美英報刊文章閱讀課程期末復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)

一、課程說明：本課程采用的文字教材為《美英報刊文章閱讀》，由單元，30課書組成。考慮到該課程教學(xué)時數(shù)的限制和教材本身所含的信息量大,學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)可能偏重等因素,特規(guī)定以下15課為必學(xué)內(nèi)容。這15內(nèi)容在18周內(nèi)完成平均每周1課,余下的三周用作期末復(fù)習(xí)15課必學(xué)內(nèi)容為Lessons1,3,4,5,6,8,13,17,19，20，21,24,28,30。其余內(nèi)容供學(xué)生自學(xué).二、課程性質(zhì)：本課程屬于中央電大的統(tǒng)設(shè)課,省管選課.三、閱讀美英報刊必須打好下列兩項基本功：1

新聞詞語：新聞?wù)Z言與我國學(xué)生在中學(xué)和大學(xué)低年級所學(xué)課文的規(guī)范語言不完全相同。學(xué)生們以前所學(xué)的內(nèi)容大多是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)和人生哲理的一些小故事，對新聞?wù)Z言很陌生，詞義面也窄，一見到race,juice,measure,Speaker,gunship,establishment,takeafishing,highprofile,wet,Heblinked和I’mafamilyman就容易本能地分別認(rèn)為是“跑”、競賽、“汁、“措施”、發(fā)言人、“炮艦、建立”、“步”、去釣魚”、高姿態(tài)”、干”、“濕、“他眨眼睛了和“我是一個有家室的人”；而在時事英文中，這些詞語很可能分別為“競選”、競選”“通”、議案”、議長”“武裝直升機(jī)、“權(quán)勢集團(tuán)”、退黨”、“與黨離心離德、“引人注目或公開的”、英國保守黨中的硬派”、溫和派”、“頂不住而退讓了”和“是一個治家有方、治國（或治州、治市）有道的人”等詞義。由此可見，初學(xué)者必須拓寬詞義，逐漸掌握一定數(shù)量的新聞詞語，尤其要注意一詞多義，不能一見到culture,challenge,story等就想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為只是“文化”、“挑戰(zhàn)”、“資源和“故事”的詞義。2

國際知識：學(xué)英語不能僅僅局限于學(xué)語言，還要注意積累各方面的知識，有了比較廣泛的知識，才能收到更好的學(xué)習(xí)效果。美英報刊涉及的面極廣，政治、

軍事、外交、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、教育等內(nèi)容無所不包。如不了解背景，有些詞語和文章就難以理解。如看到Afghanistan’s，就只知道是“阿富汗主義”，至于什么是阿富汗主義，就知之甚少了，更不知道為什么多數(shù)美國總統(tǒng)推行“寧管天邊亂，不聞眼前事的政策或主張。實際上，Afghanistanism是“重外交、輕內(nèi)政的政策或作法，因為國內(nèi)問題往往積重難返，見效慢，而外交問題舉世矚目，易出風(fēng)頭，在選民中易得分，以利他們競選連任?！?11”事件后，美國對阿動武，推翻了塔利班政權(quán)，該詞詞義今后或許會有所變化。業(yè)：教材中的作業(yè)：該教材共分8單，每兩個單元的練習(xí)為一次作業(yè)，共4作業(yè)。每次作業(yè)的內(nèi)容不得少于12問答題。四、考核、考試：《美英報刊文章閱讀》課程的考核包括形成性考核和終結(jié)性考試1形成性考核：《美英報刊文章閱讀》課程形成性考核占課程總成績的30%,績根據(jù)學(xué)生完成作業(yè)的情況,在課堂上的綜合表現(xiàn)以及參加小組活動和其他學(xué)習(xí)中心組織的活動的情況綜合而定。每學(xué)期至少布置四次作業(yè)要求學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成,為形成性考核成績的主要依據(jù)。2終結(jié)性考試：本課程的終結(jié)性考試占課程總成績的試按教學(xué)大綱的要求進(jìn)行由中央電大統(tǒng)一命題?？荚噧?nèi)容應(yīng)緊密結(jié)合所學(xué)教材點(diǎn)考核學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力。本課程的考試按教學(xué)大綱的要求進(jìn)行,教材中的內(nèi)容占50%閉卷,120分鐘。五、試題類型及分值:PartOne:TranslatethefollowingintoChinese(40%)PartTwo:Choosetherightanswertoeachquestion(30%)PartThree:Answerthefollowingquestions(30%)考試由3文章組成主要測試對其中關(guān)鍵詞及詞組的準(zhǔn)確理解;某些較長句子的翻譯;回答問題檢驗是否讀懂整篇文章.：以下共有文章供復(fù)習(xí).PartA;

BestTrue,themajoritystillmortarinstitutions(1)andallthattypicallycomeswiththem,fromivy-coveredbuildingstochancewith(2)andprofessorsbetweenYetofpeoplearepursuingadvanceddegreeswithoutontocampus.Whythehuge(3)ofinlearningrevolutionpartofTheWebnowaformerlymissingindistancecommunicationbetweenstudentsinstructors,andamongInaddition,fordistancecoursesburgeoned(5)tooftheinformation-based"To(workers)needtokeeplearning,"KayKohl,executivedirectorofContinuingAssociation.Thistrendtoolderpoolgraduate:cationisafitfortheseworkingadults,offinditdifficultskipachild'slessonfightrush-hourtrafficgetcampusforclass.peopleturntodistanceeducation,adebateflaredwhetheritbeagoodsubstituteforinstruction.(8)Russell,authorof1999titledNoDifferencePhenomenon"whichthan350studiesdistance-learningprograms,thatmodesofasfarasconcerned.distanceedisthesuperiorthatdiscussionsbetweenstudentprofessor,andamongpeers,sheexperiencedintwoon-campusmaster'sprogramspreviouslyattended.vehementlydisagreeRussell'spointof"Idon'tthinkyougetanyeducationtheDavidNoble,ahistoriantechnologyYorkUniversityin"arelationshipaofidentityformation,validation,inspiration.Thistoface(10)".advocatesthatisn'tforeveryone---thatitself-discipline,andlotofmotivationFurther,qualityuneven."AmajorityofuniversitieshavethemarketrapidlyarenotwellVickyPhillips,"StudentsrunofThusit'simportantanarrayoffactorsaprogramhistory,field,theandsentencesinthe..11.AnswerquestionsinWhyareinstitutionsengagingindistancethoughtofschoolsWilldistancesubstitutetraditionaleducationExplain.What'stheoflearningWhatareyouyouchoosea

PartB:KillingintheofGodHowfaithsuch(1)hundredsofofUgandancult,(2)theMovementtheRestorationofTenofinwhatfirstappearedtobesuicidalfireinthevillagetwoweeks153bodiesburiedausedbycult(3)inBuhunga,25Someothers,oftenchildren,strangled.AuthoritiesbelievetwoofKibwetere,68-year-oldformerRomanCatholiccatechismthein1987,Mwerinde,byaformerclaimedtospeakfortheMary,stillbeandontheThepairtheworldonDec.31,Whendidn'thappen,followerswhodemandedreturnofsurrender(7)onjoiningthecult,maybeensystematicallykilled.TheUgandancarnage(8)focusesonproliferation(9)ofinEastAfrica'scityslums.tofortheStudyofAmericanReligion,whichandsects,are5,000churches(10)inAfrica,somewithlearning.expertssayAfrica'shardshipspeoplehopereligiousthrivesaysBrown,oftheMonitor,in"Peoplethey're(12)toanyonewhoisabletotheirtheysay,AIDS,whichravagedEastAfrica,mayalsoathatapocalyptictakeroot.(14)SomeAfricanstocultsrejectingChristian"Western""non-American".whotoattendaCatholicjoinedJerusalemofof"It'squestion:HowsokillingshaveoutwithoutattentionVillagerswereawareofKibwetere'swhosefollowerscommunicatedmainlythroughlanguage(15)andapprehensiveanyofThereUgandanYoweriMusevenitoldtheBBCintelligenceaboutdangerousofgroupsuppressedbyofficials.Now,therearecallsforgovernmentstomonitorclosely.(16)SaysGillbertOgutu,professorofatofWhencultlosetheybecometheandsentencesinthepassage.Chinese....11.13.15.AnswerquestionsinWhysomanyUgandansdieinfaithWhydopeoplethereseekhope

Whydorejectchurches4)HowcouldmanybeenwithoutattentionPartC:OutofShadowsIntoSpotlightRecenthaveseeninofhiredbycorporations,unions,individualsandspecialwanttoinfluenceactionsoftheWhiteHouse,regulatoryagenciestheseHowdotheytheirHoweffectivetheyLobbying,(2)aasthefromup(3)inofnearbyhotelsbetweenmembersoffavor..(4)Indays,wouldoftenthevoteofpoliticianbysimplyputtingonquicklydevelopedanunsavoryconductedpeople'sbusinessaroundpokerforbeentowiththerightofcitizenspetitioninavarietyofbutlawyers,trade-associationrepresentativespublicrelationsthefield.(8)Aoflobbyistsservedinincludesthan300formermemberofWhitefirmsinallsizes.everylobbyingfirmbusinessoutofadowntownthereareoftinyoperations(9)thatdealinBrandofhissmall"canlotefficientthesomealwaysintheLobbyingmoney.Ahighpoweredorganizationwillanof$200,000Toputpremiumon(11)someincludeWithmillionsevenbillionsofdollarsoninbillsbeforeCongress,runhigh.(12)oftensotoastooutwhatgoingoninthataffectaadrivetotoonofthroughtelephonevisitshaveimpact.(13)Lobbyingatwo-waytheyarenottryingtoswaytheviewsofcampaignforthoseLobbyists,likemembersofmosthavetheirintramuralquarrels..(15)Wherelobbyistsusedtoavoidnotorietyandpreferredtoworkbehindscenes,(16)manyausefultool.Watergateputtoallgamesplayed,theycameofcloset.WhetherorinlobbyiststocontinueexertingpowerfulinfluenceasWashington.(19)A)sentencesinthepassage...9.10.

8.B)AnswerinEnglish:1)Wholobbyistsusually2)WhatisthebetweenlobbyistslegislatorsWhydoofformerseniorofficialschoosetheirprofession4)HowdolobbyistsearnpayHoweffectivearePartD:JudgeSeesinLosAlamosByWalterPincusWashingtonPostWASHINGTON---------ByblaminginWashingtoninafederalinNewMexicohasquestionsthetowhichpoliciesagainsttheweaponsscientist.Thejudgequestionedmanner"(2)whichMr.beeninoforiginalchargesandunexplainedWhiteHousebeforeindictment.(3)TheimplicationthecriticismonWednesdaybyofDistrictwasbelievedwerebyprincipalattemptprotectnational(5)"DrItellyouwithsadnessthatIledastray(6)byexecutiveofgovernment"JudgeParkersaidinacourtroomwithfamilyThejudge'sunusualoffroundoffinger-pointingGeneralReno,FBIdirector,LouisFreeh,andBilltheirofcase,notingMr.Leehadadmittedtodownloadingdatafromthe(9)computeratAlamostoportableofwhichThearrestoftheAlamosindictmenton59countsofsecrets,inachargedatmosphere(10)thataccusationsbytheadministrationnotaggressivelyofCheyear,aselectbyCox,chargedstoleninformationoneverytheballisticmissiletheheat(11)was.InMay1999,Mrsaidontelevision:"Withoutquestion,becausehavenotapprehendedpeoplehavebeenabletolabsperiodofhavetostillthere."toaJusticeofficial,decisiontobringindictmentbasedonscientistsonthe"clandestinepattern"MrLee'sWhenelementshave,,heseemed(12)hesaid.jailed,Mr.Leewasplacedinsolitaryconfinement.Thatdrewheatedfromthejudge."We'retheonsaidaseniorofficialin

case."lifedifficultsothathewouldtelluswhytookhehadthem,"theofficialsaid.BothEnergytookwith(15)implicationthatpoliticsinvolvedinprocess,withthesuggestionmeetingbetweenHousepriortowas"Politicsintheequation,"(16)wasinthatmeeting.Theprimaryhesaid,"havegivenprosecutorsenoughwiggleroomthatcouldthetotrialwithoutcompromisinginformation."ArlenSpecterhewouldtoJusticeDepartmentofficials"makefortheirblundersunfairlythrowingthebookatDrthecommittee'sDemocratLeahysaid"urgepastcongressionalonChinesehavebeenlargelytofor(18)mistakesinprosecution.Aissue,"heis:"Didcongressionalpressurepushthegovernmentindictquicklytoosoonontarget"theandsentencesinthepassage.Chinese..7.B)AnswerinEnglish:1)Whodecision-makersthe2)WhatthefactorshavecausedMr.Leeof3)DidJusticeinquestionwithwhatParker4)WhoistointhecasePartE:TheRichelectedTheHouseofwhichitselfHouse."hasbeenturningintoaman'sThenewlyelectedin1984almostfourasthelawmakerselectedonlybefore,accordingtoanewbasedthemembers'financialreports.Behindswing(1),aretwomaincourtdecisionthatlimitswhatcandidatesgivetotheirowncampaigns,andtheenormousintheofpursuingainaitdifficultofmodestmeans,particularlywomen,tochallengetooffice(4)theauthorcontend,isasystemofpublicfinancingcampaigns,butinnothepoliticalrulesanytimelowerchambergrowingclass,"Green,ofpublicpolicyinstituteinYork."ButfromaofHouseofthediversityofour

ItestablishesdefactopropertyforofficethatlowmiddleincomeneednotMembersofmustassetsintheinstudyarenotprecise.Butminimumofthe43lawmakersfirstlastwas$251,292.the74membersaverageofonly$41,358inWithinflationin,was400inrealThereasontheMrGreenmaintains,istheSupremedecisionof1976caseofBuckleyValeo.InthatCourtthatlimitsmandatedbyCongressamountcould