Unit+5+Discovering+Useful+Structures+定語從句關(guān)系副詞課件-【高效備課精析 + 知識(shí)精講提升】高一上學(xué)期英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

Unit5LanguagesaroundtheWorldGrammarRestrictiverelativeclausesⅡ(where,when,why,prep.+which/whom)Jessica定語的位置：前置定語和后置定語前置定語：單詞：名詞、形容詞、分詞、動(dòng)名詞后置定語：短語和從句（定語從句）中文有沒有后置定語？古文中有后置定語，現(xiàn)代漢語幾乎沒有。居廟堂之高則憂其民，處江湖之遠(yuǎn)則憂其君。英文：英文長句中后置定語居多。后置定語：短語和從句（定語從句）前置：Ilikehoneststudents.定語從句：Ilikethestudentswhoarehonest.Sheistheonethat

youneverforget.見過她你便永遠(yuǎn)不能忘記。Sheistheheaven-sentangelyoumet.見過她你便知道她是天使。ShemustbethereasonwhyGod

made

a

girl.她就是上帝制造女孩的原因。Shewinseverythingthatshemightdo.只要她愿意它可以得到一切。定語從句：在英語中，我們通常用一個(gè)形容詞作定語修飾名詞或代詞，若要表達(dá)更復(fù)雜的意思，為了避免頭重腳輕，則需要借助一個(gè)句子來修飾名詞。這個(gè)被修飾的名詞/代詞因?yàn)榭傇诙ㄕZ從句前面，所以被稱為先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞，就被稱為關(guān)系詞。定語從句三個(gè)重要概念：1.先行詞：被定語從句所修飾或限制的對(duì)象。2.關(guān)系詞：連接主從句，在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分（替代先行詞）。3.定語從句。

Everything

that

wesawinthisfilmwastrue.如何改寫成定語從句？①找出兩個(gè)簡單句的共有成分；②將從句中的共有成分去掉；③用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)剩下的從句，并緊接在被修飾詞之后．Ilovethegirl.Thegirlhaslonghair.Ilovethegirlwhohasalonghair.指代內(nèi)容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系代詞的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主語,賓語主語,賓語主語,賓語賓語定語作賓語可省作賓語可省作賓語可省作賓語可省不可省Summary關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面只能用whom/which而且不可省略。關(guān)系代詞用法

1.先行詞為all，

everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much等不定代詞2.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾3.先行詞既有人又有物4.先行詞被theonly，thevery，thelast，just，right等修飾5.開頭是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句1.先行詞是one，ones，anybody，anyone，all，none，those等，指人一般用who，不用that只用that的情況不用that的情況2.非限制性定語從句中，指人用who和whom，指物只能用which，不能用that定語從句關(guān)系代詞考點(diǎn)總結(jié)：1.在限制性定語從句中，如果先行詞是人，用who不會(huì)錯(cuò)。2.在限制性定語從句中，如果先行詞是物，用that不會(huì)錯(cuò)。3.在非限制性定語從句中，先行詞是人用who，先行詞是物用which。4.oneofthen（s）后面的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)

theonlyoneofthen（s）謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Wehavelearnedattributiveclausesintroducedbyrelativepronounsinthelastunit.Nowlet’slearnattributiveclausesintroducedbyrelativeadverbs.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who,whom,which,that,whose起著代詞和連詞的作用，在從句中充當(dāng)主語，賓語或定語when,where,why起著副詞或介詞短語和連詞的作用，在從句中充當(dāng)狀語關(guān)系詞的作用：①代替前面的先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分②把兩個(gè)句子連接起來構(gòu)成一個(gè)復(fù)合句關(guān)系詞什么是狀語？狀語：說明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等的句子成分叫做狀語。除去五大基本概念和形容詞（定語）剩下的成分就是狀語。五大基本概念：主語、謂語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)。關(guān)系副詞：副詞是表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或全局，表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，程度，方式等概念。時(shí)間狀語：when地點(diǎn)狀語：where原因狀語：why

Therelativeadverbialstimeplacereasonwhenwherewhy=關(guān)系代詞which介詞relativeadverbials關(guān)系副詞Where=at/on/in…whichWhy=forwhichWhen=during/on/in…which關(guān)系副詞的用法1.ThisisthehousewhereIlived20yearsago.2.Istillrememberthe

day

whenIfirstmethim.3.Canyoutellmethereason

whyyouliedtome?1.觀察先行詞有什么特點(diǎn)？2.從句中缺少什么成分？地點(diǎn)缺地點(diǎn)狀語inthehouse時(shí)間缺時(shí)間狀語ontheday原因缺原因狀語forthisreason關(guān)系副詞定語從句：1.前面必須有與之對(duì)應(yīng)的先行詞2.關(guān)系副詞后面的從句是一個(gè)完整的句子。①When引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，先行詞為表示時(shí)間的名詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，可用“介詞+which”來替換。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen

(onwhich)Ijoinedtheteam.I’llneverforgettheday.Ijoinedtheteamonthatday.when作時(shí)間狀語關(guān)系副詞whenwhen引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示時(shí)間的名詞

time,hour,day,year,moment,occasion時(shí)刻，age年代，period階段,stage時(shí)期，interval

間隙等詞,并在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于介詞

(in/on/during)+whichI’llneverforgetthestage

inwhich(when)Istudiedintheschool.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)期。I'llneverforgettheday______________Ifirstwenttoschool.when/onwhichTherewasatime_________________hedancedtotheLittleAppleeveryday.when/duringwhichExerciseTherearemanyreasonswhy

peopleliketraveling.表示原因的先行詞在定語從句作原因狀語②關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)的定語從句表示原因(先行詞一般是reason),在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于“forwhich”。=forwhich(=forthereasons)關(guān)系副詞whyTheminuteyouthinkofgivingup,thinkofthereasonwhyyouheldonsolong.在你想要放棄的那一刻，想想為什么當(dāng)初堅(jiān)持走到了這里。Idon’tknowthereason______________________________我不知道她為什么如此迷戀蔡徐坤。Idon’tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichsheissocrazyaboutLuHan.我不知道她為什么如此迷戀蔡徐坤。③

Where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，先行詞為表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，可用“介詞+which”來替換。Theschoolwhere(inwhich)mysonstudiesisnearapark.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.

分解where作地點(diǎn)狀語關(guān)系副詞wherewhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞

place,room,house,area,room,mountain抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞如case,state,condition,point,situation等)的先行詞并在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，相當(dāng)于介詞

+whichThedictionaryistheonlyplacewheresuccesscomesbeforework.只有在字典里，“成功”才會(huì)出現(xiàn)在“工作”之前。where=intheplaceBetterkeepyourselfcleanandbright.Youarethewindowthroughwhichyoumustseetheworld.我們透過自身這扇窗觀望世界，因此，最好讓它保持干凈明亮?！挷{Thatistheplace_____________theymetforthefirsttime.where/inwhich

Chinaistheonlycountry__________________wildpandascanbefound.where/fromwhichExercise1．when引導(dǎo)定語從句when表示______,代替先行詞并在定語從句中做_______，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time,day,year,month,week等。2．where引導(dǎo)定語從句where表示_____,代替先行詞并在定語從句中做_______，其先行詞往往是具體地點(diǎn)place,room,mountain,airport或抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞如case,state,condition,point,situation等。3．why引導(dǎo)定語從句why表示_____,代替先行詞并在定語從句中做________，其先行詞是表示理由的名詞reason。時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語原因原因狀語關(guān)系副詞相當(dāng)于被代替的先行詞在從句中作成分in,at等介詞+which表示地點(diǎn)的名詞at,in,on,during等介詞+which地點(diǎn)狀語表示時(shí)間的名詞時(shí)間狀語for+whichreason原因狀語wherewhenwhy先行詞為地點(diǎn)，一定用關(guān)系副詞where嗎？

可以用that/which嗎？先行詞為原因，一定用關(guān)系副詞why嗎？

可以用that/which嗎？先行詞為時(shí)間類，一定用關(guān)系副詞when嗎？

可以用that/which嗎？4.如何區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句★不能看到時(shí)間就用when，要看從句缺什么成分I’llneverforgettheday______Ilivedinthemountains.I’llneverforgettheday_______________Ispentinthemountains.whenthat/which/省略缺時(shí)間狀語缺spent的賓語★不能看到地點(diǎn)就用where,要看從句缺什么成分Thisisthehouse_______hewasborn.Thisisthehouse_____________wassetupbyhisparents.wherethat/which缺地點(diǎn)狀語缺主語★不能看到reason就用why，要看從句缺什么成分Thisisthereason

_____hewaslate.Thisisthereason____________hetoldusforhisbeinglate.

whythat/which缺原因狀語缺told的直接賓語觀察例句1.Doyourememberthedays________wechattedwitheachotherallnight?2.Doyourememberthedays__________wespentstudyingtogetherintheclassroom?3.Idon'tknowthereason______hedidn'tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.4.Wewon'tacceptthereason__________youhavegiven.5.Canyourecognizethehouse________youusedtolivewithyourparents?6.Canyourecognisethehouse_________Tomsoldthreeyearsago?注意辨析when

that/whichwhythat/whichwherethat/which表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及原因的名詞作先行詞時(shí)，先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞；若先行詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時(shí)，則應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞。方法：分析從句句子成分

that/whichwhenthat/whichwhywhere1.when相當(dāng)于“at/in/on/during等+which”Iremembertheday________________

IsettledinChina.2.where

相當(dāng)于“in/at/on等+which”Thehouse________________Marklivedisnowalibrary.3.why

相當(dāng)于“for+which”Isthatthereason________

shesuddenlychangedhermind?關(guān)系副詞when，where，why引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，也可用“介詞+which”代替關(guān)系副詞。when(=onwhich)where(=inwhich)why(=forwhich)用when,where,why完成句子.1.Doyouknowthereason________theteacherwasangry?2.Thehotel________westayedprovidedreallygoodservice.3.Thethirdhourofclassintheafternoonisthetime________wehavesports.4.Idon'tthinktheshop________Ilostmywallet.5.Thehospital________myfatherworksisnotfarfromhere.6.Thereason________Ididn’twritetoyouwasthatIhadforgotyouraddress.7.I’llneverforgetthedays________Iworkedinthecountryside.8.Wewillstartatthepoint________weleftoff.whywherewhenwherewherewhywhenwhere1.This?is?the?hotel?_______last?month.??A.?which?they?stayed?B.?at?that?they?stayed??C.?where?they?stayed?at?D.?wherethey?stayed2.?This?is?one?of?the?best?films?_______.??A.?that?have?been?shown?this?year???B.?that?have?shown??C.?that?has?been?shown?this?year???D.?that?you?talked?

3.?The?engineer?______my?father?works?is?about?50?years?old.??A.?to?whom? B.?on?whom???C.?with?which?? D.?with?whom??4.?Last?summer?we?visited?the?West?Lake,?__