Unit+4+Discovering+Useful+Structures+定語從句關(guān)系代詞課件【高效備課精析 + 知識精講提升】高一上學(xué)期英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

Unit4GrammarJessica目錄關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況關(guān)系副詞定語從句的定義01020304/定語從句定語：用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。漢語翻譯中中常用，“......的”表示。定語的位置：前置定語和后置定語前置定語：單詞：名詞、形容詞、分詞、動名詞后置定語：短語和從句（定語從句）前置定語：名詞：womanexpert形容詞：agracefulteacher分詞：aswimmingpool、fallenleaves動名詞：amovingfilm中文有沒有后置定語？古文中有后置定語，現(xiàn)代漢語幾乎沒有。居廟堂之高則憂其民，處江湖之遠(yuǎn)則憂其君。英文：英文長句中后置定語居多。后置定語：短語和從句（定語從句）前置：Ilikehoneststudents.定語從句：Ilikethestudentswhoarehonest.定語：6.Mothermadeabirthday

cakeforme．4.Lucy's

fatherisapoor

worker．5.Webelongtothethird

world.3.My

brotherisateacher.2.Theyliveintheroomabove.1.It'sared

car．Thegirl

presentismysister.（形容詞）(副詞）（代詞）（數(shù)詞）（名詞所有格/形容詞）（名詞）定語：11.Thisisthe

book

thatIneed.10.Heisthefirststudenttocometotheschool．9.Goodhabitsformedinyouthmakeallthedifference.

8.Theswimming

boyismybrother.

7.Theman

underthetreeismyteacher．（介詞短語）（現(xiàn)在分詞）（過去分詞）（不定式）（從句）Sheistheonethat

youneverforget.見過她你便永遠(yuǎn)不能忘記。Sheistheheaven-sentangelyoumet.見過她你便知道她是天使。ShemustbethereasonwhyGod

made

a

girl.她就是上帝制造女孩的原因。Shewinseverythingthatshemightdo.只要她愿意它可以得到一切。定語從句：在英語中，我們通常用一個形容詞作定語修飾名詞或代詞，若要表達(dá)更復(fù)雜的意思，為了避免頭重腳輕，則需要借助一個句子來修飾名詞。這個被修飾的名詞/代詞因?yàn)榭傇诙ㄕZ從句前面，所以被稱為先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞，就被稱為關(guān)系詞。定語從句三個重要概念：1.先行詞：被定語從句所修飾或限制的對象。2.關(guān)系詞：連接主從句，在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分（替代先行詞）。3.定語從句。

Everything

that

wesawinthisfilmwastrue.兩個簡單句：Amanisstandingthere.Themanismybrother.合并：Theman

whoisstandingthereismybrother.先行詞關(guān)系詞+定語從句在復(fù)合句中，修飾主句中的名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。定語從句的構(gòu)成關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who,whom,which,that,whose起著代詞和連詞的作用，在從句中充當(dāng)主語，賓語或定語when,where,why起著副詞或介詞短語和連詞的作用，在從句中充當(dāng)狀語Theman(whoisstandingthere)ismybrother.關(guān)系詞的作用：①代替前面的先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分②把兩個句子連接起來構(gòu)成一個復(fù)合句關(guān)系詞如何改寫成定語從句？①找出兩個簡單句的共有成分；②將從句中的共有成分去掉；③用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)剩下的從句，并緊接在被修飾詞之后．Ilovethegirl.Thegirlhaslonghair.Ilovethegirlwhohasalonghair.關(guān)系代詞：先行詞指人：who，whom先行詞指物：which先行詞指人指物均可：that所屬關(guān)系：whose①who：指人，在從句中作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）Awandererwhoisdeterminedtoreachhisdestinationdoesnotfeartherain.既然選擇了遠(yuǎn)方，便只顧風(fēng)雨兼程?！魢娣纸猓篈wandererdoesnotfeartherain.Awandererisdeterminedtoreachhisdestination.who

指代awanderer，在從句中充當(dāng)主語。Amanwhohasmadeuphismindtowinwillneversay“impossible”.——Napoleon分解：Amanwillneversay“impossible”.Amanhasmadeuphismindtowin.who

指代theman，在從句中充當(dāng)主語AmanwhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.IamsurroundedbythestudentswhoIlike.我身邊都是我喜歡的學(xué)生。分解：IamsurroundedbythestudentsIlikethestudents.who指代thestudents，在從句當(dāng)中充當(dāng)賓語。②whom：指人，作賓語(作賓語可省略，如介詞提前則不能省)HeisthemanwhomIsawyesterday.他是我昨天見過的那個人。whom指代theman，在從句中充當(dāng)賓語。(1)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.(2)ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.③which：指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時?？墒÷?。(1)ThisisacarwhichismadeinChina.(作____)(2)Ilovethebookwhichhasbeautifulpictures.(作____)(3)Iamalwaysdoingthethings(which)Icannotdo,inorderthatImaylearnhowtodoit.(作____)我總是在做我不能做的事，為的是從中學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)怎樣去做。——畢加索(4)Everyoneisamoon,andhasadarkside(which)henevershowstoanybody.

(作____)每個人都是月亮，總有一個陰暗面從不讓人看見。④that指人或物

在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時常可省略。(1)Ilovethemanthat

cansmileintroubleandthat

cangatherstrengthfrompain,andgrowbravebythought.(作____)指人時可以用who，whom代替。(2)YesterdayIreadanarticlethat

wasaboutnaturaldisasters.(作____)指物時可以用which代替。⑤whose在定語從句中作定語，與后面的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。whose既可指人，也可指物。(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(3)Doyoulikethebook

whosecoverisyellow?1.Shewasalwaystalkingintheclass,_____madeotherstudentsunhappy.2.Myuncle,______Ihaven’tseenforalongtime,wenttoGuangzhou.3.Ilikethehouse,____windowsfacethesea.4.Isawmyfriend,_______wasreading.

which

whomExercise1Finishthefollowingexercises.whose

who1.Thebrush__________hehastakenawayismine.2.Theman____________yousawintheparkisourchemistryteacher.3.Thepopularsingersangmanysongs,______wealllike.(that/which)

(that/who/whom)

which

Translation（漢譯英）1.他有一個姐姐，她是一個老師。2.湯姆贏了這游戲，這讓我們感到很驚訝。3.湯姆上學(xué)遲到了

，這使得老師很生氣。4.這是我上周買的新車。1.他有一個姐姐，她是一個老師。?2.湯姆贏了這游戲，這讓我們感到很驚訝。Hehasasister,who

isateacher.Tomwonthegame,which

madeussurprised.(=whichsurprisedus)3.湯姆上學(xué)遲到了，這使得老師很生氣。4.這是我上周買的新車。

Tomwaslateforschool,whichmadeteacherangry.Thisisthenewcarwhich/thatIboughtlastweek.指代內(nèi)容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系代詞的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主語,賓語主語,賓語主語,賓語賓語定語作賓語可省作賓語可省作賓語可省作賓語可省不可省Note1：關(guān)系詞只能用that而不能用which的情況：先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none等不定代詞時,只用that。Iamsureshehassomething

youcanborrow.that關(guān)系詞只能用that而不能用which的情況：(2)先行詞指物被all,every,no,some,any,little,fewmuch等修飾時，只用that。I’vereadallthebooks

arenotmine.thatThisisthe

firstbook

hehasread.(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時，只用that。thatThisisthe

verybook

belongstohim.(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just,last修飾時，只用that。that(5)當(dāng)主句為以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句,只用that。(6)先行詞同時包含了人和物時。Whoistheman

isstandingthere?Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthings

wecouldremember.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those

等,指人時一般用who,不用that。

Those

wanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.

whoNote2：關(guān)系詞不用that的情況：(2)

非限制性定語從句中，指人用who和whom，指物只能用which，不能用thatFootball,

isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.whichHeisthestudent

youwanttosee.I’mlookingforacontainerin

Icanputallthesepeaches.關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語時可省略掉。但放在介詞后面只能用whom/which而且不可省略。who,whom,that,省略whichNote3：省略問題Thisisoneofthebookswhich

(be)writtenbyCharlesDickens.Heistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswho

(have)learnedFrench.HesaidhewasaFrenchman,which

(be)nottrue.oneofthen（s）后面的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)theonlyoneofthen（s）謂語動詞用單數(shù)拓展：定語從句中的主謂一致werehaswas指代內(nèi)容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系代詞的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主語,賓語主語,賓語主語,賓語賓語定語作賓語可省作賓語可省作賓語可省作賓語可省不可省Summary關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語時可省略掉。但放在介詞后面只能用whom/which而且不可省略。關(guān)系代詞用法

1.先行詞為all，

everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much等不定代詞2.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾3.先行詞既有人又有物4.先行詞被theonly，thevery，thelast，just，right等修飾5.開頭是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句1.先行詞是one，ones，anybody，anyone，all，none，those等，指人一般用who，不用that只用that的情況不用that的情況2.非限制性定語從句中，指人用who和whom，指物只能用which，不能用thatExercise1.Doyoustillremembertheearthquake

___________happenedtenyearsago?2.Itisagoodchoicefortourists________

prefervisitingplacesofhistoricalinterest.3.Thisisthepilotwith______mybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.4.Couldyoupleasepassmethebook________coverisgreen?5.Jacksonlikesthebike__________hisunclegavehimasabirthdaygift.that/whichthat/whowhomwhosethat/which6.Theschoolin________mysisteroncestudiedisveryfamous.7.ProfessorYangisapersonfrom______Ihavelearnedalot.8.Theboy______parentsareteachersismyclassmate.9.Lucycalledherbrother______________shehadn'tseenforfiveyears.10.Itisthemostinterestingstory______Ihaveeverheard.whichwhomwhosethat/whom/whothat小試牛刀1)Anything____canburnisasourceofheatenergy.2)Thisistheverybook______I’mlookingfor.3)Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons_______theyrememberedintheschool.4)Whichisthebook_______youlost?5)Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.6)Pleasegetreadyforeverything_____weneed.7)Thisisthewatch___________Ilostyesterday.thatthatthatthatthatthatthat/which①Doyouknowtheman____________istalkingwithyourmother?②Thisistheperson____________youshouldthankforhelpingyourson.③Thegirl____________graduatedfromCambridgeUniversityiscalledAmanda.④Ilikethosebooks____________to