初升高英語銜接學習第1講

初升高英語銜接學習第1講

名詞

一、名詞的分類：根據用法，名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞兩類。

1.可數名詞有單、復數形式的區(qū)別。需要掌握規(guī)則名詞的復數形式的構成。

以V結尾的專有名詞,或元音字母+丫結尾的名詞變復數時,直接加S變復數:

以。結尾的名詞，變復數時：

以f或fe結尾的名詞變復數時常去f,fe加ves,

考點回顧：

hero________potato________knife__________story_________

family_______holiday_______photo_________leaf_________

2.名詞復數的不規(guī)則變化

1）childfoottooth

mousemanpolicewoman

anEnglishmanGerman

2）deer________sheep_________fish______

Chineseoneyuanameter

3）maths_physics_news

4）glass_____________（一副眼鏡）trousers______________（一條褲子）

shoe_______________（一雙鞋）

3.不可數名詞一般沒有復數形式，只有單數形式，它的前面不能用不定冠詞a/an,若要

表示它的個體意義時，?般需要將其量化。

不可數名詞如何量化：就是在不可數名詞前面加上“數詞+量詞+of”

最常見的不可數名詞有：advice,baggage,change（零錢）,furniture（家具），hair,

homework,information,knowledge,luggage（行李），money,news,progress,traffic

不可數名詞量的表示

aglassofwater—杯水一塊蛋糕一張紙

一雙短襪一瓶牛奶_盒巧克力

一塊肥皂一條情報

4.另外還有一些名詞，即可做不可數名詞也可做可數名詞，但意思不相同。

單詞可數名詞意思不可數名詞意思單詞可數名詞意思不可數名詞意思

work工作German德國人

wood木頭life生活，人生

Chicken小雞Exercise練習，體操

Paper報紙，試卷紙Orange橘「

Room房間Glass玻璃杯

Time時間JapaneseFI語

Light燈fish魚肉

2.）常以復數形式出現并使用的名詞：clothes,people,trousers,glasses,scissors,thanks,

congratulations,wishes,police,stairs（樓梯），works（著作），woods（森林）,times（時代）

3）只有復數形式的名詞

trousers褲子，pants褲子，shorts短褲glasses眼鏡，compasses圓規(guī)，scales天平，

pliers鉗子，clips剪子

4）單復數同型的單詞

fish魚，deer鹿，sheep綿羊，works（工廠），means手段，Swiss瑞士人，Chinese

中國人，news新聞，goods商品

5.修飾可數名詞的詞有：___________________________________________________

修飾不可數名詞的詞有__________________________________________________

即可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞的詞有：some（any）,no,alotof,

二、定語名詞的復數（即名詞修飾名詞）

名詞作定語一般用單數，但也有以下例外。

1）用復數作定語。

運動會學生閱覽室

2）man,woman,等作定語時，其單復數以所修飾的名詞的單復數而定。

女老師男警察

3）數詞+名詞作定語時，這個名詞?般保留單數形式。

如：two-dozeneggs兩打/（二十四個雞蛋）十里路

兩百棵樹一個五年計劃

三、名詞的格

1.有生命的人、物及其他名詞的所有格在詞尾加“'s”，

男孩的書包______________

2.詞詞尾已有-s,只加,，

教師節(jié)雙胞胎的父母

3.時間、距離、地域等名詞的所有格形式為

今天的報紙十分鐘的路程

4.在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現它所修飾的名詞,

在理發(fā)店去診所

5.凡不能加”‘s"的名詞，都可以用"名詞+of+名詞”的結構來表示所有關系，

歌的名字我家的窗戶

6.如果兩個名詞并列，井且分別有's,則表示"分別有"；只有一個二則表示，共有1

如：John'sandMary'srooms（兩間）JohnandMary'sroom（一間）

7.雙重所有格形式：anovelofMarkTwin'safriendofmyfather's/mine

名詞練習

㈠、基本題型

一.寫出下列名詞的復數形式

1、orange2、class3、text

4、monkey5^piano6、child

7、shelf8、bed9、country

10、family______________11>toy______________12>foot____

13>Japanese____________14、radio_____________15、photo____

16^army17>tomato18、fox

19>woman_____________20Aknife_____________22、sheep

㈡、選擇填空

1、Thereonthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.

A.arephotoesB.arephotos

C.isaphotoD.isphotos

2.ThiscarmadeinShanghai.

A.isB.areC.wereD.has

3.Therearefourandtwointhegroup.

A.Japanese,GermenBJapaneses,Germen

C.Japanese,GermanC.Japanese,Germans

4.That'sartbook.

A.anB.aC.theDare

5.Theboyshavegotalready.

A.twobreadB.twobreads

C.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread

6.Theoldmanwants.

A.sixboxesofapplesB.sixboxesofapple

C.sixboxofapplesD.sixboxsofapples

7.Theresomeintheriver.

A.is,fishB.are,fishsC.is,fishsD.are,fish

8.Theretwointhebox.

A.iswatchB.arewatchesC.arewatchD.iswatches

9.Weshouldclean_____twiceaday.

A.ourtoothB.ourtoothsC.teethD.ourteeth

lO.Themeetingroomisnearthereadingroom.

A.teacherBleacher'sC.teachers,D.teachers

11.InBritainareallpaintedred.

A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersbox

12.Therearebirdsinthatbigtree.

A.hundredsofB.fivehundredsof

C.fivehundredofD.hundredof

13.June1stis____Dayallovertheworld.

A.Child9sB.Childs'C.Children9sD.Childrens,

14.September10this___DayinChina,isn'tit?

A.TeachefsB.Teachers^.TeacherD.Teacherof

15.ismadeof.

A.Glass;glassB.Aglass;glassC.Glasses;glassesD.Aglass;glasses

16.Thisisnews.

A.suchagoodB.averygoodC.sogoodaD.suchgood

17.Whatitis!Let'sgoswimming.

A.afineweatherB.finedayC.afinedayD.badweather

18.TheylikeChinese.

A.foodandpeoplesB.foodsandpeopleC.foodsandpeopleD.foodandpeople

19.LucyandIgotoschooleveryday.

A.onfeetB.onfootC.byfootsD.bybuses

20.-Arethose?-No,theyaren't.They're.

A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cowC.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows

21.Whatareyoulisteningto,Jane?or?

A.amusic;anewsB.music;newsC.music;newsD.music;anews

22.Thatbusdriverdranktwo.

A.glassofwaterB.glassesofwatersC.cupsofteaD.cupoftea

23.Mrs.Smithisanoldfriendof.

A.Bob'smotherB.Bob'smother5sC.motherofBobD.Bobmother5s

24.Thetallmanwithabignoseisteacher.

A.TomandCarlB.Tom'sandCarFsC.TomandCarFs

25.Thereistreeinourschool.

A.a8-metres-tallB.an-8-metre-tallC.an8metrestall

26.Howmanyandarethereinyourclass?

A.boystudent;girlonesB.girlsstudents;boysones

C.boysstudent;girloneD.girlstudents;boyones

27.Agroupofaretalkingwithtwo_overthere.

A.Frenchmen;GermansB.Frenchmen;Germen

C.German;FrenchmenD.Germans;Frenchmans

㈢、綜合型

l.Intime,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees.

A.fewyearB.afewyears'C.fewyearsD.afewyear's

2.Didyouhearthereport?

A.policeB.policemen'sC.policemans^,policemens'

3.Weboughtfbrmymother,sbirthday.

A.somemeatsB.somepiecesmeatC.apieceofmeatD.piecesofmeats

4.-Whoseisthisnewdesk??It's.

A.SueandJim'sB.SueandJimC.Sue'sandJim's

5.-Wouldyoulikecoffee?-No,thanks.Tvedrunktwo—.

A.any;bottlesoforangeB.little;bottleoforanges

C.some;bottlesoforangeD.afew;bottleoforange

6.-Howmanydoyouwant?-Two,please.

A.kilosofeggB.kiloofeggsC.kilosofeggsD.kiloofbread

7.Therailwaystationistwofromourhouse.

A.houfsdriveB.hours'driveC.hour-driveD.hoursdrive

8.-Whereareyougoing,Lucy?-.

A.TomyuncleB.Tomyuncle'sC.AtmyuncleD.Atmyuncle's

9.Haveyouread?A.anewspaperoftoday'sB.todaynewspaper

C.today'snewspaper

10.There9realotof_downthere,buthardlyany___.

A.horse;peopleB.horses;peoplesC.cow;peopleD.sheep;people

11.Lucyputalotofin___oftea.（2000西安）

A.sugar;thetwocupB.sugars;thetwocups

C.sugar;thetwocupsD.sugars;twocups

12.Mr.Linoftengivesusbye-maiL（2000上海）

A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformations

C.goodinformationsD.agoodinformation

13.-Isthisyourroom?-No,it'sroom.（2000廣州）

A.boxofappleB.boxesofapplesC.boxofapplesD.boxesofapple

14.-Helpyourselftosome.

-Thankyou.Ireallylikethem.（2001汕頭）

A.fishB.orangeC.breadD.cakes

15.ThisisanoldphotoofminewhenI.（2001吉林）

A.haveshorthairsB.hadshorthairs

C.haveshorthairD.hadshorthair

16.Whereissweater?Ican'tseeit.（2001四川）

A.LucyB.LucysC.Lucy's

17.Thelittlebabyhastwoalready.（2001天津）

A.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths

18.Weallhadlastmonth.Didyoutraveltoanywhere?

A.sevendays'holidayB.sevenday'sholiday

C.seven-daysholidayD.aseven-daysholiday

19.YesterdayafewcametovisitsomeinShantou.

A.German;placesofinterestB.Germans;placesofinterests

C.Germans;placesofinterestD.Germen;placesofinterest

20.Whenautumncomes,ofmosttreesturnyellowandthenfalldown.

A.leafB.leafsC.leaveD.leaves

代詞

--人稱代詞

主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞

I

You

He

She

We

They

You

It

1.人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作動詞的賓語或介詞賓語，第一人稱在省略句中，還可以作主

語。

例如：Isawherwiththem。

a.—Whobrokethevase?-

b.-Me.（me=It'sme.）

2.）賓格代替主格：

a.在簡短對話中，當人稱代詞單獨使用或在not后，多用賓語。

——IlikeEnglish.——Metoo.

——Havemorewine?Notme.

b.在表示比較的非正式的文體中，常用賓格代替主格。但如果比較狀語的謂語保留，則

主語只能用主格。Heistallerthan1/me.Heistallerthan1am.

3）動物名詞的指代一般用it或they代替，有時也用he,she,帶有親切的感情色彩。

4）指代車或國家，船舶的名詞，含感情色彩時常用she。

5）單數人稱代詞并列作主語時，其順序為：you,he/sheandI

6）復數人稱代詞作主語時，其順序為：we,youandthey

2.物主代詞（…人的）：包括形容詞性的物主代詞和名詞性的物主代詞

形容詞性的物主代詞+名詞；名詞性的物主代詞=形容詞性的物主代詞+名詞

3.反身代詞：（1）加強語氣，起強調作用，“…自己”,"親自”,“本人”

（2）用在一些動詞后,表示主語既是動作的發(fā)出者，也是動作的承受者.常見的這

類動詞有:teach,dress,help,lookafter,enjoy,hurt,wash

4.不定代詞

(1)none(of)指人或物回答howmany/much的問題

nobody,noone指人nothing指物

(2)one指人或物，復數為ones,that指物(不可數名詞),it指代前面提到的物體

Ihavegotanicewatch.Wouldyouliketobuyone?(awatch)

Ihavegotanicewatch.Doyoulikeit?(thewatch)

TheweatherhereisbetterthanthatinBeijing,(theweather)

(3)三者或三者以上：all(全部，都)any(任何一個)none(一個也沒有)

兩者：both(全部，都)either(任意一個)neither(一個也沒有)

*not與both,all連用表示部分否定.

(4)some用于肯定句中也可用于表示請求、建議或希望得到肯定答復的疑問句中

any用于疑問句、否定句中；還有“任何的”意思

(5)another泛指另一個

theother常與one連用，表示兩者中的另一個one...theother...

others泛指別的，其他的theothers特指別的，其他的(有范圍限制)

(the)others=(the)other+名詞

else放在合成不定代詞或疑問詞之后

(6)every+名詞，只能做定語，(三者或三者以上)

each兩者或兩者以上的“每一”，可以單獨使用

常見的短語：eachofeachother

(7)合成不定代詞的用法(略)*形容詞后置

練習一

單項填空：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞和疑問代詞

1isshe?She，sanurse.

AWhoB.WhereC.WhichD.What

2isTom1ike?Oh,hesshort.

AWhichB.WhoC.WhatD.Whom

3____capisthat?

AWho'sB.WhoC.WhoseD.Where

4isnousetellinghimaboutthat.

AThisB.ThatC.TheseD.It

5Thethreemen,Bob,Joeandmetatthestation.

AIB.meC.herD.you

6havebeentoParis.

AI,youandheB.He,youandI

CYou,heandID.You,heandme

7Mybrotherissoyoungthathecan'ttakecareof

AhimB.herselfC.himselfD.his

8.Theyoungteacherteachespolitics.

A.usB.ourC.oursD.ourself

9Ourworkisnotsogoodas

A.himB.heC.hisD.he，s

10.HasJackgotthemoney?Yes,Igave____yesterday.

A.tohimthemB.tohimifC.himthemD.ittohim

11.Howhardworks!

A.weB.himC.heD.his

12.Won*tyoulet____helpyou?

A.IandmyfriendB.myfriendandI

C.myfriendandmeD.myfriendandIto

13.Heaskedthethreemen,Bob,Joeand____tobeready.

A.IB.himselfC.meD.herself

14.Al1myclassmatesaregoingtotheSummerPalaceexcept

A.heandIB.heandmeC.himandID.himandme

15.Go___to____!

A.here,usB.there,they

C.there,themD.here,we

16.Themoonisshiningbrightlytonightislikearoundplate.

A.ItsB.HeC.SheD.They

17.Heisastallas____.

A.sheB.herC.himD.himself

18.IfIwereIwouldtaketheadvice.

A.sheB.herC.heD.his

19.Openthedoor,please?It's

A.IB.myC.mineD.me

20.Shehasn，tbroughtbookwithher.Willyoulendher____?

A.hers,yourB.her,your

C.hers,yoursD.her,yours

21.That*snot____;itis____.Imadeit____.

A.yours,mine,myselfB.your,mine,myself

C.yours,her,myselfD.yours,my,myself

22.John*sbookismoreinterestingthan____.

A.yourbookB.yourone

C.yourselfD.yours

23.EitherMaryorherparentswillletmeuse____car.

A.herB.theirC.mineD.him

24.ThebirdbuiIds____nestinthetree.

A.herB.it，sC.itsD.her's

25.Thesunmakesdayandnight.

A.itsB.weC.ourD.ours.

26.—rveforgottenmybread.

—Nevermind,youcanhave____.

A.someofusB.ussome

C.someofoursD.someofour

27.Twosistersof____helpuswithourEnglish.

A.himB.hisC.heD.he's

28.Aretheyfriends___?

A.ofyouB.toyouC.toyoursD.ofyours

29.LilyandBillwanttoseeit

A.theirselvesB.themselves

C.himselfD.themself

30.Wehadbetteraskthesecretary

A.hisB.himC.himselfD.themselves

31.Wemethisgrandma

A.himselfB.hers

C.herselfD.her

32.Thegirldresses____whenshegetsup.

A.herB.sheC.herselfD.himself

33.Pleasehelp____tosometea.

A.meB.himC.yourselfD.yours

34.Tomisnotquite____today.

A.hisselfB.himC.hisD.himself

35.r11bring____dictionarywithme.

A.myselfB.ourselvesC.myownD.own

36.____magazineisoverthere.

A.TheseB.ThoseC.ThisD.That

37.____agoodidea.

A.ThisisB.That's

38.Hewasill.iswhyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.

A.ThisB.It

C.ThereD.That

39.WhatIwanttotellyouis:ThemeetingisputofftillFriday.

A.itB.thisC.thatD.its

40.ShewenttoswimandTUIdo

A.suchB.sameC.thesameasD.thesame

41.Ourfeelingwas____.

A.thesameastheyB.sameastheirs

C.sameastheyD.thesameastheirs

42.TheyleftforShanghaion____day.

A.thesameB.such

43.Youcandoitnoworleaveittilllater,itis____tome.

A.thesameB.allthesame

44.Whoisthatboy?

A.HeisastudentB.Heisaworker

C.HeismybrotherD.Heistall

45.Itwaswarmdaythattheywentswimming.

A.suchB.suchaC.soD.soa

46.Itwasalongtimeago.

A.suchB.very

47.ishe?Heisabusdriver.

A.WhoB.WhichC.ThatD.What

48.Howisyourbrother?

A.That*sheB.That，shim

C.He'sverygoodD.He'sverywel1

49.thesegirlsdoyouknow?

A.WhichofB.Whoare

C.WhatD.Howmany

50.paperdoyouread?Iread〃ChinaDaily

A.WhichB.HowC.HowmanyD.What

51.—isthequickestwayfromheretotheBank?

A.WhatB.WhichC.WhatwayD.Whichtheway

52.What'shisname?____.

A.ItJohnB.Johnit，sthename

C.It'sJohnD.ItsJohn

53.Whatcolourareyournewshoes?___.

A.TheyarebrowncolourB.It'sbrown

C.TheyarebrownD.Theyarecolourbrown

54.hatisthat?

A.Who'sB.Whose

C.WhoD.Whom

55.TheTVsetsmadeinShanghaiaremuchbetterthanmadeinBeijing.

A.thatB.these

C.thoseD.it

單項填空：不定代詞

1.Ifyouneedmoney,I'11lendyou.

A.oneB.someC.anyD.those

2.ThepenI'mwritingwithisdifferentfrom___.

A.thatonesB.thatoneC.thatone'sD.thoseone

3.Iremember___wordhesaidthatday.

A.allB.noneC.bothD.every

4.〃Doeshestudyphysicsorchemistry?〃〃Hestudies

A.eitherB.neitherC.noneD.all

5.“DoeshestudyEnglishorRussian?〃“Hestudies

A.bothB.allC.eitherD.none

6.Thereareseveralwindowsintheroom.The__facesouth.

A.bothB.allC.everyD.either

7.Doyouhave____tosayatthemeeting?

A.somethingimportantB.anythingimportant

C.importantsomethingD.importantanything

8.rvehadenoughbread,wouldyoulike____?

A.onemoreB.somemoreC.anymuchD.anothermore

9.____worewhatshelikedbest.

A.EachofthewomenB.Eachofthewoman

C.EachofwomenD.Eachthewomen

10.Idon，tknow

A.anyoneofthemB.anyoneofchildren

C.nooneD.anyoneofthechildren

11.Shehasfourdaughters.Oneisadoctor,but____areworkers.

A.anotherB.otherC.theothersD.theother

12.Iaskedherifsheknow____.

A.allthemB.themallC.themofallD.everythem

13.___canalwaystrytodoalittlebetterthan____best.

A.One,youB.One,oneC.One,hisD.One,one's

14.Oneofthestudentshasn'tprepared___lessonsverywell.

A.one'sB.onesC.theirD.his

15.Everyoneshouldbecarefulof___pronunciation.

A.theirB.onesC.ourD.his

16.Haveyouanybooksoncooking?I'dliketoborrow.

A.itB.thatC.thisD.one

17.Haveyougotanyapples?Yes,I'vegot___.

A.asmallB.somesmal1C.twosmallonesD.smal1

18.Isthisyourcoat?No,mineis___.

A.oneblueB.ablueone

19.Ifyouneedmoney,I'11lendyou____.

A.oneB.itC.thoseD.some.

20.“Haveyoufoundthepenyoulostyesterday?〃

A.oneB.theoneC.one*sD.it

21.I'vegot____interestingbooks.

A.someB.any

22.Put___breadonthetable;weneed____more.

A.any,someB.some,anyC.some,someD.any,

23.Thereisn，t___workforustodo.

A.someB.any

24.Heremembershavingreadaboutitin

A.anystorybookB.somestorybook

25.Ihave____importanttotellyou.

A.somethingB.anything

26.Isthere____wrongwithyourTVset?

A.somethingB.anything

27.Ifthereare___goodapplesintheshop,buymetwopounds.

A.someB.any

28.Bothoftheseareinterestingbooks.Youcanborrowofthem.

A.anyB.either

29.Alltheseareinterestingbooks.Youcanborrowofthem.

A.anyB.both

30.Come___you1ike.

A.somedayB.anyday.

31.cananswerthequestion.It'squiteeasy.

A.SomebodyB.Anybody

32.Whydon'tyougettoreadduringthewintervacation（寒假）?

A.anythingB.something

33.Wouldyoulike_beer?

A.anyB.some

34.____ofthestudents;wasgivenabook.

A.EachB.Every

35.____studentshouldrespect（尊敬）theteacher.

A.EachB.Every

36.TwoboyscameandIgaveanappleto____.

A.eachB.every

37.Thesoldierslinedon____sideoftheroad.

A.eachB.every

38.Everyonemustdobesttohelpothers.

A.one，sB.his

39.Herearetwodictionaries.Youmayuse___ofthem.

A.eitherB.eachC.everyD.all

40.Thereareflowerson____sideofthedoor.

A.eitherB.both

41.On____banksoftherivertherearetreesandflowers.

A.eitherB.both

42.Helentmetwobooks,but____ofthemiseasytoread.

A.bothB.neither

43.Helentmeafewbooks,but____ofthemareeasytoread.

A.neitherB.none

44.HisparentsareEnglishteachers.

A.allB.both

45.____likemusic.

A.thebothgirlsB.Boththisgirls

C.BothofthemD.Boththey

46.____areverygood.

A.BoththeyB.Thebothboys

C.BoththoseboysD.Bothofthey

47.Therearetwowindowsintheroom.They____facesouth.

A.allB.bothC.everyD.either

48.DoeshespeakEnglishorRussian?Hedoesn，tspeak____.

A.eitherB.neitherC.noneD.all

49.Theteacherwantedtoinvitethem____tothemusicalevening.

A.everybodyB.all

50.rveread____ofthebooks.

A.nooneB.none

51.〃Howmanyelephantsdidyousee?〃〃____.〃

A.NoneB.Noone

C.NotmanyonesD.Nomany

52.Mysistergavemetwopictures.OneistheGreatWall,____is

theMingTombs（明十三陵）.

A.anotherB.theother

53.Somelikephysics,____likechemistry.

A.theothersB.others

54.Hehasfourbrothers.OneisinBeijing,but____areinNanjing.

A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.theothers

55.Ihavefivecolourpencils.Oneisred,anotherisblueand____green.

A.otherB.theotherC.othersD.theothers

56.Idon'tthinkthisisagoodidea.Hasheany____suggestion（建議）?

A.oneB.anotherC.otherD.theother

57.Thesecupsareours.Thoseare____.

A.othersB.others，C.other，sD.others*s

58.Thecoatistoobig.Pleaseshowme____.

A.otherB.another

59.Have____,please!

A.theothercupofteaB.anothercupoftea

60.Theyaretalking____.

A.eachotherB.oneanother

C.onetoanotherD.toeachother

61.Joandancesbetterthan____intheschool.

A.anygirlB.anyothergirl

C.somegirlD.someothergirl

62.Wehaveonly____ticketsleft.

A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle

63.NotallworkersgohomeonSaturday;____stillstayinthefactory.

A.afewB.fewC.noneD.alittle

64.Alotofpeoplehavetried,but____havesucceeded（成功）.

A.thefewB.fewC.someD.afew

65.Hesays____butdoesmuch.

A.fewB.alittleC.littleD.afew

66.Hurryup!Wehaveonly____timeleft.

A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle

67.Fredeats____bread.

A.toomanyB.somuchC.fewerD.somany

68.How____isthatfish?

A.manyB.muchC.moreD.most

69.Trytomakeas____mistakesaspossibleinyourhomework.

A.lessB.littleC.fewD.fewer

70.Quite____peoplecametothepartythoughitwasraininghard.

A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle

二.it的用法

1.用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到的事情。

Thisbikeisnotmine.It'sPeter's.

2.用以代替提示代詞this,that

一Whatisthis?—It'sapen.

—Whosebookisthat?—It'sMike's.

3.起指示代詞的作用，指一個人或事物

—Whoisknockingatthedoor?—It'sme.

—Whoismakingsuchanoise.—Itmustbethechildren.

4.指環(huán)境情況等。

Itwasveryquietatthemoment.

5.指時間，季節(jié)，天氣，氣候等

一Whattimeisit?—Itiseighto'clock.

Itoftenrainsinsummer.

6.指距離

Itisfivekilometersfromtheofficetomyhome.

7.作形式主語

當動詞不定式，動名詞或從句作主語時，通常把它們放在謂語之后，而用it作句子的形式

主語

Itisnoteasytofinishtheworkintwodays.

Itisnousecryingoversplitmilk.

Itisapitythatyoudidn'treadthebook..

It作形式主語的常見句型：

1.代作主語的動詞不定式，其句型為

(1)Itbeadj.(forsb.)todost