高中語法虛擬語氣知識點(diǎn)

虛擬語氣英語動詞有三種語氣Wemetinthisroom.陳述語氣DocometothemeetingnextFriday.祈使語氣IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式(verbstructure),用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)(fact)，而只是一種假設(shè)(hypotheses)愿望(wishes)、建議(suggestion)或懷疑(doubt)等等。1.If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句(1)If從句主句與現(xiàn)在相反did（be用were）Would/should/could/might+do與過去相反had+doneWould/should/could/might+have+done與將來相反did（be用were）wereto+doshould+doWould/should/could/might）+doIfIwonthelotterynow,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.過去事實(shí)相反IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.將來事實(shí)相反2.名詞性從句的虛擬語氣.Wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：過去時(shí)(were)與過去事實(shí)相反：had+過去分詞與將來事實(shí)相反：would/could/might+Ve.g.:IwishIwereabird.Iwishhehadn‘tdonethat.(do)wishIwouldberichinthefuture.(2)表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語氣賓語從句中常見動詞:一個(gè)堅(jiān)持,兩個(gè)命令,三個(gè)建議,四個(gè)要求。即.insist.order,command.advise,suggest,propose.demand,require,request,desireWesuggestedthatTomhavearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent(出席的).Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.未來：未來：woulddo未來：未來：woulddoIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：如果suggest,insist不表示“建議”或“堅(jiān)持要某人做某事”時(shí)，即它們用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)，賓語從句用陳述語氣。HispalefacesuggestedthathewasillTheboyinsistedthathewasright.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobey(obey)therules.Heinsistedthatshewas(be)seriouslyillandthatbesent(send)tohospitalsatonce.狀語從句1)asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句asif/asthough(仿佛、好像)引起方式狀語從句，a.一般過去時(shí)(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)b.過去完成時(shí)(表示與過去事實(shí)相反)c.would+do(表示與將來事實(shí)相反)Helooksasifhewerehisfather.他看起來像他的父親。Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.Heseemedasthoughhehadknowneverything.Itlooksasifitwouldbethelastdayforhim.虛擬語氣特殊句型：1 現(xiàn)在：did(were)過去：haddone 要是…就好了；要是…多好D.weretocome,wouldmeetD.weretocome,wouldmeetIfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!-現(xiàn)在didwouldratherthat 過去haddone寧愿 未來didIwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.PractiseIfhehadnotlosthismoney,heDthepianolastweek.A.wouldbuyB.hadbought C.bought D.couldhaveboughtIfweweretobe200yearsold,weCeverything.A.willchange B.canchange C.couldchangeD.changedYouarelate.IfyouBalittleminutesearlier,you__him.came,wouldmeethadcome,wouldhavemetcame,wouldhavemet4.IadvisedthatyouDthejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinishTheworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpayAberaised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcouldMyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthatheCthere.A.notwentB.won'tgoC.notgoD.nottogoTheteacherdemandedthattheexamCbeforeeleven.A.mustfinish B.wouldbefinishedC.befinished D.mustbefinished.ThecommanderorderedthatweCwork.A.mustfinish B.finishedC.shouldfinish D.couldfinish.Jane,spalefacesuggestedthatheBill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis