Day-2-2021年中考英語考前搶分練之閱讀理解專練(廣州專用)

Day2AAllovertheworld,thousandsofanimalsareusedforwildlifetourism.Peopletraveltowatchmonkeyshows,hugbabytigersandswimwithdolphins.Itmightlooklikefun,buttherearereportsthatanimalsarehurtnowandagain.TheWorldAnimalProtection（WAP）saysthatupto550,000wildanimalsareexposed（暴露）toilltreatmentaroundtheworld;inCambodia,forexample,it’sbeenreportedthatelephantshavediedaftercarryingtouristsforlonginhotweather.Thisisgettingattention—over100travelcompanieshavepromisedthattheywillnolongeropenupsuchplaces.However,somepeoplearguethatanimaltourismisn'talwaysasbadasitseems.Sowhatdoyouthink?GroupYesGroupNo?Animalsweren'tputonthisplanetforenjoyment.Theyshouldbefreetoliveastheychoose.?Thewayanimalsaretreatedisoftencruelandcausesmuchpain.Eveniftreatedwell,theycannotactinthesamewayastheywouldinthewild.?Wedon'tneedwildlifetourism.WecanseeanimalscloseupintheirnaturalhomeinTVprograms.There'snoneedtodisturb（打擾）theminreallife.?Itisenjoyableandeducationalforpeopletocommunicatewiththewonderfulanimals.Themorepeopleknowaboutthem,themoretheywanttoprotectthem.?Wildlifetourismbringsmoneytopoorareaandmaybetheonlywayforsomepeopletomakealiving.?Notallanimalsaretreatedbadly.Someendangeredanimalsareundertheprotectionofprogramsthatlookafterrarespecies（稀有物種）.1．Theunderlinedwords“suchplaces”referto（指）theplacesfor______.A．foreigntravelers B．sickelephantsC．wildlifeprotection D．a(chǎn)nimaltourism2．Whatopiniondothetwogroupshaveincommon?A．Animalscanlivewherevertheylike.B．Wildlifeshouldbeprotected.C．Animaltourismsupportspoorpeople.D．Wildlifeiswelllookedafter.3．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Waysofprotectingrarespecies.B．Differentopinionsonwildlifetourism.C．Howtobringtouristsenjoyment.D．Whethertocollectinformationonwildlife.【答案】1．D2．B3．B【分析】本文是一篇議論文，主要講述野生動(dòng)物旅游業(yè)給野生動(dòng)物造成的影響以及針對(duì)是否要發(fā)展野生動(dòng)物旅游業(yè)給出的兩種觀點(diǎn)。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“over100travelcompanieshavepromisedthattheywillnolongeropenupsuchplaces”及“However,somepeoplearguethatanimaltourismisn'talwaysasbadasitseems.”可知，一些旅游公司承諾不再開放這樣的地方，然而一些人認(rèn)為動(dòng)物旅游業(yè)并不總是糟糕的；故劃線部分suchplaces指代的是下文中提到的“動(dòng)物旅游業(yè)場所”。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thewayanimalsaretreatedisoftencruelandcausesmuchpain.…”及“Themorepeopleknowaboutthem,themoretheywanttoprotectthem.”可知，第一組提到野生動(dòng)物遭到的殘酷對(duì)待，引申到野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)；第二組同樣提到了人們保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的話題。故選B。3．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“GroupYes”及“GroupNo”可知，文章就是否開展野生動(dòng)物旅游業(yè)給出了兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)，并為此給出理由并展開討論。故選B。BWhat’saspacewalk?Anytimeanastronautgetsoutofaspacecraftwhileinspace,itiscalledaspacewalk.Astronautsgoonspacewalksformanyreasons.Forexample,experimentscanbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft.Thisletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffectsdifferentthings.Bygoingonspacewalks,astronautscanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthembacktotheearthtofix.Whenastronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.Insidespacesuits,astronautshavetheoxygentheyneedtobreatheandthewatertheyneedtodrink.Tokeeptheastronautsandthespacecraftsafe,theastronautsmustleaveandgobacktothespacecraftthroughaspecialdoor.Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft.Tethersarelikeropes,connectthespacewalkerswiththespacecraft.Theykeepastronautsfromfloatingawayintospace.AnotherwayastronautsstaysafeduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER.SAFERiswornlikeabackpack.Ithelpsanastronautmovearoundinspace.Howdoastronautstrainforspacewalks?Onewayisbygoingforaswim.Floatinginspaceisalotlikefloatinginwater.Astronautspracticespacewalksunderwaterinahugespecialswimmingpool.Foreveryonehourtheywillspendonaspacewalk,astronautsneedtotrainsevenhoursinthepool.Anotherwayastronautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality.Itlooksandfeelsjustlikeaspacewalk.Today,onlythreecountrieshavefinishedspacewalksindependently.TheyareRussia,theUnitedStatesandChina.ThefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworldwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia.ZhaiZhigangisthefirstChineseastronauttogoonaspacewalk.TheworldrecordofspacewalksisheldbyRussianastronautAnatolySolovyev.Hehasbeenon16spacewalksandspentmorethan82hoursoutsideinspace.4．Aboutthespacewalk,wecanknow________.A．somethingscanbefixedbyastronautsduringspacewalksB．a(chǎn)llexperimentsmustbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraftC．a(chǎn)nastronautcangetoutofaspacecraftanytimewhileinspaceD．a(chǎn)spacewalkletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffectsdifferentthings5．Howmanywaystokeeptheastronautssafeduringspacewalks?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.6．Astronautstrainforspacewalksby________.A．floatinginspaceB．usingvirtualrealityC．goingonspacewalksoutsideaspacecraftD．traininginwaterinacommonswimmingpool7．Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTtrue?A．Chinacanfinishaspacewalkindependently.B．Astronautscanbreatheanddrinkinspacesuits.C．AstronautscanmovearoundinspacewiththehelpofSAFER.D．AnatolySolovyevisthefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworld.【答案】4．A5．C6．B7．D【分析】本文主要講述太空漫步，包括什么是太空漫步、太空漫步的原因、太空漫步時(shí)宇航員的安全保障、宇航員如何訓(xùn)練太空漫步以及人類太空漫步的歷史。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Bygoingonspacewalks,astronautscanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthembacktotheearthtofix.”可知，有些東西在太空行走時(shí)可以由宇航員修理，故選A。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“…theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe…Tokeeptheastronautsandthespacecraftsafe,theastronautsmustleaveandgobacktothespacecraftthroughaspecialdoor.Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft…AnotherwayastronautsstaysafeduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER.”可知，宇航員可以穿航天服、通過一個(gè)特別的門離開和返回航天器、用安全繩或者穿艙外活動(dòng)簡便救援裝置來保證安全，共四種方法，故選C。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Anotherwayastronautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality.”可知，宇航員可以通過使用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)練習(xí)太空行走，故選B。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworldwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia.”可知，第一個(gè)太空行走的人是蘇聯(lián)的阿里克謝列昂諾夫，所以選項(xiàng)D是錯(cuò)誤的，故選D。CIt’snosecretthatlaughterworkswondersforus.Andmuchresearchhasbeencarriedout,whichshowsthatlaughterisgoodforourgeneralhealthandwell-beige.Ithasbeenfoundtoreleaseendorphins(釋放安多芬),ourbodiesnatural“feel-good”chemicals,intoourblood.Butaswegrowolder,wearemorelikelytofindfewerthingsfunny.Achildwilllaughonaverage300timesaday.Bythetimewereachadulthood,hisnumberisaround20.Butwhat’sbehindthis?Onetheorysuggeststhatit’snotaproblemoflosingoursenseofhumorbutrather,aswetakethingsabitmoreseriously.Laughterisverymuchsomethingwedowithothers.Studieshaveshownthatweare30timesmorelikelytofindsomethingfunnywhenwearewithothersthanwhenwearebyourselves.Buttolaughwithothers,wedoneedtofeelaconnectiontothem.Weneedtofeelcomfortableintheircompany.That’swhyitcanbedifficulttolaughwithstrangers.Laughterisalsoverycontagiousandoneperson’slaughcanspreadquicklythroughoutagroupofpeople.Butoftenwhatmakesusjoininisthefearofstandingoutandbeingdifferent.Welaugh,evenifwedon’treallygetthejoke,especiallyingroupscontrolledbyapowerfulperson.Whentheheadteachertellsajoke,forexample,youlaugh,eventhoughlateryoumightwonderifthejokewasreallythatfunnyatall.Therearemanydifferentreasonswhywelaugh.Herearethreewidelyacceptedtheories:TheIncongruityTheory:It’softentheunexpectedthatmakesuslaugh.Whenthingsthatwearefamiliarwithsuddenlytakeaturnintotheunknown,ourexpectationsarechallengedandthatoftenresultsinlaughter.TheSuperiorityTheory:Weoftenfindthemistakesandmisfortunesofothersfunny.Thiswouldexplainthepopularityofonlinevideosshowingpranks(惡作劇).TheReliefTheory:Laughofferslightrelief.Itexplainswhytherearesomanyjokesaboutthedarkerthingsinlife.Bybeingabletolaughatthem,weareabletofacethemmoreeasily.8．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Morefunnythingshappenwhenwearewithothers.B．Peoplefeelcomfortableinstrangers’company.C．Welaughsometimesbecauseofsocialneeds.D．Powerfulpeoplearemorelikelytobefunny.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contagious”probablymean?A．有區(qū)別的 B．有感染力的 C．令人害怕的 D．令人舒適的10．WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?A．Somethingfamiliariseasytomakepeoplelaugh.B．Thereareonly3theoriesaboutthereasonswhywelaugh.C．Everychildlaughs300timesandanadultlaughs20timesaday.D．TheSuperiorityTheorycanexplainwhypeoplelovemakingfunnyvideos.11．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theartoflaughter.B．Thesignoflaughter.C．Thepoweroflaughter.D．Thescienceoflaughter.【答案】8．C9．B10．D11．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了笑的科學(xué)知識(shí)：多笑對(duì)人的好處，我們更容易對(duì)熟悉的人笑以及人們笑的幾個(gè)原因和3個(gè)理論。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第2段“Buttolaughwithothers,wedoneedtofeelaconnectiontothem.Welaugh,evenifwedon’treallygetthejoke,especiallyingroupscontrolledbyapowerfulperson.”可知，笑是人與人之間的一種聯(lián)系，我們笑有時(shí)候是因?yàn)樯缃恍枰?。故選C。9．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第2段“oneperson’slaughcanspreadquicklythroughoutagroupofpeople”可知，一個(gè)人的笑聲很容易傳遍一群人，所以笑聲是有感染力的。故contagious的意思是有感染力的。故選B。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第4段“Weoftenfindthemistakesandmisfortunesofothersfunny.Thiswouldexplainthepopularityofonlinevideosshowingpranks”可知，優(yōu)越論能解釋網(wǎng)絡(luò)的搞笑視頻很流行的原因，是因?yàn)槲覀兘?jīng)常覺得別人的錯(cuò)誤和不幸很有趣。故D正確。故選D。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)1段“Andmuchresearchhasbeencarriedout,whichshowsthatlaughterisgoodforourgeneralhealthandwell-beige.”可知，第1段主要介紹了笑對(duì)人身體的好處；再根據(jù)第4段“Therearemanydifferentreasonswhywelaugh.Herearethreewidelyacceptedtheories:TheIncongruityTheory:”可知，第4段主要介紹了人們笑的不同原因和3個(gè)理論。故本文主要介紹了笑的科學(xué)知識(shí)。故選D。DItwasachillyNovembereveninginNewYorkCity,andmydaughterandIwerewalkingupBroadway.Noranoticedaguysittinginsideacardboardboxnexttoanewsstand.Shepulledatmycoatsleeveandsaid,“Thatman’scold,Daddy.Canwetakehimhome?”Idon’tremembermyreply,butIdorememberasuddenheavyfeelinginsideme.Ihadalwaysbeendelightedathowmuchmydaughternoticedinherworld,whetheritwasbirdsinfightorchildrenplaying.Butnowshewasnoticingsufferingandpoverty.Shewasn’tevenfour.Afewdayslater,Isawanarticleinthenewspaperaboutvolunteerswhodeliveredmealstoelderlypeople.ThevolunteerswenttoanearbyschoolonaSundaymorning,pickedupafoodpackage,anddeliveredittoanelderlyperson.Isignedusup.Norawasexcitedaboutit.Shecouldunderstandtheimportanceoffood,soshecouldeasilyseehowvaluableourjobwas.WhenSundaycame,wepickedupthepackageandphonedtheelderlypersonwe’dbeenassigned.Sheinvitedusrightover.Thebuildingwasdepressing.Whenthedooropened,facinguswasasilverhairedwomaninanolddress.Shetookthepackageandaskedifwewouldliketocomein.Noraraninside.Ireluctantlyfollowed.Ourhostessshowedussomephotosofherfamily.Noraplayedandlaughed.Iacceptedasecondcupoftea.Whenitcametimetosaygoodbye,wethreestoodinthedoorwayandhugged.Iwalkedhomeintears.Whereelsebutasvolunteersdoyouhavetheopportunitytodosomethingenjoyablethat’sgoodforyourselfaswellasforothers?Indeed,thepovertymydaughterandIhelpedlessenthatSundayafternoonwasnotthewoman’saloneitwasinourlives,too.NowNoraandIregularlyservemealstoneedypeopleandcollectclothesforthehomeless.Yet,asI’vewatchedhergrowoverthesepastfouryears,Istillwonderwhichofushasbenefitedmore?12．WhatdoyouknowaboutthemanNoranoticedonthatevening?A．Hewasaskingforfood. B．Hewasoneofthosehomeless.C．Hewastakenhomebytheauthor. D．Hewasbuyinganewspaper.13．Whydidtheauthorhaveasuddenheavyfeeling?A．Becausehisdaughterhadnoticedthedarksideoflife. B．Becausehedidnotwanttotaketheguyhome.C．Becausehefeltadeepsympathyfortheguy. D．Becausehisdaughterwasafraidofwhatshesaw.14．Inwhatorderdidthestorytakeplace?a.Ihappenedtoreadapieceofwritingaboutvolunteers.b.Norafoundamanandwantedtohelphim.c.Wejustnotonlyhelpreducethepovertyofthewoman,butalsothepovert