’sgreatestshowman.ButtheessaypublishedthisweekbySteveJobs，thebossofApple，onhisfirm’swebsiteundertheunassumingtitle“ThoughtsonMusic”hasnonethelessprovokedavigorousdebateaboutthefutureofdigitalmusic，whichAppledominateswithitsiPodmusic-playerandiTunesmusic-store.Atissueis“digitalrightsmanagement”(DRM)—thetechnologyguardingdownloadedmusicagainsttheft.SincethereisnocommonstandardforDRM，italsohastheside-effectthatsongspurchasedforonetypeofmusic-playermaynotworkonanother.Apple’sDRMsystem，calledFairPlay，isthemostwidespread.SoitcameasasurprisewhenMr.JobscalledforDRMfordigitalmusictobeabolished.B.ThisisachangeoftackforApple.IthascomeunderfirefromEuropeanregulatorswhoclaimthatitsrefusaltolicenseFairPlaytootherfirmshas“l(fā)ockedin”customers.SincemusicfromtheiTunesstorecannotbeplayedonnon-iPodmusic-players(atleastnotwithoutalotoffiddling)，anyiTunesbuyerwillbedeterredfromswitchingtoadevicemadebyarivalfirm，suchasSonyorMicrosoft.WhenFrenchlawmakersdraftedabilllastyearcompellingAppletoopenupFairPlaytorivals，thecompanywarnedof“state-sponsoredpiracy”.OnlyDRM，itimplied，couldkeepthepiratesatbay.C.ThisweekMr.JobsgaveanotherexplanationforhisformerdefenceofDRM：therecordcompaniesmadehimdoit.TheywouldmaketheirmusicavailabletotheiTunesstoreonlyifAppleagreedtoprotectitusingDRM.TheycanstillwithdrawtheircataloguesiftheDRMsystemiscompromised.ApplecannotlicenseFairPlaytoothers，saysMrJobs，becauseitwoulddependonthemtoproducesecurityfixespromptly.AllDRMdoesisrestrictconsumerchoiceandprovideabarriertoentry，saysMrJobs；withoutittherewouldbefarmorestoresandplayers，andfarmoreinnovation.So，hesuggests，whynotdoawaywithDRMandsellmusicunprotected？“Thisisclearlythebestalternativeforconsumers，”hedeclares，“andApplewouldembraceitinaheartbeat.”D.Whythesuddenchangeofheart？MrJobsseemschieflyconcernedwithgettingEurope’sregulatorsoffhisback.RatherthancomplainingtoAppleaboutitsuseofDRM，hesuggests，“thoseunhappywiththecurrentsituationshouldredirecttheirenergiestowardspersuadingthemusiccompaniestoselltheirmusicDRM-free.”Twoandahalfofthefourbigrecordcompanies，hehelpfullypointsout，areEuropean-owned.MrJobsalsohopestopainthimselfasaconsumerchampion.AppleresentsaccusationsthatithasbecometheMicrosoftofdigitalmusic.E.Applecanaffordtoembraceopencompetitioninmusicplayersandonlinestores.Consumerswouldgravitatetothebestplayerandthebeststore，andatthemomentthatstillmeansApple’s.MrJobsisevidentlyunfazedbyrivalstotheiPod.Sinceonly3%ofthemusicinatypicaliTuneslibraryisprotected，mostofitcanalreadybeusedonotherplayerstoday，henotes.(AndeventheprotectedtrackscanbeburnedontoaCDandthenre-ripped.)SoApple’sdominanceevidentlydependsfarmoreonbrandingandeaseofusethanDRM-related“l(fā)ockin”.F.ThemusicgiantsaretryingDRM-freedownloads.Lotsofsmallerlabelsalreadysellmusicthatway.Havingseenwhichwaythewindisblowing，MrJobsnowwantstobeseennotasDRM’sdefender，butasaconsumerchampionwhohelpedinitsdownfall.Wouldn’titleadtoasurgeinpiracy？No，becausemostmusicisstillsoldunprotectedonCDs，peoplewishingtostealmusicalreadycandoso.Indeed，scrappingDRMwouldprobablyincreaseonline-musicsalesbyreducingconfusionandincompatibility.Withtheleadingonlinestore，Applewouldbenefitmost.MrJobs’sargument，inshort，istransparentlyself-serving.Italsohappenstoberight.Questions1-7DothefollowingstatemetsreflecttheclaimsofthewriterinReadingPassage1？WriteyouranswerinBoxes1-7onyouranswersheet.TRUEifthestatementrefletstheclaimsofthewriterFALSEifthestatementcontradictstheclaimsofthewriterNotestoReadingPassage11.low-key：抑制的，受約束的，屈服的2.showman：開展覽會的人，出風(fēng)頭的人物3.unassuming：謙遜的，不夸耀的，不裝腔作勢的4.iPod：(蘋果公司出產(chǎn)的)音樂播放器5.iTunesstore：(蘋果公司出產(chǎn)的)在線音樂商店6.getoffperson'sback：不再找某人的麻煩，擺脫某人的糾纏7.gravitate：受吸引，傾向于8.unfazed：不再擔(dān)憂，不被打擾KeysandexplanationstotheQuestions1-131.TRUESeethesecondsentenceinParagraphA“…thefutureofdigitalmusic，whichAppledominateswithitsiPodmusic-playerandiTunesmusic-store.”2.FALSESeethethirdsentenceinParagraphA“…Atissueis“digitalrightsmanagement”(DRM)—thetechnologyguardingdownloadedmusicagainsttheft.”3.TRUESeethefourthsentenceinParagraphA“SincethereisnocommonstandardforDRM，italsohastheside-effectthatsongspurchasedforonetypeofmusic-playermaynotworkonanother.”4.TRUESeethesecondsentenceinParagraphB“IthascomeunderfirefromEuropeanregulatorswhoclaimthatitsrefusaltolicenseFairPlaytootherfirmshas“l(fā)ockedin”customers.”5.NOTGIVENThethirdsentenceinParagaphBonlymentionsmusicfromtheiTunesstore，nothingaboutthatofSonyorMicrosoft.“SincemusicfromtheiTunesstorecannotbeplayedonnon-iPodmusic-players(atleastnotwithoutalotoffiddling).”6.FALSESeethelastsentenceinParagraphE“SoApple’sdominanceevidentlydependsfarmoreonbrandingandeaseofusethanDRM-related“l(fā)ockin”.7.NOTGIVENSeethefourthsentenceinParagraphFonlymentionsmusicgenerally，noparticularinformationaboutbusinessprospectofSony“Indeed，scrappingDRMwouldprobablyincreaseonline-musicsalesbyreducingconfusionandincompatibility.”8.BSeethefourthsentenceofParagraphC“AllDRMdoesisrestrictconsumerchoiceandprovideabarriertoentry，saysMrJobs；withoutittherewouldbefarmorestoresandplayers，andfarmoreinnovation.”9.CSeethethirdsentenceofParagraphEandthecontext“MrJobsisevidentlyunfazedbyrivalstotheiPod.Sinceonly3%ofthemusicinatypicaliTuneslibraryisprotected，mostofitcanalreadybeusedonotherplayerstoday.”10.ASeethelastfoursentencesofParagraphF“Wouldn’titleadtoasurgeinpiracy？No，becausemostmusicisstillsoldunprotectedonCDs，peoplewishingtostealmusicalreadycandoso.Indeed，scrappingDRMwouldprobablyincreaseonline-musicsalesbyreducingconfusionandincompatibility.Withtheleadingonlinestore，Applewouldbenefitmost.”11.theiTunesstoreSeethesecond