Unit 5 Poems 課外拓展英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌常識(shí) 高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

Commonsenseofpoetry

Unit5PoemsTworoadsdivergedinawood,andI–Itooktheonelesstravelledby,

Andthathasmadeallthedifference.

－RobertFrost一片樹林里分出兩條路,

而我選了人跡更少的一條,

從此決定了我一生的道路?！_伯特·弗羅斯特“tworoads”inthepoemdonotmeanactualroadsinthewoods,buttwochoicesinthepoet’slife.Hefeelshehasmadeadifferentanddecisivechoice.Poem

Apieceofwritingthatexpressemotions,experience,andideas,esp.inshortlineswhichoftenrhyme[ra?m].(=endwiththesamesound)（一首）詩(shī)，詩(shī)歌Poetry

Poemsingeneral;Acollectionofpoems;Tgthem詩(shī),詩(shī)歌（總稱）;詩(shī)集;詩(shī)作Poetpersonswhowritepoems;Tgthem詩(shī)人Whatisapoem?PoetPercyByssheShelly

definedpoetryas“theexpressionofimagination.”RobertFrostsaidthatapoemformswhen“anemotionhasfounditsthoughtandthethoughthasfoundwords.”Whatisapoem?Poetryisakindofrepresentationusingrhythm,(figureof)speechandmelody.—AristotlePoetryistoprosewhatdancingistowalking.—JohnWainPaintingissilentpoetryandpoetryisaspeakingpicture.—SimonidesProseiswordsinthebestorder;poetryisthebestwordsinthebestorder.—SamuelColeridge)to

createimagesforthereaderstotellastorytoexpressfeelingstomakeotherslaughtoplaywithwords

…tocreateamoodtoexpressapointofviewtoencouragepeopletorecallanenjoyableorunpleasantincidentWhydoyouthinkpeoplewritepoems?novel（小說(shuō)）shortstorydrama（戲劇）

?Poetrytendstobeshorterthougha

poemcanbeverylong.

?Thepossibilitiesaremuchmore

openthaninprose(散文).?Poetryismoreemotional(有感染力的).?Grammar

andpunctuationareignoredorused

differently.

?Wordsare

usedinlines(詩(shī)行)andstanzas(節(jié)).whatarethecharacteristicsofpoetry?whatarethecharacteristicsofpoetry?TwinkletwinklelittlestarHowIwonderwhatyouare,UpabovetheworldsohighLikeadiamondinthesky.Twinkle

twinkle

little

starHow

I

wonder

what

you

are,Up

above

the

world

so

highLike

a

diamond

in

the

sky.Rhythm韻律TwinkletwinklelittlestarHowIwonderwhatyouare,UpabovetheworldsohighLikeadiamondinthesky.Rhyme押韻aabbPoeticdevices修辭Simile明喻Imagery意象Poetry-rhythm(韻律)Foot(音步)Afootusuallycontainsonestressedsyllableandoneortwounstressedsyllables.單音步；雙音步；三音步；四音步；五音步；六音步；七音步；八音步Metre(格律)Itreferstothearrangementofstrongandweakstressesinlinesofpoetrythatproducestherhythm抑揚(yáng)格，揚(yáng)抑格，抑抑揚(yáng)格，揚(yáng)抑抑格，揚(yáng)揚(yáng)格，抑抑格，抑揚(yáng)抑格ForthedearGodwholovethus

（揚(yáng)揚(yáng)格）（抑抑格）（抑揚(yáng)抑格）抑揚(yáng)格Asfair/artthou/mybon/nielass

Sodeep/inluve/amI揚(yáng)抑格Tyger!/Tyger!/burning/bright

Inthe/forests/ofthe/night抑抑揚(yáng)格Likeachild/fromthewomb,

Likeaghost/fromthetomb,

Iarise/andunbuild/itagain.揚(yáng)抑抑格Touchhernot/scornfully

Thinkofher/mournfullyReaditaloud!Poetry-rhyme(押韻)CVCCVC

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Alliteration

（頭韻）Assonance

（準(zhǔn)韻）Para-rhyme（側(cè)韻）Reverse-rhyme（逆韻）

Fullrhyme（完全韻）taketimetakelatetakeliketaketooktake

taletakelakeC

VCC

VC

CVCCVC

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C

CVC

C

VC

Consonance

（諧韻）CVCCVC

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Theteacheraskedforsentencesusingtheword“beans”“Myfathergrowsbeans,”saidagirl.“Mymothercooksbeans,”saidaboyThenathirdchildspokeup,“Weareallhumanbeans,”hesaid.Peoplemeetandpeoplepass___Somelaughwhilesome____Somegiveupwhilesomealways____Somesayhiwhilesomesay____Othersmayforgetyoubutnever___.bycrytrybyeIPoetry-rhyme(押韻)(1)couplet(雙行詩(shī))-iambicpentameter(五步抑揚(yáng)格)(2)terserima(三行詩(shī))-ababcbefe(3)quartrain(四行詩(shī))-abab/abcb(4)rhymeroyal(七行詩(shī))-ababbccbyChaucer(5)octaverima(八行詩(shī))--abababcc(6)SpenserianStanza(九行詩(shī))-ababbcbcc(7)Sonnet(十四行詩(shī))①Italiansonnet-abbaabbc②Shakespearesonnet-ababcdcdefefgg③Spenseriansonnet-ababbcbccdcdeeWhenmanfirstwenttolook_______Hesawaliononthe_______Theliontriedtogivea______Themanfelthappy—fora______Untilhesawthelion’s____Fullofteethandlooking____Somethinggoodandfatto____Sothemandecidedto_______Thelionwasgoingto____He’dalreadyeatenoncethat____aroundgroundsmilewhilejawforeatretreatplaydayPoetry—poeticdevicesoftenincluderhyme,rhythm,repetition,simile(明喻）,metaphor（暗喻）,imagery(意象),personification(擬人)TheClassificationofpoetryIntermsofrhythmandrhymeHeroiccouplets(英雄雙行體):押尾韻的對(duì)句，五步抑揚(yáng)格Quatrain(四行詩(shī)):每個(gè)詩(shī)節(jié)(stanza)由四行詩(shī)句組成Sonnet(十四行詩(shī))Blankverse(素體詩(shī)):五音步抑揚(yáng)格，不押韻詩(shī)體Freeverse(自由詩(shī)):