肇慶市2022屆高中畢業(yè)班第三次教學質量檢測英語試卷

保密★啟用前肇慶市2022屆高中畢業(yè)班第三次教學質量檢測英語2022.3注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAmazingTrainJourneysTheBeijingtoLhasaExpress,ChinaDepartsdaily;Distance-2,330miles;Duration-40hoursLinkingtheroyalwondersofBeijingwiththedreamlikepalacesofLhasa,theZ21traintravelsfromthemodernityofurbanChinatoaonce-remoteland.Runningwestward,thetrainclimbsnearly16,400ft(5,000m)onitsjourneytotheroofoftheworld:theTibetanPlateau.LondontoFortWilliamontheCaledonianSleeper,UKDepartsdaily;Distance-509miles;Duration-13hours30minutesThisovernighttrainjourneyisfilledwiththeromanceofrailtravel.It'sjustapitythatthewholeexperience-fromdining-carchattingandlightbeer,tobeingcarriedintoala-lalandbytherhythmoftherailsandwakingtobedsideviewsoftoweringpeaks-feelslikeit'soverinaflash.Thoughitmaybeshort,theCaledonianissurelyBritain'sbesttrainride.TazaraRailway,TanzaniaandZambiaDepartstwiceaweek;Distance-1,160miles;Duration-46hoursFewtrainsofferthechanceofspottingbiggamefromyourseat,buttheTazaraRailwaydoesexactlythat.Formany,thehighlightisneitherthescenerynorthewildlife,though;it'sthechancetospendtwodayswatchingeverydaylifeoutofthewindow,andenjoyingthecrowdsandchaoswhenthetrainpullstoastop.Perurail'sLakeTiticacaRailway,PeruDepartstwiceaweek;Distance-241miles;Duration-10hoursTravelingacrosstheAltiplano,fromtheshoresofLakeTiticacatothebeatingheartoftheIncacapital,therailwayfromPunotoCuzcocutsapicturesquepaththroughthesnow-dustedpeaksandfantasticvalleysoftheAndes.Passengerscanenjoythelandscapefromanopen-airobservatorycar,astheytravelthroughremotetownsandvillages.1.Whatdothefirsttwotrainjourneyshaveincommon?A.Theymakeweeklydeparture.B.Theyareoverathousandmiles.C.Theytraveltohighlands.D.Theyarethelongesttrainridesnationwide.2.Onwhichjourneycanpassengerswatchpeople'sdailylifeoutsidethetrain?A.TazaraRailway.B.TheBeijingtoLhasaExpress.C.Perurail'sLakeTiticacaRailway.D.LondontoFortWilliamontheCaledonianSleeper.3.WhatcanpassengersdoonPerurail'sLakeTiticacaRailway?A.TravelaroundLakeTiticaca.B.Admiretheviewintheopenair.C.Gothroughtwocountriesonajourney.D.Haveadeepunderstandingoftownsandvillages.BAhungrybadger（獾）searchingforfoodseemstohaveuncoveredwhatturnedouttobehundredsofRomancoinsinaSpanishcave,accordingtoanewstudy.Archaeologists（考古學家）firstdiscoveredseveralcoinslayingonthegroundattheentrancetoasmallcaveinthewoodlandsoutsideGradoinnorthernSpaininApril2021.Theresearcherssuspectthatthecoinswereunearthedbyabadgerfromanearbyden（獸窩）afteraheavysnowwhichmadeitharderforanimalstofindfood.Thehungrybadgerprobablygotintothecavelookingforfoodbutcameacrossthecoinsinstead.Afterfullyexploringthecave,researcherscollected209coinsdatingtobetweenthethirdandfifthcenturiesA.D.“Todate,thisisthelargestamountofRomancoinsfoundinacaveinnorthernSpain,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Theydescribedthediscoveryasan“exceptionalfind”.Inthelate1930s,acollectionof14goldRomancoins,knownastheChapipitreasure,wasalsofoundinthesamewoodlands.Theresearchersbelievethatlocalpeoplemayhaveburiedtheircoinstokeepthemsafeduringaperiodofintensepoliticalinstabilityintheregion.Themostrecentcoininthenewly-discoveredGradocollectiondatestoA.D.430,whichwasaftertheSuebi-agroupofGermanicpeopleoriginallyfrommodern-dayGermanyandtheCzechRepublic-pushedtheRomansoutofSpaininA.D.409,accordingtoElPais.Theresearcherssuspectthatthenewly-discoveredcoinsarepartofavastertreasureandwillreturntothecaveforfurtherexplorationtolookformorecoinsandevidencethatthecavemayalsohavebeenthehomeofdisplacedRomanpeople.“Wewanttoknowifitwasaone-offhidingplace,oriftherewasagroupofhumanslivingthere,”leadresearcherAlfonsoFanjulPerazatoldElPais.4.Wheredidtheresearchersfindthefirstfewcoinsin2021?A.NearaSpanishcave. B.OnaSpanishplayground.C.Attheentrancetoawoodland. D.Inabadger'sden.5.Whatdotheresearchersthinkofthediscoveryin2021?A.It'sdangerous. B.It'stimely.C.It'smeaningless. D.It'sunusual.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”refertoinParagraph4?A.TheRomans. B.Thecoins.C.Thewoodlands. D.Theresearchers.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Moreinformationmayberevealedbythecoins.B.TheancientRomanpeoplehadauniquelifestyle.C.Theresearchersdoubttheformerguessofthecoins.D.TheresearcherswillreturnthecoinstotheRomanpeople.CIt'sanattractiveidea:byplayingonlineproblem-solving,matchingandothergamesforafewminutesaday,peoplecanimprovesuchmentalabilitiesasreasoning,verbalskills（語言能力）andmemory.Butwhetherthesegamesdeliveronthosepromisesisupfordebate.“Foreverystudythatfindssomeevidence,there'sanequalnumberofpapersthatfindnoevidence，”saysBobbyStojanoski，acognitive（認知的）psychologistatWesternUniversityinOntario.Recently,inperhapsthebiggestreal-worldstudyoftheseprograms,Stojanoskiandhisteamfound8,563volunteers.First,participantsfilledoutanonlinequestionnaireabouttheirtraininghabitsandwhich,ifany,programtheyused.Some1,009participantsreportedusingbraintrainingprogramsforabouteightmonthsonaverage,thoughdurationsrangedfromtwoweekstomorethanfiveyears.Next,thevolunteerscompleted12cognitivetestsassessingmemory,reasoningandverbalskills.Theyfacedmemoryexercises,spatialreasoningtasks,pattern-findingpuzzlesandstrategychallenges.Whenresearcherslookedattheresults,theysawthatbraintrainersonaveragehadnomentaledgeovertheothergroupinmemory,verbalskillsandreasoning.Evenamongthosewhohadusedtrainingprogramsforatleast18months,braintrainingdidn'tboostthinkingabilitiesabovethelevelofpeoplewhodidn'tusetheprograms.“Nomatterhowweslicedthedata,wewereunabletofindanytestimonythatbraintrainingwasassociatedwithcognitiveabilities,”saysStojanoski.Thatheldtruewhethertheteamanalyzedparticipantsbyage,programused,educationorsocioeconomicstatus（地位）-allwerecognitivelysimilartothegroupwhodidn’tusetheprograms.“Braintrainingmaybebeneficialinspecificsituations,butrealworldmaybethebestbraintrainer,”saysElizabethStine-Morrow,acognitiveagingscientistattheUniversityofIllinois.Whileit'spossibletoimprovementalabilities,Stine-Morrowadvocatespracticingthoseskillsindifferentreal-lifesituations,“That'samuchbetteruseofone'stimethansittingatacomputeranddoinglittletasks.”8.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofmemory. B.Thedarksideofonlinegames.C.Theeffectofbraintraininggames. D.Thewaytoimprovementalabilities.9.Whatwerethevolunteersaskedtodointhefirstpartofthestudy?A.Reporttheirdailyhabits. B.Takesomememorytests.C.Receivesomeonlinetraining. D.Completeaquestionnaire.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“testimony”meaninParagraph4?A.Enhancement. B.Evidence. C.Solution. D.Trouble.11.WhatdoesStine-Morrowsayaboutmentalabilities?A.Theyneedtobetrainedregularly.B.They'llbeharmedbyusingcomputers.C.Theymaychangeindifferentsituations.D.They'llbeimprovedthroughreal-lifetasks.DTotackletheproblemoftinyplasticspollutingwaterways,chemistsintheCzechRepublicarethinkingsmall.Theirbrainchildisanewmicrorobotwhichisnobiggerthanthetipofasharpenedpencil.Whensunlighthitsthem,theyproducechemicalreactionsthatpushthemthroughwaterinaspecificdirection.Whentheyfindapieceofplastic,theysticktoitandstarttobreakitdown.ChemistMartinPumeraattheCzechUniversityledtheproject.Adecadeago,hechosetofocusontheproblemposedbymicroplastics.They'reeverywhere-fromthebottomoftheoceantoairblowingontoiceatopmountains.They'veturnedupindrinkingwater.Somestudiesestimatethatbillionsofpiecesofplasticendupintheworld'swaters.Theplastichasmanysources,fromshoppingbagstowashingandcleaningwipes.Inlabexperiments,thestar-shapedswimmersstuckontoeachoffourdifferenttypesofplastic.Andafteraweekexposedtolight,therobotshadreducedtheweightoftheplastics.Itwasn'tmuch-onlybypercent.Butthatwasanindicationthattheywerebreakingtheplasticdown.Theyalsocausedthesurfaceoftheplastictochangefromsmoothtorough.That'sanothersignthattherobotsweredegrading（分解）it.Thenewstudyisaproofofconcepttype.Thatmeansitshowssomethingcanbedonesuccessfully.Infact,Pumerasaystheystillhavealongwaytogo.Therearemanytypesofplastics.Andeventhesemicrorobotsareunlikelytosucceedindegradingthemall.Theresearchersalsohavenotyetshownhowsafethissystemisfortheenvironment,althoughPumerasaysthat'stheirnextgoal.Thefirstreal-worldtestwillbeinawastewater-treatmentplant.“Indeed,”saysoneresearcher.“We’llneedalotoftestingtoshowthatthey'resafeinopenwaterways,suchasatsea.”12.Themicrorobotsarepoweredby A.water B.sunlight C.plastics D.pencils13.WhatdoestheauthorfocusoninParagraph2?A.ThepurposeofPumera'sproject.B.Thepreciousnessofdrinkingwater.C.Theseriousnessofplasticpollution.D.Theworkingprincipleofthemicrorobots.14.Whatshowstheeffectivenessofthemicrorobotsinlabexperiments?A.Theweightlossoftheplastics.B.Thedisappearanceoftheplastics.C.Theshapechangeofthemicrorobots.D.Theimprovementinthepurityofwater.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WaystoObtainCleanerDrinkingWaterB.MicrorobotsInventedtoTreatWastewaterC.NewHopefortheSolutiontoPlasticPollutionD.TechnologyWidelyAppliedinEnvironmentProtection第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。IfyouhavewatchedtheamazingBeijing2022WinterOlympics,chancesarethatyouhavefalleninlovewithsomewintersportsandyou'realreadymakingsureyourequipmentisreadyforthem.16However,there'sanotherelementtogetreadyfortheslopes（坡）-yourbody.Evenifyouexerciseregularly，skiing，snowshoeingorskatingchallengesyourmusclesinwaysotheractivitiesdon't. 17Yourmetabolism（新陳代謝）increasestowarmyouup．Yourheartandlungsalsoneedtoworkhardertowarmairbeforeitentersyourbody.Dependingonthesport,certainmusclesmayalsobeusedmorefrequentlycomparedtoactivitiesinotherseasons.Thegoodnewsisthatmostwintersportsinvolveheartendurance（耐力），musclestrengthandmuscleendurance. 18 Buttherearestillsomeotherthingstothinkabout.Skiingandsnowboardingaregreatwintersportsthatprovideatotalbodyworkout.19 Asanyonewhohasspenttimeskiingorsnowboardingcanprove,afteralongdayontheslopes,thebodybecomesextremelytired.20Toavoidthis,youneedtotakesometimetostrengthenyourbodyandimproveendurance.Beforethewinterseason,aregularexerciseprogramshouldincludeexercisesthatgetthebloodrunningwhilechallengingtheentirebody,suchasstairclimbingorrunning.Theintensityshouldvaryfrom20-45minutesatleast3to5daysaweek.Aswinternears,addingacardio（有氧的）workoutlongerindurationbutlowerinintensitycanhelpincreaseendurance.A.Maybeyouhaven'tboughtalltheequipment.B.Andthatiswheninjuriesaremorelikelytooccur.C.Exercisinginthecolddecreasesyourbodytemperature.D.Youshouldtakeadvantageofthisopportunitytohavearest.E.Probably,youhavegotyourskistunedandskatessharpened.F.Allofthemareareasthatcanbetrainedbeforethewinterseason.G.However,itcanbehardonthebodythefirsttimeyouhittheslopes.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Standinginthestore,Ilookedatthepaintingsuppliesexcitedly.“Areyousurethesearewhatyouwantforyourbirthday?”myhusbandasked21.“I'mverysure.Ireallywanttogiveita 22,”Ireplied.Iwassmilingwith23.Helookedatmehesitantlyand24hishead. 25,thiswasasecretI'dkeptforawhile.Everyday,myhusbandwenttowork.I'dlookaftermyson,cleanthehouseandpreparedinner.IthadbeenadecadesinceItookanytimetopursuemyown26．Ihadbecomeadrudge（苦工）．Iwantedexcitementandcreativeexpression,butmostlyIwantedcolors.SoI27 themostinterestingsupplies.“Ihaveafeelingthatyou'regoingtoputalltheseinatoolboxandnever 28 themagain,”myhusbandsaid.Forthefirstmonth,hewas29.Iputthesuppliesintoatoolbox.Iadmiredthemeveryday,butIcouldn'tseemtofindthetimetostartpainting.Ifoundonereasonoranothernotto30.Oneday,whenmysoncaughtme 31 thetoolboxagain,heaskedcuriously,“Mommy,whenareyougoingto32?”“No33daythantoday,”Iannouncedandbroughtoutallthematerials.Fromthenon,myhouseseemedtoneverbeperfectlyclean,butmylifewasfullof34.Mostimportantly,Inolongerfeltlikeadrudge.Ihadanew35.21.A.pleasantly B.anxiously C.awkwardly D.doubtfully22.A.break B.go C.miss D.look23.A.expectation B.shame C.agreement D.pride24.A.covered B.bowed C.hit D.shook25.A.Luckily B.Generally C.Frankly D.Strangely26.A.rights B.hobbies C.education D.position27.A.selected B.admired C.created D.collected28.A.buy B.like C.touch D.fix29.A.tolerant B.wise C.supportive D.correct30.A.fear B.start C.refuse D.dream31.A.workingat B.lookingfor C.staringat D.payingfor32.A.quit B.remember C.succeed D.paint33.A.busier B.better C.tougher D.bigger34.A.sufferings B.achievements C.colors D.chances35.A.purpose B.memory C.occupation D.challenge第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。DishaFlorenceneverthoughtshewouldbecomeawebnovelwriter.TheladyfromBangladesh,wastryingtofindawaytofreeherselffromtherestrictionsfacedbyawoman,36wishshehashadsinceshewas8.Itwasthenthatsheobservedthatbeingagirl37(mean)shecouldn'tplayintheparklikeboys,andthatsheneededtolearntodohousework.Asshegrewup,sherealizedthat 38 experienceandknowledge,it'simpossibletobefree.Therefore,while 39 (continue)herstudy,Florenceworkedasavolunteer,goingtoplacesandmeetingpeoplewithorwithoutherparents'40(permit).Herfathertoldher,“Youneedtomakeyourownmoneytodoasyouwish.”Florencefoundthisadvice41(logic),butdidn'tknowwhattodo.At22,shenoticedontheChinesereadingappWebnovelthatthewebsitewashiringauthorswho42(say)tobeabletomakemuchmoney.Withoutthinking 43 (far),Florencestartedwritingandbecameaprofessionalwebnovelist. 44(inspire)bypopularChinese“CEOnovels"ontheapp,Florencewroteherfirstbook.Thisstoryaboutself-respectandself-love, 45charactersareChinese,issetinEurope.NowFlorencehasabout164,200readersonWebnovelandisworkingonanothertwobooks.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，你的美術老師Ms.Zhou將舉辦在線講座，介紹四幅中國名畫和中國畫的創(chuàng)作技巧。請給你的英國朋友Thomas寫一封郵件，邀請他觀看，內容包括：1．講座內容；2．邀請理由；3．時間和觀看方式。注意：1．寫作詞數應為80左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearThomas,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文?！癇esuretohangthedecorationshigh,”saidPolly,mystepmom.“Jakemightmistakethecolorfulglassballsforhistoysandtrytobitethem.”Jakew