2020“外研社·國才杯”全國英語閱讀大賽樣題

2020“外研社?國才杯”全國英語閱讀大賽樣題

賽題分值說明：

1.線上初賽：題型僅為客觀題，即ReadandKnow,ReadandReason,Read

andQuestion三個模塊，共40題，答題時間為110分鐘,滿分100分。第

1-3題每題1分，第4-9題每題2分，第10題5分，第11-30題每題3分，

第3L40題每題2分。

2.復賽和決賽：題型包含客觀題和主觀題，即ReadandKnow,Readand

Reason,ReadandQuestion,ReadandCreate四個模塊，共41題，答題

時間為150分鐘，滿分100分。第1-3題每題1分，第4-9題每題2分，第

10題5分，第11-30題每題1.5分，第31-40題每題2分，第41題30分。

注：本樣題僅供了解大賽題型，不提供參考答案；體驗更多大賽真題，可加入備

賽課程《閱讀大賽真題—2019》，全面了解大賽題型，充分把握考查要點，

官方賽事系統(tǒng)iTEST提供即時反饋，支持反復練習。

PartIReadandKnow

InPartI,youwillreadshorttextsofvariouskinds.Readtheinstructions

carefullyandanswerthequestions.(Timeallowed:20minutes)

Questions1-3(Suggestedcompletiontime:3minutes)

Directions:Readthefollowingquotes.Matchthequoteswiththepeople.Pleasenote

therearetwoextraoptionsyoudonotneed.

1.Givemealeverlongenoughandafulcrumon

whichtoplaceit,andIshallmovetheworld.A.JohnLocke

2.MoralityisnotthedoctrineofhowwemaymakeB.Archimedes

ourselveshappy,buthowwemaymakeCAristotle

ourselvesworthyofhappiness.D.ImmanuelKant

3.Youcan'tconnectthedotslookingforward;youE.SteveJobs

canonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards.So

youhavetotrustthatthedotswillsomehow

connectinyourfuture.

Question4(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Toensurethehighstandardsoffacilitiesweneedtobuildnewwards,

laboratoriesandconsultingrooms.Inshort,weneedyourhelpnow.Completethe

coupontodayandrestassuredthatyourdonationisgoingtothebestpossiblecause.

4.Whereisthepieceoftexttakenfrom?

A.anadvertisement

B.aninstructionbooklet

C.astory

D.anewspaper

Question5(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Fewcomersoftheworldremainuntaintedbyintrepidtourists,andtheirimpactis

oftendevastating.Toofrequentlytheytrampleheedlesslyonfragileenvironments,

displacingwildlifeandlocalpopulationsintheirinsatiablequestfbrunexplored

locations.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?

A.TheFutureofTourism

B.TheRoleofTourism

C.ThePriceofTourism

D.TheBenefitsofTourism

Question6(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

eB&x

WithE-booksalesincreasingbymorethan300%forthesecondyear,publishers

deliveringnewrevenuestreamsthroughE-bookApps,andacademicpublisherslong

havingderivedsome90%oftheirrevenueonline,itisatravestytodescribeallthisas

thepublishingworldbeing”indenial”aboutdigital.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthistext?

A.PublishersaremakingprofitsfromE-booksales.

B.Notallpublishersarethreatenedbydigitalstorms.

C.E-booksbecomeamainsourceofrevenueforpublishers.

D.Traditionalpublishingindustryisdyingout.

Question7(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Withourtravelagency,theholidayyoubookistheholidayyouget.Ifyou

arriveandfindwe'vefailedtoliveuptoourpromises,letusknowwhattheproblem

iswithinonedayofyourarrival.We*llspend24hoursdoingeverythingpossibleto

sorttheproblemout.Intheunlikelyeventthatwecan*tresolveyourproblemand

makeyouhappywithin24hours,we'Hflyyouhomeandgiveyourmoneyback.

7.Thetextcouldbestbedescribedas.

A.acommitment

B.anappeal

C.awarning

D.avow

Question8(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Thenewdigitalcamerasaregreatfunandveryeasytouse.Theyletyoureview

yourpicturesthemomentyoutakethem,soyoucanre-shootrightawayifyou'renot

satisfied.Butremember,adigitalcameraisjustacomputerXXXX.It'snota

replacementforyourordinarycamera.

8.WhatisthemeaningofthemissingwordXXXXinthetext?

A.''somethingthatispoorquality"

B.Manitemthatisnotessential,somethingextra"

C."somethingexpensivebutgoodvalueformoney"

D."afashionwhichalwaysremainspopular"

Question9(Suggestedcompletiontime:2minutes)

Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestionaccordingtothetext.

Shehadgonealone,butthechildrenweretogotothestationtomeether.And

lovingthestationastheydid,itwasonlynaturalthattheyshouldbethereagoodhour

beforetherewasanychanceofMother'strainaniving,evenifthetrainwerepunctual,

whichwasmostunlikely.

9.Whatcanyousayabouttheirmother'strain?

A.Itwouldprobablybeearly.

B.Itwouldprobablybeontime.

C.Itwouldprobablybelate.

D.Ithadbeencancelled.

Question10(Suggestedcompletiontime:5minutes)

Directions:Thebarchartshowsthenumberandproportionofundernourishedpeople

inthedevelopingregions,from1990-1992to2014-2016.Answerthequestion

accordingtotheinformationinthechart.

Numberandproportionofundernourishedpeople

inthedevelopingregions,from1990-1992to2014-2016

■Leftaxis:numberofundernourishedpeople

Rightaxis:proportionofundernourishedpeople

▲Rightaxis:2015target

Source:TheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDG)Report2015

10.ChoosetheINCORRECTdescriptionaboutthechart.

A.Thelatestestimatessuggestthatnearlyoneinnineindividualsdonothave

enoughtoeatbetween2014and2016.

B.Projectionsindicatethatthe2015MDGtargetisnearlyreached,with12.9per

centofundernourishedpopulation.

C.Thesituationnoticeablyimprovedduringtheyears1995-1999,butwentdown

inthefirstfiveyearsofthenewmillennium.

D.Theproportionofundernourishedpeopleinthedevelopingregionshasfallenby

almosthalfsince1990.

PartIIReadandReason

InPartII,youwillreadshorttextsondifferentsubjects.Readtheinstructions

carefullyandanswerthequestionsbasedonlogicalinferenceandreasoning.

(Timeallowed:55minutes)

Question11(Suggestedcompletiontime:4minutes)

Directions:Readthefollowingdefinitionofalogicalfallacy.Answerthequestion

accordingtothedefinition.

PoisoningtheWell

Poisoningthewellisarhetoricaltechniqueandlogicalfallacywhereadverse

informationaboutatargeti$preemptivelypresentedtoanaudience,withthe

intentionofdiscreditingorridiculingeverythingthatthetargetpersonisabout

tosay.Itusestheassociationofnegativeemotionstodistractasubjectfrom

actualevidenceinanargument

11.Whichofthefollowingprovidesatypicalexampleofpoisoningthewell?

A.That'smystanceonfundingtheeducationsystem,andanyonewhodisagrees

withmehateschildren.

B.Youaresoweird.Thatmeans一weareprettymuchsure-thatyourwhole

familyisweird,too.

C.GodexistsbecausetheBiblesaysso.TheBibleisinspired.Therefore,weknow

thatGodexists.

D.Idon'tcarewhatyousay.Wedon'tneedanymorebookshelves.Aslongasthe

carpetisclean,wearefine.

Question12(Suggestedcompletiontime:4minutes)

Directions:Lookatthefollowingpictureandthenanswerthequestion.

1HWENEVERSEENfOOD

WISNOtCIRCLtSTC'IHfiVENEVERSEENfOODtttftt

fillFOODISIHCfiEfOREDOESNOtHAVESfflfiKjHt

DEfINHtWClfiClESm：

12.Whichofthefollowinglogicalfallaciesdoesthepictureillustrate?

A.FalseDilemma:anargumentthatpresentsalimitedsetoftwopossible

categoriesandassumesthateverythinginthescopeofthediscussionmustbean

elementofthatset

B.GuiltbyAssociation:afallacyusedtodiscreditanargumentforproposingan

ideathatissharedbysomesociallydemonizedindividualorgroup

C.NoTrueScotsman:anargumentcomingupaftersomeonehasmadeageneral

claimaboutagroupofthingsandthenbeenpresentedwithevidencechallengingthat

claim

D.HastyGeneralization:afallacycommittedwhenoneformsaconclusionfrom

asamplethatiseithertoosmallortoospecialtoberepresentative

Questions13-14Reasoning(Suggestedcompletiontime:10minutes)

13.Manypeoplereportthatexposuretocertainfoodsanddrinkssuchascheese,

chocolate,andredwine,isassociatedwiththeonsetofmigraineheadaches.Other

peoplereportthatexposuretocertainsmells(especiallystrongperfumes)seemsto

triggeramigraineheadache,andsomenotethatexposuretobrightandflickering

lightscanbefollowedbyamigraine.Itwouldseemthatapersonwithatendencyto

getmigrainesshouldtrytofindoutwhichofthesesituationsisassociatedwiththe

onsetoftheheadacheandthenavoidthisstimulus.

Allofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmaketheaboverecommendationimpractical

except:

A.Thetimedelaybetweenthetriggerandtheonsetoftheheadachecanmakeit

exceptionallydifficulttoidentifythetrigger.

B.Thepresenceofaknowntriggerdoesn*talwayscauseamigraine.

C.Inahighproportionofcasesthepatientsreportmultipletriggersfortheir

headaches.

D.Mostoftheknowntriggersarecommonandalmostunavoidablefeaturesof

modernlife.

14.Richard:Thenationalbudgetshouldprovidesignificantincreasesinalllevelsof

educationintheupcomingyear.

Natalie:That'snotfair.Areductionindefensespendinginpeacetimemaybring

usexcessiverisks.Wecan'taffordit.

WhichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationofNatalie*sargument?

A.Fundssavedfromdefensehavebeendivertedtoalllevelsofeducation.

B.Highlightingspendingoneducationdangerouslyimpactsonspendingonthe

military.

C.Thesizeofthemilitarybudgetreflectsastate'sabilitytofundeducational

activities.

D.Comparedwithmilitaryspending,investingineducationwillcreateafinancial

crisis.

Questions15-17(Suggestedcompletiontime:6minutes)

Directions:Readthetextaboutasciencediscovery.Answerthequestionsaccording

tothetext.

ManipulatingMemory

Memoryisnotoriouslymalleable.Ourrecollectionsfadeandtakeonnew

meanings;sometimeswerememberthingsthatneverevenhappened.But15.

Recently,however,scientistshavestartedtograspandtinkerwithmemory's

physicalbasis.Lastyear,inworkevocativeoffilmssuchasEternalSunshineofthe

SpotlessMindandInception,researchersdiscoveredwaystomanipulatespecific

memoriesinmiceusingoptogenetics,apowerfultechniquethatcantriggernerve

cellsinanimals1brainsbyzappingthemwithbeamsoflaserlight.Inaseriesof

experiments,theyshowedthattheycoulddeleteexistingmemoriesanduinceptnfalse

ones.

Thisyear,researcherswentevenfurther:switchingtheemotionalcontentofa

memoryinmicefrombadtogoodandviceversa.Underthelaser,forexample,male

micethathadonceassociatedacertainroomwithbeingshockedweretrickedinto

actingasthoughtheyhadoncemetfriendlyfemalemicethereinstead.

Whetherthemiceintheseexperimentsactuallyexperiencedvividfalse

memoriesorjustafuzzysenseofpleasureorfearisunclear.Norisitclearwhether

thefindingsapplytothetricksofmemorysofamiliartopeople.Long-sought

therapeuticadvances,suchastreatmentsforpost-traumaticstressdisorder,could

remainfaroff.Onethingiscertain,however:Onceconsideredbeyondscientific

dissection,memoryisfinallystartingtoyielditssecrets.

15.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsthenumberedspaceinthetext?

A.whatisreallyhappeninginourbrainasmemoriesareremodeledremains

mysterious

B.scientistsarecuriousaboutwhypeopleareoblivioustowhathavehappenedto

them

C.advancedtechnologyhashelpedscientistsdiscovertheworkingsofourbrain

D.somescientistsarguethatwhatweobserveabouthumanmemoryisnotwhatit

reallyis

16.Thewordr'inceptf,isclosestinmeaningto.

A.operate

B.start

C.detect

D.occupy

17.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.People'sfalsememoriesresultfromtheimpactofdifferentemotionprovokedby

laterexperienceonthesamespot.

B.Thesuccessinresearchindicatesthatitwon'tbelongthatatherapyisworked

outforpeopledisturbedbypainfulmemory.

C.Byzappingthebraincellsofmicewithlight,researchersareabletocreate,erase,

oraltertheirmemories,goodorbad.

D.Manyfancyideasinsciencefictionsormoviesthatarebasedonthemactually

drawgreatlyuponscientificachievement.

Questions18-19(Suggestedcompletiontime:4minutes)

Directions:Readthetextaboutcholera.DecidewhetherthestatementsareTrueor

Falseaccordingtothetext.

AchildreceivestheoralcholeravaccineShanchol

Choleraiscausedbyabacterialinfectionoftheintestine.Approximatelyonein

20peopleinfectedwithcholerahasaseriouscase,withsymptomsincludingsevere

diarrhea,vomiting,andlegcramps.Thesesymptomsquicklycausedehydrationand

shock,andcanresultindeathwithinhoursiftheinfectedpersondoesn'treceive

treatment.Choleraistypicallytransmittedbycontaminatedfoodorwater.Inareas

withpoortreatmentofsewageanddrinkingwater,thefecesofpeoplewithcholera

canenterthewatersupplyandspreadquickly,resultinginanepidemic.Thecholera

bacteriummayalsoliveintheenvironmentinsomecoastalwaters,soshellfisheaten

rawcanbeasourceofcholerainaffectedareas.

18.Choleraisknowntobealife-threateningdiseasewhicheasilycausesdeathof

mostofthepatients.

True()False()

19.Choleratypicallyoccursinareasneartheseaortheriverwherecontaminated

foodisamajorsourceofthedisease.

True()False()

Questions20-21(Suggestedcompletiontime:5minutes)

Directions:ReadtheabstractofaresearchpaperfromtheDeepMindwebsite.Decide

whetherthestatementsareTrueorFalseaccordingtotheabstract.

CCoogleDeepMind

WHOWCAMOLMMtS&lONWOMWVFHUSHKSSPUttKATWttt

W?tMandsyttemttobutldpowerfulxxrabpwpM*“rvp

TeachingMachinestoReadandComprehend

Authors:K.M.Hermann,T.Kocisky,E.Grefenstette,L.Espeholt,W.Kay,M.

Suleyman,P.Blunsom

Published:NIPS2015

Abstract:Teachingmachinestoreadnaturallanguagedocumentsremainsan

elusivechallenge.Machinereadingsystemscanbetestedontheirabilitytoanswer

questionsposedonthecontentsofdocumentsthattheyhaveseen,butuntilnowlarge

scaletrainingandtestdatasetshavebeenmissingfbrthistypeofevaluation.Inthis

workwedefineanewmethodologythatresolvesthisbottleneckandprovideslarge

scalesupervisedreadingcomprehensiondata.Thisallowsustodevelopaclassof

attentionbaseddeepneuralnetworksthatlearntoreadrealdocumentsandanswer

complexquestionswithminimalpriorknowledgeoflanguagestructure.

20.Previousstudiesdidn'ttakeconstantefforttoevaluatethereadingabilityof

artificialintelligencemachines,whichwaswhythepresentresearchwasconducted.

True()False()

21.Oneimplicationoftheresearchisthatamethodologythathelpsgatherandhandle

bigdataisindispensabletoartificialintelligencerelatedstudies.

True()False()

Questions22-23(Suggestedcompletiontime:6minutes)

Directions:Readthetextaboutthe"Thinksmall"advertisingcampaign.Answerthe

questionsaccordingtothetext.

ThinkSmall

Thinksmall.

COURJEST.DOeMEM

Ifyou'reinterestedinmarketingandadvertising,Volkswagen's"Thinksmall'1

campaignfortheBeetlewhenitwasfirstintroducedtoNorthAmericain1959looms

largeasoneofthegreatestadvertisingcampaignsofalltime.Itwasn'tjusta

revolutioninautomotiveadvertising;itchangedtheentii*eindustry.

UntiltheBeetlehitthemarket,automotivemarketingcopywasfullofbluster,

andtheimageswereflightsoffancy,emphasizinglow,longlinesandafantasy

lifestyle.

Theclean,simplephotographyonawhitebackgroundthatemphasizedthe

Beetle'scompact,practicalformmayseemcommonplacethesedays,butitwasa

revolutioninaworldwhereAmericansgrewupobsessedwithmusclecars,

horsepower,andtiresmoke.Makingthecarsmall,whentheconventionwastomake

itfillthepage,wasalsonovel.Thesimplisticapproachtodesignandlayoutwas

totallycontrarytotheadvertisingconventionsofthetime.

22Thetextwasminimalistinbothlookandcontent,presentingthe

factssimplyinsteadoftryingtoweavetalltalesandfantasies;andinsteadofbluster,

itusheredinanintelligentsenseofhumorthatmadereadersfeelliketheywereinon

thejoke.Themessagewasoneofsmartanti-luxury,andtookgentleaimatan

industryobsessedwithsuperficialityandstyling,ratherthanthesubstanceunderneath

thecarbodies.

Notonlydoes“Thinksmall'1continuetoinspireVolkswagenadvertisingtothis

day,itusheredinacreativerevolutionintheadvertisingbusinessandchangedthe

worldofmarketingforever."Thinksmall"showedthepowerofhumorandhonesty,

anditsphotographicanddesignprinciplesbroughtaboutamajorshiftinthelookand

feelofmarketingaroundtheworld.

22.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestfitsthenumberedspaceinthetext?

A.Whatdefinedtheadevenmorethanitsvisualstylewasthetoneofitscopy.

B.Thisadstartsoffdoingtheexactoppositeofwhatyouwouldexpectinacarad.

C.Thiswasanexerciseinminimalismandaveryaccuratereflectiononthe

productitself.

D.Thecarwasn'tdepictedasanintegralpieceofthedailylivesofamiddleclass

family.

23.Itcanbeinferredthattheadvertisingconventionsofthe1950swerereflectedin

thefollowingexceptthat.

A.Theadsinthe1950stypicallyshowedproudownersandpassengersevoking

greatjoyaboutnewshinybigacquisitions.

B.Themarketingconceptthenfocusedonprovidingasmuchinformationas

possibletothereadersuchasthewayit'screated.

C.Themarketingschemesassociatedtheadvertisedproductwithanideaoraway

oflivingfromaverageconsumers*perspective.

D.Themarketingpracticemayattachimportancetoasenseofhumorbroughtby

theuseofexaggeratedlanguage.

Questions24-25(Suggestedcompletiontime:4minutes)

Directions:Readthefollowingsixremarksconcerningthecrowd.Fourofthemare

takenfromGustaveLeBern'sbook,TheCrowd:AStudyofthePopularMind.Choose

thetworemarksthatmayNOTbetakenfromthebook.

24-25._______

TheCrowd

A.Incrowdsitisstupidityandnotmotherwitthatisaccumulated.

B.Crowdsmostenvythelonelymanwhowalksconfidentlyasifheiswalking

withthegreatcrowds!

C.Acrowdisnotmerelyimpulsiveandmobile.Likeasavage,itisnotpreparedto

admitthatanythingcancomebetweenitsdesireandtherealizationofitsdesire.

D.Iwalkedwiththem,ascrowdshavethateffectonme,Iwanttodowhattheydo,

tojourneytowardssomepointofrevelation,whichofcoursenevercomes.

E.Crowds,beingincapablebothofreflectionandofreasoning,aredevoidofthe

notionofimprobability;anditistobenotedthatinageneralwayitisthemost

improbablethingsthatarethemoststriking.

F....theindividualformingpartofacrowdacquires,solelyfromnumerical

considerations,asentimentofinvinciblepowerwhichallowshimtoyieldtoinstincts

which,hadhebeenalone,hewouldperforcehavekeptunderrestraint.

Questions26-28(Suggestedcompletiontime:5minutes)

Directions:Readthetextaboutafly.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothetext.

TheFly

Atthatmomentthebossnoticedthataflyhadfallenintohisbroadinkpot,and

wastryingfeeblybutdesperatelytoclamberoutagain."Help!Help!"saidthose

strugglinglegs.Butthesidesoftheinkpotwerewetandslippery;itfellbackagain

andbegantoswim.Thebosstookupapen,pickedtheflyoutoftheink,andshookit

ontoapieceofblotting-paper.Forafractionofaseconditlaystillonthedarkpatch

thatoozedroundit.Thenthefrontlegswaved,tookhold,and,pullingitssmall,

soddenbodyup,itbegantheimmensetaskofcleaningtheinkfromitswings.Over

andunder,overandunder,wentalegalongawing,asthestonegoesoverandunder

thescythe.Thentherewasapause,whilethefly,seemingtostandonthetipsofits

toes,triedtoexpandfirstonewingandthentheother.Itsucceededatlast,and,sitting

down,itbegan,likeaminutecat,tocleanitsface.Nowonecouldimaginethatthe

littlefrontlegsrubbedagainsteachotherlightly,joyfully.27.

26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?

A.Thebosssavedtheflyoutofhisbroadinkpot.

B.Theflywastrappedbythethickinkonitswings.

C.Thepassagedescribeshowaflysurvivedanaccident.

D.Thepassageshowshowaflyconqueredachallenge.

27.Whichofthefollowingstatementcanbestfitinthenumberedspace?

A.Thehorribledangerwasover;ithadescaped;itwasreadyforlifeagain.

B.Thebosswasrelievednow,reassuredthattheflyhadbeenoutofdanger.

C.Butthefrontlegswaved,caughthold,and,moreslowlythistime,thetask

restarted.

D.Butsuchagrindingfeelingofwretchednessseizedhimthathefeltpositively

frightened.

28.Thetoneofthetextcanbedescribedasacomplexmixtureofanythingbut

A.sympathetic

B.humorous

C.cheerful

D.depressing

Questions29-30(Suggestedcompletiontime:7minutes)

Directions:ReadthetextaboutChacoCulture.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothe

text.

The"ChacoCulture'1,asmodern-dayarchaeologistscallit,flourishedbetween

roughlythe9thand13thcenturiesA.D.andwascenteredatChacoCanyoninwhatis

nowNewMexico.

ThepeopleoftheChacoCulturebuiltimmensestructuresthatattimes

encompassedmorethan500rooms.Theyalsoparticipatedinlong-distancetradethat

broughtcacao,macaws(atypeofparrot),turquoiseandcoppertoChacoCanyon.

29,researchershavetorelyontheartifactsandstructurestheyleft

behind,aswellasoralaccountsthathavebeenpassedonthroughgenerations,to

reconstructwhattheirliveswerelike.

ArchaeologistsgenerallyagreethatChacoCanyonwasthecenterofChaco

Culture.TodaythecanyonisanationalparkandaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.

TheNationalParkServiceestimatesthatthereareabout4,000archaeologicalsitesin

thepark,includingmorethanadozenimmensestructuresthatarchaeologists

sometimescall''GreatHouses11.Archaeologicalresearchhasrevealedmany

discoveries,includingasystemofroadsthatconnectedmanyChacoCulturesites,and

evidenceofastronomicalalignmentsthatindicatethatsomeChacoCulturestructures

wereorientedtowardthesolsticesunandlunarstandstills.

“TherehasbeenmorearchaeologicalresearchconductedinChacoandonthe

subjectofChacothanonanyotherprehistoricdistrictinNorthAmerica,saysa

NationalParkServicestatementpostedonChacoCultureNationalHistoricalPark's

website.

"Today,twentyPuebloangroupsinNewMexico,aswellastheHopiinArizona,

claimChacoastheirancestralhomelandandaretiedtothisplacethroughoral

traditionsandclanlineages.AnumberofNavajoclansarealsoaffiliatedwith

Chacoansitesthroughtheirtraditionalstories/1theNationalParkServicestatement

says.

Despitethefactthattherehasbeenanimmenseamountofarchaeological

researchcarriedoutatChacoCanyon,andatotherChacoCulturesitesinthe

AmericanSouthwest,modern-dayarchaeologistsdisagreeoverwhatthepeopleofthe

ChacoCulturewerelike.

SomearchaeologiststhinkthatthepeopleoftheChacoCulturewerenot

politicallyunited,whilesomethinktheycontrolledanempirecenteredonChaco

Canyon."WhatwasChaco?Opinionsvarywidely,perhapswildly.Interpretations

rangefromavalleyofpeacefulfarmingvillagestothemonumentalcapitalofan

empire,'1wroteStephenLekson,aprofessorattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder,in

anarticlepublishedinthebookTheArchitectureofChacoCanyon,New

Mexico(UniversityofUtahPress,2007).

Leksonnotedthattherearedifferentinterpretationsamongarchaeologistsasto

whattheGreatHouseswere.Somearchaeologistsbelievethattheywerevillages

inhabitedbythousandsofpeople,whileothersthinkthattheywereeliteresidences

thathousedasmallnumberofresidents.

29.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsinthenumberedspaceinthetext?

A.ThepeopleoftheChacoCulturedidnotuseawritingsystemandassuch

B.Whilearchaeologistsarenotcertainwhatcausedthisdramaticpopulationbump

C.Whenthinkingaboutarchaeologicalsites,wetendtothinkofthemasdead

silent

D.SinceChaco'snationalmonumentstatusmaynotprotectitfromdevelopment

pressures

30.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanweknowfromthetext?

A.ThepeopleoftheChacocultureweregoodatforeigntrade.

B."GreatHouses11werebuiltfromapproximatelythe9thto13thcenturyA.D.

C.MostdescendantsofancientChacopeopleliveinNewMexiconow.

D.ArchaeologistsholddifferentideasabouthowthepeopleoftheChacoCulture

lived.

PartIIIReadandQuestion

InPartIII,youwillreadpassagesonthesamesubject.Youwillberequiredto

identifythewriter'spositionandevaluatetheeffectivenessofthewriter's

arguments.(Timeallowed:35minutes)

Questions31-40(Suggestedcompletiontime:35minutes)

Directions:Readthreepassagesaboutfashion.Answerthequestionsaccordingtothe

passages.

PassageA

It'snotthateasytoanswerthequestion,"whatisfashion?*1becauseitmeans

differentthingstodifferentpeople.Fashionisanart.It'sareligion.It*sajob.It'sa

peekintoapersonality.Itsplayfulness.It'sanescapeoradisguise.Itisafeastforthe

eyes.Butultimately,32.FrenchfashiondesignerCocoChaneloncesaid,

"Fashionisnotsomethingthatexistsindressesonly.Fashionisinthesky,inthe

street,fashionhastodowithideas,thewaywelive,whatishappening.0

It'strue.Fashionisn'tdefinedsolelybyourclot