高中語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣知識(shí)點(diǎn)

虛擬語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣Wemetinthisroom.陳述語(yǔ)氣DocometothemeetingnextFriday.祈使語(yǔ)氣IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式(verbstructure),用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)(fact)，而只是一種假設(shè)(hypotheses)愿望(wishes)、建議(suggestion)或懷疑(doubt)等等。1.If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句(1)If從句主句與現(xiàn)在相反did（be用were）Would/should/could/might+do與過(guò)去相反had+doneWould/should/could/might+have+done與將來(lái)相反did（be用were）wereto+doshould+doWould/should/could/might）+doIfIwonthelotterynow,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.過(guò)去事實(shí)相反IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.將來(lái)事實(shí)相反2.名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣.Wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：過(guò)去時(shí)(were)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反：had+過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反：would/could/might+Ve.g.:IwishIwereabird.Iwishhehadn‘tdonethat.(do)wishIwouldberichinthefuture.(2)表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣賓語(yǔ)從句中常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞:一個(gè)堅(jiān)持,兩個(gè)命令,三個(gè)建議,四個(gè)要求。即.insist.order,command.advise,suggest,propose.demand,require,request,desireWesuggestedthatTomhavearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent(出席的).Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.未來(lái)：未來(lái)：woulddo未來(lái)：未來(lái)：woulddoIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：如果suggest,insist不表示“建議”或“堅(jiān)持要某人做某事”時(shí)，即它們用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。HispalefacesuggestedthathewasillTheboyinsistedthathewasright.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobey(obey)therules.Heinsistedthatshewas(be)seriouslyillandthatbesent(send)tohospitalsatonce.狀語(yǔ)從句1)asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句asif/asthough(仿佛、好像)引起方式狀語(yǔ)從句，a.一般過(guò)去時(shí)(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)b.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)c.would+do(表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反)Helooksasifhewerehisfather.他看起來(lái)像他的父親。Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.Heseemedasthoughhehadknowneverything.Itlooksasifitwouldbethelastdayforhim.虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型：1 現(xiàn)在：did(were)過(guò)去：haddone 要是…就好了；要是…多好D.weretocome,wouldmeetD.weretocome,wouldmeetIfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!-現(xiàn)在didwouldratherthat 過(guò)去haddone寧愿 未來(lái)didIwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.PractiseIfhehadnotlosthismoney,heDthepianolastweek.A.wouldbuyB.hadbought C.bought D.couldhaveboughtIfweweretobe200yearsold,weCeverything.A.willchange B.canchange C.couldchangeD.changedYouarelate.IfyouBalittleminutesearlier,you__him.came,wouldmeethadcome,wouldhavemetcame,wouldhavemet4.IadvisedthatyouDthejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinishTheworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpayAberaised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcouldMyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthatheCthere.A.notwentB.won'tgoC.notgoD.nottogoTheteacherdemandedthattheexamCbeforeeleven.A.mustfinish B.wouldbefinishedC.befinished D.mustbefinished.ThecommanderorderedthatweCwork.A.mustfinish B.finishedC.shouldfinish D.couldfinish.Jane,spalefacesuggestedthatheBill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis